比較級(jí)最高級(jí)

1、 形容詞和副詞的形容詞和副詞的 比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)Unit 3-4形容詞：是修飾名詞（人或事物），表示名形容詞：是修飾名詞（人或事物），表示名 詞的性質(zhì)、特征或?qū)傩缘囊环N詞類。詞的性質(zhì)、特征或?qū)傩缘囊环N詞類。 它在句中作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。它在句中作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。副詞：用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞及其他副詞副詞：用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞及其他副詞 的詞叫副詞。副詞在句中多作狀語(yǔ)的詞叫副詞。副詞在句中多作狀語(yǔ). 一、形容詞和副詞的概念一、形容詞和副詞的概念形容詞作定語(yǔ)一般放在被修飾的名詞之前。形容詞作定語(yǔ)一般放在被修飾的名詞之前。 如如: a new book, two big tr

2、ees, a lucky boy等等。二、形容詞和副詞的用法二、形容詞和副詞的用法形容詞放在系動(dòng)詞形容詞放在系動(dòng)詞be 、look、 get、keep、turn、feel、become、seem、 taste、 smell 、sound等之后等之后。如如:1.I am short and heavy. 2.She looks fine. 3.The trees turn green. 4. He feels happy. 5.That sounds interesting. 6.I feel well. (adj.)如果如果形容詞形容詞修飾不定代詞修飾不定代詞something, anythi

3、ng, everything, nothing等時(shí)，等時(shí)，要放在不定代詞后面。要放在不定代詞后面。如如: something special nothing new somewhere interesting something else副詞放在所修飾的動(dòng)詞之后，形容詞和副副詞放在所修飾的動(dòng)詞之后，形容詞和副 詞之前詞之前。如果前面是行為動(dòng)詞，則后面用副詞。如果前面是行為動(dòng)詞，則后面用副詞。如如: 1.She works hard .（修飾動(dòng)詞） 2.I am very busy.（修飾形容詞） 3.He runs too quickly .（修飾副詞） 4.We play happily.

4、（修飾動(dòng)詞） 5. I like math very much. （修飾動(dòng)詞）通常在形容詞后加通常在形容詞后加-ly變成副詞。變成副詞。slow _ real _usual _ careful_easy _ happy _heavy _ angry _lucky _ safe _ terrible_ true _slowlyusuallyeasilyheavilyreallycarefullyhappilyangrilyluckilysafelyterriblytruly下列詞既是形容詞又是副詞下列詞既是形容詞又是副詞如如: hard, late, early, far, near, alon

5、e, straight, fast等等 He works hard.(副詞，努力地）副詞，努力地） Its hard work. (形容詞，難的形容詞，難的)She is alone at home, but never feel lonely.She lives alone in Shanghai. (adv.)They stood there straight. (adv.)She has straight, black hair. (adj.)He is so early every day. (adj.)He gets up early every day. (adv.) 形容詞，副詞

6、原級(jí)用法形容詞，副詞原級(jí)用法 形容詞原級(jí)可以被形容詞原級(jí)可以被 very, quite, pretty, so, (much) too, rather(相當(dāng)相當(dāng)), enough(足夠的足夠的)等詞的修飾等詞的修飾 1) very 非常非常 This is a very interesting book. 這是一本很有趣的書。這是一本很有趣的書。 2) quite 相當(dāng)相當(dāng) Its quite cold this morning. 今天早晨相當(dāng)冷。今天早晨相當(dāng)冷。 3) so 那么那么 You are so fast. 你那么快。你那么快。 4) rather 相當(dāng)相當(dāng) I think you

7、re rather unkind not to stay. 我想你不留下來(lái)有點(diǎn)太不友善了。我想你不留下來(lái)有點(diǎn)太不友善了。 5) enough He is old enough to look after himself. 他足夠大可以照顧自己了。他足夠大可以照顧自己了。 2. 在在 as.as 和和 not so.as 的中間形容詞常用原級(jí)的中間形容詞常用原級(jí) 1) as.as 表示相等表示相等 This knife is as sharp as that one. 這把刀和那把一樣鋒利。這把刀和那把一樣鋒利。 He is as tall as I. 他的個(gè)子和我一般高。他的個(gè)子和我一般高。

8、2) not so.as, not as.as 表示表示不如不如 Hes not so clever as his brother. = His brother is cleverer than him / he. 他不像他的兄弟那么聰明。他不像他的兄弟那么聰明。 補(bǔ)充：補(bǔ)充： She isnt so beautiful as her sister. =She is less beautiful than her sister. 3)數(shù)詞數(shù)詞 +times +as +adj. +as 表倍數(shù)表倍數(shù) The earth is 49 times as big as the moon. 地球是月亮的

9、地球是月亮的49倍那么大。倍那么大。大多數(shù)形容詞（性質(zhì)形容詞）和副詞有比較級(jí)大多數(shù)形容詞（性質(zhì)形容詞）和副詞有比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的變化，即原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)，和最高級(jí)的變化，即原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)，用來(lái)表示事物的等級(jí)差別。用來(lái)表示事物的等級(jí)差別。原級(jí)即形容詞的原形，比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)有規(guī)則原級(jí)即形容詞的原形，比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。 一、構(gòu)成的規(guī)則變化構(gòu)成的規(guī)則變化:1、單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞一般在詞尾加、單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞一般在詞尾加 - er 或或 - est e.g. cold colder coldest nice nicer nicest2、 重

10、讀閉音節(jié)詞末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)重讀閉音節(jié)詞末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí), 先雙寫這個(gè)先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母輔音字母, 再加再加-er或或- est。 big bigger biggest thin thinner thinnest3、以、以“輔音字母輔音字母+ y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，先改結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，先改y為為i, 再加再加-er或或-est。 e.g. easy easier easiest happy happier happiest healthy healthier - healthest 4、多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞在詞前加多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞在詞前加 more或或 most。 e.g. d

11、elicious more delicious most delicious interesting more interesting most interesting 注意：注意：1) 由形容詞由形容詞+ly 變化而來(lái)的副詞變化而來(lái)的副詞 要加要加 more, 或或 most 例如例如 happily more happily most happily slowly more slowly most slowly 2) 由分詞轉(zhuǎn)化過(guò)來(lái)的形容詞由分詞轉(zhuǎn)化過(guò)來(lái)的形容詞tired要加要加more或或most tired more tired most tired 不規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化 原級(jí)原級(jí) 比

12、較級(jí)比較級(jí) 最高級(jí)最高級(jí) good/well better best bad / badly worse worst many / much more most little less least far farther(距離上更遠(yuǎn)距離上更遠(yuǎn)) farthest further(程度上更深程度上更深) furthest old older(更老更老/舊的，年齡更大的舊的，年齡更大的) oldest elder （年長(zhǎng)的）（年長(zhǎng)的） my elder sister 我姐姐我姐姐important _ _ easy_ _ wet_ _ happy_ _ careful _ _ thin _ _ g

13、ood_ _ hot _ _ easily _ _ many_ _ nice _ _ big _ _heavy_ _delicious_ _much_ _給出下列詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)給出下列詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí) more importantmost importanteasiereasiestwetterwettesthappierhappiestmore carefulmost carefulthinnerthinnestbetterbesthotterhottestmore easilymost easilymoremostnicernicestbiggerbiggestheavierheav

14、iestmore deliciousmost deliciousmoremost 三、用法：三、用法： 比較級(jí)比較級(jí): 1、表示兩者表示兩者 (人或事物人或事物) 的比較的比較。 用用 A+ be +比較級(jí)比較級(jí)+than +B. e.g. I am taller than Tom. My dress is more beautiful than hers. 2、much, even, still, a little，a lot, (by) far修飾比較級(jí)修飾比較級(jí) 表示表示“得多得多”, “甚甚至至”, “更更”, “一些一些”。 This city is much more beauti

15、ful than before. Shes a little more outgoing than me. Its a lot colder today. 3、“比較級(jí)比較級(jí)and比較級(jí)比較級(jí)”意為意為“越來(lái)越越來(lái)越” 。多音節(jié)比較級(jí)用多音節(jié)比較級(jí)用“more and more形容詞原級(jí)形容詞原級(jí)”形式。形式。 The computer is cheaper and cheaper. 計(jì)算機(jī)越來(lái)越便宜計(jì)算機(jī)越來(lái)越便宜 The weather is getting colder and colder. 天氣越來(lái)越冷。天氣越來(lái)越冷。The girl becomes more and more be

16、autiful. 這個(gè)女孩長(zhǎng)得越來(lái)越漂亮。這個(gè)女孩長(zhǎng)得越來(lái)越漂亮。 The days become longer and longer. 天變的越來(lái)越長(zhǎng)。天變的越來(lái)越長(zhǎng)。 We are walking more and more slowly. 我們走得越來(lái)越慢。我們走得越來(lái)越慢。 4、“Which / Who is + 比較級(jí)比較級(jí) , A or B？”比較比較A、B兩事物兩事物, 問(wèn)其中哪一個(gè)較問(wèn)其中哪一個(gè)較時(shí)用此時(shí)用此句型句型。 e.g. Which T-shirt is nicer, this one or that one?Who is more active, Mary or Ka

17、te? 5 表示主語(yǔ)隨另一方的程度而變化時(shí)，用表示主語(yǔ)隨另一方的程度而變化時(shí)，用“the +比較級(jí)（主語(yǔ)比較級(jí)（主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)），謂語(yǔ)）， the +比較級(jí)（主語(yǔ)比較級(jí)（主語(yǔ)+謂謂語(yǔ)）語(yǔ)）”的結(jié)構(gòu)。的結(jié)構(gòu)。 例如：例如： The harder he works, the happier he feels. 他越努力工作越感到幸福。他越努力工作越感到幸福。 The higher we went up the mountain, the colder it became. 越往山的高處爬越冷。越往山的高處爬越冷。 The more they talked, the more encouraged th

18、ey felt. 他們交談的越多，就越感受到鼓勵(lì)。他們交談的越多，就越感受到鼓勵(lì)。 6） the+ 比較級(jí)比較級(jí) + of the two. (兩個(gè)之中比較兩個(gè)之中比較的那一個(gè)的那一個(gè)) Tom is the taller of the two. = Tom is taller than the other boy. 湯姆是兩個(gè)人中較高的一個(gè)。湯姆是兩個(gè)人中較高的一個(gè)。 She is the more beautiful of the two sisters. 她是兩姐妹中較美的一個(gè)。她是兩姐妹中較美的一個(gè)。 He is the cleverer of the twins. 他是雙胞胎中較聰明

19、的一個(gè)。他是雙胞胎中較聰明的一個(gè)。 最高級(jí)最高級(jí) 1. 三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度時(shí)，用三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度時(shí)，用“the + 形容詞最高級(jí)形容詞最高級(jí)” 的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。 這種句式一般常有表示比較范圍的介詞短語(yǔ)。這種句式一般常有表示比較范圍的介詞短語(yǔ)。 Zhang Hui is the tallest of the three. 張輝是三個(gè)人中最高的。張輝是三個(gè)人中最高的。 He works (the) hardest in his class. 他是班級(jí)中最用功的學(xué)生。他是班級(jí)中最用功的學(xué)生。 注意：副詞的最高級(jí)注意：副詞的最高級(jí)the通常省去。通常省去。 2）

20、Who / Which + be+ the +最高級(jí)最高級(jí), A, B, or C ? Who is the tallest, Tom, Jack, or David? Tom, Jack與與David三個(gè)人中誰(shuí)最高？三個(gè)人中誰(shuí)最高？ Which is the most expensive, a bicycle, a motorcycle, or a car? 自行車，摩托車和汽車，哪一個(gè)最貴？自行車，摩托車和汽車，哪一個(gè)最貴？ 3） + be + one of the +最高級(jí)最高級(jí) +復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞, 表示表示最最的的之一之一。 The Yellow River is one of th

21、e longest rivers in China. 黃黃河是中國(guó)最長(zhǎng)的河流之一。河是中國(guó)最長(zhǎng)的河流之一。 4） + be +the + 序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞 +最高級(jí)最高級(jí) +單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞 + 范圍范圍, 表示表示是是.的第幾的第幾。 She is the second tallest student in our class. 她是我們班她是我們班第二高的學(xué)生。第二高的學(xué)生。 比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)之間的轉(zhuǎn)化比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)之間的轉(zhuǎn)化 Tim is the tallest in his school. Tim is taller than any other student in his school.

22、 最高級(jí)可以和最高級(jí)可以和 比較級(jí)比較級(jí)+ than+ any other +單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞 轉(zhuǎn)換轉(zhuǎn)換 小試身手小試身手 She is the most beautiful girl in her class. Ted runs fastest in our school.She is more beautiful than any other girl in her class.Ted runs faster than any other student in our school.1.The new building is higher than the old one.Those ap

23、ples are bigger than these ones.2.His shirt is more expensive than mine.如果主語(yǔ)是物主代詞如果主語(yǔ)是物主代詞+名詞，那么后面要用名詞，那么后面要用名詞性物主代詞。名詞性物主代詞。比較級(jí)必須在同類中進(jìn)行，即人與人比，比較級(jí)必須在同類中進(jìn)行，即人與人比，物與物比，而且比較結(jié)構(gòu)前后的詞語(yǔ)要對(duì)稱，物與物比，而且比較結(jié)構(gòu)前后的詞語(yǔ)要對(duì)稱，特別注意在特別注意在than或或 as 之后不要漏掉可能出現(xiàn)之后不要漏掉可能出現(xiàn)的替代詞的替代詞 that ，those, one ,ones. 3.Kate is more beautiful t

24、han Lily is. She is five years older than I am. I drink more tea than he (does).than前后句子的時(shí)態(tài)相同。通常用前后句子的時(shí)態(tài)相同。通常用be動(dòng)動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, may, must, could, should和助動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞do, does ,did, will，have等來(lái)簡(jiǎn)答。等來(lái)簡(jiǎn)答。4.I have more pens than you (do).many,much,little,few等詞必須帶名詞。等詞必須帶名詞。5.The city is one of the most beau

25、tiful cities in the world.one of+ the+最高級(jí)最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞 Which/Who+ 比較級(jí)，比較級(jí)，A or B? Which/Who+ 最高級(jí)，最高級(jí)，A ，B or C?6.Who is older, Jim or Tom ? Who is the tallest, Jim , Mike or Tom 一）一） 寫出下列形容詞與副詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)形式：寫出下列形容詞與副詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)形式： long_ _ wide _ _ fat _ _ heavy_ _ slow _ _ few_ _ brightly_ _ badly _ _ far

26、_ _ quickly _ _ happy_ -_ tired _ _longer longestwider widestfatter fattestheavier heaviestslower slowestfewer fewestmore brightly most brightlyworse worstfarther/further farther/farthestmore quickly most quicklyhappier happiestmore tired most tiredExercises 選擇填空：選擇填空： 1 He feels _ today than yester

27、day. A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired 2. Which do you like _, coffee, tea or milk? A. the worst B. worse C. the worse D. worst 3. Of the two toys, the child chose_. A. the expensive one B. one most expensive C. a least expensive D. the more expensive of them 4. The line is _ than

28、 that one. A. more longer B. not longer C. much more longer D. many more longer 5. The earth is _ the moon. A. as 49 times big as B. 49 times as bigger as C. 49 times as big as D. as big as 49 times 6. The book is _ of the two. A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D. the thinnest 7. She looks _

29、 than she does. A. the more older B. very older C. much older D. more older 8. The garden is becoming _. A. more beautiful and more B. more beautiful and beautiful C. more and more beautiful D. more beautiful and beautifuler 9. They competed（比賽）（比賽） to see who could work _. A. the fast and best B. t

30、he faster and the better C. fastest and better D. faster and better 10._ hurry, _speed. A. More, less B. Much, little C. The more, the less D. The much, the little11. This kind of coffee is different _. A. and it is also better B. and better than the otherC. but also than others D. from the other, a

31、nd better12. If you want to be thinner and healthier, youd better eat _food and take _exercise.A. more, fewer B. more, less C. fewer, more D. less, more13. He is _of the two boys.A.tall B. taller C. tallest D. the taller14. Hes not so _as his brother.A. strong B. stronger C. the stronger D. the stro

32、ngest15. Mum, this T-shirt is much too small for me. Would you buy me a _one?A. good B. better C. large D. larger16. Which do you like _, tea or coffee?A. good B. better C. best D. the better （ ）17. He is one of in our country. A. the most popular singer B. the most popular singersC. the more popula

33、r singers D. most popular singers （ ）18. Which do you prefer, vegetables or fruit? I prefer fruit_vegetables.A. to B. than C. of D. and （ ）19. The weather in Beijing is asin Shanghai today. A. wetter than the weather B. wet as the weather C. wet than that D. wet as that19. This book isthat one.A. no

34、t so interesting B. more interesting thanC. as more interesting as D. interesting than20. I think maths is notEnglish.A. easier B. less easy C. easy D. so easy as不改變意思，改寫下列句型不改變意思，改寫下列句型This box is 12 kg. That box is 14 kg.This box is_than that one. That box is_than this one.I like chicken better th

35、an fish.I _chicken_ fish.lighterheavierpreferto 1）Mary is 10 years old. Lily is 12 years old. Mary is_ than Lily. Lily is_than Mary. 2）Lin Tao is the tallest boy in his class.Lin Tao is _ _any other_in his class. 3）Science is not so interesting as music.Science is_than music. Music is _than science.

36、youngeroldertaller than boymore boring / less interestingmore interesting用括號(hào)中形容詞或副詞的適當(dāng)形式填空用括號(hào)中形容詞或副詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1）This park is much_than that one. (beautiful)2）Im a_boy in the sun. (happy)3）Which book is _, yours or mine? (thick)4）My mother drives as _as my father. (good)5）Who is_than I, he or she? (old)more beautifulhappythickerwellolder 翻譯句子：翻譯句子： 1 這本書跟那本書一樣有趣。這本書跟那本書一樣有趣。 This book is _ _ _ that one. 2 你游泳沒有你弟弟好。你游泳沒有你弟弟好。You cant swim _ _ _ your brother. 3 今天比昨天冷的多。今天比昨天冷的多。It is _ _ today_ it was yesterday. 4 對(duì)這個(gè)故事比另一個(gè)激動(dòng)