八年級英語第二單元知識點及習(xí)題

1、八年級英語第二單元知識點及習(xí)題語言·知識精講1、How often do you exercise?你多久鍛煉一次？(P9 標(biāo)題) （1） how often 表示“多久一次”。用來詢問動作的頻率。其答語通常是once a day, often, usually, every day, never, sometimes, three times a week等。 比如：-How often do you exercise?你多久鍛煉一次？ -Once a day. 一天一次。拓展類似表示頻率的詞匯還有：once in a while (偶爾)，seldom(很少)，hardly(幾乎

2、不)，every two weeks(沒兩個星期)。其中hardly和seldom在居中表示否定的意義，對這些詞匯的提問也用how often。練習(xí)： ( )1. - _ do you go to the sports club? - At least once a week. A. How long B. How often C. How much D. How far ( ) 2. Tina _ three times a week. She is very healthy. A. exercise B. exercises C. exercising 2、help with housew

3、ork 幫助做家務(wù)（P9 1a） （1）help with sth. 意為“幫助做某事”。 如：我的弟弟經(jīng)常在家?guī)椭黾覄?wù)。翻譯：My brother often helps with housework at home.【拓展】：help sb. with sth.= help sb. (to) do sth. 幫助某人做某事help oneself (to sth.)意為“隨便吃（某物）；款待”(2)housework是不可數(shù)名詞，意為“家務(wù)勞動；家務(wù)活”如：My mother often does the housework on weekends.我的母親經(jīng)常周末做家務(wù)。 3、some

4、times有時（P9 1b） 【辨析】sometimes， sometime， some time， some times （1）sometimes 是一個頻度副詞，相當(dāng)于at times ,意為“有時”，可置于句首、句中或者句末。 -What do you often do after school? -I often do my homework, but sometimes I watch TV. (2)sometime是一個副詞，意為“在某個時候；日后”，指一個不確定的時間，常與過去時的謂語動詞或?qū)頃r得謂語動詞搭配，謂語其所屬的時間狀語之前。 We shall have a scho

5、ol meeting sometime next week.我們將于下周某個時候開校務(wù)會議。 （3）some time 意為“一些時候；一段時間”，在句中與延續(xù)性動詞連用。 Last summer I went to Italy and worked there for some time. 去年夏天我去了意大利，在那里工作了一段時間。 （4）some times 意為“幾次；幾倍”。其中time是可數(shù)名詞，意為“次；回”。 He has been to Beijing some times. 他到北京去過好幾次了。 4、hardly ever 幾乎從不（P9 1b） Hardly是個副詞，含

6、否定意義，她的位置通常在be動詞、情態(tài)動詞和助動詞之后，實意動詞之前。與ever連用時，意為“幾乎從不；很少”，意義上接近于almost never.He could hardly see anything.他幾乎什么也看不見。翻譯：這兒幾乎不從不下雨。 It hardly ever rains here. -How is Susan? -Oh, she lives abroad, so I _ ever see her. A. hardly B. greatly C. clearly D. nearly 5、Hmm next week is quite full for me, Jack.嗯

7、我下周很忙，杰克。（P10 2d）full adj.忙的；滿的；充滿的；飽的。作“忙的”講時相當(dāng)于busy。常用結(jié)構(gòu)有：be full of充滿的，相當(dāng)于be filled with.Every glass is full of water.每個玻璃杯都裝滿了水。翻譯：籃子里裝滿了各種各樣的水果。 The basket is full of kinds of fruits.=The basket is filled with kinds of fruits. 6、How come ？ How come 意為“為什么呢？怎么會呢？”相當(dāng)于Why?用以詢問某事為什么會發(fā)生，或者為什么會有某種情況存

8、在?？蓡为毷褂?，也可接陳述語序的從句。How come he got the job?她為什么會得到這份工作呢？How come you are late?你怎么遲到了？翻譯：你今天早晨遲到了一個小時，怎么回事？ You were an hour late this morning, how come? 7、如何使用頻度副詞（P11）(1)常見的頻度副詞有always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never等。（2）如何區(qū)分它們表示動作重復(fù)的程度： always意為“總是；一直”，頻率最高，表示動作狀態(tài)持續(xù)，中間沒有間斷，其反義詞是never。 Th

9、e sun always rises in the east.太陽總是從東方升起。usually意為“通?！?，即很少例外，頻率僅次于always。I usually go to school by bike .often意為“經(jīng)常；常?！?，不如usually那么頻繁，表示動作重復(fù)，偶有間斷。She often helps me with my English.sometimes意為“有時；不時”，頻率比often低，表示動作偶有發(fā)生，間斷較大。Sometimes they play football on Sunday afternoon。他們有時候在星期天下午踢足球。seldom意為“很少；

10、不?！鳖l率次于sometimes。He is seldom late for school。他上學(xué)很少遲到。never意為“從不；決不”頻率為零。Simon is never at home on Sundays.西蒙星期天從來不在家。練習(xí)： 1、 If my friend have any problem， my door is _ open to them. A. never B. seldom C. sometimes D. always2. -Where shall we eat tonight? - Let s call Harry. He _ knows the best plac

11、es to go. A. only B. nearly C. seldom D. always 8、She says its good for my health. 她說它（牛奶）有益于我的健康。（P12 1b） be good for 意為“對有好處，對有益處、有效、使用”后接人或事物的代詞或者名詞。 Reading books is good for you. 讀書對你有好處。 The medicine is good for headaches.這藥可治頭痛。 9、We found that only fifteen percent of our students exercise ev

12、ery day.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)我們的學(xué)生中僅有百分之十五的人每天鍛煉（P13 2b） We found that后面是一個賓語從句，其中find意為“發(fā)覺、發(fā)現(xiàn)”，有以下用法： （1）find意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)、發(fā)覺”。 作此意解時，其后接“賓語+補(bǔ)語”。作賓補(bǔ)的動詞用現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞取決于動詞同賓語之間的關(guān)系。 When they got to school, they found the door locked. They found her walking alone on the beach. (2)find后接從句 Find后接that從句，表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)一個事實或者真理”He found tha

13、t some of the natives knew his language.他發(fā)現(xiàn)有一些當(dāng)?shù)厝硕盟恼Z言。 10、 but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day. 但是我們驚訝的是他們中有百分之九十每天都上網(wǎng)。（P13 2b） be surprised后接that從句，意為“對很驚訝、吃驚”；be surprised at sth. 意為“對某事感到驚訝”；be surprised to do sth.意為“對做某事感到驚訝”。 Im surprised that you are

14、the only one to think in that way.我很驚訝，你是唯一一個那樣想的人。 I was surprised at his answer.11、at least至少（P13 2b） at least是介詞短語，表示數(shù)量或者程度，意為“至少，起碼”其反義詞是at most意為“最多；至多”。I study at least for 6 hours every day.我每天至少學(xué)習(xí)6個小時。Here are at least fifty students in the class.【拓展】least是little的最高級，意為“最小，最少，最小的”He has the

15、least money of the three.這三個人中，他的錢最少。12、although conj.雖然；盡管；即使（P13 2b）although可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。Although Though she gave no sign , I was sure she had seen me.盡管她沒有示意，我還是確信她看見我了?！就卣埂縜lthough=though用作連詞，意為“雖然；盡管”，這兩個詞都不能與but連用，即用了although、though就不能再用but,不過可以與yetstill一起使用。 Even thoughif即使、盡管；as thoughif好像，仿佛（

16、這兩個詞組中though不能換為although） 翻譯：盡管他身體不好，但是他工作很努力。 Althoughthough he is in poor health, he works hard. He is in poor health, but he works hard. 13、through（P13 2b） (1)通過，經(jīng)過 We walked through the market to the truck park. 我們步行穿過市場到了卡車停車場。 The thief got in through the window.小偷是通過這扇窗戶進(jìn)來的。（2）借著；以；經(jīng)由He becam

17、e rich through hard work.他靠努力工作致富。（3）在一帶；在之內(nèi)We travelled through France and Belgium on our holidays.假期里我們在法國、比利時一帶旅游。 14、Exercise such as playing sports is fun 向體育活動這樣的鍛煉方式很有趣（P13 2b）【辨析】such as , for example (1)such as作“例如”講，用來舉例同類人或事物中的幾個例子。 Some of the European languages come from Latin, such as

18、French,Italian and Spanish.有些歐洲語言來源于拉丁語，例如法語、意大利語和西班牙語。 （2）for example作“例如”講時，一般只以同類事物或人中的“一個”為例，做插入語，用逗號隔開，可置于句首、句中或句末。 For example, air is invisible.例如，空氣是看不見的。 Playing sports屬于動名詞短語，一般來說，動名詞（短語）作主語表示一種抽象的和泛指動作。 Seeing is believing。眼見為實。 【注意】動名詞或動名詞短語作主語時，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。 15. And remember ,“Old habi

19、ts die hard.”請記?。骸芭f習(xí)難改”。（P13 2b） (1) Old habits die hard.(舊習(xí)難改)是英語中的一句諺語，表示習(xí)慣一旦養(yǎng)成，并非朝夕可改，多用來描述人們一時難以改變的固有觀念以及做法。 Old habits die hard. Thats why you should stop smoking before the habits takes hold. 舊習(xí)難改，這就是你應(yīng)該在習(xí)慣形成之前戒煙的原因。 (2)die為短暫性動詞，其現(xiàn)在分詞是dying，過去式是died. Her grandma died at age of 70.她的奶奶70歲時去世了。

20、 Die對應(yīng)的形容詞是dead,名詞是death.【注意】如果后面為延續(xù)性時間，則不能用動詞die,只能用形容詞來表達(dá)，die用于進(jìn)行時時，表示“即將死去” The old man is dying.這個老人奄奄一息。 Lei Feng was dead of many years. But death cant bring him away from peoples heart .16、less than 和more than(P15 3a) Less than用在數(shù)字前表示“不到，不足”，和more than在意思上相對。more than表示“超過”，相當(dāng)于over；less than和

21、more than中的less和more，分別是little和muchmany的比較級。其中more than還可以修飾名詞，表示“不僅僅”。 He bought the book for less than 10 yuan.他花了不足10元錢買了這本書。 Hes more than a singer. He s also a dancer.練習(xí)：一、單項選擇。 （ ）1、Enough sleep _ health. If you stay up for your favorite TV programs, you will feel sleepy. A. is good for B. is

22、good at C. is good to D. does well in ( ) 2.-You bought the car about three years ago? -Yes._ its old, it still run well. A. Because B. For C. Although D. But ( ) 3.You can get the book _ your local distributor(當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)銷商) A. on B. through C. with D. in ( ) 4. He bought a lot of fruit,_ apples and orange

23、s. A. such as B. for example C. same as D. so as ( ) 5. He was born in 1847 and _ in 1913. A. death B. dead C. died D. die ( ) 6. This city has a population of more than 1000000.(同義替換) A. less than B. less C. for D. over ( ) 7. David was so excited at the good news that he could _ Say a word. A. nea

24、rly B. hard C. ever D. hardly ( ) 8.-_ do you have an Art Festival in your school? -Once a year. ( ) 9.-What was the weather like ? -It rained _ and people could _ go out. A. hardly; hard B. hard; hardly C. hard; hard D. hardly; hardly ( ) 10. We are going to have a party _ next week. A. sometime B.

25、 some time C. sometimes D. some times ( ) 11. I cant eat any more food. I am _. A. busy B. hungry C. full D. serious ( ) 12. Take more _ ,and youll be thinner and healthier. A. exercise B. homework C. medicine D. meals ( ) 13. -Steve, _ do you play basketball after school? -Twice a week. It can keep

26、 me healthy. A. how far B. how soon C. how long D. how often ( ) 14. -Zhang Lili,“ the most beautiful teacher ”, has moved us deeply. -Yes, and she is _ popular with her students. A. sometimes B. never C. always D.hardly ( ) 15. We can be thankful every day, not just _ Thanksgiving Day. A. in B. on

27、C. to D. by ( ) 16. Lee _ all night in order to watch the football match between France and Italy. A. put up B. stayed up C. got up D. showed up ( ) 17. -Is your friend Michael still in Australia? -I dont know. I have _ information(信息) about him because we havent seen each other for _ years. A. a li

28、ttle; a few B. little, a few C. a few, a little D. few , a little 二、根據(jù)句意及漢語提示，填如恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。 1、The river runs _(穿過) the city. 2、This is _(這樣的) a beautiful garden. I love it very much. 3、-A year later my dog _（死亡） -Im sorry to hear that.三、用所給單詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空。 4、If you want to be healthier ,you should take _ (much

29、) exercise and eat _(little)meat. 5、_(eat) an apple a day is good for your health. 6. It is good to relax by _(use) the Internet or watching game show. 7. Most students have good _ (habit). 8.This was a traffic accident(交通事故). Many people _(die) 四、根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子。 1、劉老師對瑪麗的想法感到驚奇。 Mr. Liu _ _ Marys idea.

30、 2、我不喜歡水果，例如蘋果和香蕉。 I like fruit, _ apples and bananas. 3、杰克擅長數(shù)學(xué)。Jack _ _ _ math。完形填空：Mr. And Mrs. Wang are very forgetful (健忘) . For example, Mr. Wang sometimes goes to work on Sunday morning, because he t

31、hinksit is  1  . And Mrs. Wang sometimes forgets to cook supper for the family. One summer they planned to  2   to New York for their holidays.&#

32、160;They got to the airport only ten minutes  3   the plane took off. So time was shortBut  4   Mrs.  Wang said she must tell Ling Ling,  th

33、eir daughter,  not to forget to  5    the front door when she went to school. But Ling Ling then was at school. They couldnt tell her about it

34、60;by  6  . So they hurried to the post office. Mrs. Wang wrote a short note to Ling Ling, and Mr. Wang bought a  7   and an envelope(信封). S

35、oon the note was ready. They put thestamp on the envelope信封) in a hurry and dropped it in the letter  8  , but suddenly Mrs. Wang began to cry. The short&#

36、160;note was  9   in her hand. She had put the plane tickets in the  10 .(  ) 1. A. sunny B. cloudy C. Monday D. Sunday (  ) 2. A.

37、 walk  B. drive C. fly D. run  (  ) 3. A. before B. often C. when D. because (  ) 4. A. often B. ever C. always D. suddenly ( 

38、0;) 5. A. open B. lock C. closed  D. push (  ) 6.A. plane B. train C. telephone D. bus (  ) 7.A. note B. pen C. stamp D. letter ( 

39、 ) 8.A. envelopeB. box C. / D. office (  ) 9.A. still B. already C. always D. not (   )10.A. plane B. envelope C. hand D. school HOMEWORK:（ ）1.How often does your sister surf the internet? About .A. three time B. three times C. three time every day D. three times a day （ ）2. When is your father going to Hong Kong? He is going there July 28th. A. on B. atC. inD. to（ ）3. Thank you for me find my little c