高考英語改錯(cuò)十大思路新課標(biāo)人教版

1、高考英語改錯(cuò)十大思路新課標(biāo)人教版 高考英語短文改錯(cuò)題，是命題者將中學(xué)生常犯的高考英語短文改錯(cuò)題，是命題者將中學(xué)生常犯的各種典型錯(cuò)誤更集中、更系統(tǒng)地整理出來，放入一篇各種典型錯(cuò)誤更集中、更系統(tǒng)地整理出來，放入一篇內(nèi)容較為淺顯、題材較為輕松的文章中設(shè)計(jì)而成的，內(nèi)容較為淺顯、題材較為輕松的文章中設(shè)計(jì)而成的，它主要考查考生判斷、發(fā)現(xiàn)、糾正語篇中語言錯(cuò)誤的它主要考查考生判斷、發(fā)現(xiàn)、糾正語篇中語言錯(cuò)誤的能力以及在語篇中綜合、準(zhǔn)確地運(yùn)用英語能力，考生能力以及在語篇中綜合、準(zhǔn)確地運(yùn)用英語能力，考生在該題的得分率較低。在該題的得分率較低。 綜觀近十年的高考短文改錯(cuò)題，不難看出常見的綜觀近十年的高考短文改錯(cuò)題，不

2、難看出常見的改錯(cuò)十大思路是：一致關(guān)系、連接手段、平行結(jié)構(gòu)、改錯(cuò)十大思路是：一致關(guān)系、連接手段、平行結(jié)構(gòu)、非謂語動(dòng)詞形式、刪除冗言、冠詞使用，名詞數(shù)與格，非謂語動(dòng)詞形式、刪除冗言、冠詞使用，名詞數(shù)與格，詞語搭配，詞性分辨，行文邏輯等。現(xiàn)結(jié)合近三年的詞語搭配，詞性分辨，行文邏輯等。現(xiàn)結(jié)合近三年的高考試題對(duì)這十大思路分析如下高考試題對(duì)這十大思路分析如下：一、一致關(guān)系一、一致關(guān)系 短文改錯(cuò)中所涉及到的一致關(guān)系包括主謂一致、時(shí)態(tài)一致和代詞指代一短文改錯(cuò)中所涉及到的一致關(guān)系包括主謂一致、時(shí)態(tài)一致和代詞指代一致。謂語動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式要與句子的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，動(dòng)詞致。謂語動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式要與句子

3、的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)要與時(shí)間狀語或上下文的時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，代詞所指的內(nèi)容與其先行詞的時(shí)態(tài)要與時(shí)間狀語或上下文的時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，代詞所指的內(nèi)容與其先行詞在詞性和數(shù)方面以及與其自身的指代，要在意義上保持一致。例如：在詞性和數(shù)方面以及與其自身的指代，要在意義上保持一致。例如：1、(01春季)But then there is always more mysteries to look into.2、(01春季)I think I liked those classes because I felt that it helped me understand how the world w

4、orks.3、(NMET 2001)They didnt want me to do any work at home. They want me to devote all my time to my studies so that Ill get good marks in all my subjects. 4、(2002春季)for example, when he bought a chocolate cake, he put them in a secret place that I couldn t find.5、(2002春季)He said he is busy.6、(NMET

5、02)The three of them were very excited .7、(NMET03).and tried to translate anything into English.8、(NMET03)Their word were a great encouragement to me.is-areit-theydidntdontthem-itis-wasthem-usanything-everythingword-words二、連接手段二、連接手段 連接不當(dāng)會(huì)造成上下文不銜接。英語中句與句連接一般使用并列連詞或從屬連詞?；蛉舨⒘芯洌袛嗑渑c句之間是并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、選擇、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，還

6、是讓步關(guān)系。、從而選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞，若為復(fù)合句，首先應(yīng)判斷內(nèi)含何種從句，然后根據(jù)主、從句之間的關(guān)系判斷連接詞的使用是否正確，是否有遺漏或多余現(xiàn)象，要注意句子結(jié)構(gòu)的完整性。例如： 1、(01春季)I think I like those classes because I felt that they helped me understand what the world works.2、(01春季)In one class, I learned it rained.3、(02春季)For example, when he bought a chocolate cake he put in a s

7、ecret place where I couldnt find.4、(NMET 02) It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain.what-howit 前加 whyfind 后加 itwe 前加when三、平行結(jié)構(gòu)三、平行結(jié)構(gòu) 平行結(jié)構(gòu)是指兩個(gè)或更多的具有相似或相同的句法功能的詞、詞組或從句并列在一起的結(jié)構(gòu)，在表達(dá)相互平行的概念時(shí)，要使用相同的語法結(jié)構(gòu)，即動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞并列，形容詞與形容詞并列，不定式與不定式并列，短語與短語并列。平行結(jié)構(gòu)常使用等立連詞and, but, or或連詞詞組not onlybut also,not

8、. but, eitheror,neithernor,as well as等。例如：1、(NMET2002)As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.2、(NMET2003) I followed her advice and should put down 100 words or so each day. 3、(NMET2003) She liked it very mush and reads it to the class.visiting-visited reads-re

9、ad去掉去掉Should四、非謂語動(dòng)詞形式四、非謂語動(dòng)詞形式 主要考查不定式符號(hào)to的多余或遺漏，to是介詞還是不定式符號(hào)，現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞、動(dòng)名詞等。例如：1、(01年春季)But then there are always more mysteries look into.2、(01年春季)After learn the basics of the subject, nothing else seemed very practical to me .3、(NMET01)My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can

10、 make sure that I get a good education.4、(02春季)He didn t want share things with other people.5、(02春季)That is, a game of tennis making him very busy.6、(NMET03)Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper.look 前加前加 to learn-learningmake前加前加 towant 后加后加 tomaking-madetalk-talking五、刪除冗言五、刪除冗言 造成冗言錯(cuò)誤的原因主

11、要由于漢英表達(dá)上的差異。對(duì)英語慣用語在使用上的細(xì)微差異，主要考程度副詞和頻度副詞。如: much more, often等的多余，介詞的多余，語義的重復(fù)，固定搭配中多余的詞以及由于受漢語的影響而多用了某些詞語等。例如：1、(NMET01) Like most of my schoolmates, I have neither brothers nor sisters-in any other words, I am an only child.2、(NMET01) We may be one family and live under the same roof, but we do not

12、seem to get much time to talk about together.3、(02春季) For instance, on one night he played strong and loud music till four o clock in the morning.4、(NMET02) Evening came down.5、(NMET03) The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese.去 any去 about去 on去 down去 in六、冠詞的使用六、冠詞的使用 冠詞是英語中特有的詞，由于漢語中

13、沒有與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的詞，大家對(duì)它的用法感到難以掌握，高考英語短文改錯(cuò)題對(duì)冠詞的考查幾乎每年都有，但多數(shù)是考查其基本用法，如不可數(shù)名詞泛指時(shí)前面多冠詞；單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前少冠詞不定冠詞a，an與定冠詞the的錯(cuò)誤使用；固定搭配中冠詞的誤用等等。例如：1、(01春季)For example, when I was a child, the rain was a mystery.2、(NMET01) We may be one family and live under a same roof, but we do not seem to get much time to talk together.3、(

14、NMET02)As everyone knows, it is famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.去去 thea samethe samefamous 前加前加 a 七、名詞的數(shù)與格七、名詞的數(shù)與格 漢語中的名詞沒有單復(fù)數(shù)形式。英語則不同，如果英語的名詞是可數(shù)名詞，它有單復(fù)數(shù)形式。一般來講，不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)式。例如：1、(01春季)I used to love science classall of thembiology, chemistry, geography, physics.2、(NMET02) They do

15、nt want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that Ill get good marks in all my subject.3、There are around one hundred woman workers in this factory.4、The mother took great proud in her daughter.5、Do you know he is a friend of John? class-classessubject-subje

16、ctswoman-womenproud-prideJohnJohns八、詞語搭配八、詞語搭配 這主要考查介詞與動(dòng)詞，名詞、形容詞的固定搭配，副詞與動(dòng)詞的固定搭配，及物動(dòng)詞后面介詞或副詞的多余以及不及物動(dòng)詞后面缺少介詞，英語中的一些固定結(jié)構(gòu)及習(xí)慣搭配等。例如：1、(NMET02) I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.2、(NMET03) My teacher advised me to keep my diary.3、The great discovery is great impo

17、rtance in science.4、The artist is known for everyone in the town.5、He failed but he wanted to try the second time.去去 atkeep my diarykeep a diaryis 后加后加 offor-tothe second timea second time九、詞性分辨九、詞性分辨 根據(jù)詞在句中的位置與其它詞的修飾與被修飾關(guān)系，判斷詞的正確使用形式，根據(jù)詞在句子中不同的句法功能，使用與之相適應(yīng)的詞性。例如：1、(02春季)He never helped other.2、(02春

18、季)But he is difference now.十、行文邏輯十、行文邏輯 這主要測(cè)試行文中not的有無；come與leave的誤用;before與after的混用。例如：1、(NMET95) Uncle Ben will also go back for Christmas.2、(NMET01) What things are in other homes, I wonder.otherothers 或 other other peopledifference-differentgo-comeWhat-How短文改錯(cuò)例 I： Have you ever heard Angel Falls

19、?1、It is a highest waterfall in the world, deep in the jungles2、of Venezuela. Few has ever seen Angel Falls.3、That is very hard to get there. If you went 4、in land, you would have to travel for weeks through 5、thick jungles. If you went by plane, it would take about 6、four hours. No one knew about t

20、his high waterfall since 1930. 7、In that year, James Angel, American pilot, flew over the area. 8、Suddenly he saw a waterfall, that seemed 9、to drop straight out of from the clouds.10、heard heard ofa-thehas-haveThat-Itin land-by land正確正確since-untilan Americanthat- which去掉from短文改錯(cuò)例短文改錯(cuò)例 III. The journey was long and tired. We left London at five oclock 1,in the evening and spent eig