文學(xué)史名詞解釋

1、文學(xué)史習(xí)題1. What is the theme of“A red red rose”?The theme of A Red, Red Rose is the praise of love, the true and everlasting love. Robert Burns is leaving his love and intends to reassure her of his fidelity and love for her in his absence. The poem expresses love, but it does not try to stir up deep f

2、eelings of passion, instead, it reminds readers of love, making the speakers feelings sound more theoretical than real. In the first stanza, the word Luve is used twice as a pronoun, describing a particular person that the speakerhas in mind. By talking about this person, the poet draws attention to

3、 the other person and to how he relatesto that person, ratherthan examining his own emotions. This raisesthe impression that the love affair might be more for show, for the approval of other people, than for the experience of it.In A Red Red Rose Burns is telling us what the epitome of love is to hi

4、m. The similes he uses are meant to show us the grandness of love. He compares his love to a rose and to a melody, showing us that love is beautiful and precious. Burns also shows us how love is not fleeting; that if it really is love it will always be there no matter how near or far the two people

5、may be from each other. The vivid images, direct similes, simple expressions,and regular meters and rhyme make this poem popular beyond us later generations.名詞解釋： 9 個1. Romance （名詞解釋） Romance: Any imagination literature that is set in an idealized world and that deals with a heroic adventures and ba

6、ttles between good characters and villains or monsters.Romanticism: A movement that flourished in literature, philosophy, music, and art in Western culture during most of the 19th century, beginnigogom.2. Ballad （名詞解釋） Ballad: A story told in verse and usually meant to be sung. In many countries, th

7、e folk ballad was one of the earliest forms of literature. Folk ballads have no known authors. They were transmitted orally from generation to generation and were not set down in writing until centuries after they were first sung. The subject matter of folk ballads stems from the everyday life of th

8、e common people. Devices commonly used in ballads are the refrain, incremental repetition, and code language. A later form of ballad is the literary ballad, which imitates the style of the folk ballad. Ballad （民謠）：it is a song, tran smitted orally, which tells a story. It origi nated and was com mun

9、i cated orally among illiterate or only partly literate people. It exists in many variant forms. The most common stanza form, called ballad stanza is a quatrain in alternate four- and three-stress lines; usually only the second and fourth lines rhyme. Although many traditional ballads probably origi

10、nated in the late Middle Age, they were not collected and printed until the eighteenth century. Ballad stanza:A type of four-line stanza. The first and third lines have four stressed words or syllables; the second and fourth lines have three stresses. Ballad meter is usually iambic. The number of un

11、stressed syllables in each line may vary. The second and fourth lines rhyme.3. Heroic couplet （ 名詞解釋 ） Heroic Couplet （英雄雙韻體） refers to lines of iambic pentameter which rhyme in pairs: aa, bb, cc, and so on. The adjective “ heroic” was applied in the later seventeenth century because of the frequent

12、 use of such couplets in heroic poems and dramas. This verse form was introduced into English poetry by Geoffrey Chaucer. From the age of John Dryden through that of Samuel Johnson, the heroic couplet was the predominant English measure for all the poetic kinds; some poets, including Alexander Pope,

13、 used it almost to the exclusion of other meters。4. Renaissanee名詞解釋）Renaissanee: The term originally indicated a revival of classical （Greek and Roman） arts and sciences after the dark ages of medieval obscurantisn。 The rise of the bourgeoisie soon showed its influence in the sphere of cultural life

14、. The result is an intellectual movement known as the Renaissance,orthe rebirth of letters.It sprang first in Italy in the 14th century and gradually spread all over Europe.5. Sonnet （名詞解釋） Sonnet: A fourteen-line lyric poem, usually written in rhymed iambic pentameter. A sonnet generally expresses

15、a single theme or ide。 a6. Blank verse （名詞解釋）Blank verse: Verse written in unrhymed iambic pentameter7. Enlightenment （名詞解釋）Enlightenment: With the advent of the 18th century, in England, as in other European countries, there sprang into life a public movement known as the Enlightenment. The Enlight

16、enment on the whole, was an expression of struggle of the then progressive class of bourgeois against feudalism. The egogo inequality, stagnation, prejudices and other survivals of feudalism. The attempted to place all branches of science at the service of mankind by connecting them with the actual

17、deeds and requirements of the people.8. Classicism （名詞解釋）Classicism: A moveme nt or tendency in art, literature, or music that reflects the principles manifested in the art of ancient Greece and Rome. Classicism emphasizes the traditional and the universal, and places value on reason, clarity, balan

18、ce, and order. Classicism, with its concern for reason and universal themes, is traditionally opposed to Romanticism, which is concerned with emotions and personal themes.9. Sen time ntalism （名詞解釋）Sen time ntalism: A trend of thought beings at the sec ond half of 18 thcentury during the ago of Enlig

19、htenment in England. Sentimentalism came into being as a result of a bitter discontent on the part of certain enlighteners in social reality 。 The representative was Thomas Gray.10. Neoclassicism: A revival in the 17th agogo of order, balance, and harmony in literature.11. Pre-Romanticism: It origin

20、ated among the conservative groups of men and letters as a reaction against Enlightenment and found its most manifest expression in the “ Gothic novel ” . The term arising from the fact that the greater part of such romances were devoted to the medieval times. Renaissance is commonly applied to the movement or period in western civilization, whi ch marks the transition from the medieval to the moder