情態(tài)動(dòng)詞總結(jié)

1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞專題情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說話人的語氣和態(tài)度。如需要、愿意和懷疑等。它們有一定的詞義，但不完整，必須和主要?jiǎng)釉~的原形一起構(gòu)成謂語,常用的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有：can， could， may, might， must, have to, ought to， should， will, would， need， dare, shall, ， be able to及半情態(tài)動(dòng)詞had better, would rather， have to， would like to。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法:一、 can 1。 表示能力“能， 會(huì)”A computer cant think for itself； it must

2、 be told what to do。2. 表示許可，“能夠， 可以”;在疑問句中表示請求許可“能不能，要不要，用could表委婉語氣，還可以用may。You can go out to play when you finish your homework。 Can /Could /May I go now ？Yes， you can/may。 Could you give me a lift to the station？3. 表示猜測，通常用在疑問句中,表示驚訝、懷疑；用于否定句中,表示有把握的否定推測“不可能”Who can it be ?那會(huì)是誰呢? Can it be true?

3、那會(huì)是真的嗎？She cant be waiting for you. 她不可能在等你。He can't have gone there alone.他不可能獨(dú)自一人到那兒去。4。（表示平時(shí)大部分時(shí)間不是這樣,只是偶然發(fā)生)“有時(shí)候會(huì)”.Someequipment at home can be dangerous to children. Peter can be really hard to get along with even though he is a nice person in general。特別記憶： can not/ can nevertoo 或 cannot en

4、ough“再也過分，越就越好"You can never be too careful （you cant be careful enough ）while crossing the street. can't help doing sth。= cant help but do sth = cant but do sth =can do nothing but do sth.When a close friend dies， you can't but feel sad.were /was able to do sth。 表示過去設(shè)法成功地做了某事，could沒有此意

5、The fire spread through the hotel very quickly， but everyone was able to get out。can't/couldnt have done 不可能做過 ；could have done 本來能夠做，（卻沒做成）I could have worked out the problem,but I was too nervous。 A man answered the phone. Isuppose it was her husband。 - It couldnt have been her husband。 He had

6、 been dead for ages.二、may 1. （表示許可、請求允許）可以，might比may 的語氣更委婉。否定回答常用mustn't. - May/might Iuse your camera? No， you mustnt / I am afraid you cant。 Yes, you may。(Yes, please.） . You may not take photographs in the museum. 2. may表示把握性不大的猜測，“或許, 可能"，might可能性更小.may not 可能不I might see you again who

7、 knows？Things might not be so bad as they seem.He may not come this afternoon， I am not sure。3. （表示愿望、祝福）愿，祝.用倒裝語序.May you succeed！ May you be happy！ May you return in safety！ may/ might have done。對過去動(dòng)作不大有把握的推測,“也許已經(jīng)” might have done本來可能，但實(shí)際上沒有發(fā)生.You shouldnt have climbed the hill。 You might have ki

8、lled yourself。你本不該爬那山的,你或許會(huì)摔死的.may/might as well do不妨的好、 還是的好。Since it's a fine day, we might as well take a walk. may well do 很可能，完全有理由He may well be proud of his son。三、must 1. （表示義務(wù)、必要性、命令）必須，得,要?；卮餸ust的問句時(shí)，否定式用neednt或dont have to。 “mustnt" 表示禁止、不可以。-Must Iwash the dishes at once？Yes， you

9、 must。/No， you needn't.（ No, you dont have to。）We mustnt waste our time。2。(表示固執(zhí)、不滿)偏偏,硬要,偏要 Why must you make such a big noise while your sister is sleeping? 表示絕對的有把握的肯定推測，“一定”“準(zhǔn)是” must be doing sth。一定正在做某事； must have done對過去動(dòng)作的推測；注意其后的反疑疑問句形式。There must be a mistake， isn't there ？He must be

10、 watching TV at home, isnt he？ He must have seen the play， hasn't he?You must have gone to the cinema last night， didn't you？ have to ( have got to) 強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要，而且有人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、數(shù)的變化.You will have to wait until the manager comes back. I had to work when I was your age。四、shall1。 用于疑問句中， 第一、第三人稱，表示說話人征求對方的

11、意見或向?qū)Ψ秸埵?Shall we go out for a walk？ 我們出去散步好嗎？Shall he come in or wait outside? =Do you want him to come in or wait outside? 要他進(jìn)來還是在外面等候？2。用于陳述句中,第二、第三人稱，表示說話人的警告、強(qiáng)制、命令、要求、允諾或威脅.You shall fail if you dont work hard。（警告）He shall get the book when I finish reading.(允諾） 3.（用于法律、規(guī)則等條文中）應(yīng)、須、得No person sh

12、all smoke or carry a lighted cigarette， cigar in this area。五、should 1。 (表義務(wù)、責(zé)任)應(yīng)該You should apologize to him。2. （表預(yù)期）應(yīng)該會(huì)，想必會(huì), 一定會(huì)吧The photos should be ready by 12:00。Its almost seven oclock now。 They should be at home.3. (表驚訝、遺憾）竟然、居然I am surprised that a well dressed gentleman should speak so rudel

13、y。Its strange that Tom, the most excellent student in our grade should fail in the exam.4。 Why/How+ should+？ 結(jié)構(gòu)表示說話人對某事不理解、感到意外、驚異等，意為“竟然”。I dont know why you should think that I did it。我真不知道你憑什么認(rèn)為這件事是我干的.5。 用于某些表示建議、命令、請求的動(dòng)詞（如insist, order， demand, advise, suggest, recommend， propose， require, requ

14、est, command， desire等）后的賓語從句中,謂語為（should ）+ v。這類詞的名詞后的同位語從句、表語從句也用（should )+ vI suggested the meeting (should） be put off. My suggestion is that the meeting( should） be put off。It is suggested that the meeting （should） be put off。 ought to / shouldhave done過去本應(yīng)該做卻沒有做某事含有責(zé)備之意; shouldhave done也有驚訝之意“居

15、然。I told Sally how to get there， but I should have written it out for her。I was surprised she should have won the first prize in the competition.oughtnt to/ shouldnt have done過去本不該做卻做了某事. I was really anxious about you. You shouldn't have left home without saying a word。六、will 與would1.表示意志、愿望、決心

16、、習(xí)慣、傾向性。I will never do that again.I will do the work if she will do it with me。 He will sit there for hours without doing anything. Man will die without air and water. 2。 用于第二人稱表示請求、建議等,would比will 委婉、客氣。Would you pass me the book？Won't you come and sit for a while？3. 臨時(shí)做出的決定. - Do you know Jone

17、s is in hospital ？-Oh， I didnt know。 I will go to see her this afternoon.4。 過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或某種傾向用would。During the vacation， he would visit me every week。 When I was young, I would sit under the old tree listening to grandpa tell me stories。5。 wont /wouldnt 表示主語不具有某種功能，“就是不肯，不能”The machine wont work. The c

18、ar wouldnt move ， no matter how hard I pushed it. 七、dare與need1. need表示“需要”、“必須"作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),僅用于否定句和疑問句中;在肯定句中作實(shí)意動(dòng)詞后接不定式。Need I finish the work today？-Yes, you must /have to。neednt have done意為“本來沒必要做卻做了"。As it turned out to be a small house party，we neednt havedressed up so formally.2。 dare 作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

19、主要用于疑問句、否定句和條件句中.用作實(shí)意動(dòng)詞時(shí)，在否定句中后邊的to可以省略.He darent speak English before such a crowd， dare he？ He doesnt dare （to) ask me questions。 would like to do sth. 想做某事, would like/ love to have done 本來想做卻沒有做成I would like to have come to your birthday yesterday， but I was busy preparing a report。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之高考題選：1。

20、 I left my handbag on the train，but luckily someone gave it to a railway official。Howunbelievable to get it back！ I mean，someone _ it。A。will have stolen B。might have stolenC。should have stolen D。must have stolen2. -Write to me when you get home. -Yes， _ 。A . I mustB。 I shouldC。 I willD. I can 3。 -Ar

21、e you coming to Jeffs party？ -Im not sure, I _ go to the concert instead。 A。 mustB。 wouldC。 shouldD。 might4。 Will you stay for lunch? -Sorry， _ 。 My brother is coming to see me。 A。 I mustntB。 Ican'tC。 I needntD。 I wont 5。 -When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon。 -They _ b

22、e ready by 12：00。 A。 canB. shouldC. mightD。 need6。 - I stayed at a hotel while in New York . -Oh， did you ? You _ with Barbara。 A。 could have stayedB。 could stayC. would stayD. must have stayed7。 The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out。 A。 had toB。 wouldC。 couldD。 was a

23、ble to 8。 Johnny , you _ play with the knife， you _ hurt yourself. A. wont, cantB。 mustnt , mayC。 shouldnt , mustD. cant ， shouldnt 9. Is John coming by train？ -He should ， but he _ not。 He likes driving his car。 A. mustB。 canC。 needD。 may 10. A left luggage office is a place where bags _ be left fo

24、r a short time especially at a railway station。A. shouldB。 canC。 mustD。 will 11。- Isn't that Ann's husband over there？ -No， it _ be him。 Im sure he doesn't wear glasses. A。 cantB。 must notC。 wontD. may not12。-May I take this book out of the reading room？No,you _。You read it in here.A。mig

25、htnt B。wontC。needn't D。mustnt13。 - You needn't take an umbrella。 It isnt going to rain。 - Well， I don't know. It_ A。 might B。 need C. would D。 should 14。 He _ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it. A。 wouldn't B。 shouldn't C。 c

26、ouldnt D。 mustnt15。 When I was a child， I _ watch TV whenever I wanted to。 A。 should B. could C。 must D。 need 16。 Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He _ too much at the party last night. A。 could drink B. should drink C. would have drunk D. must have drunk 17。 The children _ lost in the woods； otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled。A。 must have got B。 must get C. should have got D。 should get 18。 Why are your eyes so red? You _ have slept well last night. Yeah， I stayed up late writing a