2015年英語高考試題及答案解析全國卷(共11頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上2015·全國卷(英語)第卷第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。C42015·全國卷 AMonthly talks at London Canal MuseumOur monthly talks start at 19：30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you don't need t

2、o book. They end around 21：00.November_7thThe Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive

3、contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”December_5thIce for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering. Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technolog

4、y of building ice wells, and how London's ice trade grew.February_6thAn Update on the Cotswold Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.March_6thEyots and Ait

5、sThames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames has many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest.Online bookings：.uk/bookMore info：.uk/whatsonLondon Canal Museum12­13 New Wharf Road, London

6、NI 9RT.ukwww.canalmuseum.mobiTel：020 7713 083621When is the talk on James Brindley?AFebruary 6th.BMarch 6th.CNovember 7th.DDecember 5th.22. What is the topic of the talk in February?AThe Canal Pioneers.BIce for the Metropolis.CEyots and AitsThames Islands.DAn Update on the Cotswol

7、d Canals.23. Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames?AMiranda Vickers.BMalcolm Tucker.CChris Lewis.DLiz Payne.【要點綜述】 此文主要介紹了倫敦運河博物館四個月份的講座安排。21C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句“James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers.”及其所對應(yīng)的日期November 7th，可知選C。22D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段前兩句“An Upda

8、te on the Cotswold Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening.”可以得出答案。故選D。23A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段中的“Eyots and AitsThames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames has many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them.”可知做報告的人是Miranda Vickers。故選A。C22015·全國卷 BThe fr

9、eezing north­east hasn't been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter, so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota, Florida, my bags were packed before you could say “sunshine”. I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C(維生素C), thinking of beaches and orange trees. When we tou

10、ched down to blue skies and warm air, I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness. Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets(at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best partparticularly to my taste, dulled by months of cold­weather root vegetableswas a 7

11、am adventure to the Sarasota farmers' market that proved to be more than worth the early wake­up call.The market, which was founded in 1979, sets up its tents every Saturday from 7 am to 1 pm, rain or shine, along North Lemon and State streets. Baskets of perfect red strawberries; the red&#

12、173;painted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck; and most of all, the tomatoes: amazing, large, soft and round red tomatoes.Disappointed by many a broken, vine­ripened(蔓上成熟的) promise, I've refused to buy winter tomatoes for years. No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get

13、them home they're unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless. But I homed in, with uncertainty, on one particular table at the Brown's Grove Farm's stand, full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist. These were the real dealand at that moment, I realized that the best part of Sarasota

14、in winter was going to be eating things that back home in New York I wouldn't be experiencing again for months.Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown's Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sa

15、rasota Ritz Carlton, whereluckily for meI was planning to have dinner that very night. Without even seeing the menu, I knew I'd be ordering every tomato on it.24. What did the author think of her winter life in New York?AExciting. BBoring. CRelaxing. DAnnoying.25. What made the author's gett

16、ing up early worthwhile?AHaving a swim.BBreathing in fresh air.CWalking in the morning sun.DVisiting a local farmers' market.26. What can we learn about tomatoes sold in New York in winter?AThey are soft.BThey look nice.CThey taste great.DThey are juicy.27. What was the author going to do that e

17、vening?AGo to a farm. BCheck into a hotel.CEat in a restaurant.DBuy fresh vegetables.【要點綜述】 本文是一篇記敘文。作者生活在紐約，但她在佛羅里達州薩拉索塔度過的一個周末讓她體驗到了不同的冬天。作者贊美了薩拉索塔的新鮮多汁的水果和蔬菜。24B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“The freezing north­east hasn't been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter, so when the chance came for

18、a weekend to Sarasota, Florida, my bags were packed before you could say sunshine”可知，作者認為在紐約冬天的生活是令人厭煩的。此處的boring與“hasn't been a terribly fun place”是同義表達。故選B。25D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句可知，作者認為早上7點到當?shù)氐霓r(nóng)產(chǎn)品市場是有意義的。故選D。26B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段第二句可知，紐約的西紅柿在商店里看起來是很吸引人的。故選B。27C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“a newly opened restaura

19、nt at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, whereluckily for meI was planning to have dinner that very night.”可知，作者那天晚上計劃在餐館吃飯。故選C。C52015·全國卷 CSalvador Dali (19041989) was one of the most popular of modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his p

20、owerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory. There is also L'Enigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper,

21、objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist's showman qualities.The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning, the world of birth. The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the

22、 visitor exiting through the brain.The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities(無限). “From the infinity small to the infinity large, contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus: amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museu

23、m­theatre in Figueras，” explains the Pompidou Centre.The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration(合作) with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg, Florida.28. Which

24、of the following best describes Dali according to Paragraph 1?AOptimistic. BProductive.CGenerous. DTraditional.29. What is Dali's The Persistence of Memory considered to be?AOne of his masterworks.BA successful screen adaptation.CAn artistic creation for the stage.DOne of the best TV programmes.

25、30. How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali?ABy popularity.BBy importance.CBy size and shape.DBy time and subject.31. What does the word “contributions” in the last paragraph refer to? AArtworks. BProjects. CDonations. DDocuments.【要點綜述】 本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了在巴黎 Pompidou Centre舉辦的著名畫家薩爾瓦多·達利

26、的畫展。28B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句“The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more.”可知達利是一位多產(chǎn)的畫家。故選B。29A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第三句“Among the works and masterworks on exhib

27、ition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory.”可知The Persistence of Memory是他的杰作之一。故選A。30D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句“The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.”可知，展品是根據(jù)時間和主題安排的。故選D。31A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“The fine selection

28、of the major works was done in close collaboration(合作) with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg, Florida.”可知選A。C72015·全國卷 DConflict is on the menu tonight at the cafe La Chope. This eveni

29、ng, as on every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of France's favourite pastimes, coffee drinking and the “talking cure”. Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings. It isn't always easy. The customerssome thirty Parisians who pay just under $2 (pl

30、us drinks) per sessionare quick to intellectualize (高談闊論)，slow to open up and connect. “You are forbidden to say one feels， or people think，” Lehanne told them. “Say I think， Think me”A cafe society where no intellectualizing is allowed? It couldn't seem more un­French. But Lehanne's ps

31、ychology cafe is about more than knowing oneself: it's trying to help the city's troubled neighbourhood cafes. Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestylelonger working hours, a fast­food boom and a younger generation's desire to spend more t

32、ime at home. Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation. Cafes focused around psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, filling tables well into the evening.The city's “psychology cafes”， which offer great comfort, are among the most popular places. Middle­aged hom

33、emakers, retirees, and the unemployed come to such cafes to talk about love, anger, and dreams with a psychologist. And they come to Lehanne's group just to learn to say what they feel. “There's a strong need in Paris for communication，” says Maurice Frisch, a cafe La Chope regular who works

34、 as a religious instructor in a nearby church. “People have few real friends. And they need to open up.” Lehanne says she'd like to see psychology cafes all over France. “If people had normal lives, these cafes wouldn't exist，”she says.“If life weren't a battle, people wouldn't need

35、a special place just to speak.”But then, it wouldn't be France.32What are people encouraged to do at the cafe La Chope?ALearn a new subject.BKeep in touch with friends.CShow off their knowledge.DExpress their true feelings.33. How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes?AThey are less fre

36、quently visited.BThey stay open for longer hours.CThey have bigger night crowds.DThey start to serve fast food.34. What are theme cafes expected to do?ACreate more jobs.BSupply better drinks.CSave the cafe business.DServe the neighbourhood.35. Why are psychology cafes becoming popular in Paris?AThey

37、 bring people true friendship.BThey give people spiritual support.CThey help people realize their dreams.DThey offer a platform for business links.【要點綜述】 本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了法國心理咖啡館的社會意義和功能特色，以及這類咖啡館在法國越來越受歡迎的原因。 32D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第三句“Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings.”可知在La

38、Chope咖啡館，人們被鼓勵表達他們真正的情感。故選D。33A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestylelonger working hours, a fast­food boom and a younger generation's desire to spend more time at home.”可知選A。34C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Dozens of new theme cafes appear to c

39、hange the situation.”可以得出答案。故選C。35B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“If people had normal lives, these cafes wouldn't exist， she says.If life weren't a battle, people wouldn't need a special place just to speak.But then, it wouldn't be France.”可知， 心理咖啡館在巴黎受歡迎的原因是它們能給予人們精神上的支持。故選B。第二節(jié) (共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10

40、分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。J12015·全國卷 Building trust in a relationship againTrust is a learned behaviour that we gain from past experiences. 36._ Trust is a risk. But you can't be successful when there's a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where

41、 the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately, we've all been victims of betrayal. Whether we've been stolen from, lied to, misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can't trust anymore. 37._ It's understandab

42、le, but if you're willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.· 38._ Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well­being.· 39._ If you've bee

43、n betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there's a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, we'll have our trust tested or violated.· You didn't lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Ins

44、tead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40._ Instead, it's a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.ALearn to really trust yourself.BIt is

45、putting confidence in someone.CStop regarding yourself as the victim.DRemember that you can expect the best in return.EThey've been too badly hurt and they can't bear to let it happen again.FThis knowledge carries over in their attitude towards their future relationships.GSeeing the positive

46、 side of things doesn't mean you're ignoring what happened.【要點綜述】 文章主要討論了失去信任后人們該如何再次建立信任這一話題。36B根據(jù)前一句“Trust is a learned behaviour that we gain from past experiences.”可知選B。選項B中的it代指上文出現(xiàn)的trust。37E 根據(jù)前句“Sometimes people simply can't trust anymore.”可知他們受到了嚴重的傷害且不能忍受再次發(fā)生這樣的事情。故選E。38A根據(jù)后句“Ha

47、ving confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well­being.”可知此段主要講述要學會相信自己。故選A。39C根據(jù)后句“If you've been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance.”可知此段主要講述不要一直認為自己是受害者。故選C。40G根據(jù)前一句“Instead of looking at the sit

48、uation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.”和后一句“Instead, it's a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.”可知，我們既要看到事情積極的方面，也不要忽視所發(fā)生的事情。故選G。第三部分英語知識運用 (共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共

49、20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。B12015·全國卷 My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “ _41_ my job. Family to Feed.”At this store, a _42_ like this is not normal. My 10­

50、;year­old noticed him and made a _43_ on how bad it must be to have to stand _44_ in the cold wind.In the store, I asked each of my kids to _45_ something they thought our “friend” there would _46_. They got apples, a sandwich and a bottle of juice. Then my 17­year­old suggested givin

51、g him a _47_. I thought about it. We were _48_ on each ourselves, butwell, sometimes _49_ from our need instead of our abundance is _50_ what we need to do! All the kids _51_ something they could do away with for the week.When we handed him the bag of _52_， he lit up and thanked us with _53_ eyes. W

52、hen I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for _54_his family might need, he burst into tears.This has been a wonderful _55_ for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can _56_！ Things would have played out so _57_ if I had simply said, “No, we really don't hav

53、e _58_ to give more.” Stepping out not only helped a brother in _59_， it also gave my kids the _60_ taste of helping others. It'll go a long way with them.41. ALost BChanged CQuit DFinished42. Acondition Bplace Csight Dshow43. Asuggestion Bcomment Cdecision Dcall44. Aoutside Bproudly Cby Dangril

54、y45. Adraw Bsay Carrange Dpick46. Aorder Bsupply Cappreciate Ddiscover47. Adollar Bjob Chot meal Dgift card48. Aeasy Blow Csoft Dloose49. Agiving Bsaving Cspending Dbegging50. Ayet Beven Cstill Djust51. Adeclared Bshared Cignored Dexpected52. Atoys Bmedicine Cfood Dclothes53. Asleepy Bwatery Ccuriou

55、s Dsharp54. Awhoever Bwhatever Cwhichever Dwhenever55. Aexperience Bexample Cmessage Dadventure56. Arely on Brespect Clearn from Dhelp57. Asuddenly Bvividly Cdifferently Dperfectly58. Atime Bpower Cpatience Dmoney59. Afear Blove Cneed Dmemory60. Astrong Bsweet Cstrange Dsimple【要點綜述】 本文是一篇記敘文。作者在周末帶孩

56、子們?nèi)コ?，在路上看到一個需要幫助的人。在超市里作者和孩子們買了許多東西給這個需要幫助的人。41A lose失去；change改變；quit放棄；finish完成。lose one's job失業(yè)。在路上，“我們”注意到一個男人舉著一張紙，紙上寫著：“失業(yè)，需要養(yǎng)家。” 故選A。42C condition狀況；place地方；sight情景；show展示。在這家商店，像這樣的場景并不正常。故選C。43B suggestion建議；comment評論；decision決定；call電話。make a comment on對發(fā)表看法?！拔摇?0歲的孩子注意到他，并評論說在寒風中站在外面一定

57、很糟糕。故選B。44A outside在外面；proudly自豪地；by通過；angrily生氣地。根據(jù)常識可知那個人站在外面，故用outside。故選A。45D draw拉；say說；arrange安排；pick挑選。在商店里，“我”要求每一個孩子挑選一些他們認為“我們”的“朋友”可能會感激的東西。故選D。46C order命令；supply提供；appreciate感激；discover發(fā)現(xiàn)。孩子們挑選出那個“朋友”可能會感激的東西。故選C。47D dollar美元；job工作；hot meal熱的飯菜；gift card禮品卡。根據(jù)下文提示可知，“我”17歲的孩子建議給他一張禮品卡。故選D。48B easy容易的；low低的，不足的；soft柔軟的；loose松的。根據(jù)下句的意思可知這里表示“我們自己也不富?！?。故選B。49A give給予；save節(jié)??；spend花費；beg懇求?！拔覀儭卑选拔覀儭币残枰臇|西給予別人，那正是“我們”真正需要做的。故選A。50D yet然而；even甚至；still仍然；just正好。那正是“我們”需要做的。故選D。51A declare宣告；share分享；ignore忽視；expect期望。所有的孩子都聲明