2014年全國(guó)統(tǒng)一高考英語(yǔ)試卷(全國(guó)一卷)

1、2014年全國(guó)統(tǒng)一高考英語(yǔ)試卷（新課標(biāo)）第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分60分）第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題3分，滿分45分） 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AThe Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity ChallengeDare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity Challeng

2、e. The challenge invites, even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world.Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows w

3、hat they are curious about. To enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue. Cambridge 02139 by Friday, February 8th.Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a spec

4、ial ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st. Guest speaker will also present prizes to the students. Winning entries will be published in a book. Student entries will be exhibit and prizes will be given. Families of those who take part will be included in the celebration and brunch will be ser

5、ved.Between March 10th and March 15th, each winner will be given the specifics of the closing ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration. The program guidelines and other related information are available at: .21. Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge? A. School students B. Cambridge lo

6、cals C. CSF winners D. MIT artists22. When will the prize-giving ceremony be held? A. On February 8th B. On March 10th C. On April 21st D. On March 15th23. What type of writing is this text? A. An exhibition guide. B. An art show review.C. An announcement. D. An official report.BPassenger pigeons（旅鴿

7、）once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers. Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks（群）so large that they darkened the sky for hours.It was calculated that when its population reach its highest point, there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons a

8、 number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant birds in the world. Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller, a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about 515 kilometers) long was seen near

9、Cincinnati.Sadly, the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing. Where the birds were abundant, people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands. Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeons had settled to fee

10、d, then threw large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.By the closing decades of the 19th century, the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by Americans need for wood, which scattered（驅(qū)散）the flocks and

11、 forced the birds to go farther north, where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline. Soon the great flocks were gone, never to be seen again.In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons, but by then, no sizable flocks had been see

12、n in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. For a time, a few birds survived under human care. The last of them, known affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden in September 1, 1914.24. In

13、the 18th and early 19th centuries, passenger pigeons .A. were the biggest bird in the worldB. lived mainly in the south of AmericaC. did great harm to the natural environmentD. were the largest bird population in the US25. The underlined word “undoing” probably refers to the pigeons .A. escape B. ru

14、in C. liberation D. evolution26. What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons? A. To seek pleasure B. To save other birdsC. To make money D. To protect crops27. What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan? A. It was ignored by the public B. It was declared too lateC. It was u

15、nfair D. It was strictCA typical lion tamer（馴獸師）in peoples mind is an entertainer holding a whip （鞭）and a chair. The whip gets all of the attention, but its mostly for show. In reality, its the chair that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lions face, the lion t

16、ries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next. When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair. How often do you find yourself in

17、the same position as the lion? How often do you have something you want to achieve（e.g. lose weight, start a business, travel more）- only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress? This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about w

18、hich option is best, the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information. The end result is that we feel like we cant focus or that were focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be impr

19、oving. It doesnt have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember this: All you need to do is focus on one thing. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, somethi

20、ng you want to accomplish, someone you want to become take immediate action. If youre clear about where you want to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.28. Why does the lion tamer use a chair? A. To show off his skills. B. To trick the lion.C. To get ready

21、for a fight. D. To entertain the audience.29. In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair? A. They feel puzzled over choices. B. They hold on to the wrong things.C. They find it hard to make changed. D. They have to do something for show.30. What is the authors attitude towards the exp

22、erts mentioned in Paragraph 3? A. Tolerant B. Doubtful C. Respectful D. Supportive31. When the world is “waving a chair in your face”, youre advised to .A. wait for a better chance B. break your old habitsC. make a quick decision D. ask for clear guidanceDAs more and more people speak the global lan

23、guages of English, Chinese, Spanish, and Arabic, other languages are rapidly disappearing. In fact, half of the 6,000-7,000 languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). In

24、 an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations- UNESCO and National Geographic among them-have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.Mark Turin, a scientist at the Macmillan Center, Yale University, who specializes in the language

25、s and oral traditions of the Himalayas, is following in that tradition. His recently published book, A Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture, grows out of his experience living, looking and raising a family in a village in Nepal.Documenting the Tan

26、gmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayans reaches of India, Nepal, Bhutan, and China. But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.At the University of Cambri

27、dge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials-including photographs, films, tap recordings, and field notes-which had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection.Now, through the two organizations that he has founded-the Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Literat

28、ure Project-Turin has started a campaign to make such documents, found in libraries and stores around the world, available not just to scholars but to the youngers.Generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected. Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Inte

29、rnet. Turin notes, the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities.32. Many scholars are making efforts to .A. promote global language B. rescue disappearing languagesC. search for language communities D. set up language research organizations33. What does “that traditi

30、on” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Having full records of the languages.B. Writing books on language teaching.C. Telling stories about language users.D. Living with the native speakers.34. What is Turins book based on? A. The cultural studies in India.B. The documents available at Yale.C. His language

31、research in Bhutan.D. His personal experience in Nepal.35. Which of the following best describes Turins work? A. Write, sell and donate. B. Record, repair and reward.C. Design, experiment and report. D. Collect, protect and reconnect.第二節(jié) （共5小題，每小題3分，滿分15分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。The

32、 jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 36 By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.1. CuriosityYour children need to be deeply curious. 37 Ask kids, “What ingredients（配料）can we add to make these pancakes even better next time?” and the

33、n try them out. Did those ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time?2. CreativityTrue creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it. 38 There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create some

34、thing new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.3. Personal skillsUnderstanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know whats going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping to false co

35、nclusions. 39 “Why do you think shes crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?”4. Self Expression 40 There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas-music, acting, drawing, building, photography. You may find tha

36、t your child is attracted by one more than another.A. Encourage kids to cook with you.B. And we cant forget science education.C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.D. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.E. Gardening is another great act

37、ivity for helping kids develop this skill.F. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that dont yet exist?G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.第三部分 英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分55分）第一節(jié) 完形填空（共20 小題；每小題兩分，滿分40分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A，B，C，D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。As a ge

38、neral rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine（常規(guī)）basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 41 at work in people of all42 . For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about 43 with their new toys. But their 44 soon wears off and by January those

39、 45 toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of 46 stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someones 47 interest. When parents bring home a pet, their child48 bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the 49 of caring for the animal i

40、s handed over to the parents. Adolescents enter high school with great 50 but are soon looking forward to51 . The same is true of the young adults going to college. And then, how many 52 , who now complain（抱怨）about the long drives to work, 53 drove for hour at a time when they first 54 their drivers

41、 licenses （執(zhí)照）? Before people retire, they usually 55 to do a lot of 56 things, which they never had 57 to do while working. But 58 after retirement, the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they59 . And, like the child in January, they go sear

42、ching for new 60 .41. A. habitB. principleC. wayD. power42. A. partiesB. racesC. countriesD. ages43. A. workingB. livingC. playingD. going44. A. confidenceB. interestC. anxietyD. sorrow45. A. sameB. extraC. funnyD. expensive46. A. well-organizedB. colorfully-printedC. half-filledD. newly-collected47

43、. A. broadB. passingC. differentD. main48. A. silentlyB. impatientlyC. worriedlyD. gladly49. A. promiseB. burdenC. rightD. game50. A. courageB. calmnessC. confusionD. excitement51. A. graduationB. independenceC. responsibilityD. success52. A. childrenB. studentsC. adultsD. retirees53. A. carefullyB.

44、 eagerlyC. nervouslyD. bravely54. A. requiredB. obtainedC. noticedD. discovered55. A. needB. learnC. planD. start56. A. greatB. strangeC. difficultD. correct57. A. timeB. moneyC. skillsD. knowledge58. A. onlyB. wellC. evenD. soon59. A. lostB. choseC. quitD. left60. A. petsB. toysC. friendsD. colleag

45、ues第二節(jié)（共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（不多于3個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix？In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It 61 （be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 62 （actual）caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of 63 most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.But the river wasnt changed in a few days 64 even a few months. It took years of work 65 （reduce） th