八年級英語UnitHow do you get to school 人教新目標知識精講

1、初二英語Unit 4 How do you get to school? 人教版（新目標）【本講教育信息】一. 教學(xué)內(nèi)容： Unit 4 How do you get to school? 二. 教學(xué)目標： 1. 學(xué)會談?wù)摻煌üぞ吆途嚯x。 2. 學(xué)會合理安排行程，并合理利用交通工具。 3. 學(xué)習(xí)設(shè)計實踐調(diào)查報告中的問題，并提出解決問題的簡單方案。三. 重點詞匯及短語： get to, how far; take a / the bus / subway / train / boat / car, walk, ride a bicycle; bus stop, train / bus / sub

2、way /station; minute, kilometer, mile, transportation, calendar; North America, depend on, worry四. 重點句型： 1. How do you get to school? I ride my bike. How does he get to school? He takes the bus. 2. How long does it take? It takes about forty minutes. 3. Lin Feis home is about 10 kilometers from scho

3、ol. 4. Most students take trains to school, although others also walk or ride their bikes. 5. It depends on where you are. 6. Dont worry. 五. 語法： 1. 對于“how”提問，詢問交通方式，及描述不同的交通方式。 2. 對于“how long”提問詢問時間長短，及用固定句型“It takes sb. some time to do sth”回答或陳述。 3. 對于“how far”提問，詢問距離長短，及相應(yīng)回答。 4. 了解表讓步的連詞“although”

4、意思及用法。 5. 閱讀理解中對出現(xiàn)的定語從句及賓語從句的理解。 6. 閱讀理解中理解形容詞的比較級的含義。六. 重點、難點講解： 1. How do you get to school? I ride my bike. / I walk to school. （1）“how”提問，意為“如何”、“怎樣”。此處詢問交通方式。表示不同交通方式可用本課出現(xiàn)一系列動詞短語，如：ride a bike, take a bus, drive a car, fly to, take the subway, take a train, take a plane, take a boat / ship, wa

5、lk to 等。也可用介詞短語，如：by bus / bike / car / train / plane （air）/ ship, on foot 等，注：此用法在介詞短語前需用動詞作句子主語，如go / come / get to 等，且by后表交通工具的名詞前無任何限定詞，如冠詞the , a/ an 或代詞my / his / this / that 等。 例： He takes the bus to school. = He goes / gets to school by bus. We decided to go there on feet. = We decided to wa

6、lk there. How will you go to England? By air, or maybe by train. Im not quite sure. （2）與“how”有關(guān)的提問總結(jié)如下： How far （詢問距離）多遠；How long（問時間或長度）多久，多長；How many（問數(shù)量，后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式）多少；How much （問不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量，也可問價格）多少；How often（問頻率）多久一次；How soon（指將來時間，時間長短）多久；How about ? （問同上話題，另一情景如何、怎樣后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞，等于What about ? ）征求對方

7、意見怎樣？How do you like? = What do you think of ? （征求對方對某事物的看法）你認為怎樣？ 此外“how”可以引導(dǎo)感嘆句，如：How delicious Chinese dishes are! How nice your new scarf is! How fast he runs! 注：引導(dǎo)感嘆句時語序為：How + adj. / adv. +主語+謂語！ （3）get to 表“到達”，同意短語“arrive in / at ”, reach. 注：在副詞home, here, there前不使用介詞to / in / at 等。 到家：get （

8、back）home, 到那兒：get there 2. It takes about 25 minutes to walk and 10 minutes by bus. （1）固定句型：It took / takes / will take sb. some time to do sth. 表“做某事花去某人多長時間”，動詞take隨時態(tài)變化，it為形式主語，真正主語是句中不定式部分?！皌ake”指“花費（時間）。” 例：It took the builders about 15 years go finish that big project. It takes me half an hou

9、r to get to my office from home every day. Doing homework takes us most of our spare time on schooldays. （2）take指“帶走”時與“bring”（帶來）互為反義詞。 take sb. to 帶某人去某處 例：The early bus takes him to school. （3）短語：take a walk / shower / seat / rest take ones temperature, take medicine 3. Lin Feis home is about 10

10、kilometers from school. be +距離（away）from“距離多遠”。 4. He has a quick breakfast, then he leaves for school. （1）“have”作“吃（飯）”、“喝（飲料）”意思。 have breakfast /lunch /supper 注：三餐飯前無限定詞。 （2）leave for +目的地，指“離開去往某處” The scientists will leave for Antarctic （南極）next Wednesday. 5. The bus ride takes about 25 minutes

11、. “ride”此處的名詞，意為“車程”。ride用作動詞短語：ride a bike / horse騎自行車（騎馬），ride in a bus / ship乘公共汽車（船） 6. In other parts of the world, things are different. other: 后常限可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，意為“其他的，其余的” other: （形容詞）“其它的”，后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) others: （代詞）泛指“他人（物）” the others: （一定范圍中）“其他人（物）”，相當(dāng)于代詞 the other: 用于固定短語“one , the other”“（兩者中）一個另一個

12、” another: （形容詞）“另一個”“另一”，后跟可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，也可能跟復(fù)數(shù)，（代詞）“另一個” 7. “雖然”，“盡管”，表讓步連詞，常引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。注，不可與but在一句話中前后同時使用。 Although / Though he is the youngest, he is the most hard-working student in his class. 8. depend on / upon “依靠，依賴”，后跟名詞、代詞或賓語從句，不定式。 例：In China, it depends on where you are. It depends on how to th

13、ink about it. 對于提問，不能一概回答時，可以用“It depends”來回答，意為“得因情況而論”。例： Do you like reading books or reading on the Internet? It depends. Sometimes I like reading books, sometimes I prefer reading on the Internet. 9. In places where there are rivers and lakes, like Hongshanhu and Kaishandao, students usually go

14、 to school by beat. （1）此句中“where”引導(dǎo)一個定語從句，修飾表地點的名詞“places”。通常“who”引導(dǎo)修飾人的定語從句，that或which引導(dǎo)指物的定語從句，whose指人物關(guān)系。 例：She is the girl who played guitar at the party. He showed us an English story book which is bought in the United States. Kate is talking with her art teacher whose painting is on show in th

15、e city hall. （2）“l(fā)ike”此處為介詞，意為“例如，像”。注意區(qū)分like在文中的詞性。sound like / be like / look, like 短語中“l(fā)ike”為介詞。 10. That must be a lot more fun than taking a bus! （1）“than”表比較連詞，意為“比”“較之于”，前需用形容詞或副詞比較級。 （2）主語“that”指代前文整句話。 11. Dont worry. （1）祈使句否定形式為：Dont + 動詞原形。 （2）worry為動詞，worried為形容詞，worry也可用作名詞，“煩惱、擔(dān)憂”。 例：D

16、ont be late / careless next time. Dont be nervous. Take it easy. 【模擬試題】（答題時間：60分鐘）一. 詞組翻譯。 1. 騎車去上學(xué)_2. 坐地鐵去上班_ 3. 步行去公園_4. 乘公共汽車回家_ 5. 吃一頓快捷的早餐_6. 出發(fā)前往學(xué)校_ 7. 在北美_8. 依靠，依賴_二. 單項選擇。（ ）1. How are they going to the countryside tomorrow, _ bike or _ foot? A. by, byB. on, on C. by, onD. on, by （ ）2. It _

17、about two hours to get to the top of the mountain from the foot of the mountain. A. takeB. takes C. getD. gets（ ）3. How _ is it _ your school to the Childrens Palace? A. long, toB. for, to C. long, fromD. far, from （ ）4. _ do you think of my new hair style? Its very nice. A. WhatB. How C. What about

18、D. How about（ ）5. I have two pen pals. One is from Canada and goes to school by school bus and _ is from Britain and gets to school by car. A. otherB. another C. the otherD. others（ ）6. Are you going camping this weekend with your family? That all _. A. dependB. depend on C. dependsD. depends on （ ）

19、7. _ I didnt like maths at first, I still tried my best to learn it. A. UntilB. When C. IfD. Although（ ）8. Too much _ made her look like an old lady. A. worryB. worried C. worriesD. be worried （ ）9. What time did you _ there last night? At about eight. A. get to B. got to C. getD. getting （ ）10. _ i

20、s it from New York to San Francisco? A. How farB. How long C. How oftenD. How soon （ ）11. The little girl sometimes goes home _ her fathers car. A. byB. in C. atD. for（ ）12. Im sorry. I _ my textbook at home. It doesnt matter. Remember _ it to school tomorrow. A. forget, to takeB. forget, to bring C

21、. left, to takeD. left, to bring （ ）13. Excuse me, where is the nearest post office? Take No. 5 bus and _ at the third bus stop. A. get onB. get off C. get upD. get to （ ）14. The new amusement park is about five kilometers _. A. farB. far away C. away fromD. away （ ）15. Im sad _ tell you the sad new

22、s. A. forB. about C. withD. to三. 完成句子，一空一詞。 1. 我們班大多數(shù)學(xué)生乘校車上學(xué)。 In our class _ _ the students go to school _ school bus. 2. 他們都騎車回家嗎？不，一些人騎車回家。 _they all _ bikes to go home? No, _of them go home _bike. 3. 你覺得北京的交通怎樣？ _do you _ _ the transportation in Beijing? 4. 在世界上的其它地方，人們騎自行車鍛煉。 _other _ of the wor

23、ld, people go bicycling to exercise. 5. 每天寫作業(yè)大約花去我兩個多小時。 _ _ me about two hours _ do the homework. 四. 完形填空： Its the last week of the holidays. Bill wants to take a trip. His uncle 1 at the seashore. Bill wants to visit him. “It will be my 2 chance（機會）to go swimming in the ocean （海洋）this year, ”Bill

24、says to his 3 . “Next month it will be too cold. ” “I dont know, Bill. ”His mother says. “Its a long 4 . ”She looks at her husband. “What do you 5 , Harry? ” “Oh, let him go, Alice, ”Mr White says. “He is fifteen years old. Hes not a 6 , you know. ” “I know hes not a baby, ”says Mrs White. “But ther

25、e are 7 many connections （倒車）to make. He has to take a bus and a train and then another bus. ” “ 8 , Mother, ”says Bill. “Ive made the trip with you and Dad a lot of times. I know the 9 . I wont have any trouble （麻煩）. ” “Let him go, Alice, ”says Mr White again. “ 10 will be a good experience （體驗）for

26、 him. He wont get lost（迷路）. ” 1. A. livesB. standsC. holdsD. stops 2. A. goodB. lastC. firstD. late 3. A. friendsB. parentsC. teachersD. classmates 4. A. timeB. callC. lineD. way 5. A. planB. sayC. thinkD. do 6. A. childB. manC. babyD. boy 7. A. tooB. aC. veryD. just 8. A. PleaseB. SorryC. Hurry upD

27、. Wait 9. A. stationsB. wayC. busD. weather 10. A. ItB. HeC. YouD. They五. 閱讀理解：（A） Traffic is a big problem in many cities around the world. Traffic is especially bad during rush hourthe time when people go to work or school and the time when they go home. Many people take buses, subways, or trains

28、to work, but many other people drive their cars. As a result, the streets are very busy, and traffic is very bad. Many cities are trying to solve their traffic problems. Some cities are building more roads. Other cities are expanding their bus and subway systems. Many cities are trying to reduce the

29、 number of cars on their roads. Some highways have carpool lanesspecial lanes for cars with two, three, or more people. In some cities, people drive their cars only on certain days of the week. For example, in Athens, people with license plate numbers ending in 0 through 4 drive on some days, and pe

30、ople with numbers ending in 5 through 9 drive on other days. Every day around the world, more and more people drive to and from work in more and more cars. As a result, traffic is a global problem. 根據(jù)內(nèi)容，回答問題。 Please write down the solutions（解決方法）of traffic problems according to the passage. 1. _ 2.

31、_ 3. _ （1）_ （2）_（B） Everybody in Portland is talking about the citys new shopping mall. The mall is outside the city, next to the Portland airport. There are more than one hundred stores in the mall. There are two big department stores. There are many clothing stores for men, women, and children. Th

32、ere are a bookstore, and a video store. There are two drugstores, and four restaurants. Theres even a large movie theater. Almost all the people in Portland are happy that their citys new shopping mall is open. But some people arent happy. The owners of the small stores in the old center of town are

33、 very upset. Theyre upset because many people arent shopping in the stores in the center of town. Theyre shopping at the new mall. Notes1. mall大型商場 2. department store百貨商店3. drugstore雜貨店 4. owner擁有者5. upset不安的 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。 1. The new shopping mall is _. A. at the airportB. in the city C. in the ce

34、ntre of townD. outside the city 2. In the mall, there are _. A. two video storesB. two drugstores C. two restaurantsD. two bookstores 3. In the mall, there are _. A. bookstores and games rooms B. restaurants and drugstores C. clothing stores and video stores D. large movie theaters and bookstores 4.

35、 The store owners in the center of town are upset because _. A. people arent shopping in their stores B. people arent shopping at the mall C. their stores are very old D. their stores are very small （C） Juan was the first to see the bus. He shouted and waved （揮手）his hands. The other people in the vi

36、llage came running. Everyone shouted and waved. It was the school bus. This bus did not take children to school. In this village in Mexico （墨西哥）, there were not schools. The bus was the school! The driver of the bus was the teacher. The bus would stay in the village for three months. In the morning,

37、 the teacher gave lessons to the small children. In the afternoon, the big children came. First they worked in the fields. Then they came to school. At night, the fathers and mothers went to the school. They wanted to learn, too. Someday the village will have a real school. But now, the school on wheels is the only school the people have. Why do you think these people are so glad to see the school on wheels? 1. When the bus came to the village, the people _. A. told storiesB. cried and left C. ran awayD. shouted and waved 2. Which