國(guó)際貿(mào)易實(shí)務(wù)英語課后練習(xí)答案

1、Unit oneI. Find in the text the English equivalents for the following: protectionism domestic market interference direct investmentrestriction be first voiced bydominate mercantilismconsume outflow of currencycurrency portfolio investmentII. Fill in the blanks with proper English terms: 1) Merchandi

2、se exports 2) Service exports and imports 3) Merchandise imports4) International trade5) Direct investment (FDI)6) Portfolio investmentIII. Choose a suitable word for each of the blanks in the following paragraph: trade; liberalization; facilitate; competition; increasinglyV. (P10) Translate the fol

3、lowing paragraph into Chinese:一個(gè)國(guó)家出現(xiàn)貿(mào)易盈余或貿(mào)易順差，是指該國(guó)當(dāng)前進(jìn)口貨物和服務(wù)的價(jià)值小于出口貨物和服務(wù)的價(jià)值。在重商主義時(shí)期，這一差值通過轉(zhuǎn)移黃金彌補(bǔ)，但是在今天是通過持有貿(mào)易赤字國(guó)家的貨幣或以該國(guó)貨幣表示的投資來彌補(bǔ)。實(shí)質(zhì)上，盈余國(guó)家在給予赤字國(guó)家信貸。如果此種信貸最終不能買回足夠的貨物和服務(wù)，所謂的貿(mào)易順差結(jié)果實(shí)際上可能對(duì)盈余國(guó)家不利。I. Give the Chinese equivalents for the following English terms: 1) 絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)理論 2）比較優(yōu)勢(shì)理論 3）國(guó)際勞動(dòng)分工 4） 要素稟賦理論 5）土地密集

4、型產(chǎn)品 6）勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)品 7）資本密集新產(chǎn)品 8）獲得優(yōu)勢(shì) 9）天然優(yōu)勢(shì) 10）文化要素差異II. (p18-19) Translate the following sentences into Chinese according to the patterns:1. 即使所有產(chǎn)品都具有絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)的國(guó)家，因其必須放棄產(chǎn)出效率低的產(chǎn)品轉(zhuǎn)而生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)出效率高的產(chǎn)品，也會(huì)從貿(mào)易中獲益。2. 盡管美國(guó)產(chǎn)茶與產(chǎn)麥均有絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)，可它只在麥子生產(chǎn)上具有相對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)，因其產(chǎn)麥的優(yōu)勢(shì)較其產(chǎn)茶的優(yōu)勢(shì)更大。3. 要素稟賦理論認(rèn)為，較豐富的生產(chǎn)要素比相對(duì)稀缺的要素更加廉價(jià)。4. 為了做好國(guó)際貿(mào)易，公司經(jīng)理除需要掌握業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)營(yíng)知

5、識(shí)，還需要掌握基本的社會(huì)科學(xué)知識(shí)。Unit TwoI. (p27) Find out the whole forms of the following short forms:MTO Multilateral Trading GSP Generalized System of PreferenceUNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and DevelopmentWTO World Trade OrganizationMFN Most Favored NationLDC less developed countriesGATT General Ag

6、reement on Tariffs and TradeEC European CommunityIIFill in the blanks with proper words: 1) policies; discourage 2) government 3) 117; 36%; 24% 4) negotiations; to; trade 5) free; would accept/permitI. (p35-36) Identify in the text the English equivalents for the following:prohibitive tariff value a

7、dded taxregulatory tariff ad valorem tariffprotective tariff dutiable priceretaliatory tariff retail pricecountervailing tariff wholesale pricepunitive tax licenseSpecial Drawing Right clandestinerevenue tariff non-tariff barriersgovernment procurement coordinationinfant industry customs valuationII

8、. (p36) Translate the following into Chinese:大多數(shù)國(guó)家目前就估價(jià)的程序達(dá)成了一致。海關(guān)官員首先必須采用發(fā)票金額。若沒有發(fā)票金額或其真實(shí)性可疑的情況下，必須以同類商品價(jià)值為基礎(chǔ)估價(jià)。若找不到同類商品，就必須以基本同時(shí)期進(jìn)海關(guān)的相似產(chǎn)品為基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行估價(jià)。III. Complete the following sentences:1. the customs; import/export goods2. Tariff or duty; under3. dumping; levying anti-dumping tariff4. duty; value5.

9、increasing; imported; gainIV. Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions: of; on; with; from; with; for; to; at; by; atI. (p44) Find in the text the English equivalents for the following:foreign currency retention tariff exemptionpreferential condition monitorexport credit certificatedirect consign

10、ment Generalized System of Preferencetariff union preference-giving countryeconomic union preference-receiving countrycommon market signatory nationprinciple of the place of origin tariff regionfree trade zone regional economic integrationinternational financial market National Commercial Inspection

11、 Bureau and its subordinatesII. (p44-45) Translate the following into Chinese:進(jìn)出口數(shù)量限制最常見的形式是配額（制度）。從進(jìn)口角度講，配額頻頻使用的目的是為了限制某一特定年份所允許進(jìn)口產(chǎn)品的數(shù)量。這一數(shù)量常常反映出國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)廠商在特定年份擁有國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)中一定份額的保障（額度）。很多年來，美國(guó)進(jìn)口糖配額使美國(guó)（國(guó)內(nèi)）糖業(yè)生產(chǎn)廠商占據(jù)了近一半國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)。III. (P45) Find a suitable term to fill in each of the following blanks:1) Economic Unio

12、n 2) A free trade zone3) the average tax refunding 4) total tariff exemption5) Form A6) GSP7) encourage export production8) justifiableUnit Three I. (p51) Give the Chinese equivalents for the following English terms:1) 固有/內(nèi)在屬性2) 光澤、款式、結(jié)構(gòu)3) 適銷性4) 社會(huì)屬性5) 適用性6) 耐用性7) 衛(wèi)生8) 以消毒/殺菌II. Translate the follow

13、ing, paying attention to the underlined terms:1) Not only should we take into consideration the intrinsic quality and outer form or shape, but also individual consumer tastes.2) To strengthen the competitiveness of Chinas export commodities, we must improve their quality.3) 日本質(zhì)量管理方法稱為“全面質(zhì)量管理”(TQM)，是

14、日本公司為達(dá)到質(zhì)量要求所遵循的程序。4) 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力戰(zhàn)略應(yīng)優(yōu)先考慮以下四方面：效率/成本、可靠性、質(zhì)量和靈活性。5) 在日本，質(zhì)量是指“產(chǎn)品上乘，顧客不會(huì)想到轉(zhuǎn)向其它賣家”。III. Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions:to; in; in; of; by; on; in; withoutI. (p55) Give the Chinese equivalents and explain them in simple English:1) 檢驗(yàn)銷售2) 代表性樣品3) 參考樣品4) 復(fù)樣5) 產(chǎn)權(quán)6) 技術(shù)資源7) 對(duì)等樣品8) 商檢II. (P6

15、0) Translate the following into Chinese: 規(guī)格 修改修訂 維修/保養(yǎng) 保質(zhì)期/質(zhì)保期 精選 水產(chǎn)品 補(bǔ)充 仲裁 示意圖/ 圖紙 消費(fèi) 安裝 相關(guān)部門奢侈食品 跨國(guó)公司III. Put the following into English: quality first quality reliable products customer first quality inspection system quality indicator superior quality correspond with samples not the same as the

16、sample intangible assets famous brand productsstrong and pliable booklet/manualIV. Find a proper word for each blank: select; location; largest; northern; conscious; terms; attract; fast; afford; earningsI. (p64) Give the Chinese equivalents to the following English terms:1) 允許誤差 2）質(zhì)量公差3）可變范圍4）靈活性5）

17、鴨絨含量II. Translate the following sentences into Chinese according to the hints:1) 某些部件是定制的，需要買賣雙方的工程技術(shù)人員多次談判才能確立正確的規(guī)格。2) 一些優(yōu)等蔬菜、水果在消費(fèi)品市場(chǎng)上打開了銷路。3) 汽車旅館是服務(wù)周到的范例，可視為一種不同的消費(fèi)產(chǎn)品。一些疲勞的駕駛者總是滿意于入住的第一家汽車旅館，圖的是方便。Unit Four I. (P71) Here given in the following are short forms for some units of measure and weight

18、. Please give the complete form of each.t ton oz ounce lb poundmi mile yd yard gal gallonkm kilometer kg kilogram g gramsq m square metre bu bushel l litreII. (p72) Fill in the blanks with proper propositions in the following paragraphs:in; by; by; by; in; in; in; for; in; of; in; in; of; on; of; fo

19、rI. (p76) Find in the text the English equivalents for the following:gross weight price fluctuationnet weight computed tareconditioned weight unit weight moisture content customary tarenet net weight theoretical weightreal tare more or less clauseaverage tare uniform customs and practice (UCP) for d

20、ocumentary creditlegal weightII. Find English expressions of the underlined parts in the following:Related laws in Britain stipulate that if the seller delivers a quantity of goods less than agreed, the buyer may reject the delivery. If the seller delivers a quantity greater than that called for in

21、the contract, the buyer may only accept the agreed quantity but reject the excess portion, or reject the entire delivery. However, United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) stipulates that the buyer may take delivery or refuse to take delivery of part or whole

22、 of the excess quantity, but in the case of under-delivery, the seller may make up any deficiency in the quantity of the goods delivered before the date for delivery, provided that the exercise of this right does not cause the buyer unreasonable inconvenience or unreasonable expanse.III. Translate t

23、he following sentences into Chinse:1) 日本二戰(zhàn)前主要出口生絲、綠茶、棉織物、陶瓷品和玩具等，但是戰(zhàn)后日本重工業(yè)的發(fā)展給出口結(jié)構(gòu)帶來了巨大變化，轎車、鋼鐵和船舶等的出口貨值相當(dāng)龐大。2) 雖然最近估計(jì)的中國(guó)外債和之前估計(jì)相比少得多，但是中國(guó)確實(shí)還將大舉借債為現(xiàn)代化融資。3) 降價(jià)的確吸引顧客，所以營(yíng)銷人員經(jīng)常利用臨時(shí)性降價(jià)來加速把新產(chǎn)品打入市場(chǎng)。4) 廣告的首要任務(wù)是引起注意，若達(dá)不到這一效果，有多少人看到或聽到廣告都沒有用處。5) 銷售代表可能整個(gè)周末都在思考和計(jì)劃如何做好下周一半小時(shí)的產(chǎn)品推介會(huì)。Unit Five I. (p83) Translate

24、the following into Chinese:裸裝貨 單體運(yùn)輸包裝散裝貨 集合運(yùn)輸包裝包裝貨 運(yùn)輸包裝壇子 集裝袋/軟包裝箱 麻袋柳條/板箱 捆托盤/貨盤 包轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)區(qū)域 桶桶 鐵罐IV（p85）Put the following into English:glass container fluid material fresh or live goods air circulationpacking material oversizedoverweighted stipulate explicitly thatI. (p86) Find in the text the English e

25、quivalents to the following terms:consuming/consumer taste gift packingprettify products/commodities portable packingnational customs transparent packingcreative design suspensible packingII. (P86) Translate the following sentences into English:1) In the selection of packing material and its design,

26、 what should be considered is the quality and value of goods.2) High-end goods should go with corresponding packing, which adds to their superiority.3) Packing low-end commodities with expensive material will increase cost excessively, and thus affect their sales.4) However, too much emphasis attach

27、ed to cost-effectiveness and clothing high-end commodities in cheap packing material can also affect sales.I. (p91) Give the Chinese equivalents to the following terms:模印 識(shí)別姓名首字母 指示性標(biāo)志/嘜頭收件人/收貨人 保險(xiǎn)單據(jù)發(fā)票 幾何圖形轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn) 核實(shí)/確認(rèn)簡(jiǎn)稱 陸路共同點(diǎn)通用產(chǎn)品代碼 尺寸指定品牌 腐蝕性物品放射性物品 易燃品III. (P92) Translate the following sentences into

28、Chinese:1） 包裝必須適合海運(yùn)，足夠結(jié)實(shí)，能耐粗暴搬運(yùn)。2） 打包件需壓實(shí)，內(nèi)襯防水保護(hù)，在以高品質(zhì)帆布包裹，外加箍帶，捆包成件。3） 包裝箱或其它外包裝外形總體尺寸應(yīng)保持最小，充分保護(hù)貨物即可。4） 包裝件的兩面和上下其中一端都必須以大號(hào)普通字體用優(yōu)質(zhì)油墨模印出全套嘜頭和運(yùn)輸號(hào)。5） 所有打包件都須標(biāo)注有“勿鉤”字樣。Unit 6I. (p102) Find in the text the English equivalents to the following:export goods inspection liabilityFOB liner terms customs clea

29、ranceFOB under tackle trimmingmulti-modal transportation ships railinland waterway stowageII. (P102) Translate the following passage into Chinese:鐵路運(yùn)輸時(shí)，如果貨物數(shù)量達(dá)到乘車皮，賣方須以適當(dāng)?shù)姆绞窖b載車皮或裝載集裝箱。鐵路方或代表鐵路方的另一方接收已裝載貨車皮或已裝載集裝箱后，交付完成。當(dāng)貨物數(shù)量未達(dá)到整車皮或集裝箱整箱裝時(shí)，賣方在鐵路收貨處移交了貨物或?qū)⒇浳镅b入由鐵路方提供的裝載工具中后，交付完成。I. (P108) Find in the c

30、ontext the English equivalents to the following terms: unloading charges effect insurance CFR ex tackle CFR ex ships hold documentary transactions liner CFR liner terms symbolic deliveryII. (p109) Translate the following sentences into Chinese:1) 訂立保險(xiǎn)合同應(yīng)找保險(xiǎn)承銷商或有良好聲譽(yù)的保險(xiǎn)公司。2) 可轉(zhuǎn)讓提單須包含合同貨物；提單簽發(fā)日期在約定裝運(yùn)期

31、內(nèi)；能讓買方在目的地從承運(yùn)人手中提取貨物。3) 有時(shí)候在貨物貿(mào)易中，貨物在海運(yùn)途中被買走，在這種情況下，貿(mào)易術(shù)語后要加上“路貨”字樣。4) 若按CFR和CIF貿(mào)易術(shù)語成交，貨物滅失或破損的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)（此時(shí)）已經(jīng)由賣方轉(zhuǎn)移到了買方。5) 運(yùn)輸合同確定有關(guān)移交貨物給承運(yùn)人運(yùn)輸過程中發(fā)運(yùn)人或托運(yùn)人的義務(wù)。III(p109) Please complete the following sentences:1) freight is paid with C terms2) the buyer3) the buyer4) the buyer5) C & F terms6) US $ 11.0007) Carri

32、age Paid to ( Named Place of Destination); Cost and Freight; Cost, Insurance and FreightI. (P117) Give the Chinese equivalents to the following English terms:邊境交貨目的港船上交貨目的港碼頭交貨目的地完稅交貨目的地未完稅交貨II. Fill in the blanks with proper words:1) formalities; payable 2) sufficient; delivery 3) communicate; refe

33、rred toIV. Translate the following into Chinese:1） 貿(mào)易術(shù)語受incoterms1990約束，并遵照其解釋。2） 以FOB（裝運(yùn)港船上交貨）計(jì)價(jià)，含5%傭金。3） 成本、保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)加運(yùn)費(fèi)紐約交貨價(jià)，每打20美元CIF，含傭金3%；傭金在賣方收到全部應(yīng)收貨款后給付。4） 溫哥華裝運(yùn)港船上交貨價(jià)，每公噸1200美元FOB，含平艙理艙費(fèi)；總價(jià)1,200,000美元。5） 以裝運(yùn)期內(nèi)三個(gè)月倫敦金屬交易所99.85%高等級(jí)錫價(jià)賣方上午均價(jià)為基礎(chǔ)，（按純度）分別為：99.95%加9.00美元99.90%加5.00美元99.85%減3.00美元 5）合同訂立后不

34、得調(diào)整價(jià)格。IV. Judge whether the following price terms are correct or not. If not, why?1） 錯(cuò)誤。未明確貨幣（改為：US$ 3.50）2） 錯(cuò)誤。未明確貨幣（改為：Sterling 300）3） 錯(cuò)誤。未明確重量單位（改為：per m/t）4） 錯(cuò)誤。未明確貿(mào)易術(shù)語（改為：FF 650 per dozen CIF Marseille less than 1% discount）5） 正確。V. Translate the following sentences into English, using the term

35、s given:1) When the contract enters into force, the price clause herein shall bind upon both parties no matter whether the exchange rate fluctuates or not.2) When the contract is signed, any change in freight and additional import tax should be covered by the buyer.3) In case cost of raw material ch

36、anges before delivery, the buyer is entitled to adjust the price.4) Calculation of commission and discount is usually based on the invoice value of goods.Unit Seven I. (P129) Fill in the blanks with proper words from the text above:1) contracted; physical 2) Symbolic; transfer 3) upon; before; expir

37、es; claims 4) cigarette leaves; get damp 5) CPT; departure 6) unload; of; before; first 7) boat; deliver 8) name of the country; sameII. Translate the following into English:1) Shipment shall be made 30 days after the receipt of L/C which shall reach the seller not later than the stipulated date.2)

38、Shipment from Dalian to Tokyo, with transshipment and partial shipment prohibited.3) The seller shall notify the buyer by telegram specifying shipping quantity, invoice value, name of the vessel, loading port and expected date of departure, so that the buyer can effect insurance.III. Please write ou

39、t the technical Chinese versions of the following sentences:1) 目的港：安特衛(wèi)普、阿姆斯特丹、漢堡，買方任選。2) 買方須于船只預(yù)定抵達(dá)第一個(gè)卸貨港五天前通告承運(yùn)人確定的目的港并承擔(dān)由此產(chǎn)生的擇港費(fèi)用。3) 承運(yùn)人在運(yùn)輸全程中負(fù)責(zé)貨物運(yùn)輸?shù)陌踩?) 貨物裝運(yùn)后，并且賣方已獲得必需單據(jù)，我們可以說賣方按照象征性交貨已完成交貨任務(wù)。I. (p137) Find in the text the equivalence for the following terms: oil tanker voyage charter lighter a

40、board ship time charter roll on/roll off ship demise charter sailing schedule charter party weight ton charged by ad valerom measurement ton bunker adjustment factor demurrage liners freight tariff dispatch money stowing and trimming currency adjustment factor transshipment surchargeport congestion

41、surcharge loading and unloadingII. Judge whether the following statements are true or false:1) F 2) T 3) F 4) T 5) F 6) TIII. Translate the following sentences into Chinese:1) 班輪運(yùn)費(fèi)包含裝卸費(fèi)用。2) 不止一種運(yùn)輸方式可供選擇時(shí)，我們應(yīng)考慮選用合適的運(yùn)輸方式。3) 班輪公司通常將其船期表刊登在報(bào)紙上或分發(fā)給托運(yùn)人（發(fā)貨人）。4) 租船按定期和/或定程租用。5) 光船租賃中，船主只租給租船人船只，租船人自行招募船員。I.

42、 (P141) Find in the text the equivalents to the following terms:pilferage flat rack containerparcel reefer containersettle the payment steel containerair waybill dry cargo containerfacilitate livestock containerless than container load container yardcontainer load plan collapsible containerfull cont

43、ainer load container freight stationdock receipt (containerized) combined transport receiptII. Explain the following terms in your own words of English:Small sizedifferent modes of transportcontainer for unpacked goodscontainer in which garments are hanginga yard where containers are storedIII. Tran

44、slate the following into Chinese:1) 集裝箱費(fèi)用有多種，其中有各項(xiàng)附加費(fèi)用。在基本費(fèi)率和附加費(fèi)率的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步計(jì)算得出集裝箱運(yùn)費(fèi)。2) 集裝箱運(yùn)費(fèi)率是按特定的運(yùn)費(fèi)率對(duì)一個(gè)集裝箱所裝貨物所收取的費(fèi)用。3) 某些集裝箱承運(yùn)人對(duì)班輪運(yùn)價(jià)表里貨物等級(jí)低于8級(jí)的貨物以8級(jí)運(yùn)費(fèi)率收取運(yùn)費(fèi)。4) 在支付鐵路或空運(yùn)的貨物款項(xiàng)時(shí)，銀行結(jié)算貨款時(shí)通常需要信用證。III. Find another word to explain the italicized word in each expression:1) theft 2) realize 3) loading 4) make

45、 5) foldableI. (P150) Find in the text the English equivalents to the following terms: air waybill direct B/L received for shipment B/L transshipment B/L negotiable freight to collect blank endorsement original short form B/L consignee through B/L shipper/consignor groupage B/L long form B/L order B

46、/L on board B/L clean B/L combined transport B/L special endorsement multi-modal transport documentsII. (omit)III. Put the following into English:1) The clauses printed on the back of a B/L stipulate the rights, obligations and exemptions of the carrier and the consignor.2) The B/Ls issued by shippi

47、ng companies generally stipulate that the B/L be governed by the law of the carriers country.3) Since the carrier includes both the ship owner and the charterer, the name of the country whose laws and regulations apply is generally specified when a B/L is issued.IV. Replace the italicized words with

48、 suitable terms from the text above:1) rate 2) liabilities/obligations; consignor 3) consignee; duplicates 4) vessel 5) discharge portUnit 8 I. (P159) Find in the text the English equivalents to the following terms:insured general averageinsured amount salvage chargesextraneous risks insurance polic

49、yconstructive total loss perils of the seasue and labor charges fortuitous accidentsinsurer particular averagepremium loss evaluation chargesII. Judge whether the following statements are true or false:1)T 2) F 3) F 4)T 5) T 6)T 7)FIII. Put the following into English:1) Goods for marine transport sh

50、ould generally be put into the ships hold.2) Insurance companies do not insure goods that should have been put in the ships hold but are actually placed on deck.3) When goods are insured according to clauses intended for goods in the ships hold, but actually placed on deck, the insurance company is

51、not liable to compensate for the losses incurred.4) Some goods that are so bulky to be placed in the ships hold or so toxic as to be placed on deck only, may be insured with the permission of the insurer.5) On deck risk covers only the risk of goods dropping into the sea and does not cover the risks of rain damage or sea water damping.I. (p168) Put the following into Chinese:1) 海上貨物運(yùn)輸險(xiǎn) 2）戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)險(xiǎn)3）基本險(xiǎn)承保范圍 4）附加險(xiǎn)承保范圍 5）水漬險(xiǎn)6）賠付7）中國(guó)保險(xiǎn)條款8）偷盜、提貨不著險(xiǎn)9）串味10）陸上運(yùn)輸險(xiǎn)11）郵運(yùn)包裹保險(xiǎn)12）平安險(xiǎn)13）運(yùn)輸契約14）航空運(yùn)輸貨物保險(xiǎn)15）倉(cāng)對(duì)倉(cāng)條款16）受熱受潮險(xiǎn)17）淡水雨淋險(xiǎn)18）混雜玷污險(xiǎn)II. Combine each of