模具專業(yè)外文文獻(xiàn)最新

1、濟南大學(xué)泉城學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文資料翻譯題 目 現(xiàn)代快速經(jīng)濟制造模具技術(shù) 專 業(yè) 機械制造及其自動化 班 級 專升本1302班 學(xué) 生 劉計良 學(xué) 號 2013040156 指導(dǎo)教師 劉彥 二一 五 年 三月 十六 日Int J Adv Manuf Technol ,(2011) 53:110DOI 10.1007/s00170-010-2796-yModular design applied to beverage-container injection moldsMing-Shyan Huang & Ming-Kai HsuReceived: 16 March 2010 / Accep

2、ted: 15 June 2010 / Published online: 25 June 2010# Springer-Verlag London Limited 2010Modular design applied to beverage-container injection moldsThe Abstract: This work applies modular design concepts to designating beverage-container injection molds. This study aims to develop a method of control

3、ling costs and time in relation to mold development, and also to improve product design. This investigation comprises two parts: functional-ity coding, and establishing a standard operation procedure, specifically designed for beverage-container injection mold design and manufacturing. First, the in

4、jection mold is divided into several modules, each with a specific function. Each module is further divided into several structural units possessing sub-function or sub-sub-function. Next, dimen-sions and specifications of each unit are standardized and a compatible interface is constructed linking

5、relevant units. This work employs a cup-shaped beverage container to experimentally assess the performance of the modular design approach. The experimental results indicate that the modular design approach to manufacturing injection molds shortens development time by 36% and reduces costs by 19 23%

6、compared with the conventional ap-proach. Meanwhile, the information on modularity helps designers in diverse products design. Additionally, the functionality code helps effectively manage and maintain products and molds.Keywords :Beverage container、 Injection mold、 Modular design、Product family1.In

7、troductionRecently, growing market competition and increasingly diverse customer demand has forced competitors to increase the speed at which they deliver new products to the market. However, developing a mold for mass produc-tion requires considering numerous factors, including product geometry, di

8、mensions, and accuracy, leading to long product development time. Introducing modular design concepts into product design appears a key mean of facilitating product development, since it increases design flexibility and shortens delivery time 14. Mean-while, a high level of product modularity enhanc

9、es product innovativeness, flexibility, and customer services 5.Modularity is to subdivide a complex product into modules that can be independently created and then are easily used interchangeably 6, 7. There are three general fields where modularity could be implemented including modularity in desi

10、gn (MID), modularity in use (MIU), and modularity in production (MIP) 8. MID involves stan-dardizing basic structural units which perform specific functions, thus facilitating flexible assembly of various products 9, 10. MID can reveal product structure, namely the relationship among different produ

11、cts. Related products are termed product family and include both basic and specific functions. Developing product families offers benefits in terms of multi-purpose design and thus reduces production costs 11, 12. MIU is consumer-driven decom-position of a product with a view to satisfying the ease

12、of use and individually. MIP enables the factory floor to pre-combine a large number of components into modules and these modules to be assembled off-line and then brought onto the main assembly line to be incorporated into a small and simple series of tasks.MID has been broadly applied to numerous

13、areas and has exerted significant effects in terms of cost reduction and design diversity 13, 14. However, there is limited empirical research that has applied modular design to molds 1518. This study thus aims to reduce mold development time by applying modular design and develop a standard operati

14、on procedure for designing beverage-container injection molds, which are characterized by scores or even hundreds of components.2.General procedures of designing injection moldsBasically, an injection mold set consists of two primary components, the female mold and the male mold. The molten plastic

15、enters the cavity through a sprue in the female mold. The sprue directs the molten plastic flowing through runners and entering gates and into the cavity geometry to form the desired part. Sides of the part that appear parallel with the direction of the mold opening are typically angled slightly to

16、ease rejection of the part from the mold. The draft angle required for mold release is primarily dependent on the depth of the cavity and the shrinkage rate of plastic materials. The mold is usually designed so that the molded part reliably remains on the male mold when it opens. Ejector pins or eje

17、ctor plate is placed in either half of the mold, which pushes the finished molded product or runner system out of a mold. The standard method of cooling is passing a coolant through a series of holes drilled through the mold plates andconnected by hoses to form a continuous pathway. The coolant abso

18、rbs heat from the mold and keeps the mold at a proper temperature to solidify the plastic at the most efficient rate. To ease maintenance and venting, cavities and cores are divided into pieces, called inserts. By substituting interchangeable inserts, one mold may make several variations of the same

19、 part.General mold design process contains two parts 19: part design and mold design. The part design process contains five major procedures: defining main pulling direction, defining core and cavity, calculating shrinkage rate, defining draft angle, and then defining parting line. The mold design p

20、rocess mainly includes choosing a mold base, positioning the molded part, designing core and cavity, designing components, designing coolant channels, creating returning pin, adding ejector pin, creating gate and runner, adding locating ring and sprue bushing in sequence.3. Applying modular design f

21、or beverage containersThis study applies modular design to beverage-container injection molds via a five stage process, as follows: (1) product classification and machine specifications, (2) division of injection molds into modules based on func-tionality, (3) division of individual modules into mul

22、tiple units with sub-functions, and the relationship between design and assembly for each unit, (4) standardization of structural units, and (5) coding of standard structural units. These individual processes are detailed below. Clamping plateClamping moduleFemale mold baseMale mold baseManifoldHot-

23、runner moduleHot-tip bushingHot tip A beverage-containerFemale mold inserthot-runner injection moldCup base female mold insertMolding moduleMale cooling baseMale mold insertAir ejectorLeader pinGuiding moduleLeader pin bushing CostDuration of modular molddevelopment processCostDuration of convention

24、al molddowndevelopment processHighly efficient processdeliveryMaterialsmachiningCNCMillingTurningtreatmentHeatproduct-SemiEDMcuttingWirePolishingTextureProductTimeConventional mold development processReduction of working hoursModular mold developmentprocessFig. 2 Comparison of conventional and modul

25、ar mold development processes3.1 Product classification and machine specificationsThis step classifies all of the beverage containers based on their geometry and dimensions, and selects the machine with the most suitable specifications for production. There are five major qualifications for an injec

26、tion molding machine, including sufficient mold clamping force, suffi-cient theoretical shot volume, sufficient distance between tie bars, sufficient range of mold thickness, and sufficient mold clamping stroke.3.2 Division of injection molds into modules based on functionalityThis step divides a mo

27、ld set into several modules with individual functions. The principles of division include general rule, division rule, applicability rule, and inter-change rule. In general rule, modules must contain all the functions of beverage-container injection molds. In division rule, each functional module mu

28、st contain at least one fundamental function and each unit must fulfill its own specific functions. As to applicability rule, units fulfilling a single function are preferred. For interchange rule, funda-mental units should be interchangeable among modules after dividing molds into product families.

29、3.3 Division of a module into multiple unitswith sub-function and the relationship between design and assembly for each unit Figure 1 illustrates the structure of a beverage-container mold that includes several functional modules. The func-tions of individual modules are further extended to the stru

30、ctural unit via sub-functions or sub-sub-functions. The divided modules include clamping module, hot-runner module, molding module, ejecting module, and guiding module. The clamping module functions for precisely positioning individual units and modules on an injection molding machine. The hot-runne

31、r module is to maintain the flowability of molten plastics via heating. The molding module controls the geometry and dimensional accuracy of injection-molded parts. The ejecting module ejects injection-molded parts from the mold cavity. The guiding module works for accurately positioning the female

32、and male molds during mold closing. Geometrical design of structural elementsStandard structural elements are prepared into semi-finished products that fulfill the geometrical outlines of finished products, thus significantly shortening manufacturing mold delivery time. Figure 2 illustrates the comp

33、arison between the modularity design mold development process and the conventional process. Standard structural elements are fast to produce since they are pre-manufactured into general shapes and require minimal manufacturing to yield a finished product.Figure 3 shows the geometrical design of the

34、beverage containers examined in this study. The mold insert that best correspondents with the product shape has a simple geometrical shape. For example, the cylinder and the cuboid represent cup-type and basin-type containers, respectively. The remaining components are modularized to facilitate thei

35、r effective integration into a complete set of injection molds in a manner similar to stacking playing blocks.Int J Adv Manuf Technol ,(2011) 53:110DOI 10.1007/s00170-010-2796-yModular design applied to beverage-container injection moldsMing-Shyan Huang & Ming-Kai HsuReceived: 16 March 2010 / Ac

36、cepted: 15 June 2010 / Published online: 25 June 2010# Springer-Verlag London Limited 2010Modular design applied to beverage-container injection molds摘要：這項工作采用模塊化的設(shè)計理念，以設(shè)計飲料容器注塑模具為例。這項研究的目的是以模具開發(fā)為例，控制有關(guān)的生產(chǎn)成本和時間，并且還提高產(chǎn)品設(shè)計的方法。本次調(diào)查由兩部分組成：功能性調(diào)查，并建立標(biāo)準(zhǔn)作業(yè)的程序，并為飲料容器注塑模具的設(shè)計和制造做好準(zhǔn)備。首先，注模被分成多個模塊，每個部分都具有特定的功能。每

37、個模塊被進(jìn)一步分成幾個結(jié)構(gòu)單元具有子功能或子子功能。接下來，操作每個單元的接口連接構(gòu)造有關(guān)部件。這項工作中使用的杯形的飲料容器，以實驗評估的模塊化設(shè)計方法的作為依據(jù)。實驗結(jié)果表明，該模塊化設(shè)計方法來制造注塑模具縮短開發(fā)時間的36，并減少了與傳統(tǒng)的AP-proach相比19 23的成本。同時，模塊化的信息可以幫助設(shè)計人員在不同的產(chǎn)品設(shè)計。此外，該功能代碼可以幫助有效地管理和維護(hù)產(chǎn)品和模具。關(guān)鍵詞：空白飲料容器、注塑模具、模塊化設(shè)計。1.引言最近，越來越多的市場競爭和日益多樣化的客戶需求已經(jīng)迫使競爭對手在競爭中處于劣勢，以增加在他們提供新的產(chǎn)品推向市場的速度。然而，全國大規(guī)模的開發(fā)生產(chǎn)模具需要考慮

38、許多因素，包括產(chǎn)品的幾何形狀，尺寸和精度，從而導(dǎo)致比較長的產(chǎn)品開發(fā)時間。引入模塊化的設(shè)計理念融入產(chǎn)品設(shè)計中出現(xiàn)有利于產(chǎn)品發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵因素，因為它增加了設(shè)計的靈活性，縮短交貨時間1-4。產(chǎn)品模塊化高水平提高也增加了產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新性，柔韌性，和客戶服務(wù)5。模塊化是將一個復(fù)雜的產(chǎn)品可以細(xì)分很多部分并分別獨立地創(chuàng)建，然后模塊易于互換使用6,7。一般有三種，其中模塊化可以實現(xiàn)包括模塊化設(shè)計（MID），模塊化使用（MIU），和模塊的生產(chǎn)（MIP）8。 MID它執(zhí)行特定功能的基本結(jié)構(gòu)單元，從而有利于各種產(chǎn)品的組合裝配9,10。 MID可揭示產(chǎn)品的結(jié)構(gòu)，即不同的產(chǎn)品之間的關(guān)系。相關(guān)產(chǎn)品被稱為產(chǎn)品系列，其中包括基本編號

39、和具體功能。開發(fā)的產(chǎn)品系列提供福利的多用途設(shè)計方面，從而降低生產(chǎn)成本11，12。 MIU是一個產(chǎn)品，以滿足使用的方便性和單獨地消費驅(qū)動DECOM位上。 MIP使工廠車間預(yù)先結(jié)合了大量的部件成模塊和這些模塊進(jìn)行組裝離線再運到主組裝線被納入一個小而簡單的一系列組裝任務(wù)。MID已被廣泛應(yīng)用于許多領(lǐng)域，并在降低成本和設(shè)計上體現(xiàn)出的多樣性13，14方面顯著影響。但是，僅限于已應(yīng)用于模塊化設(shè)計，模具15-18實證研究。因此本研究的目的是通過施加的模塊化設(shè)計，以減少模具的開發(fā)時間和開發(fā)用于設(shè)計飲料容器注塑模具，其特征是幾十甚至幾百個組件的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)操作步驟。2.設(shè)計注塑模具的一般程序基本上，注射模具組由兩個主要部分組成，在定模和動模。熔化的塑料通過在動模澆口進(jìn)入型腔。澆道引導(dǎo)熔融塑料流過流道和進(jìn)入澆口，并進(jìn)入型腔的幾何形狀以形成所需的部分。出現(xiàn)與模具開口的方向平行的部分的兩側(cè)，通常成角度稍稍緩解拒絕將部件從模具。所需的脫模角度主