飛機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)類常用英漢詞匯

1、飛機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)類常用英漢詞匯飛機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu) aircraft structure 單翼機(jī)monoplane 多翼機(jī) multiplane艦載飛機(jī) shipplane雪上飛機(jī) ski-plane水上飛機(jī) aerohydroplane；seaplane；hydroplane；hydro-airplane低翼low wing 高翼high wing三角形機(jī)翼delta wing前掠的 forwardswept后掠的 backswept后掠角 sweepback；backward sweep；positive sweep大迎角high incidence 機(jī)頭 nose 機(jī)頭下沉 nose heavy機(jī)頭罩 no

2、se fairing機(jī)身 fuselage前機(jī)身 fwd fuselage中前機(jī)身 mid-fwd fuselage中后機(jī)身 mid-aft fuselage后機(jī)身 aft fuselage全機(jī)身 whole fuselage 機(jī)翼 wing翼展 span；wingspread翼展方向spanwise半翼展 semispan襟翼 flap前緣襟翼 leading-edge flap副翼 aileron后緣 T.E. (trailing-edge) 后緣襟翼 trailing-edge flap前緣 L.E.(leading-edge)縫翼 slat前緣縫翼 leading-edge slat襟

3、副翼 flaperon翼尖 wingtip翼梢小翼winglet 翼刀wing fence翼面plane翼片panel安定面 stabilizer水平安定面 horizontal stabilizer；tailplane平尾 horizontal tail（wing）垂直安定面 vertical stabilizer升降舵 elevator垂尾 vertical tail (wing)尾翼 empennage, tail 方向舵 yaw rudder；rudder全動(dòng)式水平尾翼 all-moving horizontal tail機(jī)尾罩 empennage cover 起落架 landing

4、gear主起落架 main landing gear(MLG)前起落架 nose landing gear (NLG)起落架艙門 landing gear door起落架輪艙 landing gear wheel well動(dòng)力裝置 power plant 渦輪turbine渦輪螺漿噴氣發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī) propjet渦輪沖壓式噴氣發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī) turboramjet渦輪噴氣發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī) turbojet渦輪發(fā)電機(jī) turbo-generator渦扇發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī) turbofan engine座椅固定卡臂 seat fixing clamp arm座椅操縱開關(guān) seat control switch座椅導(dǎo)向滑輪seat g

5、uide-pulley 座椅滑軌seat track短艙 nacelle 貨艙 cargo compartment座艙蓋 cockpit cover風(fēng)擋windshield；windscreen氣密艙 pressurized cabin應(yīng)急艙門 emergency door整流罩 fairing翼箱 wing box壁板 panel導(dǎo)流片 Jetevator擾流片 spoiler增升裝置 lift augmentation device操縱面 control surface作動(dòng)筒 ram；actuating cylinder作動(dòng)筒支臂 jack lever防冰系統(tǒng) de-icing syste

6、m/Antiicing system補(bǔ)償片 tab 調(diào)整片 trimmer輻條spoke浮筒 float；pontoon整體油箱 integral fuel tank 地板floor panel斜梁 diagonal spar 龍骨梁 keel beam地板梁 floor beam吊掛 pylon吊掛前梁 pylon front spar吊掛后梁 pylon rear spar吊掛前緣整流罩 pylon leading-edge fairing吊掛后緣整流罩 pylon trailing-edge fairing封閉肋 closing rib輔助梁 auxiliary spar暗箱 dark

7、slide；dark chamber半硬殼式結(jié)構(gòu) semi-monocoque structure靜定結(jié)構(gòu) statically determinant structure靜不定結(jié)構(gòu)(非靜定結(jié)構(gòu)) non-statically determinant structure梁 spar, beam, longeron 腹板 web支架 bracket 柱 column隔框 bulkhead, frame 框 frame鉸鏈 hinge 緣條（凸緣）flange, cap蓋板 cover plate 蒙皮 skin化銑蒙皮 chemical-milled skin 耳片 lug長桁 stringer

8、 桁 boom；girder桁板 flitch 桁架 truss；boom維護(hù)口蓋 access panel；access door加強(qiáng)板 doubler 加強(qiáng)肋 intercostal；stiffener 接頭 fitting板（厚） plate 薄板 sheet 條帶 strap 法蘭邊 flange 加勁件 stiffener 環(huán) ring箍 buckle；collar；ferrule箍帶；箍圈 clamp；clamping ring卡箍 keeper；dog；collar；clamp；clip卡盤 cartridge；chuck 卡抓clamping pawl擋塊dog；stop bl

9、ock擋油板 scraper plate擋油套o(hù)il sealing sleeve 擋油圈oil baffle、安全閥 relief valve；safety valve減輕孔 lightening hole 工具孔 tooling hole銷釘孔 pin hole 盲孔blind hole安裝面fitting surface 安裝角setting angle奧氏體austenite毛坯 blank 鑄件 casting鍛件 forging 鍛工 blacksmith；smith棒材 bar管材 tubing 鈑彎件 former鈑金件 sheet metal 箔材 foil線材 wire型材

10、 section, shape, profile角材 angle 帽型材 hat (section)T型材 T-section 工字梁 I beam盤型件 pan 機(jī)加件 machined part槽型件 channel擠壓型材 extruded section剪切角材 shear angle剪切角片 shear clip拉伸角材 tension angle機(jī)加操作 machining operation 精加工 finish；finishing；smoothing；burnish；refinement粗加工 roughing；rough finishing精密加工的 precision-ma

11、chined車工工藝 turnery車刀 turning tool；lathe tool；gad精車刀 finishing tool 粗車刀 roughing tool；roughing turning tool粗車 rapid rough turning；rough turning車床 lathe；turning lathe；turning machine；turning mill車工 lathe hand；turner車端面 face turning 車螺紋thread cutting；threading車平面 facing；face 車絲刀thread tool車外圓 surfacetu

12、rning 車削turning車削面 turning surface 車錐度taper turning鉗 clip；tongs；holdfast；clamp；clipper鉗工 bench hand；bench work鉗工車間 locksmiths department銑 mill 銑工miller hand；miller銑床 milling machine；mill；miller龍門銑床 gantry milling machine；planer type milling machine立式銑床 vertical milling machine立式鉆床 upright drilling m

13、achine銑鍵槽 keyseat 銑平面face miling銑切深度 milling depth 刨 shave；plane 刨床 planer牛頭刨 shaper 立式牛頭刨 vertical shaper龍頭刨 double housing planer龍門剪床 square shears刨式銑床 planer type miller 刨刀 planer tool刨削 plane；planing；gouging磨；磨削 grinding 磨工車間grindery磨床 grinder；grinding machine磨工 grinder 磨工夾具 grinding attachment磨

14、光 abrade；tumbling；grind；grinding；polish；shine鏜（孔） bore；boring 鏜床 borer；boring machine精鏜 precision boring鏜刀 boring cutter鉸孔 ream;reaming鉸刀 reamer滾刀 hob；hobbing滾齒機(jī) hobbing machine滾花 knurling滾絲機(jī) thread rolling machine滾輪 roller；rolling wheel滾筒 drum；pulley；reel；roll；roller滾銑 hob滾銑法（齒輪的）generating滾壓rollin

15、g pressing滾圓 rolling circle滾軋 roll 退刀紋 ran-out鍛forge；hammering 精鍛件 precision forging 自由鍛件 hand forging模鍛件 molded forging坯鍛 billet鉚接 riveting 焊接 welding膠接 adhesive bonding螺接 bolting 拼接 splice, splicing對接 butt splice搭接 overlap splice锪平 spotfacing埋頭窩countersink鉆孔 drilling鉸孔 reaming填角 fillet 倒角 chamfer鏜

16、孔 boring擴(kuò)孔 counter boring補(bǔ)鉆孔 counter drilling 螺栓頭 bolt head鉚釘頭 rivet head 鐓頭 upset head螺紋 thread 外螺紋 external thread公制 metric system 公制螺紋 metric thread公制錐度；公制退拔 metric taper最小壁厚minimum wall thickness加強(qiáng)槽 beads內(nèi)圓角半徑fillet radii彎曲半徑 bending radii 彎曲線bending line 彎曲角 bending angle下陷 joggle 滾制波紋 beading成

17、形 forming銼/銼刀 file大螺帽扳手dwang 方頭扳手 square spanner活動(dòng)扳手 adjustable spanner 活口扳手 shifting spanner開口扳手 open end spanner 開鎖扳手 unlocking spanner套筒扳手 box spanner；socket spanner刮刀 adz；knife；scraper；scraping cutter；slicker刮孔口刀 spot faceplate 厚薄規(guī)feeler弧形尺 circular scale虎鉗 jaw；pliers；vice（vise）尖頭鉗 pointed plier

18、s 卡鉗 calipers開口鉗 open mouth tongs 卡規(guī) templet卡尺 calipers；sliding caliper；caliper rule劃窩鉆 counter sink drill 環(huán)孔鉆 annular auger定心鉆spotter麻花鉆頭twist drill 拉伸 tension 拉伸應(yīng)力 tensile stress壓縮 compression 壓縮應(yīng)力 compression stress剪切 shear 剪切應(yīng)力 shear stress彎曲 bending 彎矩 bending moment扭轉(zhuǎn) torsion 扭矩 torque縱向的 long

19、itudinal 橫向的 transverse, lateral鉚釘 rivet 抽芯鉚釘cherry rivet無頭鉚釘 slug實(shí)心鉚釘solid rivet銷 pin 開口銷cotter pin關(guān)節(jié)銷 clevis pin 關(guān)節(jié)銷釘 knee pin安裝銷 sheer pin；installation pin，locating pin方銷square cotter 搭接線jumper搭鐵線Ground connection環(huán)槽釘 lock bolt螺栓 bolt 錐形螺栓 taper-lok, tapered bolt高鎖螺栓 Hi-Lock釘套 collar拉緊螺栓fastening

20、bolt帶孔螺栓eye bolt墊圈 washer襯套 bushing環(huán)形墊圈cupwasher墊片 filler, spacer薄墊片 shim 蓋筒 cup螺釘screw定位螺釘fixing screw封口螺釘cap screw定位銷釘tommy；dowel 螺樁 stud道釘spike螺帽；螺母nut蓋螺帽cap nut托板螺母nut plate帶條螺母nut channel桶形螺母barrel nut環(huán)形螺帽ring nut 后擋螺蓋end plate 后擋螺蓋鎖扣 end plate latch后擋螺蓋止動(dòng)器end plate stop后擋螺蓋止動(dòng)缺口 brake notch of

21、end plate后頂針座tailstock后蓋rear end cover齒輪gear后齒輪rear gear；backgear軸承bearing 滾動(dòng)軸承rolling bearing滾珠軸承ball bearing滾針needle 滾針軸承 needle bearing滑動(dòng)軸承sliding bearing徑向止推滾珠軸承 radial thrust-ball bearing空氣軸承compressed-air bearing 滾珠槽ball slot 滾柱roller滾柱軸承roller bearing 鍵dowel；jaw 花鍵spline滑鍵 feather簧桿spring bar

22、簧片 anchor 螺紋抽釘rivnut, blind nut帶套環(huán)的螺紋抽釘 flushlok bolt盲緊固件blind fastener 金屬metal金屬的 metallic非金屬nonmetal非金屬的 nonmetallic合金alloy 高溫合金superalloy鎂合金 magnesium alloy鋁合金aluminum alloy鈦合金titanium alloy合金鋼alloy steel碳鋼carbon steel 結(jié)構(gòu)鋼structural steel不銹鋼stainless steel沉淀硬化不銹鋼precipitation-hardening stainless

23、steel超高強(qiáng)度鋼super-high-strength steel耐腐蝕鋼corrosion resistant steel 復(fù)合材料composite (material)先進(jìn)復(fù)合材料advanced composite蜂窩honeycomb蜂窩夾芯honeycomb andwich蜂窩夾芯結(jié)構(gòu)honeycomb sandwich structure包鋁層Al clad 包鋁薄板 Al clad sheet熱處理 heat treatment 退火 anneal退火處理 annealing淬火 quench/harden；temper淬火處理 quenching分級淬火step quen

24、ch；stepped quenching淬冷 quenched 正火normalizing 回火 temper回火處理 tempering 奧氏回火 Austempering時(shí)效 aging 人工時(shí)效 artificial aging自然時(shí)效 natural aging滲氮 azotize；nitriding 脫氮 denitrogenation滲碳 carburete；carburetion；cementation；carburizing；carburization過燒 over-burning氫脆 hydrogen attack；hydrogen embrittlementt表面光飾 su

25、rface finish拋光 polish表面光潔度 finish表面粗糙度 surface roughness表面處理 surface treatment涂層 coating噴丸 shot peen；shot blas鍍鉻 chromium plate化學(xué)銑切 chemical milling陽極氧化 anodize鉻酸陽極氧化 chromic acid anodize硬質(zhì)陽極氧化 hard anodize 硫酸陽極氧化 sulfuric acid anodize 陽極氧化處理 anodize treatment, anodizing化學(xué)工藝和表面處理 chemical processes

26、& finishes檢測 inspection無損探傷 non-destructive inspectionX射線檢驗(yàn) inspection by x-ray；radioscopy超聲波探傷 ultrasonic inspection磁力探傷 magnetic inspection著色檢查 penetrant inspection公差 tolerance 偏差 deviation線性公差 linear tolerance 角度公差 angular tolerance配合公差 tolerance to fit配合 fit干涉配合 interference fit間隙配合 clearance fi

27、t松配合 loose fit 緊配合 tight fit徑向跳動(dòng)量（整流子） radial beats 基準(zhǔn)線 datum line, reference line機(jī)身基準(zhǔn)平面 fuselage reference plane機(jī)身對稱中心線 fuselage symmetrical center line站線 station line 站位 station豎線 buttock line 水線 water line斜角 bevel硬度 hardness 韌性 toughness斷裂韌性 fracture toughness 磨損 abrasion疲勞 fatigue擠壓強(qiáng)度 bearing st

28、rength抗剪強(qiáng)度 shearing strength；resistance to shearing抗拉強(qiáng)度 resistance to tension；tensile strength抗壓強(qiáng)度 compressive strength；resistance to compression抗彎強(qiáng)度 resistance to bending抗疲勞強(qiáng)度 fatigue resistance聲疲勞 acoustic fatigue標(biāo)準(zhǔn)工藝裝備 master tools 工裝協(xié)調(diào) tool coordination模線 lofting 樣板 template型架 jig 協(xié)調(diào)coordination

29、互換性Interchangeability；duplicity靠模 template；explorator；profile二維圖樣 2D drawing三維數(shù)模 3D mathematical model數(shù)學(xué)模型 mathematical model數(shù)字化樣機(jī) digital mockup（DMU）數(shù)字化預(yù)裝配 digital pre-assembly(DPA)風(fēng)洞channel風(fēng)洞【空】 tunnel風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)wind tunnel test；blasting風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)室tunnel laboratory升力系數(shù)lift coefficient失速stall；stalling動(dòng)平衡dynamic

30、 equilibrium包絡(luò)線envelope試飛 test flight；test hop安全系數(shù)factor of safety海拔高度sea level elevation額定升限r(nóng)ated ceiling理論升限absolute ceiling；theoretical ceiling實(shí)際升限operating ceiling；service ceiling額定工作狀態(tài)rated operation額定狀態(tài)rated state加力狀態(tài)after burning rating抖振buffet；buffeting飛行特技aerobatics；aerobation還原動(dòng)作homing act

31、ion巡航速度cruising speed分速度component of velocity分頻器 frequency divider干擾箔條chaff表面放電surface discharge電致伸縮（反壓電效應(yīng)）Electrostriction壓電效應(yīng) piezoelectricity光電效應(yīng)photoeffect 工時(shí)Manhour斜梁 diagonal spar 龍骨梁 keel beam地板梁 floor beam 座椅滑軌 seat track吊掛前梁 pylon front spar 吊掛后梁 pylon rear spar封閉肋 closing rib 輔助梁 auxiliary

32、 spar吊掛前緣整流罩 pylon leading-edge fairing吊掛后緣整流罩 pylon trailing-edge fairing半硬殼式結(jié)構(gòu) semi-monocoque structure靜定結(jié)構(gòu) statically determinant structure靜不定結(jié)構(gòu)(非靜定結(jié)構(gòu)) non-statically determinant structure梁 spar, beam, longeron 腹板 web框 frame 支架 bracket鉸鏈 hinge 緣條（凸緣） flange, cap蓋板 cover 蒙皮 skin化銑蒙皮 chemical-mille

33、d skin 耳片 lug長桁 stringer 維護(hù)口蓋 access panel, access door加強(qiáng)板 doubler 加強(qiáng)肋 intercostals隔框 bulkhead, frame 型架 jig（厚）板 plate 薄板 sheet 條帶 strap 法蘭邊 flange接頭 fitting 柱 column加勁件 stiffener 環(huán) ring減輕孔 lightening hole 工具孔 tooling hole銷釘孔 pin hole 盲孔 blind hole毛坯 blank 鑄件 casting鍛件 forging 棒材 bar管材 tubing 鈑彎件 fo

34、rmer鈑金件 sheet metal 箔材 foil線材 wire 型材 section, shape, profile角材 angle 帽型材 hat (section)T型材 T-section 工字梁 I beam盤型件 pan 機(jī)加件 machined part槽型件 channel 擠壓型材 extruded section剪切角材 shear angle 剪切角片 shear clip拉伸角材 tension angle機(jī)加操作 machining operation 鉚接 riveting焊接 welding 膠接 adhesive bonding螺接 bolting 拼接 s

35、plice, splicing對接 butt splice 搭接 overlap splice拉伸 tension 拉伸應(yīng)力 tensile stress壓縮 compression 壓縮應(yīng)力 compression stress剪切 shear 剪切應(yīng)力 shear stress彎曲 bending 彎矩 bending moment扭轉(zhuǎn) torsion 扭矩 torque縱向的 longitudinal 橫向的 transverse, lateral螺栓 bolt 錐形螺栓 taper-lok, tapered bolt高鎖螺栓 Hi-Lok 螺樁 stud螺釘 screw 釘套 coll

36、ar軸承 bearing 襯套 bushing墊圈 washer 墊片 filler, spacer薄墊片 shim 螺紋抽釘 rivnut, blind nut銷 pin 開口銷 cotter pin鉚釘 rivet 抽芯鉚釘 cherry rivet無頭鉚釘 slug 實(shí)心鉚釘 solid rivet環(huán)槽釘 lock bolt 托板螺母 nut plate盲緊固件 blind fastener 帶套環(huán)的螺紋抽釘 flushlok bolt 復(fù)合材料 composite (material)先進(jìn)復(fù)合材料 advanced composite蜂窩 honeycomb 蜂窩夾芯 honeycom

37、b sandwich蜂窩夾芯結(jié)構(gòu) honeycomb sandwich structure包鋁層 alclad 包鋁薄板 alclad sheet合金 alloy 合金鋼 alloy steel碳鋼 carbon steel 結(jié)構(gòu)鋼 structural steel超高強(qiáng)度鋼 super-high-strength steel耐腐蝕鋼 corrosion resistant steel 不銹鋼 stainless steel沉淀硬化不銹鋼 precipitation-hardening stainless steel高溫合金 superalloys 鎂合金 magnesium alloy鋁合金 aluminum alloy 鈦合金 titanium alloy金屬 metal 金屬的 metallic非金屬 nonmetal 非金屬的 nonmetallic熱處理 heat treatment 表面處理 surface treatment表面光飾 surface finish 鍍鉻 chromium plate退火 anneal 退火處理 annealing淬火 quench 淬火處理 quenching回火 temper 回火處理 tempering陽極氧化 anodize鉻酸陽極氧化 chromic acid anodize硬質(zhì)陽極氧化 hard