高中英語(yǔ)必修Unit重點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)及短語(yǔ)整理

1、高中英語(yǔ)必修4 Unit3重點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)及短語(yǔ)解析1. feel vt. （1) 觸，摸： She felt the dogs nose. 她摸狗的鼻子。 （2）感覺(jué)； 覺(jué)得 He began to feel uneasy. 他開(kāi)始感到不安。How are you feeling today, Mrs. Brown? 布朗太太，你今天覺(jué)得怎么樣？I dont feel like sleeping。 我不想睡。 2. feel/ be content with adj.對(duì)滿意的，滿足的，安心的Are you content with your present salary? 你對(duì)你目前的薪金滿意嗎？A

2、re you content to go there alone? 你愿意一個(gè)人去那兒?jiǎn)幔吭~語(yǔ)拓展 （1）contents n. 內(nèi)容，內(nèi)部所有之物，目錄 Are you content with the contents of the novel? 你對(duì)小說(shuō)的內(nèi)容滿意嗎？（2）content n. 不可數(shù)名詞，滿意的狀態(tài)，滿意He lives in peace and content. 他生活于和平與滿足之中。to ones hearts content 盡情地，心滿意足On Sundays children play in the park to their hearts content.

3、 星期天孩子們?cè)诠珗@里盡情地玩耍。be content to do sth.滿足于做某事 (be satisfied to do sth.)in content and form 在內(nèi)容和形式上do sth.to ones hearts content 盡情地做某事content oneself/sb.with.使自己/某人對(duì)滿意辨析：content，satisfycontent表示使人在一定程度上得到滿足。satisfy表示使人的要求、希望得到完全的滿足。提示：表示“非常滿意”時(shí)，用be well content，而不用very修飾。content一般只作表語(yǔ)，作定語(yǔ)時(shí)需用contented

4、。 Young people are not _ to stand and look at works of art；they want the art they can participate in.Acontent Bgenerous Cconfident Dconservative答案：A3. astonish vt.使驚訝；使驚駭；使驚愕We are astonished at his improvement. 他進(jìn)步之快，令我們驚訝。 The barbarian customs of the villagers astonished us. 村民的野鸞習(xí)俗令我們吃驚。詞語(yǔ)拓展 ast

5、onishing adj.令人驚訝的； astonished adj. 感到驚訝的； astonishment n. 驚訝，驚駭。astonish sb 令某人吃驚/驚訝I(yíng)t astonishes sb.that.某人沒(méi)有料到會(huì)be astonished to do/at sth./that從句 對(duì)感到十分驚訝，吃驚to ones astonishment 令某人驚訝的是in astonishment 驚愕地，吃驚地To our _，the boss wasnt _ at the _ news at all.Aastonishment; astonish; astonished Bastoni

6、shment; astonished; astonishingCastonish; astonished; astonishing Dastonishment; astonishing; astonished答案：B4. unfortunate 不幸的： She is an unfortunate woman. 她是個(gè)不幸的女人。fortune ftun n. 富有；財(cái)富；運(yùn)氣；幸運(yùn) Fortune smiled on us.幸運(yùn)之神垂青我們。1) 和 fortune相關(guān)的一些詞組： have good (bad)fortune 運(yùn)氣好（不好）； make ones/ a fortune 發(fā)財(cái)

7、；發(fā)跡 try ones fortune 碰運(yùn)氣 tell sb.ones fortune 給某人算命 2)fortune 作“財(cái)富；財(cái)產(chǎn)”解時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞；作“運(yùn)氣；幸運(yùn)”解時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞。詞語(yǔ)拓展 fortunate adj. 幸運(yùn)的=lucky fortunately adv. 幸運(yùn)地=luckily fortunate adj.幸運(yùn)的；吉利的 be fortunate in 在方面很幸運(yùn)Eg: He was fortunate in having such nice friends.他真幸運(yùn)，有這樣好的朋友。be fortunate to do sth.幸運(yùn)地能干某事You are ve

8、ry fortunate to have found such a pleasant house.你真幸運(yùn)，找到這么好的房子。fortunate + that 從句，如：Its very fortunate (that)we have Emma here.真幸運(yùn)，愛(ài)瑪和我們?cè)谝黄?。fortunately adv.幸運(yùn)地，僥幸地 fortune n運(yùn)氣；財(cái)富，財(cái)產(chǎn)辨析：fortunate與lucky這兩個(gè)詞都表示“幸運(yùn)的”的意思。fortunate比lucky更文雅，常用于較為重大的事件。lucky不如fortunate正式，著重意外或純屬偶然。_，people are beginning to

9、 realize how serious the situation is. 答案：BAFortunate BFortunately CBeing fortunate DBeing fortunatelyFortunately for him, he has passed. 對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)幸運(yùn)的是，他過(guò)關(guān)了。unfortunate adj. 不幸的,=unlucky ； unfortunately adv. 不幸地=unluckily5. worse （1）adj. 更壞的 She got worse last night. 她昨天的情況惡化了。 What is worse 更壞的是 What wa

10、s worse, it was getting cold. 更壞的是，天漸漸冷起來(lái)了。（2）adv. 更壞地，更惡劣地 It is raining worse than ever. 雨下更大了。badly off 窮的；缺少的境況不好；拮據(jù)，貧窮The school was then badly off for teachers.當(dāng)時(shí)學(xué)校缺少教師。詞語(yǔ)拓展 badly off 窮困的，潦倒的，是worse off 的原級(jí)； He is badly off while his brother is well off. 他過(guò)著窮困潦倒的生活而他的哥哥過(guò)著富裕的生活。反義詞 ：well off 富裕

11、的；富有的；富有的；有許多的,比較級(jí)：be better/worse off 境況(尤指經(jīng)濟(jì)境況)更好/更糟糕2)比較級(jí)worse off和better off常常與than，rather than 搭配使用。如：I went to his home and found his living condition was worse off than mine.We shouldnt complain about being poor because many families are much _ than we are.Aworse off Bbadly off Cwell off Dbet

12、ter off解析：此題考查比較級(jí)。badly off“窮困，潦倒”；well off“富?！?；題干中出現(xiàn)了than要用比較級(jí)；又根據(jù)being poor可知要用A項(xiàng)。句意：我們不應(yīng)該抱怨貧窮，因?yàn)橛性S多家庭比我們更窮。答案：Abad, badly 和 ill 的比較級(jí)都是worse；worse still = what is worse =to make matters worse更壞的是 worsen v.t.使更糟糕 go from bad to worse (指不如意的境況等)越來(lái)越壞，每況愈下worse and worse 越來(lái)越壞，每況愈下to make matters worse

13、/even worse 更糟糕的是be bad at sth.不擅長(zhǎng)于 He is bad at English. 他不擅長(zhǎng)英語(yǔ)。be bad for sth. 對(duì)有壞處 Dont read in bed. It is bad for your eyes.不要躺在床上讀書(shū)。那樣對(duì)你的眼有害。be bad to sb.待某人不好 Her stepmother is bad to her. 她的繼母虐待她。do badly in sth.在方面做得不好 He did badly in the exam yesterday. 昨天他考得不好。6. ordinary （1）adj. 普通的；正常的 （

14、【反】extraordinary） He attended the party in ordinary dress. 他穿著便服去赴宴。 （2）中下等的；平凡的；平常的 an ordinary letter平信 7. bore v.t.使（某人）感到無(wú)聊、厭煩 His stories bored me very much. 他的事使我感到非常厭煩。詞語(yǔ)拓展 boring adj. 無(wú)聊的，令人厭煩的 (常指事物，也可指人) bored adj. 感到厭煩的，感到無(wú)聊的(常用來(lái)說(shuō)明人) boredom n. 厭煩，無(wú)聊，厭倦 I am bored; lets go to the cinema.

15、我悶了，咱們看電影去吧。 bore sb.with sth.用某事煩憂某人be bored with.對(duì)感到厭煩bore sb. to death /tears 煩死了某人; 使某人極度厭煩a boring evening 一個(gè)百無(wú)聊賴的晚上 (北京高考)Mr Smith，_of the_speech，started to read a novel.Atired; boring Btiring; bored Ctired; bored Dtiring; boring解析：(Mr Smith)is tired of(人)對(duì)感到厭煩，tired of短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)修飾Mr Smith；空二則是“令人厭

16、煩的演講”，故用boring修飾speech。答案：A8. entertain vt.（1）使娛樂(lè)；助興 They gave a dance to entertain their guests. 他們跳了一個(gè)舞以?shī)始钨e。 （2）招待 We entertained them for dinner. 我們招待他們吃晚餐。 entertain sb.as.把某人當(dāng)招待entertain sb.with.用招待某人 entertain sb.to.請(qǐng)某人吃 He made a promise _ he would entertain us _ dinner the next day.Athat; wi

17、th Bthat; to Cwhich; with Dwhich; to答案：B詞語(yǔ)拓展 entertaining adj. 令人愉快的，有趣的 an entertaining film 一部令人愉快的電影entertained adj. 感到愉快的 entertainment 娛樂(lè)，款待；娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)（常用復(fù)數(shù)） entertainer n.表演者，藝人9. throughout (1) prep.遍及；貫穿；在全部 期間Pauls songs are popular throughout the world. 保羅的歌在全世界都很受歡迎。（2）adv. 各地；到處；始終；全部 The hous

18、e is well built throughout. 這整幢房子都建筑得很好。 自始至終： The soldier stood perfectly still throughout. 士兵自始至終站著不動(dòng)。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】 1)作介詞時(shí)，常見(jiàn)的搭配有：throughout the day 整天 throughout ones life 終生 throughout history 在整個(gè)歷史上throughout the century 整個(gè)世紀(jì) throughout the country（遍及）全國(guó) throughout the night 整個(gè)晚上2)throughout 作副詞時(shí)，常用于

19、句尾。如：The house is painted throughout.這所房子全部油漆了一遍。10. failure n.（1）失敗n. 失敗（者）；破產(chǎn)；不及格 His failure disappointed his father. 他的失敗使他父親失望。 Failure is the mother of success. 失敗是成功之母。 （2）衰??；減退 the failure of health 健康衰退詞語(yǔ)拓展【考點(diǎn)聚焦】 1）反義詞：success ；動(dòng)詞：fail 失敗2)與fail相關(guān)的一些詞組：fail sth. =fail in sth. =fail to do st

20、h.做某事失敗了fail in失?。徊患案?；不足；缺乏fail + to do sth.（表示否定）不能；沒(méi)有，如：I failed to persuade him.= I failed in persuading him.我沒(méi)能說(shuō)服他。without fail 必定；務(wù)必3)形容詞failing 與failed的區(qū)別：failing指“失敗中的；不及格的；減弱（或衰退）中的”，如：failing marriage瓦解中的婚姻；failing health每況愈下的健康狀況；failed指“失敗了的；不成功的；破產(chǎn)了的；倒閉了的”，如：a failed candidate 落選的候選人；a f

21、ailed firm 倒閉的公司 11、overcome vkm vt. & vi.戰(zhàn)勝；克服；征服We should learn to overcome difficulties.我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)克服困難。1)overcome常用在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中表示“（感情等）壓倒；使受不了”。常和by，with搭配。如：The child was overcome by weariness and slept.孩子疲倦之極，睡著了。He was overcome with astonishment.他驚異萬(wàn)狀。2)over-作前綴時(shí)可表示以下含義：過(guò)度；太甚,如：over study 用功過(guò)度；over talk

22、過(guò)分多言在上；在外；從上；越過(guò)，如：Over bridge 天橋；overcoat 外衣；over fly 飛躍；oversea(s)海外顛倒；反轉(zhuǎn)，如： overthrow 推翻；overturn 傾倒；傾覆3)overcome的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞分別是overcame 和overcome；現(xiàn)在分詞是 overcoming。12、mouthful mafl adj.一口；滿口I took only a mouthful of food and then went to school.我只吃了一口飯就上學(xué)去了。1)名詞： mouth口；嘴; mouth 的復(fù)數(shù)形式是mouths2)-ful是一個(gè)

23、后綴，加在名詞之后，表示“充滿的”。類(lèi)似的還有handful，cupful，dishful，spoonful，boatful，houseful，armful等。13. pick out (1)挑選出;揀出 Let me pick out some good ones for you. 讓我來(lái)替你挑幾個(gè)好的。 The best students have been picked out. 最好的學(xué)生已挑選好了。(2)辨認(rèn)出 Its easy to pick him out in a crowd because he is very tall. 很容易從人群中辨認(rèn)出他,因?yàn)樗麄€(gè)子很高。 pick

24、out辨析：pick out，select，choosepick out指按照個(gè)人喜愛(ài)或希望進(jìn)行挑選。select指有目的、仔細(xì)認(rèn)真地選擇，有“精選”的含義。choose通常只在所提供的對(duì)象中經(jīng)過(guò)考慮，憑個(gè)人的判斷進(jìn)行選擇。提示：pick out和pick up都是“動(dòng)詞副詞”組成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，若其賓語(yǔ)是人稱(chēng)代詞，則必須置于動(dòng)詞與副詞之間；若其賓語(yǔ)為名詞，則位于副詞后或短語(yǔ)中間皆可。 It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly _ my friend.Aturn out Bpick out Cbring out Dcall outpick u

25、p拿起；撿起；接，便宜地得到;拾起;挑出；辨別出He picked up his book and began to read.他拿起書(shū)開(kāi)始讀。The bus stopped and picked up many people. 車(chē)停了，上來(lái)好多人。She picked up many goods in the market. 她在市場(chǎng)里買(mǎi)了好多便宜貨。1)反義詞組：put down（放下）2)pick up除了“拿起；撿起；拾起”外，還有一些其他含義,如：We picked up the conversation from where we had left it.我們從中斷的地方重新開(kāi)始會(huì)

26、談。（重新開(kāi)始，繼續(xù)）The train stopped to pick up passengers.火車(chē)停下來(lái)搭乘客。（用車(chē)接人或物，中途搭乘）詞語(yǔ)拓展 pick vt.剔，挖；采摘 She is picking her teeth. 她在剔牙。 Dont pick the flowers in the garden. 不要采摘花園里的花。14. cut off 切斷，砍掉，剪下： Our water supply has been cut off. 我們斷水了。 Be careful not to cut your finger off. 小心別切斷了手指頭。 She cut off my

27、 apology.她打斷了我的道歉。詞語(yǔ)拓展 cut切，割，剪，砍 cut的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞都是cut，現(xiàn)在分詞是cutting。The boy cut his finger while playing with his knife.你孩子玩刀子時(shí)劃破了手指頭。cut out剪裁，刪掉 She is cutting out a dress. 她在剪裁一件連衣裙。 You can cut out the unimportant details. 你可以刪除那些不重要的細(xì)節(jié)。cut down砍到; 削減；減少 Please cut the trousers down. 請(qǐng)把褲子改短。 He cut

28、 his article down to 1000 words. 他把文章縮減到一千字。cut up 切碎 Please cut the meat up before making dumplings. 在包餃子之前先把肉切碎。cutinto把切成 Cut the apple into halves, thirds, quarters. 把蘋(píng)果切成兩半，三瓣，四瓣等。cut sb.short 打斷某人（的話）cut sth.short 剪（切、割等）短某物；使某事縮短；使某事中斷She cut her hair short. 她把頭發(fā)剪短了。cut in插話 Dont cut in a wor

29、d, please. 請(qǐng)不要插話。cut across 抄近路穿過(guò)；取捷徑通過(guò)a short cut 捷徑15. convince使相信;說(shuō)服 I am convinced of its truth. 我相信他的真實(shí)性。詞語(yǔ)拓展 convincing 使人相信的；說(shuō)服人的 convinced 感到相信的；被說(shuō)服的convince，persuade與advise的區(qū)別這兩個(gè)詞都可以表示“說(shuō)服；使信服”。其區(qū)別是：(1)convince著重情感上的“敦促、勸告”，它所要求的主語(yǔ)可以是人，也可以是事物。例如：Her smile convinced him that she was happy. 她的

30、微笑使他確信她是幸福的。注意：這句話的主語(yǔ)是her smile，而不是人做主語(yǔ)，所以就不能用persuade，而要用convince。(2)persuade著重理智方面的“辯論，證明”，所要求的主語(yǔ)一定是人，而不可能是事物。convince與persuade結(jié)構(gòu)相同，即persuade/convince sb.that.；persuade/convince sb.of sth.。persuade和convince都表示結(jié)果，即說(shuō)服了；若表示“說(shuō)服”或“勸說(shuō)”的動(dòng)作，常用try to persuade/convince，也可用advise。例如：He persuaded me that it w

31、as not worth buying.他說(shuō)服我，那東西不值得買(mǎi)。persuade還可表示說(shuō)明某人做(或不做)某事，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：persuade sb.(not)to do sth.；persuade o/out of doing sth.。例如：He persuaded me to do that.He persuaded me into doing that.他說(shuō)服我去做那件事。(3)advise只是表示勸說(shuō)的動(dòng)作，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，但persuade不僅表示勸說(shuō)的動(dòng)作，同時(shí)又強(qiáng)調(diào)有結(jié)果。從詞義上說(shuō)，advise只是“勸告”，persuade的意思是“說(shuō)服，勸服”，它強(qiáng)調(diào)了“勸告”的

32、結(jié)果。例如：I advised/tried to persuade him to start early but he didnt listen.我勸告(試著說(shuō)服)他早點(diǎn)動(dòng)身，可他不聽(tīng)。 (2010浙江三校聯(lián)考)Scientists are increasingly _ that the earth is getting hotter because of carbon dioxide and other gases.Aconvinced Bconfident CConcerned Dconscious答案：A16. direct 指導(dǎo)，指揮；監(jiān)督；命令；書(shū)寫(xiě)；指向 The teacher d

33、irected the work of his students. 老師指導(dǎo)學(xué)生做作業(yè)。I would act rather than direct. 我寧愿當(dāng)演員而不愿當(dāng)導(dǎo)演。1)近義詞：straight;反義詞：（作形容詞時(shí)）indirect名詞：direction 方向；方面；director 指導(dǎo)者；directory 姓名地址錄副詞：directly直接地2)direct作動(dòng)詞時(shí)的一些用法：direct + 賓語(yǔ) + 不定式，如：The general directed the troops to attack.將軍命令部隊(duì)進(jìn)攻。direct + that 從句，如：The gene

34、ral directed that an advance (should)be made the next morning.將軍命令部隊(duì)第二天早上向前推進(jìn)。3)副詞direct與directly的區(qū)別：direct的意思是徑直地、直接地。指行路中不停步、不繞道、直奔目的地如：You must go direct to see a doctor.你必須直接去看醫(yī)生。（意思是不要耽擱）directly著重對(duì)事物的直接影響，不著重實(shí)際距離。指以一種直接的方式，表時(shí)間時(shí)，指“立刻、不拖延”之意。如：She has never spoken directly about Tom.她從不直接談?wù)摐?。（?/p>

35、思是她較為含蓄）The train goes there direct.火車(chē)一直開(kāi)往那里。He is looking directly at me.他直直地看著我。He answered my question very directly. 他很直率地回答了我的問(wèn)題。注意：directly也可作連接詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“一就”。如：Directly I received his letter，I went to see him.我一收到他的信就去看他了。 (2009湖南師大附中)I shall take you to France _ you are well enough to tra

36、vel.Aquickly Bdirectly Cfinally Dhappily解析：directly作連詞，表“一就”，其他項(xiàng)沒(méi)有此用法。答案：B詞語(yǔ)拓展 direct speech 直接引語(yǔ) indirect speech間接引語(yǔ) director導(dǎo)演，主任，董事長(zhǎng)；direction 指導(dǎo)，說(shuō)明書(shū)(常用復(fù)數(shù))： He did the work under my direction. 他在我的指導(dǎo)下做這件事。in the direction of朝著的方向 He walked in the direction of me. 他朝我走來(lái)。17. star in 在中擔(dān)任主角; 主演 Liu

37、Dehua starred in the film A world without thieves. 劉德華在天下無(wú)賊中擔(dān)任主角。He starred in dozens of films during his lifetime.他一生主演過(guò)幾十部電影。詞語(yǔ)拓展 star sb. in 使某人在中擔(dān)任主角: Zhang Yimou wanted to star Zhou Jielun in his new film. 張藝謀想讓周杰倫在他的新電影中擔(dān)任主角。1)同義詞組：play the lead in。2)star也可作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“以為主角”。如：The director wanted

38、to star her in the new film.導(dǎo)演想讓她在這部新影片中擔(dān)任主角。star st(r)vt. & vi.標(biāo)上星號(hào)Ive starred the important articles to read.我已經(jīng)給要閱讀的重要文章標(biāo)了星號(hào)。1)star作動(dòng)詞時(shí)的其他一些用法:演主角；主演,如：She is to star in a new film.她將在一部新影片中出任主角。（常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）用星（星狀物）裝飾，如：There is a lawn starred with white flowers in her garden. 她的花園里有一塊草地，草地上星星點(diǎn)點(diǎn)地長(zhǎng)著白花。

39、2)star 的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞都是starred；現(xiàn)在分詞是starring。star n. 恒星，星星，明星： a five-star hotel一家五星級(jí)賓館There are many stars in the sky on a clear night. 在晴朗的夜空里有許多星星。Liu Xiaoqing is a famous film star. 劉曉慶是一個(gè)著名的電影明星。18. outstanding adj.著名的；顯著的： He is an outstanding scholar. 他是個(gè)著名的學(xué)者。詞語(yǔ)拓展 stand out突出，顯眼 His work stands o

40、ut from the rest. 他的工作比他人都好。stand by 袖手旁觀，支持 I will stand by you whatever happens. 無(wú)論如何，我都會(huì)支持你。How could you stand by when he treated his dog badly? 當(dāng)他虐待他的狗時(shí)，你怎么能袖手旁觀哪？stand for 代表，意指 Our party stands for our people. 我們的當(dāng)代表著我們的人民。注意：作定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)時(shí)用現(xiàn)在分詞。The party standing for its people will do good to its

41、people. 代表人民的黨會(huì)為民眾帶來(lái)好處的。stand against 靠放著 The desk stands against the wall. 桌子靠墻放著。sand still站著不動(dòng) When his classmates walked to the gate, he stood still. 當(dāng)他的同學(xué)朝門(mén)口走去的時(shí)候，他卻站著一動(dòng)不動(dòng)。stand up站起來(lái) When the teacher came in, the students all stood up. 當(dāng)老師進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，全體學(xué)生都站立起來(lái)。stand in line排隊(duì) Everyone should stand in

42、line when buying tickets. 買(mǎi)票時(shí)人人都應(yīng)當(dāng)排隊(duì)。19whisper v& n低語(yǔ)，耳語(yǔ)，私語(yǔ)；私下說(shuō)，低聲地說(shuō)in a whisper(in whispers)低聲地whisper about sth.密談某事It is whispered that.有人私下說(shuō)whisper to sb.對(duì)某人竊竊耳語(yǔ)It is whispered that he has a cancer. 傳聞?wù)f他身患癌癥。They sat at the back of the room，talking in whispers. 他們坐在房間的后面低聲談話。 (2007四川)Mum_to us，“

43、Be quiet！Your little sisters sleeping.”Awhispered Bshouted Cexplained Dreplied解析：語(yǔ)境中考查動(dòng)詞辨析。whisper to sb低聲對(duì)別人說(shuō)；shout to sb對(duì)某人大聲喊；explain to sb向某人解釋?zhuān)籸eply to sb回答別人。答案：A20. depressed是形容詞，意為“感到沮喪的”；詞語(yǔ)拓展 depress vt. 使沮喪，使憂愁 Wet weather always depresses me. 在陰雨天里我總是心灰意懶。depressing adj.令人沮喪的 His marks ar

44、e depressing. 他的分?jǐn)?shù)令人沮喪。depression n. the Great Depressioon（美國(guó)）經(jīng)濟(jì)大蕭條21.particular adj. 特別的，特殊的 n.細(xì)節(jié)；細(xì)目She took particular care not to overcook the meat. 她特別小心不把肉烹調(diào)過(guò)火。Id like you to give us full particulars of what happened.我希望你能為我們提供事情的全部詳情。詞語(yǔ)拓展（1）be particular about / over 對(duì)特別講究的、挑剔的苛求的She is very p

45、articular about what she wears. 她對(duì)衣著很講究。（2）in particular尤其，特別= particularlyThe whole meal was good but the wine is excellent in particular. 整頓飯都很好，尤其是葡萄酒更好。（3）particularity n.particular作形容詞時(shí)與special的區(qū)別：special 常指一般場(chǎng)合下的“特殊”，較普通；particular 常可與special通用，但含有個(gè)別的意味，強(qiáng)調(diào)特殊場(chǎng)合下的特殊情況。22.occasion n.時(shí)刻、時(shí)候、場(chǎng)合、機(jī)會(huì)，前

46、邊常用on后邊常接for 。This is not an occasion for laughter. 這不是笑的時(shí)候。詞語(yǔ)拓展 occasional adj. 偶爾的，偶然的 ； occasionally adv.There will be occasional showers during the day. 白天將偶有陣雨。23.pretend v假裝The time has come to stop pretending! 夠了，別在裝蒜了！She pretended (that) she was not at home when we rang the door bell. 我們按門(mén)鈴

47、時(shí)她假裝不在家。He pretended to be eating dumplings. 他假裝正在吃餃子。He pretended illness as an excuse. 他假裝有病以為借口。 24chance，occasion與opportunity的區(qū)別這組詞的一般含義是“時(shí)機(jī)；機(jī)會(huì)”。不管在口語(yǔ)中或者在文學(xué)作品中，這幾個(gè)都是常用的詞。其區(qū)別是：(1)chance做可數(shù)名詞，意為“機(jī)會(huì)；機(jī)遇”，表示事理上不一定發(fā)生而發(fā)生的“偶然、意外的機(jī)會(huì)”，含有一時(shí)的運(yùn)氣和僥幸的意味，比opportunity具有更大的偶然性。例如：Let chance decide.碰碰運(yùn)氣吧！Its the c

48、hance of lifetime.Dont miss it.這是千載難逢的機(jī)會(huì)，別錯(cuò)過(guò)了。(2)occasion意為“機(jī)會(huì)、時(shí)機(jī)”，是從“時(shí)刻”的意思發(fā)展為“時(shí)機(jī)或機(jī)會(huì)”的，常指一般性的機(jī)會(huì)。例如：He seized the occasion to invite her home for dinner.他抓住機(jī)會(huì)邀請(qǐng)她回家里吃飯。(3)opportunity表示某時(shí)機(jī)符合自己想干某事的意愿、目的、雄心甚至野心。例如：Wait for an opportunity to take action.伺機(jī)而動(dòng)。There may be an opportunity for you to see th

49、e chairman of the board tomorrow.明天你也許有機(jī)會(huì)見(jiàn)到董事長(zhǎng)。 Soon he had an opportunity of explaining that to her.不久他便有了向她解釋那件事的機(jī)會(huì)。 (2009寧波質(zhì)檢)Many new _ will be opened up in the future for those with a university degree.Arealities Bnecessities Cprobabilities Dopportunities解析：句意：很多新機(jī)遇將來(lái)為那些有大學(xué)學(xué)歷的人開(kāi)放著。opportunity 機(jī)

50、會(huì)，機(jī)遇；reality 現(xiàn)實(shí)；necessity 必要；probability 可能性。根據(jù)句意選D。The opening ceremony of the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing proved to be quite an _.Aincident Boccasion Caffair Dopportunity解析：occasion此處意思是“特殊的事情(或儀式、慶典)”。答案：B25common，ordinary與usual的區(qū)別(1)common有兩層意思，當(dāng)指“普通的；平凡的”的時(shí)候，和ordinary同義；還可指“普通的；共同的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)大家都有的，比

51、較普遍的。例如：He is only a common person，but he has made great achievements.他只是一個(gè)普通的人，但是他取得了很大的成就。They have English as a common language.英語(yǔ)是他們的共同語(yǔ)言。(2)ordinary意為“普通的”，含有“平凡”的意思，與一般事物的性質(zhì)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相同，強(qiáng)調(diào)“平常，平庸”，指無(wú)特別之處。例如：He is in an ordinary dress.他穿著平常的衣服。Flu is a common disease among ordinary people. 流感是一種發(fā)生在普通人中

52、的常見(jiàn)病。(3)usual指“通常的”，一般指在時(shí)間上延續(xù)過(guò)去的習(xí)慣，如：usual time“老時(shí)間”；usual place“老地方”。常用詞組：as usual“像平常一樣”；than usual“比平?！?。例如：Coffee is considered to be the usual drink of American. 咖啡被認(rèn)為是美國(guó)人的日常飲料。He came to school late this morning as usual. 像往常一樣，今天早上他又遲到了。26joke (1) n. 笑話，玩笑；使人好笑的情形：make a joke about sb. or sth.

53、戲弄某人或某事；have a joke with sb.與某人說(shuō)笑話；play a joke on sb. about sth.拿某事來(lái)戲弄某人詞語(yǔ)拓展jokingly adv. = in joke = as a joke 開(kāi)玩笑地 the joke of the school學(xué)校里的笑柄(2)vi.開(kāi)玩笑 I am only joking. 我只是在開(kāi)玩笑。 He is always joking. 他老是愛(ài)開(kāi)玩笑。joker 愛(ài)開(kāi)玩笑的人27.fly n. 蒼蠅；butterfly蝴蝶， dragonfly蜻蜓詞語(yǔ)拓展vi. 飛（ flew flown ）fly to Beijing飛往北京flight n.飛行，航班 in flight; a non-stop flight from Paris to New York從巴黎到紐約的直達(dá)航班；vt.放飛：fly a kite放風(fēng)箏; fly a model plane放飛機(jī)模型28.last adj.最后的，以前的the last Sunday in June六月的最后的一個(gè)星期六; the last time I saw you上次我見(jiàn)到你的時(shí)候； He is the last but one in t