四級(jí)中譯英段落翻譯練習(xí)(2)

1、四級(jí)中譯英段落翻譯練習(xí)1. 人口老齡化中國(guó)面臨的最嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)之一就是人口老齡化(aging population)。專家稱在未來(lái)四十年內(nèi)，中國(guó)老年人口將接近 5億，占據(jù)人口總數(shù)的三分之一。這無(wú)疑給中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)帶來(lái)了巨大的壓力，但這也意味著更多的商機(jī)。人口老齡化將為養(yǎng)老院(nursing home)行業(yè)的發(fā)展帶來(lái)良好的前景。據(jù)粗略統(tǒng)計(jì)，5億老年人每月至少能為養(yǎng)老院行業(yè)帶來(lái)5000億元的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。2. 西部大開發(fā)西部大開發(fā)(western development campaign)是中國(guó)政府的一項(xiàng)政策，于2000年開始運(yùn)作。目的是提高西部地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展水平。西部大開發(fā)的范圍是中國(guó)西部的12個(gè)

2、省和自治區(qū)(autonomous region)。西部地區(qū)自然資源豐富，市場(chǎng)潛力大，戰(zhàn)略位置重要。但由于自 然、歷史、社會(huì)等原因，西部地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展相對(duì)東部落后。這一政策的實(shí)施可以使西部地區(qū)得到更快、更深、更廣的發(fā)展，實(shí)現(xiàn)共同富裕(common prosperity) o3. 相聲相聲(Xiangsheng)是中國(guó)最重要的表演藝術(shù)之一。共有三種不同形式的相聲，分別由一人、兩人和多人表演。其中由兩人表演的對(duì)口相聲(cross talk)最為流行，傳播最為廣泛?！跋嗦暋币辉~最初是指模仿別人的言談舉止?，F(xiàn)代相聲包含四種基本技能：說(shuō)、學(xué)、逗(tease)唱。由于相聲的許多內(nèi)容是笑話和有趣的故事，語(yǔ)言幽默

3、而又諷刺(sarcastic)，因此深受人民群眾的喜愛。4. 大熊貓大熊貓被稱為“中國(guó)國(guó)寶(China' national treasure)”，是中國(guó)特有的動(dòng)物。大熊貓外邊 黑白相間，體型肥胖，是一種溫順可愛的動(dòng)物。它們主要生活在中國(guó)西南地區(qū)，80%以上分布在四川省境內(nèi)。它們習(xí)慣居住在溫暖潮濕的環(huán)境中，喜歡吃竹類。由于生育率低，對(duì)生活 環(huán)境的要求又相當(dāng)高，它們的數(shù)量越來(lái)越少。中國(guó)政府早已意識(shí)到這一問題的嚴(yán)重性，所以做出了很多努力來(lái)保護(hù)這一瀕臨物種。5. 低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)(low-carbon econ omy)是在保護(hù)環(huán)境的 基礎(chǔ)上實(shí)現(xiàn)可 持續(xù)發(fā)展(sustai nable deve

4、lopme nt)的經(jīng)濟(jì)模式。目前，越來(lái)越多國(guó)家正向低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型。中國(guó)也不例外。中國(guó)過 去的發(fā)展模式是由高能耗、低成本制造業(yè)拉動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。近年來(lái)，在經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的同時(shí)也破壞 了環(huán)境。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展，政府已承諾將采取切實(shí)行動(dòng)，發(fā)展低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)，保護(hù)自然環(huán)境6. 中國(guó)美食關(guān)于中國(guó)美食(cuisine)的電視節(jié)目數(shù)不勝數(shù)，但像舌尖上的中國(guó)(A Bite of China )這樣受歡迎的不多。這部最新的七集紀(jì)錄片，從地域、歷史以及文化等方面深入探討了中國(guó)人的飲 食。中國(guó)美食有悠久的歷史和富有特色的傳統(tǒng)烹飪手法。這一節(jié)目試圖呈現(xiàn)出更多有關(guān)食物的文化元素，如飲食習(xí)慣和飲食道德(ethic)。在展現(xiàn)中國(guó)飲食文化

5、輝煌成就的同時(shí)，也反映 出中國(guó)的社會(huì)變遷。7. 絲綢之路絲綢之路(the Silk Road)是中國(guó)古代一條重要的商業(yè)貿(mào)易路線。它起始于古都西安，連接亞 非歐三大洲。最初的作用是運(yùn)輸中國(guó)古代出產(chǎn)的絲綢，因此被命名為“絲綢之路”。絲綢之路不僅促進(jìn)了古代亞歐之間的商業(yè)貿(mào)易，還增進(jìn)了亞歐各國(guó)和中國(guó)的友好往來(lái)和文化交流。中國(guó)歷史上一些著名人物的故事都與這條路有關(guān)，如張騫、班超和玄奘。8. 公務(wù)員熱公務(wù) 員熱(craze for civil servant jobs)是指越來(lái)越多的 人參 加政 府機(jī)構(gòu) 招聘考 試 (recruitment examinations)的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象。據(jù)報(bào)道，近幾年每年的報(bào)考人

6、數(shù)都超過百萬(wàn)，平均每 個(gè)崗位有50 60名競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者，最熱門的職位能達(dá)到5000:1.報(bào)考公務(wù)員的主要是大學(xué)畢業(yè)生。他們認(rèn)為公務(wù)員工作輕松穩(wěn)定，收入較高，社會(huì)地位也高。另外，就業(yè)難問題也是促使他們做出該選擇的另一個(gè)原因。1. Tra nslatio n for refere nee:Aging populati on is one of the most severe challe nges in China. Accord ing to the experts, within four decades, China will have n early 500 millio n elderly p

7、eople, which acco unts for one third of the total populati on. Such a situati on will un doubtedly put huge pressure on the econo mic growth of China, but it also means more bus in ess opport un ities. The fast-grow ing nu mbers of elderly people will bring a very good prospect for the in dustry of

8、nursing homes. Based on rough statistics, half a billi on elderly people can at least bring the in dustry an econo mic ben efit of f 500 billi on every year.2. Tra nslatio n for refere nee:Wester n developme nt campaig n is a policy made by Chin ese gover nment and operated from 2000. Its goal is to

9、 improve the econo mic and social developme nt level of the wester n areas. There are twelve prov in ces and aut onom ous regi ons covered in this campaig n. The wester n areas have abundant natural resources with huge potential market and important strategic location. But because of natural, histor

10、ical and social factors, the economic development in those areas lags beh ind that of the easter n areas. The impleme ntatio n of the policy can bring a faster, deeper and broader developme nt in the western areas, which will help realize com mon prosperity.3. Tra nslatio n for refere nee:Xiangsheng

11、 is one of China s most important / significant performing arts,including threediffere nt forms, performed respectively by one pers on, two pers ons, and three or more pers ons. Of the three forms, cross talk, performed by two pers on s, is the most popular and widespread. The term Xian gshe ng ” or

12、igi nally referred to the act of imitati ng some one's speech and behavior. Moder n Xia ngshe ng is composed of four basic skills: speak in g, imitati ng, teas ing and singing. Due to its contents which are mainly jokes and in teresti ng stories and its humorous and sarcastic Ian guage, Xia ngsh

13、e ng has become very popular among people.4. Tra nslatio n for refere nee:Referred to as China 'national treasure”，panda is an animal unique to China. With a black and white coat as well as a fat body, it is a gen tle and lovely ani mal. Pan das live mainly in the southwest part of China, over 8

14、0% of them living in Sichuan Provinee. They are accustomed to living in warm and wet environment. Bamboo is their favorite food. Because of low birth rate and high requireme nt for liv ing environment, the nu mber of pan das is decli ning. Having realized the seriousness of the problem, Chinese gove

15、rnment has made a lot of / a great deal of efforts to protect the endan gered species.o5. Tra nslatio n for refere nee:Low-carb on economy is a kind of econo mic mode of realiz ing susta in able developme nt on the basis of en viro nment protect ion. At prese nt, an in creas ing nu mber of coun trie

16、s are making the tran siti on towards low-carb on economy. China is no excepti on. In the past, Chi na' econo mic growth was mainly driven by high-energy and low-cost manufacturing. In recent years, the econo mic growth has also destroyed the en viro nment / the environment has bee n destroyed a

17、long with the econo mic growth. To achieve the susta in able developme nt, the gover nment has promised to take con crete actions to develop low-carb on economy and protect the n atural en vir onment.6. Tra nslatio n for refere nee:There are numerous TV programs on Chinese cuisine, but few are as po

18、pular as A Bite of China. The latest seve n-episode docume ntary offers in sights into / probes into / go deeply into the geographical, historical and cultural aspects of Chinese diets / Chinese diets from geographical, historical and cultural aspects. Chinese cuisine has a long history and distinct

19、ive traditional cook ing tech niq ues. The program tries to prese nt more cultural eleme nts related to food, such as eating habits and ethics. While it expresses the glory of Chinese food culture, it also reflects Ch ina ' social tran sformati ons.7. Tra nslatio n for refere nee:The Silk Road i

20、s an importa nt trade rote in an cie nt Chin a. It started in the ancient capital Xi 'an and connected the three continents of Asia, Africa and Europe. Because it was built / its primary function was to tran sport silk produced in ancient Chin a, it was n amed the Silk Road ”.lt not only promote

21、d trade between ancient Asia and Europe, but (also) enhanced friendship and cultural communication between China and other countries in Asia and Europe. In Chinese history, the stories of some famous characters are related to the route, such as Zhang Qian, Ban Chao and Xua n Zang.8. Tra nslatio n fo

22、r refere nee:The Craze for civil serva nt jobs refers to the social phe nomenon that an in creas ing nu mber of Chin ese take part in recruitme nt exam in ati on of gover nment in stitutes. It is reported that the nu mber of registered applica nts each year is over one milli on, with 50 60 can didat

23、es compet ing for one vacaney on average. The ratio of the hottest position can arrive at 5000:1. The registered applica nts are mai nly uni versity graduates. They thi nk that the civil serva nt jobs are rather easy and stable with high in come and social status. In additi on, ano ther reas on for

24、their choice is the difficulty in finding jobs.Additional ones:【以下幾篇供大家參考，有時(shí)間也可以給學(xué)生做做，但不會(huì)拿來(lái)考試】9. 科學(xué)和自然界科學(xué)和自然界中一切存在的事物和發(fā)生的現(xiàn)象的特點(diǎn)和過程有關(guān)?？茖W(xué)包括整個(gè)自然 界，它精辟地闡述了人類關(guān)于各種自然現(xiàn)象是如何彼此聯(lián)系并如何構(gòu)成我們所說(shuō)的宇宙的種 種概念的?？茖W(xué)有許多特性，要了解科學(xué)是什么，就得詳細(xì)地考察一下這些性能和特點(diǎn)。有一些作者斷言說(shuō)科學(xué)實(shí)際上只是一種方法-科學(xué)的方法。這樣的定義是過于簡(jiǎn)單化了。但是科學(xué)方法在決定科學(xué)知識(shí)的性質(zhì)方面肯定起著重要的作用。10. 公司簡(jiǎn)介福建福信

25、一珍生物工程有限公司是由福建省洪山企業(yè)集團(tuán)公司與香港福信投資有限公 司合資興辦的高科技企業(yè)，注冊(cè)資本兩千萬(wàn)元人民幣。公司擁有雄厚的技術(shù)力量，大中專學(xué) 歷以上的技術(shù)管理人才占員工總數(shù)的百分之三十以上，并與國(guó)內(nèi)多家科研機(jī)構(gòu)建立了緊密型的合作關(guān)系。公司以“唯公有福，唯誠(chéng)有信”的福信企業(yè)精神和“團(tuán)結(jié)，拼搏，務(wù)實(shí)，創(chuàng)新， 奉獻(xiàn)”的洪山集團(tuán)企業(yè)精神為動(dòng)力，銳意進(jìn)取，蒸蒸日上。11. 年度總結(jié)總結(jié)一年來(lái)的工作，我們清醒地看到，經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展中還存在不少問 題和困難。必須堅(jiān)持把人民群眾利益放在第一位。要切實(shí)維護(hù)人民群眾的經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治和文化權(quán)益，著力解決關(guān)系群眾切身利益的突出問題，保障城鄉(xiāng)困難群眾的基本生活。不斷滿

26、足人們?nèi)找嬖鲩L(zhǎng)的物質(zhì)文化需要，是社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的根本目的。只有執(zhí)政為民，我們的各項(xiàng)事業(yè)才能獲得最廣泛最可靠的群眾基礎(chǔ)和力量源泉。12. 中國(guó)法定假日中國(guó)人民依法享受超過115天的假期，其中包括104天的周末和11天的節(jié)假日。中國(guó)一年中有7個(gè)法定假日，包括元旦(New Year' s Day春節(jié)(Spring Festival)，清明節(jié)(Qingming Festival),五一勞動(dòng)節(jié)(May Day)，端午節(jié)(Dragon Boat Festival),中秋節(jié)(Mid- Autumn Day)和 國(guó)慶節(jié)(National Day)。員工有5至15天的帶薪年假。學(xué)生和老師有大約三個(gè)月

27、的寒暑假。在中國(guó)，暑假一般約在7月1日開始，8月31日左右結(jié)束，寒假是根據(jù)春節(jié)的日期，通常是在1月或2月。9. Tra nslatio n for refere nee:Science is related to all the existing things and the characteristics and process of the phenomena happening in nature. Science contains the whole nature, which develops various penetrating views about human being&#

28、39;s conceptions that how various natural phenomena are related together and how they con stitute our so-called uni verse. Science has many characteristics. We have to inspect those functions and characteristics in detail if we want to know what the scie nee is. Some authors assert that scie nee in

29、fact is a ki nd of method - scie ntific method. This definition is over-simplified .But obviously the scientific method plays an important role in decid ing the n ature of the scie ntific kno wledge.lO.Tra nslatio n for refere nee:Fujian Fuxin Yizhen Bio-engineering Co.,Ltd. is a high-tech joint ven

30、ture eofounded by Hon gsha n Group and Hong Kong Fux in In vestme nt Co.,Ltd, with registered capital up to RMB 20 millio ns. The compa ny is in possessi on of abundant tech ni cal resources, tech ni cal and man agerial tale nts above college or polytech nic school acco unt for 30% of its staff. Wha

31、t's more, tightly-k nit partn ership has bee n established with a nu mber of domestic scie ntific research in stituti ons.Treasuri ng the spirit of hon esty of Fux in and adheri ng to the spirit of un ity, hard work, realism, innovation and sacrifice ” of Hongshan, the company is advancing with

32、vigor and enthusiasm and will become more and more prosperous.11. Tra nslati on for refere nee:In reviewi ng our work of the past year, we clearly see that many problems and difficulties remai n in our econo mic and social developme nt. We must always put the in terests of the people first, truly protect the people s economic, political and cultural rights and interests, pay particular atte nti on to solv ing acute problems affect ing their vital in terests,