英語(yǔ)：高考名詞性從句課件

1、 在一個(gè)句子中，名詞能作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。當(dāng)在一個(gè)句子中，名詞能作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。當(dāng)我們?cè)谝粋€(gè)句子中用一個(gè)句子來(lái)?yè)?dān)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和同位我們?cè)谝粋€(gè)句子中用一個(gè)句子來(lái)?yè)?dān)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)時(shí)，這個(gè)句子就叫做主語(yǔ)從句、或賓語(yǔ)從句、或表語(yǔ)從句、語(yǔ)時(shí)，這個(gè)句子就叫做主語(yǔ)從句、或賓語(yǔ)從句、或表語(yǔ)從句、或同位語(yǔ)從句。這些從句的統(tǒng)稱(chēng)為名詞性從句?；蛲徽Z(yǔ)從句。這些從句的統(tǒng)稱(chēng)為名詞性從句。一、名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞有：一、名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞有： 任何一種從句都必須由一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)名詞性從任何一種從句都必須由一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞在語(yǔ)法上稱(chēng)為連接詞。而連接詞又根據(jù)

2、它們?cè)诰渥泳涞囊龑?dǎo)詞在語(yǔ)法上稱(chēng)為連接詞。而連接詞又根據(jù)它們?cè)诰渥又械牟煌饔糜直粍澐譃椋褐械牟煌饔糜直粍澐譃椋哼B接詞連接詞 連接代詞連接代詞 連接副詞連接副詞. .連接詞連接詞 ： that、 if、 whether連接代詞連接代詞 ：who、 whose、 what、which 連接副詞：連接副詞： when、 where、why、how、 how long二、各種連接詞的用法：二、各種連接詞的用法：1.連接詞連接詞 that、whether、if 不在它們引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句不在它們引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句 中充中充當(dāng)句子成分。當(dāng)句子成分。 注：注：whether引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，既可以直接位于句首，也引

3、導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，既可以直接位于句首，也可以位于句末；可以位于句末；if 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)只能用于引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)只能用于it作形式主語(yǔ)作形式主語(yǔ)的從句中。的從句中。whether可以與可以與or not連用，連用，if則不行則不行. 2. 連接代詞連接代詞who、whose、what、 which等都在句子中等都在句子中 擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)句子成擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)句子成 分。比如：主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等等。分。比如：主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等等。3. 連接副詞連接副詞when、where、how、how long等分別在句子等分別在句子中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、方式狀語(yǔ)等等。中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、方式狀語(yǔ)等等。1. _ he wi

4、ll come to the discussion is certain. 2. _ I like best is a book. 3. _ I like the book best is known to everyone. 4. _ she looked after the old patient a whole year moves us all. 5. _ puzzled the police specially was how the murder died.6. _ surprised me most was _ she looked after the old patient a

5、 whole year . 1/. 區(qū)別區(qū)別what與與that the bookThat What That That What What that the old patient2/. 區(qū)別區(qū)別whether與與if1. _ we need it is a different matter. A . Whether B. What C. That D. If 2. It is a different matter _ we need it. A. that B. whether C. if D. what3. It doesnt matter _ we need it or not. A.

6、 whether B. if C. that D./4. I shall tell him the truth, _.A. whether he likes it or not B. no matter he likes it or notC. whether or not he likes D. no matter how likes it 1/.whether引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，既可以直接位于句首，也可以引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，既可以直接位于句首，也可以 位于句末；位于句末；if引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)只能用于引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)只能用于it作形式主語(yǔ)的從作形式主語(yǔ)的從 句中。一般說(shuō)來(lái)句中。一般說(shuō)來(lái)whether可以

7、與可以與or not 連用，連用，if則不行。則不行。 AB CAA1. The question _ we need it has not been decided. A. that B. what C. if D. whether2. Father made a promise _ I passed the exam he would buy me a bicycle. A. that B. if C. whether D. that if3. They are investigating the question _ the man is trustworthy. A. that B.

8、if C. whether D. that if2/. whether引導(dǎo)的從句可以作名詞的同位語(yǔ)，引導(dǎo)的從句可以作名詞的同位語(yǔ)，if則不行。則不行。DDC1. I worry about _ I hurt her feelings. A. that B. what C. if D. whether2. It all depends on _ they will support us. A. that B. what C. if D. whetherD3/. whether引導(dǎo)的從句可以充當(dāng)介詞賓語(yǔ)，引導(dǎo)的從句可以充當(dāng)介詞賓語(yǔ)，if則不行。則不行。 D1. _ he comes or not,

9、 we will begin our party on time A. that B. what C. if D. whether4/. whether引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表示引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“ 不管不管 ”； “ 不論不論 ”， 不能由不能由if 取代。取代。Dwho: 誰(shuí)誰(shuí) whoever： 無(wú)論是誰(shuí)無(wú)論是誰(shuí)what : “的東西（事情）的東西（事情）”或或“什么什么”，相當(dāng)于，相當(dāng)于all that 。whatever：無(wú)論：無(wú)論的東西（事情）等。的東西（事情）等。Which：哪一個(gè)：哪一個(gè) whichever： 無(wú)論哪一個(gè)無(wú)論哪一個(gè)When: 什么時(shí)候什么時(shí)候 whenever：

10、無(wú)論什么時(shí)候無(wú)論什么時(shí)候Where：哪里；：哪里； 什么地方什么地方 wherever： 無(wú)論什么地方無(wú)論什么地方同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句 同位語(yǔ)從句跟在某些名詞，同位語(yǔ)從句跟在某些名詞， 如：如：idea, news, promise, fact、thought、reply、report、question、hope、word、suggestion、doubt 等，的后面等，的后面, 用來(lái)表示它們的具體內(nèi)容用來(lái)表示它們的具體內(nèi)容, 引導(dǎo)詞有連詞引導(dǎo)詞有連詞that, 副詞副詞how, when, where等。等。1. I have no idea that he has already gone

11、 abroad. 2. The news that she had passed the entrance examination made her parents very happy. 3. The text tells us a fact that smoking does great harm to peoples health. 4. I have no idea when Jack will be back. 5. He cant answer the question how he got the money. 同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別: 1. 同位語(yǔ)

12、從句中，同位語(yǔ)從句中，that 是連詞，不充當(dāng)成分。是連詞，不充當(dāng)成分。2. 定語(yǔ)從句中，定語(yǔ)從句中，that 起連接作用外，還充當(dāng)成分。起連接作用外，還充當(dāng)成分。3. 同位語(yǔ)從句與前面的名詞是同位關(guān)系，定語(yǔ)從句與前面的同位語(yǔ)從句與前面的名詞是同位關(guān)系，定語(yǔ)從句與前面的名詞是所屬關(guān)系，起修飾作用。名詞是所屬關(guān)系，起修飾作用。4. 同位語(yǔ)從句的連詞同位語(yǔ)從句的連詞that 一般不能省略，定語(yǔ)從句中，作賓一般不能省略，定語(yǔ)從句中，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，?？墒÷浴ＵZ(yǔ)時(shí)，?？墒÷浴?. We expressed the hope (that) they had expressed. 我們表達(dá)了他們?cè)?jīng)表示的那種希

13、望。（定語(yǔ)從句）我們表達(dá)了他們?cè)?jīng)表示的那種希望。（定語(yǔ)從句）2. We expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again. 我們表示希望他們?cè)賮?lái)中國(guó)訪(fǎng)問(wèn)。（同位語(yǔ)從句）我們表示希望他們?cè)賮?lái)中國(guó)訪(fǎng)問(wèn)。（同位語(yǔ)從句）1. There is a popular belief among parents that schools dont pay any attention to handwriting. 2. The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprise

14、s many people. 3. The news that he told me just now is true.4. The idea that he gave surprises many people5. The kings decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people. 6. The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general. 7. The question that he raised p

15、uzzled all of us. 8. This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible. ( 同同 )( 同同 )( 同同 )( 同同 )( 定定 )( 同同 )( 定定 )( 定定 )三、三、that-從句作主語(yǔ)通常用從句作主語(yǔ)通常用 it 作先行詞，而將作先行詞，而將that-從句置從句置 于句末。于句末。 1. It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure. （ That the whole project

16、is doomed to failure is quite clear. ） 2. Its a pity that you should have to leave. （ That you should have to leave is a pity. ）用用 it 作形式主語(yǔ)的作形式主語(yǔ)的 that- 從句有以下幾種不同的搭配關(guān)系：從句有以下幾種不同的搭配關(guān)系：a. It + be +形容詞形容詞+ that-從句從句It is necessary that 有必要有必要It is important that 重要的是重要的是It is obvious that 很明顯很明顯 It is

17、strange that 奇怪奇怪 It is natural that 是很自然的。是很自然的。1. It is important that we (should) unite with all that can be united.2. It is necessary that he (should) be sent there at once.3. It is important that the students (should) pronounce every word correctly.4. It is natural that he (should) change his m

18、ind.b. 1/. It + be + -ed 分詞分詞+ that-從句從句 It is believed that人們相信人們相信 It is known to all that 從所周知從所周知 It has been decided that 已決定已決定1. It is thought that Joe drives badly.2. It was well known that Napoleon always asked the same three questions, and usually in the same order. 3. It is widely believe

19、d that the more you learn, the more likely you will win.4. It is known to all that he has got many stamps of a particular kind. 2/. It is suggested that It is ordered that It is requested that It is proposed that 1. It is requested that they should performance at the party.2. It is desired that we should get everything ready by tonight.c. It + be +名詞名詞+ that-從句從句It is a pity that 令人遺憾的是令人遺憾的是 It is a surprise that 令人驚奇的是令人驚奇的是It is