八年級(jí)下冊文知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、Unit3 Could you please clean your room?Section A1. Peter ,could you please take out the trash? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了嗎？（課文圖片）【考點(diǎn)分析1】Could you please do sth ?請你（做）.好嗎？ 相當(dāng)于“Will/Would you please動(dòng)詞原形”【用法】該句型常用來向別人有禮貌地提出要求，要求對方做某事或委婉地提出看法 Could 不是can的過去式，是委婉、禮貌的說法。回答用can.【常用答語】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No

2、problem.等， 也可以用can/may, 不能用could.否定回答： Sorry , I cant Could you please help me with my homework? Sure./Of course./ Certainly. Sorry, I cant . Im busy now.【注意】Can/Could/Will/Would you please后面接動(dòng)詞原形， 其否定形式是在動(dòng)詞原形前加not。 Would you please not open the door？請你不要開門，好嗎？1、Would you please help me with my writ

3、ing skills? _You can come to my office every Saturday. AThat's all right BNot at all CNo problem DNo，thanks 2、Tom , would you please _ the box? Its for your sister. A. not open B. dont open C. not to open D. to not open3、Could you please pass me the dictionary? _ AYes，could BSure，here you are CN

4、o，I couldn't DNo，that's no problem【考點(diǎn)分析2】take out 取出（v+ adv） The gift is in the box. You can take it out.【注】: 跟代詞做賓語，代詞放中間； 跟名詞做賓語，可放在中間，也可放在后邊（ ）His teeth hurt badly. The dentist _. A .take out it B. take out them C. take it out D .take them out 【短語】與take 相關(guān)的短語：take out the trash 倒垃圾take a

5、walk 散步 take away 拿走，取走take back 收回 take place 發(fā)生 take off 脫下； 起飛1、 You had better hurry or well be late for the plane. The plane will _in a few minutes. A. take up B. take downC. take off D. take away2. Can you do the dishes.？那你可以洗盤子嗎？(1c) 【考點(diǎn)分析】 do the dishes 洗碗【拓展】do 構(gòu)成的短語【結(jié)構(gòu)1】do the +名詞do the di

6、shes洗餐具 do the laundry 衣服【結(jié)構(gòu)2】do the +動(dòng)詞-ingdo the cleaning 打掃衛(wèi)生do ones homework 做家庭作業(yè)【結(jié)構(gòu)3】do ones + 名詞 do ones housework做家務(wù)【結(jié)構(gòu)4】do some +動(dòng)詞-ingdo some reading 讀書 do some shopping 購物 ( ) He helps his mother _ after every meal. A. does the dishes B. do the dish C. do the dishes D. does the dish3. Cou

7、ld I at least finish watching this show? 至少讓我看完這個(gè)節(jié)目可以嗎？(2d) 【考點(diǎn)分析1】Could I do sth? 我可以做.嗎？（用于表達(dá)請求，語氣比較委婉。） Could I go out with my classmate this weekend?1、Could I borrow your camera？ _，but please give it back by Saturday. AI am sorry BOf course CCertainly not DNo，thanks【考點(diǎn)分析2】at least 至少，多指數(shù)量或程度上的最低

8、限度(反) at most 至少，不超過1、Now all of us exercise at _ least _ hour a day and outside school. A. the; a B.a; an C.不填；a D.不填；an【考點(diǎn)分析3】 finish v 結(jié)束；完成 finish doing sth 做完某事1、 Can you finish _ these books before 10 o'clock? Yes, I can. A. to read B. read C. reads D. reading【拓展】后接ving 形式作賓語的動(dòng)詞還有：Practice

9、 doing sth 練習(xí)做某事enjoy doing sth喜歡做某事keep doing sth堅(jiān)持做某事avoid doing sth 避免做某事mind doing sth 介意做某事suggest doing sth 建議做某事4. I think two hours of TV is enough for you! (2d) 我覺得你看兩個(gè)小時(shí)的電視已經(jīng)足夠了?！究键c(diǎn)分析1】 two hours of TV 看兩個(gè)小時(shí)的電視表示時(shí)間、距離、金額、度量等詞語作主語時(shí)，通常被視作整體，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。1、 How time is flies! Three years _(be) r

10、eally a short time. 【考點(diǎn)分析2】 enough adj. 足夠的，充分的 enough作形容詞足夠的，充分的在句中作定語或表語I dont have enough money with me.作副詞 足夠；充分放在形容詞；副詞后The river is deep enough for swimming. 【記】 Mr. Smith has enough money ,but he isnt kind enough to help others.【注意】enough 修飾名詞時(shí)，置于名詞前；修飾形容詞時(shí)，置于形容詞之后。 ( ) You are not _ to take

11、part in the match. Please work hard and try to improve yourself. A. good enough B. Enough good C. well enough5. Could you take out the rubbish, fold the clothes and do the dishes? (2d) 你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服疊好，再把碗洗了嗎？【考點(diǎn)分析】 take out 拿出；取出【拓展1】take 的用法：take 拿；取Please take some books to the classroom. 吃；喝；服用 Tak

12、e this medicine three times a day. 乘（車；船等）They usually take the bus to work.花費(fèi)（時(shí)間；金錢）It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.【拓展2】take 構(gòu)成的短語：take a walk 去散步take a rest 休息take care of 照顧 take off 脫下；起飛take up 占據(jù) take down 拿下take ones time 不急；慢慢來take ones temperature 量體溫6. The minute I sat d

13、own in front of the TV, my mom came over .(3a) 我剛坐在電視機(jī)前面，我媽媽就過來了。 【考點(diǎn)分析1】 the minute =when= as soon as “一. 就.” ,用作從屬連詞， 用來引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句 Please write to me the minute you get there. 【考點(diǎn)分析2】 in front of指在物體外部的前面【拓展】in front of / in the front of 辨析in front of指在物體外部的前面There is a bike in front of the classroo

14、m.in the front of指在物體內(nèi)部的前面Our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom 【記】 The driver sat _ the car. The policeman stood _ the car.1、 Do you know the girl _ is standing _ the tree? Yes, she is my friend, Zhang Ying. A. that, in the front of B. whom , under C. who, in front of D. which, behi

15、nd【注意】有the無the區(qū)別大： at table 吃飯；進(jìn)餐 /at the table 在桌邊 in hospital 住院/in the hospital 在醫(yī)院（不一定看病）【考點(diǎn)分析3】 come over 過來 【拓展】 come 短語：come across（偶然）發(fā)現(xiàn) come back 回來 come up with想出 come true實(shí)現(xiàn) come down下來 come from=be from來自,出生于come in/into進(jìn)入,進(jìn)來 come on趕快,加油 come along走吧,過來,快點(diǎn)come and go來來去去 come out出來，(花)開

16、來 come up上來1、 The great writer has written many stories for children. It is said that a new one will _ at the end of this month. A. go out B. come out C. look out D. run out2、Scientists are trying their best to _ ways to treat the terrible disease called H7N9. A. come up with B. look forward to C. t

17、alk about D. give up7.“No !” She replied angrily. “不行” 她生氣地回答道。(3a) 【考點(diǎn)分析】 reply v 答復(fù)、回答 reply to sb./ sth 對某人/某物作出回答或反應(yīng)。【拓展】answer/reply 辨析：相同點(diǎn)v “回答”不同點(diǎn)answer主要用于對問題等的回答answer this questionanswer the telephonereply指對問題作出解釋、陳述性回答，跟賓語時(shí)與 to 連用。Mike replied to his mother.n 答案、答復(fù) the answer /reply to 的答

18、案/答復(fù)( ) Dont forget _to my question.   A. to answer       B. to reply       C. replying        D. answering 8. You watch TV all the time and

19、 never help out around the house!(3a) 你總是看電視，從不幫忙做家務(wù)！ 【考點(diǎn)分析】 all the time = always 一直；總是( ) Mans understanding of nature is developing _ . It never stays at the same level .A. at the right time B. for the first time C. from time to time D. all the time【拓展】與time相關(guān)的短語：on time 按時(shí) form time to time偶爾 at

20、 times 有時(shí)in time 及時(shí)the first time 第一次 next time 下次at the same time同時(shí) last time上次time and time again 一再；經(jīng)常1、Tom didnt go to school _ this morning because he overslept. A. at once B. on time C. by accident D. at present9. Im just as tired as you are! 我和你一樣累！(3a) 【考點(diǎn)分析】 as.as . 和.一樣.1、There are a small

21、 number of people involved, possibly _twenty. A. as few as B. as little as C. as many as D. as much as 【注】比較級(jí)倍數(shù)表達(dá)句型為：倍數(shù)+as+形容詞、副詞原級(jí)+as+比較對象1、 Its said that the power plant is now_ large as what it was. A. twice as B. as twice C. twice much D. much twice10. For one week , she did not do any housework

22、 and neither did I.(3a) 一周的時(shí)間，她不做任何家務(wù)，我也不做?！究键c(diǎn)分析】 neither +助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 +主語 “某人（主語） 也不”【拓展】“neitherbe動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主語”表示“也不”。 neither此處用作副詞，意為“也不”。He doesn't like swimming and neither do I他不喜歡游泳，我也不喜歡。1.I don't like documentaries. _ASo do I BSo I do CNeither do I DEither do I 2.I'm not goin

23、g swimming tomorrow afternoon. _I have to clean up my bedroom. ASo am I BNeither am I CNeither I am DSo I am3I'd like you to tell me something about Shen Nongjia. I'm sorry，but neither Jack nor I_there. Ahave been Bhas been Chave gone Dhas gone4Neither my sister nor I_been to America before.

24、 Ahave ever Bhave never Chas ever Dhas never【拓展】neither作代詞，意為“(兩者)都不”。 1、 I have two sisters, but _of them is a teacher. A. all B. neither C. both D. noneneither作形容詞，與名詞單數(shù)連用，意為“(兩者)都不的”。 Neither answer is right.兩個(gè)答案都不對。neithernor意為“既不也不”。 Neither you nor I am right.你不對，我也不對。 1、 Which do you prefer,

25、a CD player or a walkman? _. I prefer a portable computer. A. Both B. Either C. None D. Neither2、He speaks _English _French. Instead, he speaks German. A either; or B not only; but also C both; and D neither; nor11. The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.(3a) 第二天，

26、媽媽下班回到家后發(fā)現(xiàn)房間很干凈、整潔。 【考點(diǎn)分析】 find +賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語【拓展】 find的用法：find found found v尋找find sb. doing sth發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事find it + adj. + to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很find it difficult/ hard to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很困難( ) She found _ hard to finish the work by herself. A. that B. its C. it D. this12. She asked in surprise.她吃驚地問道。(3a)【考點(diǎn)分析】 in

27、 surprise 驚奇地；吃驚地 surprise v 使吃驚surprising adj. 令人吃驚的 surprised adj. 吃驚的 to ones surprise 使某人吃驚的是 in surprise 吃驚地 be surprised at 對感到吃驚1、I was very surprised when the alien went into a souvenir shop. A. excited B. amazing C. relaxing D. Amazed13. “ Im do sorry, Mom. I finish understand that we need

28、to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home.” I replied.(3a) “對不起，媽媽。我終于理解為了擁有一個(gè)干凈、舒適的家我們需要共同來分擔(dān)家務(wù)?！?我回答說?！究键c(diǎn)分析1】 need v 需要【拓展1】用于肯定句，是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。need sth需要某物I need your help.sb. need to do sth某人需要做某事Students need _(have) a good rest in studying.sth need doing sth= sth need to be done某物需要被

29、做.The watch needs_(mend).【拓展2】need用于否定句或疑問句，是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(1)neednt = dont have to 沒有必要(2)need ,must 引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句，肯定會(huì)的用must,否定回答用neednt Must I go there now? Yes，you must/No, you neednt1、 Dont throw away the waste paper, It needs _ so that it can be reused. A. to destroy B. destroying C. to collect D. collecting2

30、、Lisa is a little poor at Chinse . I think she needs _ it every day. A. practice to speak B. to practice speaking C. practice speaking【考點(diǎn)分析2】 share v分享；共用 share sth 分享或共用某物 share sth with sb. 與某人分享某物( ) All his friends _ his happiness when he won the match. A. Shared B. Shared from C. Shared with14.

31、Could I hang out with my friends after the movie?(3a) 看完電影后我能和朋友們一起閑逛嗎？ 【考點(diǎn)分析】 hang out 閑逛 hang up 掛斷電話 hang on （打電話時(shí)）不掛斷15. Could you please pass me the salt?你能把鹽遞給我嗎？(4a) 【考點(diǎn)分析】 pass v 給；遞；走過；通過 passv 給；遞；走過；通過pass sb.sth =pass sth to sb把某物遞給某人 Pass on 傳遞 通過；路過I pass your home. 通過（考試） ；及格Tom can p

32、ass his math exam.1、If Nancy _ the exam , she will go to Australia for English study. A. pass B. passed C. passes D. will pass16. Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本書看嗎、(4a) Could you lend me some money?你能借我一些錢嗎？ 【考點(diǎn)分析】 borrow v借入【拓展】borrow /lend/keep辨析：單詞意義常見搭配例句borrow借(進(jìn))borrow sth from

33、0;sb向某人借某物You can borrow this book from the library.你可以從圖書館借這本書lend借(出)lend sb sthlend sth to sb借給某人某物You mustn't lend this book to others.你不能把這本書借給別人。keep保留，引申為“借用”“sb keep sth時(shí)間段”表示“某人借某多長時(shí)間”，也可與how long連用You can keep the book for two weeks.這本書你可以借兩個(gè)星期1、

34、Excuse me,can I_ your pen? Sorry,I have _ it to Bob. A.borrow; lent B.borrow; borrowed C.lend; borrowed D.lend; lent2、 I _ 300 for the bike. A. took B. spent C. cost D. paid3、60. It only _ me half an hour_ to school every day last term. A. takes; riding B. spent; to ride C. cost; walk D. took; to wa

35、lk 4、. 一 Where are you going? 一 To the library. I've finished reading this book, so Im going to _it. A. buy B. throw C. return D. borrow1、 How long may I _ your dictionary? 一 For one week. But it mustn't _ to others. A. keep, be lent B. borrow, lend C. lend, be borrowed D. have, borrow17. I

36、cut my finger and Im trying not to get it wet.(4a) 我的手指割傷了，傷口不能弄濕。 【考點(diǎn)分析】try (not) to do sth努力（不）做某事。 【拓展】 try v 試圖，設(shè)法，努力 try on 試穿try out試用，試驗(yàn) have a try = want a go 試一試try to do sth 努力做某事 【側(cè)重盡力做】try doing sth 試圖做某事【側(cè)重嘗試做】try ones best to do sth= do ones best to do sth 盡某人最大努力做某事【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】【2013廣東2】 I d

37、idnt hear you come in just now. Thats good. We tried _ any noise, for you were sleeping. A. not make B. not to make C. to make D. making18. I hate to do chores. 我討厭做家務(wù)。(4b) 【考點(diǎn)分析】hate to do sth 討厭做某事, 表示某次具體行為或動(dòng)作。 I hate to trouble him. hate doing sth不愿意做某事 表示經(jīng)常或習(xí)慣性行為或動(dòng)作。 She hates smoking in her ro

38、om. 19.Could I ask you to help me with some chores then? (4b) 那我能請求你幫我做些雜活嗎？ 【考點(diǎn)分析】ask sb. to do sth 要求某人做某事?！就卣埂?ask構(gòu)成的短語：短語含義 ask for請求，要某物ask sb. about sth向某人詢問關(guān)于某事 ask sb. to do sth請某人做某事ask sb. not to do sth不讓某人做某事ask sb for sth 向某人要某物ask for help 尋求幫助1、When you have difficulty, do remember to

39、_ . Two heads are better than one. A. make a decision B. give up C. ask for help D. give advice 2、 Mr. Li asks the students _ in the river, because its too dangerous. A. swim B. to swim C. not to swim D. to not swim3、 Our teacher often asks us _ questions in groups. A. discuss B. to discuss C. discu

40、ssing D. discussed20.Ill finish my homework while you help me with the dishes.(4b) 當(dāng)你幫我洗盤子的時(shí)候，我將完成我的家庭作業(yè)。 【考點(diǎn)分析1】finish doing sth 完成某事【1、 Can you finish _ these books before 10 oclock? Yes, I can. A. to read B. read C. reads D. reading 【考點(diǎn)分析2】while conj. “在期間； 當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”【拓展】While 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句,表示主句和從句的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)

41、進(jìn)行，并且強(qiáng)調(diào)在 從句所指的時(shí)間內(nèi)，主句動(dòng)作一直在延續(xù)，while從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù) 動(dòng)詞，從句中的動(dòng)詞往往用進(jìn)行時(shí)。1、_ the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach. A. When B. If C. While D. Once1、Sally took a photo of her friends while they _ computer games. A. play B. are playing C. have played D. were playing 【考點(diǎn)分析3】help sb.

42、with sth. 在某事上幫助某人【拓展】help 的用法：help v幫助 helpful adj. 有幫助的help sb.( to) do sth幫助某人做某事help oneself （ to ）自用（食物等）help sb. out 幫助某人克服困難with the help of在幫助下help sb. with sth幫助某人做某事cant help doing sth情不自禁做.1、Ann often helps me _ math after school. A. for B. with C. on D. by Unit3 Could you please clean yo

43、ur room Section B1. Could I invite my friends to a party? 我能邀請我的朋友們來聚會(huì)嗎？(1b) 【考點(diǎn)分析】invite sb. to Sp. 邀請某人去某地【拓展】invite v 邀請invite v invitation n邀請You should refuse his _(invite) .He is really friendly.invite sb. to do sth邀請某人做某事We invited him _(join) us to practice speaking English.invite sb. to +地點(diǎn)

44、邀請某人去某地1、Lucy is shy. She would not invite her classmates _ dancing with here. A. practice B. practice C. practicing D. to practice2. No, you cant have a party. 不， 你不能舉辦聚會(huì)。(1b)【考點(diǎn)分析】cant 不能；不會(huì)1、Hurry up，or you _catch the trainAcant Bneednt Cmustn't D. shouldnt2、 Whos the man over there? Is it Mr

45、. Black? It _ be him. Hes much taller. A. may not B. cant C. will not D. mustnt3. I dont understand why some parents make their kids help with houseworkand chores at home. 我不理解為什么有些父母在家讓孩子們幫忙做家務(wù)和雜務(wù)。(2b)【考點(diǎn)分析】make sb. do sth 讓某人做某事【拓展】make made made v. 做， 制作， 使得make sb/sth + 形容詞“讓某人或某物”make you happy

46、make sb/sth do sth使某人做某事make me laugh.1、He lost his key. It made him _ in the cold to wait for his wifes return. A. to stay B. stayed C. stays D. stay【make短語】:make sure 確信make a dialogue編對話make a mistake犯錯(cuò)誤make a noise吵鬧 make tea沏茶make a decision作出決定 make faces做鬼臉make money賺錢 make a living 謀生make fr

47、iends (with)和.交朋友make room for給.讓地方make the bed 整理床鋪make fun of = laugh at 取笑 1、 Every morning I _(整理床鋪) and clean the living room.4.They do not have time to study and do housework，too. (2b) 他們也沒有時(shí)間來學(xué)習(xí)家務(wù)和做家務(wù)。 【考點(diǎn)分析】have time to do sth.有時(shí)間做某事 have time =be free 有空5. Housework is a waste of their time

48、. 做家務(wù)是在浪費(fèi)他們的時(shí)間。(2b) 【考點(diǎn)分析】a waste of 浪費(fèi)【拓展】waste v “浪費(fèi)”a waste of time 浪費(fèi)時(shí)間a waste of money 浪費(fèi)金錢waste water廢水 waste paper 廢紙waste time/money on sthDont waste time on computer games.waste time / money (in) doing sth在做某事上花費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢Dont waste time (in) playing computer games.1、( ) Dont _water. Cant you se

49、e the sign “save water”?(waste)6. They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university. (2b) 為了取得好成績并考上一所好大學(xué)，他們應(yīng)該把時(shí)間用在學(xué)習(xí)上。 【考點(diǎn)分析1】spend. on sth 在某事上花費(fèi).【拓展】spend/pay/cost/take 花費(fèi)易混詞主語常用結(jié)構(gòu)例句spend人sb spend time/money on sth某人在某事上花費(fèi)時(shí)間/

50、金錢sb spend time/money (in) doing sth某人花費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢做某事He spends much money on books.他將很多錢花在買書上。pay人sb pay some money for sth某人為某物而付款； sb pay for sth某人為某物付錢，賠償He has paid the doctor 50 pounds for the medicine. 他買

51、藥付給醫(yī)生50英鎊cost事或物coststh cost (sb) some money某物花費(fèi)(某人)多少錢It costs you 12 pounds to go to London by ship.takeitit takes sb some time to do sth 某人花費(fèi)多長時(shí)間做某事It took me ten minutes to go to the post office. 我去郵局花了十分鐘時(shí)間。1、 -Do you know the price of the ticket? -Yes. Each_¥180. A pays B coasts C takes D.spends 2、