高中英語定語從句詳解

1、The Attributive ClauseWhich one is Harry Porter ?The boy is Harry Porter Which one is Harry Porter ?The boy _ is Harry Porter .who is wearing glasses定語從句定語從句一、概念一、概念:在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子. (在句子中作在句子中作定語定語) (Attributive clause)Harry Porter is a smart boy.Harry Porter is a boy who has magic p

2、ower.形容詞作定語形容詞作定語句子作定語句子作定語,修飾修飾boy, 叫做叫做定語從句定語從句Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.先行詞先行詞 關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞定語從句定語從句關(guān)系關(guān)系代詞代詞關(guān)系關(guān)系副詞副詞which, who, whom, whose, thatwhere, when，why二、用法二、用法: :These are the trees which / that were planted last year.先先行行詞詞是是人人關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞: who whom whose that which先行詞是先行詞是物物These

3、are the students who / that won the first place last year.引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞Have a try指出關(guān)系代詞（副詞）在定語從句中的成份：指出關(guān)系代詞（副詞）在定語從句中的成份：1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. ( )2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( )3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. ( )4.I like the book (which) you boug

4、ht yesterday. ( ) 主語賓語定語賓語1. who, whom, whose, that 用法區(qū)別用法區(qū)別. who 作定語從句的作定語從句的主語主語或或賓語賓語. The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.分解分解作主語作主語 whom 作定語從句的作定語從句的賓語賓語 The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.The woman is a teacher

5、.They wanted to visit the woman.分解分解作賓語作賓語 that 可以作定語從句的可以作定語從句的主語主語和和賓語賓語. The woman (whom / that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.可省略可省略 The man who / that is speaking at the meeting is a worker. whose 作定語從句的作定語從句的定語定語 (whose既可以指人，也可以指物既可以指人，也可以指物). I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解分解

6、I know the girl.The girls mother is a teacher.作定語作定語I have a book whose cover is yellow.2. which, that 的的用法用法which 作定語從句的作定語從句的主語主語或或賓語賓語.I like the book (which / that) you bought yesterday.This is a truck which / that is made in China.作主語作主語作賓語作賓語可省略可省略3. 只能用只能用that的情況的情況 序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞或或形容詞最高級(jí)形容詞最高級(jí)修飾先行詞時(shí)

7、修飾先行詞時(shí) Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known. This is the first play that I have seen since I came here.everything, something, nothing, all, anything, little, much等等不定代詞不定代詞作先行作先行詞時(shí)詞時(shí) Everything that we saw in this film was true. 先行詞被先行詞被every, some, no, all, any, little, much等修飾時(shí)。等修飾時(shí)。Ive

8、 read all the books that you lend me. 先行詞被先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時(shí)。修飾時(shí)。This is the very book that belongs to him. 主句已有主句已有who或或which時(shí)時(shí)Who is the girl that is standing under the tree?Which is the machine that we used last Sunday. 當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)指當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)指人人和和物物時(shí)時(shí)Ive never heard of the peopl

9、e and things that you talked about just now.4.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí) (介詞提前介詞提前) .指指人只用人只用whom, 指物只用指物只用whichThis is the boy with whom he talked. This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars.主語主語賓語賓語定語定語指人指人whothatwhom（優(yōu)先）（優(yōu)先）whothatwhose（of whom）指物指物WhichthatWhichthatWhose(of which)指人和物指人和物thatthatw

10、hose（一）引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞（一）引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞19when, where, why關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞先行詞先行詞在從句中的成分在從句中的成分when時(shí)間時(shí)間時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語狀語where 地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)狀語狀語why reason原因原因狀語狀語（二）引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系副詞（二）引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系副詞 1. This is the place where I was born. 2. I remember the day when I first met him. 3. Can you tell me the reason why you lied to me?關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞W

11、hen=on(in,during)whichwhere=on(in,in front of)whichWhy=for which（三）關(guān)系副詞（三）關(guān)系副詞與與介詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞的替代的替代22when when可用可用in/on/at/during +which 代替代替1.I still remember the day.2.I first met him on the day.I still remember the day on which I first met him.whenwhich23where where可用in/on/at/to + which代替1.The di

12、ctionary is the only place.2. Success comes before work in the dictionary.The dictionary is the only place in which success comes before work.where which.24ABC1.America is the country.2.I was born in the country.America is the country in which I was born.which. whereBBCBeijing is the city in which I

13、 was born. where=American born Chinese=Beijing born Chinese25why why可用可用for +which 代替代替1.This is the reason.2.I was late for school for this reason.This is the reason for which I was late for school. whywhich.26關(guān)系關(guān)系代詞代詞和關(guān)系和關(guān)系副詞副詞的區(qū)別的區(qū)別關(guān)系關(guān)系代詞代詞在定語從句中在定語從句中作主語、賓語作主語、賓語關(guān)系關(guān)系副詞副詞在定語從句中在定語從句中作狀語作狀語如何選用定語從

14、句的關(guān)系詞如何選用定語從句的關(guān)系詞 1.首先分清主句和定語從句首先分清主句和定語從句 2.確定定語從句的先行詞確定定語從句的先行詞 3.把先行詞帶回到定語從句中去，看其把先行詞帶回到定語從句中去，看其在定語從句中做什么語法成分（主語，在定語從句中做什么語法成分（主語，賓語，定語或狀語）賓語，定語或狀語） 4.若先行詞在從句中做若先行詞在從句中做主語、賓語或定主語、賓語或定語語則選擇則選擇關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞，若在從句中做，若在從句中做狀語狀語，則選擇則選擇關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞。由由Who Who 引導(dǎo)的定語從句，在句中做主語引導(dǎo)的定語從句，在句中做主語 賓語賓語1、Do you know the ma

15、n _ is talking with your father? A. whose B. who C. which2、The boys _ the teacher talked to are from Class One. A. when B. which C. who3、Those _ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. A. who B. which C. whom4. The gentleman _ you told me yesterday proved to be a t

16、hief. A. who B. about whom C. whom5. The doctor _ you are looking for is in the room. A. whom B. what C. which6. The teacher for _ you are waiting has come. A. who B. whom C. that由由Whom Whom 引導(dǎo)的定語從句，在句中做賓引導(dǎo)的定語從句，在句中做賓語語介詞提前時(shí)只能用介詞提前時(shí)只能用 whom7. A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan. A. which

17、B. his C. whose 8. This book is for the students _ native(本國(guó)的本國(guó)的) language is not English. A. that B. of whom C. whose 9. The boy _ composition won the first prize is the youngest in the group. A. who B. whose C. that由由Whose Whose 引導(dǎo)的定語從句引導(dǎo)的定語從句, , 在句中做定語在句中做定語10、He prefers to eat the rice _ in the

18、south. A. who is grown B. which is grown C. when is grown11、 The knife _ I cut the apple with cant be found. A. which B. who C. what 12、The room in _ there are many books is mine. A. that B. who C. which13、This is the pen _ he bought yesterday. A. which B. who C. when由由Which Which 引導(dǎo)的定語從句，在句中做主語引導(dǎo)的定

19、語從句，在句中做主語 賓語賓語介詞提前時(shí)只能用介詞提前時(shí)只能用 whichthat14. All _ is needed is a supply of oil. A. which B. that C. what15. Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police. A. which B. what C. that先行詞是不定代詞先行詞是不定代詞 all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything只能用只能用that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)16. Its the most

20、 boring film _ I have ever seen. A. which B. that C. whose17. This is the first car _ arrived this morning. A. which B. who C. that 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)飾時(shí)只能用只能用that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)18. I know all people _ are from that village. A. who B. that C. whose19. There is no water _ is needed badly. A. which

21、B. who C. that20. Please take any seat _ is free. A. which B. that C. in which先行詞被先行詞被all, any, every, few, little, no, some 等修飾時(shí)等修飾時(shí)只能用只能用that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)21. That is the very book _ I was looking for. A. who B. that C. which22. After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing _ he owns. A. who B.

22、 that C. which先行詞被先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last 等修飾時(shí)等修飾時(shí)只能用只能用that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)23. The speaker spoke of some writers and some books _ were popular then. A. who B. that C. which先行詞被既有人又有物時(shí)先行詞被既有人又有物時(shí)只能用只能用that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)24. Who is the worker _ took some pictures of the factory. A. who B. that C. which主句已有主句已有who或或which時(shí)時(shí),只能用只能用that 引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)1. I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.who/tha