初中升高中英語(yǔ)銜接知識(shí)認(rèn)識(shí)初、高中英語(yǔ)的區(qū)別一(文檔)

1、初中升高中英語(yǔ)銜接知識(shí)認(rèn)識(shí)初、高中英語(yǔ)的區(qū)別一重、難點(diǎn)：（一）認(rèn)識(shí)初、高中英語(yǔ)的區(qū)別 即將開始的高中學(xué)習(xí)生活，特別是英語(yǔ)的學(xué)習(xí)是與初中階段有著很大不同的：1. 課本編排上的區(qū)別：初中的每一個(gè)單元是分為4課的，每篇中有的是對(duì)話，有的是閱讀文，也配有一些練習(xí)，而高中的每個(gè)單元并不分課，而是基本上按版塊劃分，大體為“Warming up”（熱身），即是針對(duì)本單元的話題提出的一些問題，以練習(xí)口語(yǔ)的形式做引子，便于進(jìn)入本單元的主題，然后為“l(fā)istening”（聽力）和“speaking”（說），這兩部分都是旨在進(jìn)一步提高我們的聽、說能力，難度較初中有較大的提高，請(qǐng)同學(xué)們做好準(zhǔn)備。下個(gè)部分就是“Read

2、ing”了，高中的閱讀文分為閱讀前和閱讀后的討論、思考問題并加入了有關(guān)的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)及練習(xí)，可以說在內(nèi)容上是極大地豐富了。除此之外還會(huì)有稍短的閱讀，寫作等方面的練習(xí)，即“Integrating skills”（綜合訓(xùn)練）當(dāng)然書后的workbook也與初中不同，內(nèi)容更為豐富，練習(xí)也更多。2. 在詞匯上的區(qū)別：我們初中的教材已是新版本了，每個(gè)單元的單詞可能大家覺得已經(jīng)不少了，但高中教材中的詞匯更是成倍甚至是成三倍地增加了，這也是新編教材的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)，加入了許多當(dāng)前常用的，新出現(xiàn)的流行的詞匯，也是與我們學(xué)的新編初中課本相承接的，所以，為了能盡快適應(yīng)高中詞匯的學(xué)習(xí)，我們應(yīng)該及早著手把初中階段的詞匯再熟

3、悉一遍。 另外，對(duì)于高中英語(yǔ)詞匯的學(xué)習(xí)，大家還要知道其要求是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于初中的，在學(xué)習(xí)單詞時(shí)，我們既要了解它在文中的意思，還要掌握它在練習(xí)中，考試中可能出現(xiàn)的所有意思，用法及搭配等。3. 在所學(xué)語(yǔ)法上的區(qū)別：在初中階段我們把基礎(chǔ)的語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)過了，而在高中我們要學(xué)習(xí)的是更深更高層次的語(yǔ)法。如定語(yǔ)從句，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、名詞性從句，倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)、虛擬語(yǔ)氣等等，其中的部分內(nèi)容我們并不陌生，但是初中我們所接觸的還只是皮毛，高中階段的學(xué)習(xí)會(huì)比之前的所學(xué)內(nèi)容復(fù)雜得多，所以我們要充分利用暑假把之前的漏洞彌補(bǔ)好，在后面的學(xué)習(xí)中，我們也會(huì)一起與大家重溫這些知識(shí)并將之與高中內(nèi)容做一對(duì)比，為大家步入高中學(xué)習(xí)打好基礎(chǔ)。4.

4、在課堂要求上的區(qū)別：大部分的初中對(duì)學(xué)生的要求還是比較嚴(yán)格的，而這種嚴(yán)格與小學(xué)又是不同的，所以有一部分自覺性差的學(xué)生就被分化出來，在稍微寬松的環(huán)境中，對(duì)自己要求降低導(dǎo)致了滑坡的出現(xiàn)，而升入高中后又會(huì)有新的變化，對(duì)于自律要求就更加明顯了。如果你是按照老師要求做的學(xué)生，那么在高中除了把基本要求做好之外，自己一定不可放松，適當(dāng)增加課外閱讀及一些課外習(xí)題是有必要的；如果你是不太自覺的學(xué)生，那么你要努力改掉自己的毛病，除了完成要求交給老師的作業(yè)，那些如讀、背等要求也要認(rèn)真完成才能使自己的高中英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)逐步走上軌道。不管你屬于哪一種，都要持之以恒，千萬(wàn)不可因?yàn)槿魏卧蚨潘蓪?duì)自己的要求，即便是你已取得了一定成

5、績(jī)，也沒有理由沾沾自喜。5. 在考試評(píng)估制度上的區(qū)別：這一區(qū)別可能是影響最大的一點(diǎn)，我們?cè)S多同學(xué)初中英語(yǔ)一直較差的原因在很大程度上是由于初中這種不正常的考試制度，很多人認(rèn)為英語(yǔ)不用下功夫?qū)W，反正最后背背答案就可過關(guān)，這樣成績(jī)不錯(cuò)，學(xué)得也很輕松。一旦抱有這種想法，初中這個(gè)重要的打基礎(chǔ)的階段就被荒廢過去了，這對(duì)我們升入高中后的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)是極為不利的，這就好比是建造沒有基礎(chǔ)的空中樓閣，肯定會(huì)感到很難，很吃力。進(jìn)入高中之后我們的考試是沒有范圍的，不能靠背答案過關(guān)，而且所學(xué)所考的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該都是向高考看齊的，難度肯定不小，但同學(xué)們也不要害怕，只要認(rèn)真努力，堅(jiān)持不懈，做好充分迎接失敗的心理準(zhǔn)備，然后在每次經(jīng)歷中

6、吸取經(jīng)驗(yàn)，一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)地彌補(bǔ)自己的不足，肯定會(huì)取得很好的成績(jī)。（二）基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法再回顧句子結(jié)構(gòu) 英語(yǔ)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)組成是與漢語(yǔ)有著很大區(qū)別的，我們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候，很多同學(xué)受母語(yǔ)的影響太大，在英文寫作時(shí)完全按照漢語(yǔ)的順序?qū)⒂⑽倪M(jìn)行堆砌，這是因?yàn)槲覀儗?duì)于英文句子的構(gòu)成尚未掌握或掌握得不熟練，沒有形成英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣。規(guī)范的英文是由“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他”。這種基本形式構(gòu)成的，這種只有一套主、謂的句子叫做簡(jiǎn)單句，它有5種基本形式，即主+謂（vi.）；主+系+表；主+謂（vt.）+賓；主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ)；主+謂+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)。由此可見，要想用英文正確表述一個(gè)意思，寫成一句話，必須要有的就是主語(yǔ)和可以充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞，而且當(dāng)

7、這個(gè)動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其后不可加賓語(yǔ)，當(dāng)它是及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，要根據(jù)要求和該詞的用法在其后加上賓語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)及賓補(bǔ)或加上雙賓語(yǔ)。當(dāng)然在這5種形式中系表結(jié)構(gòu)也是很常用，很重要的一種，而且系表動(dòng)詞常容易和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞相混，從而導(dǎo)致了一些病句的出現(xiàn)。綜上所述，我們要想較好地掌握英文的句子結(jié)構(gòu)必須弄清以下幾點(diǎn)內(nèi)容：1. 可以充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)的幾種形式：既然謂語(yǔ)部分是構(gòu)成句子的必要成份，那么掌握好它就起到了舉足輕重的作用，謂語(yǔ)部分可由以下幾種構(gòu)成方式：（1）不及物動(dòng)詞可以單獨(dú)充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)。如：They arrived yesterday .（2）及物動(dòng)詞要加上賓語(yǔ)之后才可構(gòu)成完整的結(jié)構(gòu)，另外，如果不及物動(dòng)詞后加上了一定的介詞，

8、那么介詞后也要有賓語(yǔ)才能完整。如：They reached Tianjin yesterday .They arrived in Tianjin yesterday .他們昨天到達(dá)了天津。（3）系表結(jié)構(gòu)可以構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。如：She is a student . 她是個(gè)學(xué)生。He felt very happy . 他感到很高興。（4）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞要加上動(dòng)詞原形后才可構(gòu)成完整的謂語(yǔ)部分。如：We should protect our environment . 我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)環(huán)境。那么，動(dòng)詞的哪些形式可構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)呢？ 行為動(dòng)詞的原形：do 行為動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)：does 行為動(dòng)詞的過去式：did be+行

9、為動(dòng)詞-ing形式：be doing be+行為動(dòng)詞的過去分詞：be done will+行為動(dòng)詞原詞：will do have / has / had+行為動(dòng)詞過去分詞：have / has / had done 系表動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)2. 系表動(dòng)詞與行為動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別：系表動(dòng)詞是表示狀態(tài)變化等的動(dòng)詞，它包括be動(dòng)詞及一些可充當(dāng)系表動(dòng)詞的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，其中后者在充當(dāng)系表動(dòng)詞時(shí)含義與充分行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)是不同的。系表動(dòng)詞后面接的是表語(yǔ)，而可以充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)的是一些可以表示狀態(tài)、特征、特性等內(nèi)容的詞或結(jié)構(gòu)，如形容詞、名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)一些副詞、從句等等。這里我們尤其要注意的就是可充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)的一些副詞指的是可以表征狀態(tài)特點(diǎn)的副詞，

10、如：Class is over . 中的over表示的就是“結(jié)束了，完了”的這種狀態(tài)。而很多副詞并沒有這種功能，自然也就不可以充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)，如happy和happily，前者為形容詞可表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)，而后者是形容以何方式做的某事，是在修飾動(dòng)作，而非表示狀態(tài)，因而，前者可作表語(yǔ)，后者則不可充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)。行為動(dòng)詞則是指描述具體或抽象行為、動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，它可分為及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞兩種，如果想修飾這樣的動(dòng)詞，則需要像happily這樣的副詞或是有相似的功能的詞或結(jié)構(gòu)。如：She went home happily . 她高興地回家了。He did it with great difficulty . 我費(fèi)了很

11、大勁才完成了這件事。3. 要掌握準(zhǔn)動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)、用法及搭配：在學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，尤其是重點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞，我們一定要知道它是哪種動(dòng)詞，及物？不及物？可否充當(dāng)系表動(dòng)詞？有的動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)較多，可能同時(shí)具有多種性質(zhì)，這就需要我們注意它在何時(shí)可充當(dāng)哪種動(dòng)詞。另外，對(duì)于動(dòng)詞的用法我們也要掌握，如每個(gè)動(dòng)詞后可帶或常帶什么結(jié)構(gòu)，它有哪些習(xí)慣搭配，可構(gòu)成什么詞組等。 4. 在寫簡(jiǎn)單句時(shí)的方法： 我們要注意簡(jiǎn)單句的順序一般應(yīng)為主、謂、賓，而一些狀語(yǔ)如時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)方式等等狀語(yǔ)則要放到主要結(jié)構(gòu)后面出現(xiàn)。當(dāng)然，有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)或語(yǔ)言的表達(dá)需要，狀語(yǔ)的位置會(huì)有所變化，但我們?cè)趯懢渥訒r(shí)一定要把握好以上原則，而不能按照漢語(yǔ)去逐個(gè)翻譯。如“我們騎車去上

12、學(xué)。”這個(gè)句子如果按照漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣很可能會(huì)寫成：We by bike go to school .或更有甚者可能還會(huì)寫出類似這樣的句子：We by bike to go to school .或We take a bike go to school . 等等錯(cuò)誤的句子。但如果我們按照英文習(xí)慣來寫就不會(huì)出現(xiàn)以上錯(cuò)誤了，主語(yǔ)We+謂語(yǔ)go to school+狀語(yǔ)by bike也就是We go to school by bike .詞語(yǔ)辨析（一）1. Do you like the music the Moonlight Sonata ?      Y

13、es , it really beautiful . A. feels B. sounds C. listens D. hears 2. The Internet it easy to get much new information in a short time . A. finds B. makes C. feels D. takes 3. Oh , you painted the walls yourself ?  Yes . It was not hard . The whole work didnt much . A. want B. cost C. spend D. p

14、ay 4. Soon Wu Dong up with Li Lei , then they were neck and neck . A. taught B. caught C. bought D. brought 5. They will Guangzhou tonight . A. arrive B. get C. reach D. go6. Do you still have a headache , Billy ?  No , its . Im all right now , mum . A. dropped B. run C. left D. gone 7. It will

15、 about half an hour to get to the park by bus . A. spend B. cost C. want D. take 8. I didnt quite what the teacher said . Could you ask him to it again ? A. catch , speak B. hear , talk C. follow , explain D. listen , say 9. will you finish your homework ?  In half an hour . A. How long B. How

16、soon C. How often D. What time10. They watched the game , and then they were invited to it . A. join B. join in C. take part D. attend11. Its going to rain . Wed better our things , so that they will not get wet . A. put up B. put down C. put away D. put in 12. Where can we get a football ? 

17、60;  Lets .A. lend Jim one B. lend one to JimC. borrow one from JimD. borrow one of Jim 13. When she was 22 years old , her dream to be a teacher . A. came true B. come true C. came real D. come real 14. Its that some foreign students will come to our school next week . A. sure B. right C. real

18、 D. true 15. We made several different plans for out holiday , but we went to Huangshan . A. at the end B. in the end C. by the end D. to the end 16. He was looking very with himself , so I knew he had passed the examination . A. please B. pleasing C. pleased D. pleasant 17. He had a strange way of

19、making his class and interesting . A. live B. lively C. living D. alive 18. When is he going to leave ?    next week . A. Sometime B. Some time C. Sometimes D. Some times 19. What words can you talk about the picture ? A. used to B. use to C. look for D. look up 20. Ted , the radio is

20、 too loud . Please .A. turn it over B. turn it on C. turn it back D. turn it down 21. Will the foreigners have any problems talking with Chinese in 2008 ?    I dont think so . Now the young the old can speak some English . A. either , or B. not only , but also C. neither , nor D. both

21、 , or22. Look ! The bus is coming .    But there are too many people . We cant it . A. get off B. get down C. get on D. get up 23. Again and again the doctor the crying girl , but he couldnt find out what was wrong with her . A. looked over B. looked after C. looked for D. looked out

22、24. Hello ! Can I speak to Alice , please ?    , please .A. Call on B. Go on C. Hold on D. Carry on 詞語(yǔ)辨析（二）1. Dont the road when the light is red . A. across B. cross C. pass D. past 2. Im thirsty . Please me something to drink . A. take B. bring C. carry D. show 3. If you to learn a

23、foreign language well , you must practise it every day . A. like B. love C. want D. think 4. This digital camera is so expensive that I cant it . A. carry B. use C. pay D. afford 5. Im not tall enough to the book on the top of the shelf . A. feel B. take C. arrive D. reach 6. We are going to plant t

24、rees tomorrow . Would you like to us ? A. follow B. share C. join D. enjoy 7. I you a pleasant journey . A. wish B. hope C. expect D. want 8. What would you like to us about your hometown ? A. speak B. talk C. tell D. say 9. Young people must learn to what is right and what is wrong . A. speak B. ta

25、lk C. tell D. say10. Did you your pen-friend every month ?A. heard about B. hear from C. heard of D. hear to11. This is very difficult . I cant work it out . A. math B. physics C. question D. problem 12. The young lady over there our new English teacher . A. may B. maybe C. may be D. can be 13. We s

26、hould keep in the reading-room . A. quiet B. quietly C. quite D. quickly 14. There was a strange sound outside . Mary went out and around , but she nothing . A. looked , saw B. saw , saw C. watched , looked D. looked , find 15. Father is sleeping . Please the radio . A. turn on B. put down C. turn d

27、own D. put on 16. Its not polite to others when they are in trouble . A. get on well with B. play games with C. laugh at D. wait for 17. Jack always runs faster than Peter , but this time he him . A. went over B. fell behind C. put off D. dropped off 18. More and more foreigners want to their compan

28、ies in Dalian . A. clean up B. look up C. pick up D. open up 19. Can I use the expression in the text ?    No . It has . Nobody uses it today . A. given up B. broken down C. gone out D. got off 20. I dont know Sams telephone number . Will you please in your address book for me ?A. loo

29、k up it B. look it up C. look for it D. look at it 21. We could see nothing because the lights suddenly . A. went on B. went over C. went down D. went out 22. Ann is so careful that she always goes over her exercises to there are no mistakes . A. look for B. make sure C. find out D. think about 23.

30、Mrs. Green is out , I have to her baby at home . A. look at B. take out C. look for D. take care of 24. They often help the farmers to the crops in autumn .A. get in B. get on C. get back D. get to 詞語(yǔ)辨析（三）1. Lets him a message to meet us at the station . A. take B. get C. leave D. receive 2. Never f

31、orget to “ Excuse me ” when you trouble somebody . A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk 3. The war another three years before it ended in 1864 . A. had B. went C. fought D. lasted 4. The girls team us in the football match . A. beat B. knock C. hit D. won 5. He spoke so fast that I could not what he said

32、 . A. touch B. catch C. hear D. find 6. We can what is happening on the other side of the world by telephone . A. learn B. hear C. see D. understand 7. This bus was built to less than 60 passengers . A. carry B. take C. accept D. keep 8. The meeting room is large enough to fifty people . A. keep B.

33、have C. hold D. fill 9. I got up late this morning , so I had a breakfast and hurried to school . A. fast B. quick C. rapid D. soon 10. Many people were burnt to in the fire . A. die B. dead C. death D. dying 11. She has been in Tianjin for ten years . Tianjin has become her second . A. family B. ho

34、use C. home D. room 12. We Chinese have sent a spaceship into . A. space B. sky C. heaven D. universe 13. Toms ill in hospital and his mother is him . A. looking for B. looking over C. looking at D. looking after 14. China another spaceship , “ Shenzhou III ” into space in March from the Satellite C

35、entre in China . A. put up B. put off C. sent up D. sent away 15. The students in our class very well with each other . A. get in B. get up C. get on D. get to16. Tim felt too hungry when he got home . He quickly all the food on the table . A. ate up B. looked up C. took up D. ate out 17. The ticket

36、 is on the floor . Could you please for me ? A. pick it up B. pick up it C. pick up them D. pick them up 18. You may and then decide if youll buy it . A. try on it B. try out it C. try it on D. try it out 19. Whats wrong with your aunt , Bill ?    Shes very ill . A doctor must be . A.

37、 sent back B. sent up C. sent away D. sent for 20. The government will some new colleges for more students to receive higher education . A. set up B. set out C. put down D. put on 21. “ Get a ladder , please . I cant . ” Jim said in a tall tree . A. come back B. come out C. come down D. come over 22

38、. Did Jack come for the meeting last night ?    No . He was so tired that he soon in his room . A. fell behind B. fell off C. fell asleep D. fell over 23. If you dont know a word , you must the word in a dictionary .A. look up B. look down C. look over D. look out 24. Please the TV .

39、Id like to see the TV play . A. turn up B. turn on C. turn down D. turn off 詞語(yǔ)辨析（四）1. If you make a lot of , you may disturb others . A. noise B. noisy C. voice D. sound 2. Dad told us a very interesting story , which made all of us . A. smile B. smiling C. laugh D. laughing 3. My father is ill . I

40、stay at home and look after him . A. have to B. must C. dont have to D. mustnt 4. Im sure our football team will the team from No. 3 Middle School . A. win B. beat C. lose D. fail 5. It took her afternoon to check out information .A. the whole , the all B. the whole , all the C. whole , all the D. w

41、hole the , the all6. Could you please help me the children ? A. wear B. dress C. put on D. dress in 7. The doctor will operate on him at once as soon as he the hospital . A. is sent to B. will be taken to C. leaves D. doesnt return 8. Jack , all the things on the desk . A. puts away B. put away C. p

42、uts on D. took away 9. , young man ! If youre late for work again , youll lose your job . A. Watch your step B. Take it easy C. Use your head D. Have a look 10. Im going to school now . Bye , Mum .    Wait ! Its cold outside . your coat , please . A. Put on B. Take off C. Put up D. Ta

43、ke down 11. Mr. Black , some boys are going to fight .    Youd better the police . A. send for B. send to C. look for D. look over 12. He has for three or four days . A. got a headache B. fallen ill C. caught a cold D. had a cold 13. The farmers are all busy the next year .A. get read

44、y for B. got ready forC. getting ready for D. gets ready for 14. The students will the hole the earth . A. fill , with B. full , to C. fill , to D. full , by 15. Jim Kate broke the mirror . The cat did . A. Both , and B. Either , or C. Neither , nor D. Not , but 16. When is the plane to Shanghai goi

45、ng to take off ?    . Please get ready as soon as possible .A. For a moment B. Just a moment C. In a moment D. A moment ago 17. Why are you in such a hurry ?    I was told that my mother had been sent to the hospital . I have to leave . A. before long B. right now C. from now on D. all the time 18. When the headmaster came into the hall , all the students to welcome him . A. sat down B. went out C. stood up D. turned back 19. Miss Li told the children to walk one after another . She didnt want them to in the park . A. get wrong B. get away C. get lost D. get