最新高考英語【名詞性從句】

1、最新精品資料推薦專題十名詞性從句第一節(jié) 基本知識(shí)與基本概念【什么是名詞性從句？】根據(jù)從句在句子中的功能分根據(jù)從句的性質(zhì)分定語從句形容詞性從句主語從句名詞性從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句狀語從句副詞性從句【主語從句】顧名思義，主語從句在句子中作主語。有時(shí)本身出現(xiàn)在主語的位置上，也有時(shí)出于句子結(jié)構(gòu)的考 慮退到句子的尾部，前而用形式主語it代替。從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般為單數(shù)形式。如：What I saw was beyond any verbal description.That his hair was【inning grnv worried him a bit.Why hc company

2、denied the contract is still unknown.When and where the govemment will build a city square is under discussion.It is pretty annoying that a small part of (he machine is missing.It remains to be seen whether ihc new novel will be well received.賓語從句在句子中作賓語的從句就是賓語從句。由于這是同學(xué)們接觸比較早的一種從句，應(yīng)該問題不大。所 以在近年的高考題中

3、，以賓語從句的知識(shí)作為考點(diǎn)的題目較少。但是，賓語從句也有自己的特殊情況, 如介詞的賓語，形容詞的賓語，賓語從句提前和并列的賓語從句等現(xiàn)象。如：We assumed thal (here would be more Ihan 100 guests.He told the police in detail what he saw and heard.Nobody is sure whal humans will look like in a million years.That will depend on whelher they can get ihc chance.Whether I wil

4、l have the lime I am not sure at the moment.The conductor complained thal we were not gifted in singi呼 and that hn would never come again.表語從句表語從句的最重要臉譜就是它們應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在系動(dòng)詞的后面。如：The only question left is how oftenhc workers are paid.His idea for the coming weekend is that wc go skating.【同位語從句】,從臉譜上看，同位語從句最為

5、麻煩。因?yàn)樗鼈円彩浅霈F(xiàn)在一個(gè)名詞的后而，起著解釋說明的作用。 有點(diǎn)像定語從句。這個(gè)點(diǎn)是許多學(xué)生容易混淆的地方。但是，只有我們能把握住關(guān)鍵，即：定語從句 的先行詞在從句中必須作一個(gè)成分，并且這個(gè)成分應(yīng)該是個(gè)空白，也就是說，定語從句必須缺少成分。 這一點(diǎn)恰恰是同位語從句所不能做到的。同位語從句前面的名詞在從句中是沒有位置的。況且，也不 是所有的名詞后面都會(huì)跟同位語從句，只有那些“有內(nèi)容的名詞”才需要解釋。如fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, belief, thought, doubt 等。如：That fact that th

6、e policeman didn't fire at the man at all was ignored.Do you have any idea what is going on in the classroom.The possibility that we can work at home makes everybody excited.【連接代詞、連接副詞和連接詞】通過以上介紹，我們可以看出，四種名詞性從句都需要有一個(gè)連接性詞在從句的開頭。這個(gè)詞是什 么性質(zhì)，要看它在從句中作作的成分，如果作的是主語、賓語、表語的話，這個(gè)詞就是連接代詞；如 果作的是各種狀語，就叫連接副詞；如果

7、不作任何成分，就叫連接詞。如下表：r 連接詞 that, if, whether引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞 ,連接代詞 who, whom, what, whose, which, whichever, whatever, whoever連接副詞 when, where, how, why第二節(jié)考點(diǎn)分類解析【考點(diǎn)一；語序問題】名詞性從句的語序問題一直斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地在各地高考題目中出現(xiàn)，由此可見其重要性。其實(shí)說來非 常簡(jiǎn)單易記：永遠(yuǎn)陳述語氣。即名詞性從句中不會(huì)出現(xiàn)助動(dòng)詞提前的現(xiàn)象。如：Who he is doesn't matter much.When and where we shall ha

8、ve the sports meet is a question.I don't know what his name is.I don't know what is wrong with him. = I don't know what is the matter with him.You can't imagine how excited I was at that time.Can you tell me what size shoes you wear?No one can be sure in a million years.A. what will

9、man look likeB. what man will look likeC. man will look like whatD. what look will man like答案：B.這個(gè)題就是典型的考查賓語從句的語序問題。根據(jù)以上所述，應(yīng)該是陳述語序。所以A、C兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)就不可能了。而D選項(xiàng)明顯不符合我們的語言習(xí)慣。最新精品資料推薦3 nn【考點(diǎn)二：that和what的區(qū)別問題】能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的關(guān)系代詞有 who, whom, what, whose, which, whichever, whatever, whoever 八 個(gè)。為何單獨(dú)講what的用法呢？重要！在考試中出現(xiàn)的頻率

10、高！在本書第一章定語從句中，我們 提到過，what是不能引導(dǎo)定語從句的。定語從句中如果缺少的成分是主語、賓語、表語，我們選擇的 是關(guān)系代詞that或其他?，F(xiàn)在山頭換了，到了名詞性從句的知識(shí)范圍了。What在名詞性從句中就很有 用武之地了。還是分析成分，what在從句中作的主語、賓語、表語。而that只是一個(gè)“連接詞吾既 不作什么成分，也沒有什么意義。如:What you did doesift agree with what you promised.What he couldn't understand was why his teacher was never satisfied

11、with him.The matter of salary is what I care most if I decide to change my profession.What we can't get always seems better than what we have already got.I think that your composition is no better than his.That you doift love her is not my business.What we have seen is different from.A. we heard

12、B. we have heardC. what we heardD. what we have heardI couldn't agree with at the meetmg.A. that you saidB. which you saidC. all what you saidD. what you said【考點(diǎn)三：that和whether的區(qū)別問題】有時(shí)候，它們兩個(gè)比較難以區(qū)別，因?yàn)椋鼈兌际沁B接詞，都在從句中不作成分。但是，它們 之間最大的區(qū)別在于“意義工即that在從句中既不作成分，也沒有自己的意義；而whether就不同了。 它雖然不在從句中作什么成分，但是它又意義，即

13、“是否工這就能夠左右從句的意思，使從句所表達(dá) 的意思變成一個(gè)還沒有確定的因素。如：I don't know whether he can join us or not.Fm sure that he can join us.It is none of your business whether I love her.It is none of your busmess that I don't love her綜上所述，區(qū)分that還是wither,重要一點(diǎn)就是看主句需要從句表達(dá)一個(gè)什么意思，是確定的，還 是不確定的；是事實(shí)還是疑問。前者選that,后者選whether。如：I

14、 have no doubt Mr. Johnson will make it here on time.A. that B. whether C. why D. when答案：A。這個(gè)題之所以選擇出at,就是因?yàn)榍岸腎 have no doubt （身無疑問），這樣的主句已經(jīng)不再需要從句表達(dá)什么“是否” 了。No one can be sure the board will accept our conditions.A. that B. whether C. why D. what答案：B o 這個(gè)題中的No one can be sure （沒有人能肯定）就要求從句表達(dá)一個(gè)“董 事會(huì)能

15、否接受我們的條件”的意思，而不能是一個(gè)既定的事實(shí)。【考點(diǎn)四：if和whether的區(qū)別問題】二者在引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)都有“是否”之意。但并不是永遠(yuǎn)可以互換。一般認(rèn)為，二者可 以互換的環(huán)境也只有在賓語從句中。如：He didn't give us explicit reply whether/if he will attend our wedding ceremony.而在介詞的賓語從句中，在主語從句中，在表語從句中，在同位語從句中，在和不定式搭配的結(jié)構(gòu)中 等等,習(xí)慣上只能用whether。如：1. well go canning tomorrow depends on the weathe

16、r.A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where2. The question of they are old or young is not important.A. which B. whether C. how D. if3. The question is the film is worth seeing.A. if B. whatC. whether D. how4. He doesn't know to stay or not.A. ifB. whenC. whetherD. how5. The news our team has won the ma

17、tch is unknown.A. whichB. ifC. whetherD. then值得注意的是：有些資料依然強(qiáng)調(diào)if不能與。r not搭配的問題。過去有過這樣的規(guī)定，只是在現(xiàn)代 英語中，已經(jīng)不再?gòu)?qiáng)調(diào)了而已。現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為if. or not也可以接受?！究键c(diǎn)五：wh詞和wh-ever的區(qū)別問題】一般認(rèn)為，wh-詞在引導(dǎo)從句時(shí)，依然保留了很大部分的疑問詞的本色，所以，它們引導(dǎo)的從句 在意思上應(yīng)該表達(dá)的是一個(gè)“問題”，如：“誰？什么？何時(shí)？何地？為何？怎么？ ”等。而wh-ever已 經(jīng)沒有這層色彩，不再關(guān)心這樣的“問題”，而是充滿了讓步的意味，多有”無論”之意。如：The police wan

18、ted to know who will benefit most from the old man's death.警方想知道誰將從老人的去世中受益最多。Whoever will benefit from the old man's deatli will be questioned by the police.能從老人的去世之中受益的所有人都將受到警方的盤問。Who will be sent to help the people in the flooded areas hasn't been annoiuiced.誰將被派往洪災(zāi)區(qū)去救援還沒有宣布。Whoever

19、will be sent to work in the flooded areas will spare no effort to helpthe people in need.不管是誰被派往災(zāi)區(qū)救援都會(huì)全力以赴地幫助災(zāi)民。【考點(diǎn)六：no matter wh-和wh-ever的區(qū)別問題二者都有“無論.”之意。在引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)確實(shí)可以互換，沒有什么區(qū)別。但是，no matter wh-只能引導(dǎo)狀語從句，不能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。Wh-ever則二者兼收，來去自由。由此包含與被包含的 關(guān)系決定，二者同時(shí)出現(xiàn)而必選其一時(shí)，答案肯定是wh-ever。如：Whoever breaks the rules

20、will be punished.（主語從句）Whoever/ No matter who breaks the rules, he/she will be punished.（狀語從句）Don,t believe whatever he tells you.（賓語從句）Don,t believe him. whatever/ no matter what he tells you.（狀語從句）【考點(diǎn)七：名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣問題】先看賓語從句的虛擬語氣。一般說來，如果從句作的是表示說話人某種觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度或要求等語氣 的動(dòng)詞的賓語時(shí)，從句中要求用should+動(dòng)詞原形的虛擬語氣（should經(jīng)常

21、可以省略）。這些動(dòng)詞常見 最新精品資料推薦5的有：desire, demand, require. request, order, propose, command, advise, suggest 等。 如：例：He insisted that she (should) spend more time studying.He demanded that we (should) be on time.The boss required that all waiters (should) keep standing all day long.The publishing house sugges

22、ted that I (should) type my book out.有兩個(gè)特例是高中老師不愿意錯(cuò)過的。那就是suggest和insist.它們倆后面的賓語從句是否用虛 擬語氣還要看具體語境來定。如：The doctor suggested that I had a cold。(這個(gè)suggest的意思是“解釋，說明二后面不用虛擬語氣)The big smiles on her face suggested that she had passed the test.(這個(gè)suggest的意思是“表明二后面不用虛擬語氣)The doctor suggested that I (should)

23、 stay in bed for a few day.(這個(gè)suggest的意思是“建議”。后面用虛擬語氣)The young man insisted that he was well enough to serve in the army.(這個(gè)insist堅(jiān)持的是一個(gè)事實(shí)不是一種觀點(diǎn)。后面不用虛擬語氣)That young man insisted that he should be sent to the front.(這個(gè)insist堅(jiān)持的是一種觀點(diǎn)，即“他應(yīng)該被派往前線”。后而用虛擬語氣)以上是賓語從句中的虛擬語氣現(xiàn)象。如果是其他三種名詞性從句，只要和上述動(dòng)詞有關(guān)，也享受同 樣的待

24、遇。如：The headquarters5 suggestion is that we (should) wait for another few days.(表語從句)His order that all the soldiers (should) swim across the river was refused.(同位語從句)It is strongly recommended that you (should) take a taxi.(主語從句)另外，在下面這幾個(gè)特殊的句型中，后面的主語從句也用虛擬語氣。a. It is important/ necessary/ natural/

25、a wonder/ essential (必要的)/suggested that.should do.,如：It is important that you (should) be on time.It is necessary that you (should) exercise regularly.b. I wish that. did. 如：I wish I were a bird.I wish one day I could live on the moon.c. Td rather tliat. did. 如：rd rather you did it yourself.rd rath

26、er I hadn't lent you that bicycle yesterday.【考點(diǎn)八：賓語從句的反意疑問句的問題】眾所周知，反意疑問句是由句子的謂語和主語的代詞形式共同構(gòu)成。如：He is ignorant, isift he?He isn't strong, is he?但是，如果前面的句子中含有賓語從句，怎么辦？答案是一定針對(duì)主句的主語、謂語。如：You know he is ignorant, don't you?I told you he isn't strong, didift I?有一種例外，當(dāng)主句的主語是I,且謂語動(dòng)詞是表示觀點(diǎn)的動(dòng)詞如

27、think. believe, suppose, expect, am afraid等時(shí)，就只能針對(duì)從句反問了。因?yàn)闆]有人會(huì)對(duì)自己的觀點(diǎn)嗎上進(jìn)行反詰。如：I think he is ignorant, isift he?I believe he isn't strong, is he?【考點(diǎn)九：it在名詞性從帚中的作用問題】代詞it的用法有很多。但近幾年的高考關(guān)注的卻比較集中，即it作為普通回指代詞的用法和在名 詞性從句中作形式賓語和形式主語的用法。如：作形式主語：It worried me a bit that he didn't phone.It occurred to m

28、e that she might have forgotten the date.It doesn't matter when you arrive-just come when you can.It wasn't clear to anyone why he didn't come.It was suiprising how many unhappy marriages there are.作形式賓語：I made it clear that I was determined to carry out the plan.I find it necessary that

29、 we should spend more time practising spoken English.I think it important that we should keep calm.Don't take it for granted that your parents should do everything for you.He doesn't want it to be known that he's going away.You may depend upon it that all the goods will be delivered in t

30、ime.【考點(diǎn)十：主語從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型而混淆問題】從表面上看，it作形式主語的主語從句有時(shí)候和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型有些相似。如：It is impossible that we can persuade him to join us.（主語從句）It is with Toms help that we were able to persuade him to join us.（強(qiáng)調(diào)句型）其實(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)句型其實(shí)很簡(jiǎn)單，即在It is/was與ihat之間放上我們想要強(qiáng)調(diào)的某個(gè)句子成分。大部 分考題都是考查由at的選擇問題。即考查考生判斷某句是否是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的問題。這個(gè)看似容易的問題 在出題人的多種變化之下有時(shí)也會(huì)變

31、得很令人頭疼。下面是幾種常見的出題形式：1 .基本式：It was on the top of the mountain that we met the foreign tourist.2 . 一般疑問句式：Was it on the top of the mountain that you met the foreign tourist?3 .特殊疑問句式：Where was it diat you met the foreign tourist?4 .復(fù)合句式：Can you tell me where it was that you met the foreign tourist?5 .

32、套定語從句式：It was in the house which was built by his father that he was born.6 .套定語從句加省略式：-Where did you meet the foreign tourist?-It was in the hotel where we lived (that we met the foreign tourist).判斷一個(gè)句子是否是強(qiáng)調(diào)高暴個(gè)關(guān)鍵。這里重要思路是當(dāng)去掉強(qiáng)調(diào)句型、各個(gè)成分各歸其位以后， 該句子是否還成立。下而幾個(gè)例子就不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：It was not yet seven o'clock whe

33、n he came back last night.因?yàn)椋?He came back last night not yet seven o'clock,就不是個(gè)正確的句子-I heard that Tom was once almost drowned. When was that?-It was in 2000 when he was swimming in a pool.同理，*He was swimming in a pool in 2000.從邏輯上看也不成立。因?yàn)椋覀儾豢赡芤徽甓荚?游泳。第三節(jié)鞏固練習(xí)(一)、【夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)】1. America was was called

34、 "India" by Columbus.A. that B. where C. what D. the place2. - I'd like to invite you to a concert this evening.-Tliaiik you. but Lil be free Lm not sure at the moment.A. while B. if C. when D. whether3. I kept looking at the man. wondering.A. whether I have seen him beforeB. where I h

35、ad seen him beforeC. that I had seen him beforeD. when I had seen him before4. You have not yet answered my question I can join in the party tonight.A. whether B. if C. which D. that5. Information has been put forward more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A. while B. that C

36、. when D. as6. A computer can only do you have instructed it to do.A. how B. after C. what D. when7. It is a common belief teenagers today know about computers and are familiar using themin all aspects of life.A. that; out B. what; with C. that; with D. what; about8. Don't leave for tomorrow you

37、 can do today.A. if B. what C. that D. unless9. Was it because it rained yesterday he didn't come?A. why B. when C. then D. that10. all the inventions have in common is they have succeeded.A. What; what B. That; that C. What; that D. That; that11. What clothes should we wear to attend the ball?-

38、Dress you like.A. what B. however C. whatever D. how12. has ridden on a railway train knows how another train flashes by when it is traveling inthe opposite direction.A. Anyone who; rapid B. Whoever; rapidly C. Anything; rapid D. Whatever; rapidly13. We believe you have devoted yourself sure to come

39、 true.A. that; is B. all that; to be C. that all; are D. what; to is14. You may give the film ticket to you think needs it.A. no matter who B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter whom15. Was it in 1998, when he was still at middle school,this boy became expert at computer?A. whichB. where C. whenD. tha

40、t16. It was he came to Macao he knew what kind of place it was.A. that; when B. until; that C. not until; when D. not until; that17. All finished, we sat down to enjoy we thought the most delicious dinner.A. that B. which C. what D. it18. It was not until he explained it a second time it.A. when we

41、understoodB. that we understoodC. did we understandD. that did we understand19. The Beaches held they called'family day" once each year.A. that B. which C. what D. when20. How did he fail the examination?-It was because he was too careless he made so many mistakes.A. therefore B. that C. so

42、 that D. so21. In some countries,is called equality'、does not really mean equal rights fro all people.A. that B. what C. which D. how22. helps others will be helped.-So I ll be thankfill to and try to help has helped us.A. Whoever; whomever B. Whoever; whoeverC. Who; whoever D. Who; whomever23.

43、Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just worries the public.A. why B. which C. that D. what24. It was not until dark he found he thought was the correct way to solve the problem.A. that; what B. that; that C. when; what D. when; that25. The question came up at the meeting we had e

44、nough money for our research.A. that B. what C. which D. whether26.she was invited to the ball made her very happy.1. If B. That C. When D. Because27. we are doing has never been done before.A. That B. What C. Which D. Whether28. Scientists believe native Americans arrived by crossing the land bridg

45、e that connected Siberia andmore than 10,000 years ago.A. this is Alaska B. Alaska is now C. is now Alaska D. what is now Alaska29. Please tell me you would like to have your coffee - black or white?A. what B. where C. which D. how30. Many workers were organized to clear away remained of the World T

46、rade center.A. those B. that C. what D. where（二）、【真題實(shí)戰(zhàn)一】1. matters most in learning English is enough practice.2. A. WhatB. WhyC. WhereD. Which3. Choosing the right dictionary depends on you want to use it for.A. whatB. whyC. howD. whether1.1 t is none of your business other people think about you.

47、Believe yourself.A. howB. whatC. whichD. when4. parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.A. ThatB. WhichC. WhatD.As5. Why not try your luck downtown. Bob? That's the best jobs are.A. where B. what C. when D. why6. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sun

48、shine and soft sands make it is.A. whatB. whichC. howD. where7. Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales, please?A. anyoneB. someone C. whoever D. no matter who8. he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.A. ThatB. WhatC. WhetherD. Where9. The traditional view is we

49、 sleep because our brain is "programmed" to make us do so.A. whenB. whyC. whetherD. that（三）、【真題實(shí)戰(zhàn)二】1. We haven't settled the question of it is necessary for him to study abroad.A. ifB. whereC. whetherD. that2. See the flags on top of the building? That was we did this morning.A. whenB.

50、 whichC. whereD. what3. Please remind me he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off.A. where B. when C. how D. what4. -What did your parents think about your decision?-They always let me do I think I should.A. whenB. thatC. howD. what5. With his work completed, the businessman stepped bac

51、k to his seat, feeling pleased he was aman of action.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whether .mi6. Nobody believed his reason for being absent form the class he had to meet his uncle at the air port.A. why B. that C. where D. because7. - Could you do me a favour?-It depends on it is.A. whichB. whicheverC.

52、whatD. whatever8. Engines are to machines hearts are to animals.A. as B. that C. what D. which9.team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.A. No matter what B. No matter which C Whatever D. Whichever10.is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, m

53、ore prosperous economy.A. As B.That C. This D. It11. It's thirty years since we lest met.But I still remember the story, believe it or not, we got lost on a rainy night.A. which B. that C. what D. when12. A warm thought suddenly came to me I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my

54、mother's birthday.A. ifB. whenC. thatD. which13. makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.A. WhatB. WhoC. WhateverD. Whoever14. There is much chance Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.A. thatB. whichC. until D. if15. These shoes look very good. I won

55、der.A. how much cost they areB. how much do they costC. how much they costD. how much are they cost16. Doris1 success lies in the factshe is co-operative and eager to learn from others.A. which B. thatC. whenD. why17. As the busiest woman in Norton, she made her duty to look after all the other peop

56、le's affairsin that town.A. thisB. thatC. oneD. it18. Fd appreciate if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.A. that B. it C. this D. you19. If I can help, I don't like working late into the night.A. soB. thatC. itD. them（四）、【真題實(shí)戰(zhàn)三】the team had failed to win the game.1. Mary wro

57、te an article onA. why B. what C. who D. that2. As soon as he comes back, I will tell him when and see him.A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come3.1 n the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.A. What is requiredB. What requiresC. It is requiredD. It requires4. The old lady's hand shook f