詞匯學(xué)答案教學(xué)文案

1、詞匯學(xué)答案精品資料2009年4月高等教育自學(xué)考試全國統(tǒng)一命題考試英語詞匯學(xué)試題課程代碼：00832I.Eachofthestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfouralternativeanswers.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterinthebracket.(30%)1. Accordingtosemanticists,awordisaunitof.(A)1.1-6A.meaningB.soundC.combinationofsoundsD.group2. Thepronunciationhas

2、changedspellingovertheyears.(C)1.3-8A.moreslowlythanB.asquicklyasC.morerapidlythanD.notsoquicklyas3. Wordsmayfallintothebasicwordstockandnonbasicvocabularyby.(A)1.5-11A.usefrequencyB.notionC.originD.sound4. RapidgrowthofscienceandtechnologybreedssuchnewwordsasthefollowingEXCEPT.(B).2.3-30A.greenrevo

3、lutionB.fastfoodC.moonwalkD.spaceshuttle5. Semanticchangemeansanoldformwhichtakesonanewtomeetthenewneed.(B).2.4-31A.formB.meaningC.lookD.pronunciation6. RevivingarchaicwordsalsocontributetothegrowthofEnglishvocabulary.Forinstance,inAmericanEnglish"fall"meansinBritishEnglish.(D).2.432A.four

4、B.fellC.forD.autumn7. Thepluralmorpheme"-s"isrealizedby/s/afterthefollowingsoundsEXCEPT(B)3.2-38A./t/B./g/C./p/D./k/8. Therearefreemorphemicwordsinthefollowing:bird,man,red,collection.(C)3.3.1-39A.oneB.twoC.threeD.four9. ThefollowingwordshavederivationalaffixesEXCEPT.(A)3.3.2-41A.worksB.pr

5、ewarC.postwarD.bloody10. 30%to40%ofthetotalnumberofnewwordsinEnglishareproducedthrough.(B)4-45A.compoundingB.affixationC.conversionD.shortening11.Theword"motel"iscreatedby.(C)4.4-63A.compoundingB.clippingC.blendingD.suffixation12. "BBCisformedinthewayof.(A)4.6-66A.acronymyB.clippingC.

6、back-formationD.prefixation13. ThetypesofmeaningsincludethefollowingEXCEPT.(D).5.3-87A.grammaticalmeaningB.conceptualmeaningC.associativemeaningD.literalmeaning14. Bymotivation,wemeanthatthemeaningofawordisrelatedtoitsorigin.(D).5.2.4-85A.onomatopoeicB.morphologicalC.semanticD.etymological15.isthere

7、sultofhumancognition,reflectingtheobjectiveworldinthehumanmind.(B).5.1.2-82A.ReferenceB.ConceptC.SenseD.Motivation16. Semanticfield,accordingtothecoursebook,isalsoconsideredanintegralpartof(D).6.6-119A.wordformationB.wordmeaningC.meaningchangeD.senserelations17. Whenawordisfirstcoined,itisalways.(C)

8、6.1-95A.semanticB.onomatopoeicC.monosemicD.polysemic18. Thefollowingareallsynonymouspairs,butineachthesecondisstandardinusagewhereasthefirstisarchaic,EXCEPT.(B)6.3.4-109A.ire/angerB.rich/wealthyC.forlorn/distressedD.bliss/happiness19. Shakespeareisdifficulttounderstandthancontemporarywritingsbecause

9、manyofhiswordswereusedindifferentfromwhattheyhavenowindictionaries.(A)7134A.sensesB.formsC.dialectsD.terms20. Themodeofiswellreflectedintheword“picture”,whichoriginallydenotedmere“painting”,butnowhascometoincludeadrawings"andevenaphotographs"(A)7.1.1135A.extensionB.elevationC.narrowingD.de

10、gradation21. Inthesentence“Theoldman,thoughpoor,isarespectablegentleman.”,thewordarespectable"isusedinthesenseoftransfer.(B)7.1.4-140A.subjectiveB.objectiveC.sensationalD.physical22. WhichofthefollowingisNOToneoftherolesofcontext?(D.8.2-155A. Eliminationofambiguity.B. Indicationofreferents.C. P

11、rovisionofcluesforinferringword-meaning.D. Provisionofculturebackgroundforinferringword-meaning.(B ) .8.2.1-15523. Thesentence“IlostBettyspicture."isambiguousdueto,A.grammaticalcontextB.polysemyC.antonymyD.hyponymy24. Inthesentence“Aneastornorth-eastwindbringscolddryweathertoEngland,butasou'

12、;Westerusuallybringsrain.”,themeaningof"sou'wester"canbeinferredfromtheclueof.(C).8.2.3-158A.relevantdetailsB.synonymyC.antonymyD.hyponymy25. Theidiom“tossandturn“isa(n)asfarasrhetoricalfeaturesofidiomsareconcerned.(A)9.3.2-173A.alliterationB.metaphorC.metonymyD.rhyme26. Whichofthefoll

13、owingisNOToneofthetypesofidioms?(C)9.9-165A.Sentenceidioms.B.Idiomsadverbialinnature.C.Clausalidioms.D.Idiomsnominalinnature.27. Thefollowingareallvariationsofidioms,EXCEPT.(D)9.3.3-176A.replacementB.additionC.shorteningD.repetition28. Generallyspeaking,adictionarywillcoverthefollowingcontentEXCEPT.

14、(B)10-184A.spellingB.syntacticalusageC.pronunciationD.definition29. AsageneralChinese-Englishdictionary,isthemostcompleteandup-to-date,mostelaboratelytreatedone(A)10.3.3-202A. AChinese-EnglishDictionary(1995)B. OxfordAdvancedLearnersDictionaryofCurrentEnglishwithChineseTranslationC. ANewEnglish-Chin

15、eseDictionaryD. LongmanDictionaryofContemporaryEnglishwithChineseTranslation30. CollinsCOBUILDEnglishUsage(1992),isa(n)dictionary.(C)10.1.4-188A.unabridgedB.deskC.specializedD.encyclopedic口.MatchthewordsinColumnAwiththewordsinColumnBaccordingto1)typesoftransfer;2)rhetoricalfeaturesofidioms;3)typesof

16、vocabularybynotion;and4)thefunctionofaffixes.(10%)AB(C.transferofsensations)31.Sheburstintopassionatesobbing.A.juxtaposition9.3.2-174(I.associatedtransfer)32.Hedropsofftosleep,thelamb.B.notionalword1.5.2-16(G.functionalword)33.andC.transferofsensations7.1.4-143(H.inflectionalaffix)34.theman'scoa

17、tD.abstracttoconcrete7.1.4-144(A.juxtaposition)35.hereandthereE.derivationalaffix3.3.2-41(B.notionalword)36.moonF.alliteration9.3.2-173(F.alliteration)37.roughandreadyG.functionalword1.5.2-16(E.derivationalaffix)38.ex-prisonerH.inflectionalaffix3.3.2-41(J.rhyme)39.fairandsquareI.associatedtransfer7.

18、2.1-140(D.abstracttoconcrete)40.Helenlooksafrightinthatoldblackdress.J.rhyme9.3.2-173m.Completethefollowingstatementswithproperwordsorexpressionsaccordingtothecoursebook.(10%)41. Whenwetalkaboutawordinvisualterms,awordcanbedefinedasa_meaningful_groupoflettersprintedorwrittenhorizontallyacrossapieceo

19、fpaper.1.1-642. ModernEnglishvocabularydevelopsthroughthreechannels:_creation,semanticchangeandborrowing.2.4-3143. Wemightsaythatfreemorphemesarefree_roots.3.3.1-3944. Theformationofwordsbyaddingword-formingaffixestostemsiscalledaffixation.4.1-4645. Semanticmotivationreferstothementalassociationssug

20、gestedbytheconceptualmeaningofaword.5.2.3-8546. Perfecthomonymsandpolysemantsarefully_identicalwithregardtospellingandpronunciation.6.2.3-10247. Vocabularyisthemost_unstableelementofalanguageasitisundergoingconstant僅供學(xué)習(xí)與交流，如有侵權(quán)請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除 謝謝5精品資料changesbothinformandcontent.7-13448. Ambiguityoftenarisesd

21、ueto_polysemyandhomonymy.8.2.1-15549. Idiomsconsistofset_phrasesandshortsentences.9-16250. Monolingualdictionariesarewrittenin_onelanguage.10.1.1-184IV.Definethefollowingterms.(10%51. Morpheme3.1-38答案：Themorphemeis'thesmallestfunctioningunitinthecompositionofwords'.52. Homonym6.2-100答案：Homon

22、ymsaregenerallydefinedaswordsdifferentinmeaningbuteitheridenticalbothinsoundandspellingoridenticalonlyinsoundorspelling.53. connotation5.3.2-87答案：connotativemeaningreferstotheovertonesorassociationssuggestedbytheconceptualmeaning,traditionallyknownasconnotations.54. Elevation7.1.3-138答案：Elevationora

23、meliorationreferstotheprocessbywhichwordsrisefromhumblebeginningstopositionsofimportance.55. Idiom9-162答案：Idiomareexpressionsthatarenotreadilyunderstandablefromtheirliteralmeaningsofindividualelements.V.Answerthefollowingquestions.Youranswersshouldbeclearandshort.Writeyouranswersinthespacegivenbelow

24、.(20%56. Asfarasgrowthofpresent-dayEnglishvocabularyisconcerned,whatarethethreemainsourcesofnewwords?2.3-30答案：Generally,therearethreemainsourcesofnewwords:therapiddevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology;social,economicandpoliticalchanges;theinfluenceofotherculturesandlanguages.57. Whatarethesemantic

25、featuresofcompounds?Giveanexampletoillustrateyourpoint.4.2.1-52答案：Everycompoundshouldexpressasingleideajustasoneword.Forinstance,“agreenhandisan"inexperiencedperson',notahandthatisgreenincolour.58. Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementistrueorfalse,basedonyourunderstandingofthecharacteristicso

26、fantonyms.Stateyourreasonwithoneexample.6.4-112Contrarytermsarenon-gradableandallowintermediatemembersinbetween.答案：False.Contrarytermsaregradableanttonyms,differingindegreeofintensity.AntonymsofContrarytermsarebestviewedintermsofascalerunningbetweentwopolesorextremes.Antonymssuchasrich/poor,old/youn

27、g,big/smallrepresenttwopointsatbothendsofthepole.Thetwooppositesaregradableandoneexistsincomparisonwiththeother.Wecansay:Amanisrichorveryrich；onemanisricherthantheother.Sue'shouseisbigandMary'shouseissmall;Sue'shouseisbiggerthanMary's.Thisshowssemanticrelativity.Sue'shouseisrelat

28、ivelybig,comparedwithMary'shouse,Mary'shousemayberelativelybignowthanbefore,consideringthefactthattherearefewerpeoplelivingwithher-Thisisobviouslysubjectiveanddependsonthespeaker'sattitude.59. Howdoyouaccountforthecontextfunctionasindicationofreferents?8.2.2-156-157答案：Englishhasalargenum

29、berofwordssuchasnow/then,here/there,I/you,this/that,whichareoftenusedtoreferdirectlytopeople,time,place,etc.Withoutclearcontext,thereferencecanbeveryconfusing.Forexample,thewordnowalwaysmeansthetimeofspeaking,naturallyreferringtoapasttimewhenthespeechtookplaceinthepastorapresentmomentifthepersonissp

30、eaking.Itisthesamewithallreferringexpressions.EvenaphraselikethePrimeMinistermaybringaboutambiguitywithoutadequateverbalcontext,foritcanbeusedtorefertoanyofthePrimeMinistersinBritishhistory.VI.Analyzeandcommentonthefollowing.Writeyouranswersinthespacegivenbelow.(20%)60. Analyzethefollowingdialoguean

31、dcommentontherhetoricuseofhomonyminitalicizedfont."You'renoteatingyourfish,"awaitresssaidtoacustomer.aAnythingwrongwithit?”一“Longtimenosea."thecustomerreplied.6.2.4-102答案：Ashomonymsareidenticalinsoundorspelling,particularlyhomophones,theyareoftenemployedtocreatepunsfordesiredeffec

32、tof,say,humour,sarcasmorridicule.Longtimenoseeisusuallysaidasaformofgreetingbetweentwofriendswhentheymeetafteralongtime.Herethecustomercleverlyemployedthestructureoftheidiomtohisadvantagetocriticizeinahumorouswaythebadqualityofthefoodservedattherestaurant.Longtimenoseaimpliesthat“seafoodkeptforalong

33、timeisnotfitforeating."61. Analyzethethreecausesofmeaningchangewithinthescopeofthelinguisticfactors,basedonthegivenwordsbelow.7.2.2-144(1) gold,bulb;(2) deer,beast,animals;(3) fortuitous,fruition.答案：(1) internalfactors:Thechangeofmeaningmaybecausedbyinternalfactorswithinthelanguagesystem.Onetyp

34、eofsuchchangeoccurswhenaphraseisshortenedtoonewordwhichretainsthemeaningofthewhole,e.g.goldisusedfor'goldmedal',andbulbfor'lightbulb，(2) theinflux:Theinfluxofborrowingshascausedsomewordstochangeinmeaning.Forinstance,deerformerlymeantanimal,andlateranimalfromLatinandbeastfromFrenchfoundth

35、eirwayintoEnglish.Asthethreetermsweresynonymous,animalretainedtheoriginalmeaning,themeaningofdeerwasnarrowedandbeastchangedincolour.(3) analogy:Finally,thechangeofmeaningisbroughtaboutbyanalogy.Fortuitousformerlydenoted"happeningbychance','accidentalandlatertookonthemeaning'fortunat

36、e'probablybyanalogybecausethetwowordslooksimilar.Itisthesamewithfruition,theoriginalmeaningbeing'apleasureobtainedfromusingorpossessingsomething',whichhadnothingtodowithfruit.Itsmeaningof'thebearingoffruitwasduetothelaterassociationwiththewordfruit.2009年7月高等教育自學(xué)考試全國統(tǒng)一命題考試英語詞匯學(xué)試題課程代碼：

37、008321. Eachofthestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfouralternativeanswers.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterinthebracket.(30%)1. Wordsmayfallintonativewordsandborrowedwordsby.(C)1.5-11A.usefrequencyB.notionC.originD.sound2. WhichofthefollowingwordsdoesNOTbelongtojargon?(A)1.5.1-13A.Or

38、chestra.B.Bottomline.C.Ballparkfigures.D.Bargainingchips.3. Inthesentence“Itisfuntoplaywithchildren.”,therearecontentwords.(B)1.5.2-16A.2B.3C.4D.54. RapidgrowthofscienceandtechnologybreedssuchnewwordsasthefollowingEXCEPT.(B)2.3-30A.openheartsurgeryB.fastfoodC.moonwalkD.spaceshuttle5. Revivingarchaic

39、wordsalsocontributestothegrowthofEnglishvocabulary.Forinstance,theAmericansuse"sick"forinBritishEnglish.(D)2.4-32A.sixB.ailmentC.throwingupD.ill6. IfwesaythatOldEnglishwasalanguageoffullendings,MiddleEnglishwasoneofendings.(A)2.2.2-28A.leveledB.shortC.longD.paralleled7. Thepluralmorpheme&q

40、uot;-s"ispronouncedas/s/inthefollowingwordsEXCEPT.(B)3.2-38A.packsB.bagsC.cheatsD.ships8. Therearefreemorphemicwordsinthefollowingwords:bird,man,red,turn.(D)3.3.1-39A.1B.2C.3D.49.ThefollowingwordshavederivationalaffixesEXCEPT.(D)3.3.2-41A.subseaB.prewarC.postwarD.desks10.Thesuffix“-tion"is

41、asuffix.(D)4.1.2-50A.adjectiveB.verbC.adverbD.noun11.FromthesentencesHandinyourpapers.andShepaperedtheroomgreen.,wecanseesuchameansofwordformationas.(C)4.3-57A.affixationB.compoundingC.conversionD.acronymy12.Thewordbegcomesfromthewordbeggar.Suchawayofcreatinganewwordiscalled.(D)4.7-68A.suffixationB.

42、clipping僅供學(xué)習(xí)與交流，如有侵權(quán)請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除 謝謝9精品資料C.blendingD.back-formation13. "Pen' and "sword” motivated words.areA. semanticallyB. etymologicallyC. morphologicallyD. onomatopoeicallyinthesentenceThepenismightierthanthesword.(A)5.2.3-85僅供學(xué)習(xí)與交流，如有侵權(quán)請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除 謝謝19meaning, for they have the same plural

43、14. Tables,men,potatoeshavethesamemeaning.(B)5.3.1-86A.lexicalB.grammaticalC.conceptualD.associative15. StylisticfeaturesofwordsincludethefollowingEXCEPT.(C)5.3.2-88A.formalB.literaryC.argumentativeD.slang16. Thewordisanillustrativeexampleofconcatenation.(C)6.1.2-99A.neckB.boardC.candidateD.harvest1

44、7. Basedonthedegreeof,homonymsfallintothreeclasses:perfecthomonyms,homographsandhomophones.(C)6.2.1-100A.intensityB.propertyC.similarityD.variety18. Completesynonymsareidenticalbothingrammaticalmeaningandlexicalmeaning,includingandassociativemeanings.(A)6.3.2-105A.conceptualB.perceptualC. eventualD.

45、actual19. Narrowingofmeaning,alsocalled,istheoppositeofwideningmeaning.(A)7.1.2-137A. specializationB. realizationC. evolutionD. creation20. As far as transfer is concerned, the phrase transfer.( D ) 7.1.4-141A. from concrete to abstract meaningsB. from abstract to concrete meaningsC. through associ

46、ation“l(fā)oud colours " falls into the category ofD. ofsensations21. Inthesentence“Shesaidwithanembarrassedlaugh.”,theword“embarrassed”canbeclassifiedintosenseoftransfer.(A)7-148A.subjectiveB.objectiveC.sensationalD.physical22. Basedoncontext,wecandeterminethemeaningof“dotheflowers".(C)8.1.2-

47、153A.culturalB.grammaticalC.lexicalD.situational23. Physicalsituationorenvironmentrelatingtotheuseofwordsiscalledornon-linguisticcontext.(A)8.1-149A.extra-linguisticB.lexicalC.grammaticalD.syntactical24. Inthesentence“ManyUnitedNationsemployeesarepolyglots.Mr.Mary,forexample,speaksfivelanguages.”,th

48、eword“polyglot"isexplainedbyclue.(B)24.3.3- 157A.definitionB.exampleC.synonymyD.hyponymy25. WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthestylisticfeaturesofidioms?(A)9.3.1-171A.Frozenstyle.B.Slang.C.Literarystyle.D.Colloquialisms.26. "Chopandchangewisanidiominnature.(A)9.2.3-167A.verbalB.nominalC.adjec

49、tivalD.adverbial27. Thechangeofidiom“thelaststraw"fromtheoriginalformis.(D)9.3.3177A.replacementB.dismemberingC.additionD.shortening28. Encyclopedicdictionariescanbefurtherdividedintoandencyclopedicdictionaries.(B)10.1.2-185A.linguisticB.encyclopediaC.specializedD.unabridged29. OxfordDictionary

50、ofCurrentIdiomaticEnglishisa(n)dictionary.(A)10.1.4-188A.specializedB.deskC.pocketD.encyclopedic30. LongmanDictionaryofContemporaryEnglish(LDCE)wasnotedforthefollowingaspectsEXCEPT.(C)10.3.1-195A. itswidecoverageofnewwords,newmeaningsandnewusagesB. itssimpleandcleardefinitionsC. itsuseofextracolumnD

51、. itsmeticulousandcompletegrammaticalinformationn.MatchthewordsinColumnAwiththewordsinColumnBaccordingto1)typesofvocabularybynotion;2)typesofmorphemes;3)senserelationsand4)typesofidioms.(10%)AB(A.contradictorytermofantonym)31.rich/well-to-do/poorA.contradictorytermofantonym6.4.1-113(I.idiomverbalinn

52、ature)32.callitadayB.superordinate/subordinate6.5-117(C.homograph)33.sowv.toscatterseeds/sown.femaleadultpigC.homograph6.2.1100(G.boundmorphemes)34.recollection/idealisticD.idiomnominalinnature9.2.1-166(F.relativetermofantonym)35.employer/employeeE.notionalwords1.5.2-16(H.freemorphemes)36.without/be

53、hindF.relativetermofantonym6.4.1-113(B.superordinate/subordinate)37.fish/herringG.boundmorphemes3.3.2-39(J.idiomadjectivalinnature)38.cutanddriedH.freemorphemes3.3.1-39(E.notionalwords)39.watch/teachI.idiomverbalinnature9.2.3-167(D.idiomnominalinnature)40.braintrustJ.idiomadjectivalinnature9.2.2-166

54、m.Completethefollowingstatementswithproperwordsorexpressionsaccordingtothecoursebook.(10%)41. Accordingtosemanticists,awordisaunitof_meaning.1.1-642. ModernEnglishvocabularydevelopsthroughthreechannels:creation,semanticchangeand_borrowing.2.4-3143. _Boundmorphemesarechieflyfoundinderivedwords.3.3.2-

55、3944. Prefixesonlymodifythe_meaningofthestem.4.1.1-4645. Lexical_meaningofawordhastwocomponents:conceptualmeaningandassociativemeaning.5.3.1-8746. Indictionaries,a_polysemanthasitsmeaningsalllistedunderoneheadwordwhereashomonymsarelistedasseparateentries.6.2.3-10247. Indeed,itoftenhappensthatawordis

56、retainedforanamethoughthemeaninghaschangedbecausethe_referenthaschanged.7.2.1-14148. Thesentence“IlostBetty'spicture."isambiguousdueto_polysemy.8-15549. Basedonthecriterionof_grammaticalfunctions,idiomsmaybeclassifiedintofivegroups.9.2-16550. Encyclopedicdictionarieshavethecharacteristicsof

57、both_linguisticdictionariesandencyclopedia.10.1.2-185IV.Definethefollowingterms.(10%)51. word1.1-7答案：Awordisaminimalfreeformofalanguagethathasagivensoundandmeaningandsyntacticfunction.52. clipping4.5-64答案：Clippingisacommonwayofmakingawordistoshortenalongerwordbycuttingapartofftheoriginalandusingwhat

58、remainsinstead.53. onomatopoeic5.2.1-83答案：Themeaningofawordrelatingtoitssound.54. synchronicapproach6.1.1-97答案：Anapproachtopolysemy,bywhichpolysemyisviewedasthecoexistenceofvariousmeaningsofthesamewordinacertainhistoricalperiodoftime.55. deskdictionaries10.1.3-187答案：Deskdictionariesaremedium-sizedonescontainingwordsrangingfrom50,000to150,000,mostuse