高三備考英語——歷高考英語閱讀理解真題匯編及詳解(歷史類)

1、第1題2006年普通高等學校夏季招生測試英語陜西卷Forcenturies,theonlyformofwrittencorrespondence通信wastheletters,letterswere,andare,sentbysomeformofpostalservice,thehistoryofwhichgoesbackalongway.Indeed,theEgyptiansbegansendinglettersfromabout2000BC,asdidtheChineseathousandyearslater.Ofcourse,modernpostalservicenowaremuchmo

2、redevelopedandfaster,dependingastheydooncarsandplanesfordelivery.Yettheyarestilltooslowforsomepeopletosendurgentdocuments緊急文件andletters.Theinventionofthefaxmachineincreasedthespeedofdeliveringdocumentsevenmore.Whenyousendafax,youaresendingacopyofapieceofcorrespondencetosomeonebytelephoneservice.Itwa

3、snotuntiltheearly1980sthatsuchaservicewasdevelopedenoughforbusinessestobeabletofaxdocumentstoeachother.Thefaxserviceisstillverymuchinusewhencopiesofdocumentsrequiretobesent,but,asawayoffastcorrespondence,ithasbeenlargelytakentheplaceofbyemail,Emailisusedtodescribemessagessentformonecomputerusertoano

4、ther.Thereareadvantagesanddisadvantageswithemails.Ifyousendsomeoneanemail,thenhewillreceiveitextremelyquickly.Normalpostalservicesareratherslowasfarasspeedofdeliveryisconcerned.However,ifyouwritesomethingbyemail,whichyoumightlaterregret,andsenditimmediately,thereisnochanceforsecondthoughts.Atleast,i

5、fyouarepostingaletteryouhavetoaddressandseal封theenvelopeandtakeittothepostbox.Thereisplentyoftimetochangeyourmind.Themessageisthinkbeforeyouemail!41.Wecanlearnfromthetextthat.A.emailislesspopularthanthefaxserviceB.thepostalservicehasovertheyearsbecomefasterC. thepostalservicehasovertheyearsbecomeslo

6、werD. thefaxservicehasahistoryaslongasthepostalservicedoes42.1 tcanbeinferredfromthetextthat.A. thefaxservicehadbeenfullydevelopedbythe1980sB. lettershavebeenusedinChinaforabout1,000yearsC. thefaxmachinewasinventedafterthe1980sD. lettershavebeenusedinEgyptforabout2,000years43.Inthelastparagraph,thew

7、ritermentions"thinkbeforeyouemail"toshowthat.A.youmayregretifyoudon'tyourenvelop§oumayregretbeforeyousendsomethingbyemailC.you'dbetternotsendyouremailinahurryD.youneedplentyoftimetosendanemail44.Thetextmainlydealwith.A.theprogressincorrespondenceB.theadvantageoffaxmachinesC.th

8、eadvantageofemailsD.theinventionoffaxmachines答案41.B42.A43.C44.A41 .解析：這是一道細節(jié)推斷題.根據(jù)第二段第一句"modernpostalservicesnowaremuchdevelopedandfaster可知選B.42 .解析：這是一道推斷題.根據(jù)"Itwasnotuntiltheearly1980sthatsuchaservicehasdevelopedenough可以推斷20世紀80年代初fax已經(jīng)比擬興旺可以滿足商用了,所以選A.43 .解析：這是一道細節(jié)題.由于email方便高速,可供考慮的時間很

9、短,如果發(fā)現(xiàn)問題就來不及了,所以作者建議發(fā)送前多想想,選C.44 .解析：這是一道主旨題.本文講述了通訊的開展和由此帶來的變化,著重于不同通訊方式的比擬和開展過程,而不是單單針對某種方式來講述.A選項最貼近這一點.第2題2004年普通高等學校夏季招生測試英語全國卷ISayyouarea17thcenturyconstructionworkerwho'sworkedlongandhardtobuildasplendidtowerforthedeadwifeofyouremperor.Nowsaythattheemperorordersyourfingertipscutoffsoyouca

10、nneverbuildanotherone.Yes,thatistheTajMahal,oneofthemostfamousbuildingsintheworld.AndthetalebehindtheconstructionisjustasimpressiveER象深亥ij的asthebuildingitself.First,there'stheemperorofnorthernIndia,ShahJehan,alsocalledtheKingoftheWorld.In1612,ShahJehanmarriedMumtazMahal.Madlyinlove,theyhad14chil

11、drenoverthenext20years.Butthensadnesscame.AsMumtazwasabouttogivebirthtochildnumber14,shesaidshehadheardherunbornbabycryout.Itwasasignofdeath.AndasMumtazlaydying,sheaskedJehantobuildalastingmemorial紀念物tocelebratetheirlove.WhentheheartbrokenJehanappearedeightdaysafterhiswife'sdeath,hispeopleweresh

12、ockedtoseethathiscoal-blackhairhadturnedsnow-white.Puttingawayhissadness,Jehanorderedhiswifehca'rriscdyiirtgworethan20000workerslaborednearly22yearstocompletetheconstruction.In1653,JehanplacedMumtazremainsinthecenterunderthebuilding.Andthen,sonnumberfive,Aurangzeb,murderedhisbrothersandtookovert

13、hepowerfromhisagingfather,Jehanlivedtherestofhisdays-eightyears,tobeexact-imprisonednotfarfromtheTajMahal.Jehanwasonlyallowedtoclimbontothetopofhisprisontoseethetimelesstreasurefromadistance.Butneveragainwouldhebeallowedtovisitituntilhewasburiednexttohiswife.Today25,000peoplevisittheTajMahaleachday.

14、Thoughthereasonforbuildingthetowerwasastrange,sadstory,thosewhoseeitsbreath-takingbeautyareremindedofthehappinessthatinspired激發(fā)的靈感itsconstruction.59. Thefirsttwoparagraphswerewrittentoshowthat.A.theTajMahalisanunusualhistoricbuildingB.ancientIndianemperorswerecruelC. constructionworkersledahardlifei

15、nancientIndiaD. Indiahassomeofthemostfamousbuildingsintheworld60.TheTajMahalwasfirstbuiltas.A.aprisonB.agifttoMumtazC.amemorialbuildingD.atouristattraction61. WelearnfromthetextthatMumtazprobablydiedin.A.1626B.1632C.1634D.165362. Theunderlinedword“happiness"inthelastsentencerefersto.A. themarri

16、edhappinessoftheemperorandhiswifeB. thegreatpleasureJehanoncefoundinexercisinghispowerC.thehappinessJehanfeltoncompletingtheTajMahalD.thepleasuretouristsexperiencewhenvisitingtheTajMahal答案59.A60.C61.B62.A第3題2004年普通高等學校夏季招生測試英語上海卷HolidayInnsandMcDonald's,bothsawunmatchedgrowthinthe1960s.Theirgrow

17、thopenedanotherdirectbusinessoperationfranchising特許經(jīng)營Theseoperationshavethesamegeneralpattern.Thefranchisor,theparentcompany,firstestablishesasuccessfulretail零售business.Asitexpands,itseesaprofitpotentialinofferingotherstherighttoopensimilarbusinessunderitsname.Theparentcompany'smethodsandmeansof

18、identificationwithconsumersareincludedinthisright.Theparentcompanysuppliesskill,andmaybuildandrentstorestofranchisees.Fortheseadvantagesthefranchiseepaysthefranchisoraconsiderablefee.However,someoftheadvantagesanddisadvantagesaredifferent.Byextendinga“proven“marketingmethod,aparentcanprofitinseveral

19、.wiast5thefranchisee'spurchasepricegivestheparentanimmediatereturnontheplan.Thenthesaleofsuppliestothefranchiseeprovidesacontinuingsourceofprofits.Asnewbusinessesareaddedandthecompany'sreputationspreads,thevalueoftheafrchiseincreasesandsalesoffranchisesbecomeeasier.Thesnowballingeffectcanbed

20、ramatic.Suchgrowth,too,bringsintoplaytheeconomiesofscale規(guī)模經(jīng)濟.Regionalornationaladvertisingthatmightbefinanciallyimpossibleforafranchisorwith20franchisescouldbeprofitableforonewith40.Theparent,then,findsimmediategainsfromtheopportunitytoexpandmarketsonthebasisofreputationalone,withouthavingtoputupcap

21、italortaketheriskofowningretailstores.Addedtothisadvantageisalessobviousbutmaterialone.Skilled,responsibleretailmanagersarerare.Peoplewhoinvesttheircapitalinfranchises,though,probablycomeclosertotheidealthandopaidmanagers.Infact,thefranchiseeisanindependentstoreoperatorworkingforthefranchisor,butwit

22、houtanindependent'sfreedomtodropsuppliesatwill.Ofcoursethefactory'scostsofsellingsuppliesareless.Butalsctarinlythefranchiseebuyinggoodsthathavehadbroadconsumeracceptancewillnotcasuallychangesupplies,evenwhenthecontractpermits.Ifthehamburgerisnotwhatthecustomerexpected,theymaynotreturn.Having

23、paidforthegoodwill,thefranchiseewon'tthoughtlesslydestroyit.Franchisingmaygiveyoutheideathatasafranchisor,youneedonlyrelaxintherockingchair.Franchising,however,hasproblemstobesolved.86.Franchisingreferstoabusinessoperationinwhichasuccessfulparentcompany.A.sellsname-brandgoodstoaprivateinvestorB.

24、rentsprovenideasandtechniquesforinvestmentC.sellstheright,theguidancetoabusinessunderitsnameD.takesnoadvertisingresponsibilityforindividualinvestors87.TheadvantagesoffranchisingtotheparentcompanyareallthefollowingEXCEPT.A.animmediateinvestmentreturnB.theownershipofadditionalretailstoresC.theprofitfr

25、omthesaleofsuppliesD.thepossibilityofprofitableadvertising88 .Thepassagemainlytellsthereader.A.theadvantagesanddisadvantagesoffranchisingB.thebenefitsoffranchisingtothefranchisorC.theunmatchedeconomicgrowthinthe1960D.sbmeregionalandnationalbusinessoperation89 .Whatwilltheauthorprobablydiscussafterth

26、elastparagraph?A.Moreadvantagesoffranchising.C.Thestandardofconsumeracceptance.答案86.C87.B88.B89.DB.Risksofinvestmentbesidesfranchising.0.Negativeaspectsrelatedtofranchising.第4題2004年普通高等學校春季招生測試英語北京卷Thefirsttaperecorderdidn'tusetape.Itusedlongthinwire.Itwasinventedin1990byValdermarPoulsen.In1930,

27、Germanscientistsinventedthetapeweusetoday.Backthenthetapewasonbigrolls.In1964thePhilipscompanyinHollandinventedthecassette.Itmuchaholderforthetape.Peopleusecassettesallovertheworld.Ifyoudonrecorder,borrowone.spretty'thaveacasstThinkofabookyourparentsreadoutloudtoyou.Thatmightbeagreatbooktoreadou

28、tloudtoyourmomordadintheircar.Putacassetteintherecorder,openthebook,hittherecordbuttonandstartreadingoutloud.Rememberthereisnosuchathingasawrongwaytodothis.Youmightthinkyoumadea'vemistake,butthisgiftispartofyou,andnothingaboutthatcanbeamistake.It'simpossible.Yougettobeallartisticandcreativeh

29、ere.Youmightwanttoplaymusicinthebackground.Dowhateveryouwant.Thegiftisyou,soyoudecide.Remembertosay“Iloveyouattheendofyourreading.That'sliketheprizeattheendofthebook.63 .Choosetherightorderthatshowsthedevelopmentofthetaperecorder.a.Usingbigrolls.b.Usingcassettes.c.Usingthinwire.A.a,b,cB.b,caC.ca

30、bD.cb,a64 .WhydoestheauthormentionthehistoryoftaperecordersinParagraph1?A.Toinformreadersofnewinventions.C.Togiveanexampleofhissuggestion.65.Whatdoestheauthoradviseustodo?A.Toreadabooktoourparentsintheircar.C.Tomakeagiftforourparents.66 .WhydoestheauthorsayitisimpossibletomakeamistakeinA.Becausethet

31、apeshowsyourtruelove.B.BecauseitC.Becausethemusiciswhatyourparentslike.D.Becauseitthebook.答案63.C64.B65.C67 Toleadintohisfollowingsuggestion.D.Toshowtheimportanceoftaperecorders.68 Toaskourparentstorecordabook.D.Topracticereadingoutloud.Paragraph3'seasytouseataperecorder.'simpossibletofindami

32、stakein66.A第5題2003年普通高等學校夏季招生測試英語全國卷TristandaCunha,a38-square-mileisland,isthefarthestinhabitedislandintheworld,accordingtotheGuinnessBookofrecords.Itis1510milessouthwestofitsnearestneighbor.St.Helena,and1950mileswestofAfrica.DiscoveredbythePortugueseadmiral葡萄牙海軍上將ofthesamenamein1506,andsettledin181

33、0,theislandbelongstoGreatBritainandhasapopulationofafewhundred.CominginaclosesecondandoftenwronglymentionedasthemostdistantlandisEasterIsland,whichlies1260mileseastofitsnearestneighbor,PitcairnIsland,and2300mileswestofSouthAmerica.Themountainous64-square-mileislandwassettledaroundthe5thcentury,suppo

34、sedlybypeoplewhowerelostatsea.Theyhadnoconnectionwiththeoutsideworldformorethanathousandyears,givingthemplentyoftimetobuildmorethan1000hugestonefigures,calledmoai,forwhichtheislandismostfamous.OnEasterSunday,1722,however,settlersfromHollandmovedinandgavetheislanditsname.Today,2000peopleliveontheChil

35、eanterritory智禾U領(lǐng)土.Theyshareonestreet,asmallairport,andafewhoursoftelevisionperday.1.1 ItcanbelearnedfromthetextthattheislandofTristandaCunha.A.wasnamedafteritsdiscovererB.gotitsnamefromHollandsettlersC.wasnamedbytheBritishgovernmentD.gotitsnamefromtheGuinnessBookofRecords57 .Whichofthefollowingismos

36、tfamousformoai?A.TristandaCunha.B.PitcairnIsland.C.EasterIsland.D.St.Helena.58 .WhichcountrydoesEasterIslandbelongto?A.Britain.B.Holland.C.Portugal.D.Chile.答案56.A57.C58.D第6題2000年普通高等學校夏季招生測試英語全國卷OlafStapledonwroteabookcalledFirstandLastMen,inwhichhelookedmillionsofyearsahead.Hetoldofdifferentmenando

37、fstrangecivilisations文明,brokenupbylong“darkages"inbetween.InhisviewwhatiscalledthepresenttimeisnomorethanamomentinhumanhistoryandwearejusttheFirstMen.In2,000millionyearsfromnowtherewillbetheEighteenthorLastMen.However,mostofourideasaboutthefuturearereallyveryshort-sighted.Perhapswecanseesomepos

38、sibilitiesforthenextfiftyyears.Butthenexthundred?Thenextthousand?Thenextmillion?That'smuchmoredifficult.Whenmenandwomenlivedbyhunting50,000yearsago,howcouldtheyevenbegintopicturemodernlife?Yettomenof50,000yearsfromnow,wemayseemasprimitive原始的inourideasastheStone-Agehuntersdotous.Perhapstheywillsp

39、endtheirdaysgollockingtomakenewspundels,orstrugglingwiththeirballalatorsthroughthecribe.Thesewords,whichIhavejustmadeup,havetostandforthingsandideasthatwesimplycan.'tthinkofSowhybothereventotryimagininglifefarinthefuture?Herearetworeasons.Frist,unlesswerememberhowshortourownlivesarecomparedwitht

40、hewholehumanhistory,wearelikelytothinkourowninterestsaremuchmoreimportantthantheyreallyare.Ifwemaketheearthapoorplacetoliveonbecausewearecarelessorgreedy貪婪orquarrelsome,ourgrandchildrenwillnotbothertothinkofexcusesforus.Second,bytryingtoescapefrompresentinterestsandimaginelifefarinthefuture,wemayarr

41、iveatquitefreshideasthatwecanuseourselves.Forexample,ifweimaginethatinthefuturemenmaygiveupfarming,wecanthinkoftryingitnow.Sosetyourimaginationfreewhenyouthinkaboutthefuture.63 .AparticularmentionmadeofStapledon'sbookintheopeningparagraph.A.servesasadescriptionofhumanhistoryB.servesasanintroduct

42、iontothediscussionC.showsadisagreementofviewsD.showsthepopularityofthebook64 .Thetextdiscussesmenandwomen50,000yearsagoand50,000yearsfromnowinordertoshowthat.A.humanhistoryisextremelylongB.lifehaschangedagreatdealC.itisuselesstoplanforthenext50yearsfutureD.itisdifficulttotellwhatwillhappeninthe65.Sp

43、undelsandballalatorsareusedinthetexttoreferto.A.toolsusedinfarmingB.ideasaboutmodernlifeC.unknownthingsinthefutureD.huntingskillsintheStoneAge66.Accordingtothewriterofthetext,imaginingthefuturewill.A.servetheinterestsofthepresentandfuturegenerationsB.enableustobetterunderstandhumanhistoryC.helpustoi

44、mprovefarmingD.makelifeworthliving答案63.B64.D65.C66.A第7題2000年普通高等學校春季招生測試英語上海卷Sincethebeginningoftime,manhasbeeninterestedinthemoon.TheRomansdesignedaspecialdaytoshowadmirationandrespecttothemoon.Theycalledit,“Moondayor“Monday,“asweknowittoday.Later,thegreatmindofLeonardodaVincistudiedthemoonanddesig

45、nedamachinetocarryahumantothemoon.Leonardosaidthatonedayagreatmachinebirdwouldtakeapersontothemoonandbringgreathonourtothehomewhereitwasborn.Fourandahalfcenturieslater,Leonardo'sideawasreaid.ApollontookthreeAmericansCollins,Aldrin,andArmstrongtothemoon.Themission任務didfillthewholeworldwithgreatsu

46、rprise,asLeonardohadsaiditwould.Numerousessays,articles,andbookswerewrittenaboutman'sfirstmoonmission.Bha曄themostinterestingstorywasonewrittenbeforetheevent-over100yearsbefore.In1865,FrenchauthorJulesVernewroteastoryaboutthefirstjourneytothemoon.Hisstorywasverysimilartothe1969Apollonmission.Vern

47、e'sspacaftralsocontainedthreementwoAmericansandaFrenchman.ThespacecraftwasdescribedasbeingalmostthesamesizeasApollon.Thelaunch發(fā)射siteinVerne'sstorywasalsoinFlorida.ThespacecraftinVerne'sstorywasnamedthe“ColumTheApolloncommandshipwascalled“Columbia.Hisaccountofsendingthespacecraftintothesp

48、acecouldeasilyhavebeenwrittenabouthowApollonwassentintothespace.Verne'sstorywasthesameastheactualeventinseveralotherrespects.ThespeedofVerne'sspacecraftwas36,000feetpersecondApollo'swas35,533feetpersecond.Verne'sspacecrafttook97hourstoreachthemoon;Apollo'stimewas103hours.LikeApol

49、lo'sspacemen,Verne'sspacementookpicturesofthemoon,relaxesucfateeirseats,cookedwithgas,andexperiencedweightlessness.TheytoocamedowninthePacificandwerepickedupbyanAmericanwarship.WhatwerethereasonsforJulesVerne'sextremeaccuracyindescribinganevent100yearsormorebeforeitactuallyoccurred?Hebas

50、edhiswritingsonthelawsofphysicsandastronomy天文學.Nineteenth-centuryscienceandthevividVerne'simaginationgavepeopleanunbelievablyaccuratepreviewofoneofthegreatesteventsofthe20thcentury.76 .LeonardodaVincisaidthatagreatmachinebirdwouldA.bringgreathonortothemoonB.flytowardthesunC.exploretheheavensD.ta

51、kepeopletothemoon77 .JulesVernewrotehisstoryofaman'svisittothemoon.aboutA.100yearsbeforetheApollonmissionB.10yearsbeforetheApollonmissionC.fourandone-halfcenturiesagoD.100yearsago78 .Verne'sstoryisverysimilarto.A.thefirstU.S.spacemissionB.theApollonmissionC.LeonardodaVinci'sstoryD.numero

52、usotherbooksonthesamesubject79 .ThepassagesuggeststhatJulesVerne.A.developedthelawsofphysicsB.basedhiswritingsontheworksofLeonardodaVinciC.wasveryluckyinwhathehaddescribedaboutthefutureD.knewagreatdealaboutthelawsofphysicsandastronomy80.Thepassagemainydescribes.A.therapidprogressofmankindB.Verne'

53、;saccuratepreviewofthefutureC.the1969ApollonmoonmissionD.the19th-centuryscienceandtechnology答案76.D77.A78.B79.D80.B第8題1998年普通高等學校夏季招生測試英語全國卷ThereportcametotheBritishonMay21,1941.TheGermanbattleshipBismarck,themostpowerfulwarshipintheworld,wasmovingoutintotheAtlanticOcean.Hertask:todestroytheshipscarr

54、yingsuppliesfromtheUnitedStatestowar-tornEngland.TheBritishhadfearedsuchatask.NowarshiptheyhadcouldmatchtheBismarckinspeedinfirepower.TheBismarckhadeight15-inchgunsand81smallerguns.Shecouldmoveat31nauticalmiles海里anhour.Shewasbelievedtobeunsinkable.However,theBritishhadtosinkher.Theysentoutataskforce

55、headedbytheirbestbattleshipHoodtohuntdowntheBismarck.OnMay24,theHoodfoundtheBismarck.ItwasameetingthattheGermancommanderLuetjensdidnotwanttosee.HisordersweretodestroytheBritishshipsthatwerecarryingsupplies,buttostayawayfromafightwithBritishwarships.Thebattledidn'tlastlong.TheBismarck'sfirstt

56、orpedo魚雷hittheHood,whichwentdowntakingallbutthreeofher1419menwithher.Butinthefight,theBismarckwasslightlydamaged損壞.HercommanderdecidedtorunforrepairtoFrance,whichhadatthattimebeentakenbytheGermans.TheBritishforcefollowedher.However,becauseoftheBismarck'sspeedandtheheavyfog,theylostsightofher.Fortwoday