各類從句講解與例句

1、英語(yǔ)中六大從句用法總結(jié)1.主語(yǔ)從句 1）主語(yǔ)從句可直接位于主語(yǔ)的位置，如果從句較長(zhǎng)，謂語(yǔ)又較短，可用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而將從句放在句末。常見(jiàn)的句型有： *It is a facta pitya questiongood news that. *It seemsappearshappenedhas turned out that. *It is clearimportantlikelypossible that. *It is saidreportedestimatedhas been proved that. It is said that comic books create a connec

2、tion between people of the same generation. It seems that the performance is very useful. 2)what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句表示“.的東西時(shí)”，一般不用it作形式主語(yǔ)。 What we lack is experience. 3)what,who,when,why,whether等詞含有各自的疑問(wèn)意義，但它們引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，都用陳述語(yǔ)序。 How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again. I did know why I felt like

3、crying. 2.賓語(yǔ)從句 1）賓語(yǔ)從句可位于及物動(dòng)詞、介詞和某些形容詞后。連詞that?？墒÷浴＝樵~后一般接疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。in that(因?yàn)?,except that(除了),but that(只是）已構(gòu)成固定搭配，其他介詞后一般不接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。 *I promised that I would change the situation. *All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship. *He is certain that watching so m

4、uch television is not good for children. *This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long. 2）非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后的賓語(yǔ)從句 Reading that it was just a difference in custom, the foreigner smiled and said nothing. 這個(gè)外國(guó)人知道了這只是風(fēng)俗的不同后，就笑了笑，沒(méi)說(shuō)什么。 On being asked whether he had any good food in Germany, he answ

5、ered ”Terrible”. 一問(wèn)到他在德國(guó)是否吃過(guò)什么好菜，他就回答說(shuō)：“糟糕的很”。3)賓語(yǔ)從句后如有賓補(bǔ)，要用形式賓語(yǔ)it來(lái)代替，而把賓語(yǔ)從句移至賓補(bǔ)之后。 He has made it clear that he would not change his mind. 4)在think,believe,suppose,expect等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，如果謂語(yǔ)是否定的，一般將否定詞移至主句謂語(yǔ)上，賓語(yǔ)從句則變成肯定形式。 He didn't think that the money was well spent. 3.表語(yǔ)從句 表語(yǔ)從句出現(xiàn)在結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)從句”的

6、句子中。表語(yǔ)從句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引導(dǎo)外，還可由because,as if(though)等引導(dǎo)。不缺其他成分時(shí)，用that引導(dǎo)，且不可省略。如主句主語(yǔ)為reason,只能用that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，不可用because. Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that there is no one common type of life in America. The reason why so many people died there is that there were not

7、enough food supplies. It looks as if successful international cultural communication will make the world smaller. 4.同位語(yǔ)從句 同位語(yǔ)從句用于對(duì)前面出現(xiàn)的名詞作進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明，一般用連詞that引導(dǎo)，由于先行名詞的意義不同，也可用whether,who,when,where,what,why,how等引導(dǎo)。常見(jiàn)的先行名詞有fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,dec

8、ision.有時(shí)由于謂語(yǔ)較短，將同位語(yǔ)從句位于謂語(yǔ)之后。 She finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show. I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time. The news came that their team had won the championship. 5.定語(yǔ)從句 定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的先行詞可以是名詞或代詞，也可以是一個(gè)句子。定語(yǔ)從句通常位于先行詞之后，由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)。 *限制性定語(yǔ)從句 限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞，對(duì)先行詞起修

9、飾作用，緊接先行詞之后，無(wú)逗號(hào)，若省去，原句意思不完整。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有who,whom,whose,which,that等。who,whom,whose用于指人，whose有時(shí)也可指物，相當(dāng)于of which；which用于指物；that既可指人也可指物，但只用于限制性定語(yǔ)從句中。關(guān)系代詞除了引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，替代先行詞外，還在從句中擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等。 The computers and cables which make up the Internet are owned by people and organizations. Those who live alone or w

10、ho are sick may have trouble in getting close to other people. The girl whose parents died in an accident is living with her grandmother. 1)當(dāng)先行詞是all,anything,everything,something,nothing等不定代詞或先行詞前有first,last,any,few,much,some,no,only以及形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，只能用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)從句。 That is all that I've heard from h

11、im. He's the first person that I'm going to interview this afternoon. 2)關(guān)系代詞的省略 在從句中作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞?？墒÷?。關(guān)系代詞緊跟介詞，作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不可用that，只可用which或whom引導(dǎo)從句，并且不可省略，但當(dāng)介詞位于賓語(yǔ)從句句末時(shí)，作為介詞賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞仍可用that，也可省略。 This is one of those things with which we have to put up. This is one of those things (whichthat) we have to

12、 put up with. 3)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系副詞有when,where,why等。關(guān)系副詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，意義上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)“介詞+which”的結(jié)構(gòu)。 Even in comic books where(=in which) there are no words,the stories are fully expressed through the drawings. No one knows the reason why(=for which) he was so angry that day. 5.定語(yǔ)從句 *非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句既可修飾先行詞，也可修飾整個(gè)主句，起補(bǔ)充

13、說(shuō)明作用，與主句之間有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，若省去，原句意思不受影響。不可用that引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。關(guān)系詞不可省略。 Every object has a gravitational pull,which is rather like magnetism. *“介詞+whichwhomwhose”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 “介詞+whichwhomwhose”可引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，也可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，該結(jié)構(gòu)中介詞的選擇取決于從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的固定搭配，或先行詞的習(xí)慣搭配。 This is the computer on which he spent all his savings It is written

14、 by a person with whom we are all familiar. *as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句主要用于“such.as”及“the same.as”的結(jié)構(gòu)中，代替先行詞是人或物的名詞。as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，代替整個(gè)主句，從句可位于主句之前、之后或中間。 These are not such problems as can be easily solved.(as代替先行詞problems) As is mentioned above,no single company or group can control what happens on the In

15、ternet.(as代替主語(yǔ)) 6.狀語(yǔ)從句 *時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞和詞組有： 1）when,whenever,while,as,after,before,since,till,until,once等。 We have learnt quite a lot about it since we came here. 2)as soon as,hardly(scarcely).when,no sooner.than,each(every) time,the moment,immediately(that)等。 As soon as I sent an e-mail messag

16、e,I received positive responses. The moment he heard the good news,he jumped with joy. *地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句 引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞是where,wherever. Wherever she went,she took her little daughter with her. *原因、結(jié)果和目的狀語(yǔ)從句 1）引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞有：because,as,since,now(that),seeing that,considering that,in that等。 Considering that he is

17、a freshman,we must say he is doing well. 2)引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：so.that,such.that ,so that,that,so等。 Mickey Mouse is so attractive that the children are reluctant to leave. 3)引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：so that,in order that,for fear that,lest等，從句常使用may,might,can,could,would等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。 We got up early this morning so that we c

18、ould catch the first bus to the railway station. *條件和讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 1）引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞和詞組有if,unless,as(so) long as,on condition that,in case,provided(providing) that,supposing等。 As long as you have the right equipment,you can use a telephone line to transmit computer data. 2)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞和詞組有though,although,whethe

19、r,even though,even if,no matter what(when,how.),whatever(whenever,wherever,however.)等。though,even if等引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句可轉(zhuǎn)換成含有as的部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，具有強(qiáng)調(diào)意義。其結(jié)構(gòu)為“形容詞（副詞、動(dòng)詞、名詞）+as+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)”。 No matter what you may say,I would not change my mind. Young as he is,he is quite experienced in this work.(=though he is young) Child as he

20、 is,he can speak English fluently.(=though he is a child) *方式狀語(yǔ)從句 引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有as,just as,as if,as though等。as if,as though引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示與事實(shí)相反。 The young man made the experiment just as the teacher had taught him. Everything went on as usual as if nothing had happened. 從句專題練習(xí) 在空格處填上適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)連詞：1. T

21、he question is _ the film is worth seeing.2. Do you doubt _ I believe you ?3. This museum is not _ it was ten years ago.4. The reason for his success is _ he work hard.5. She dresses well, but the trouble is _ the clothes she is wearing dont go with each other very well.6. The suggestion _ students

22、should learn some practical knowledge is worth considering.7. It depends on _ we have enough time.8. You have no idea _ anxious I have been for her safety.9. Now we can see _ a serious problem the population is.10. I want to buy some stamps. Can you tell me _ theres a post office near here?11. There

23、s some doubt _ she will be able to repay the money on time.12. My radio doesnt work. I dont know _ is the trouble.13. _ he doesnt like them is very clear.14. Id appreciate it _ you carry out the experiment as directed.15. The fire destroyed _ was in the building.16. We know little about the young la

24、dy except _ you told me.17. I know nothing about her except _ she is from Canada.18. _ there is life on another planet is almost impossible.19. Please give me the book to _ wins the first prize.20. The chance _ he will attend the meeting is very little.21. Mark wondered _ you thought of the new film

25、.22. The old woman was shocked by _ had happened to her daughter.23. Lei Fen was always thinking of _ he could help others.24. Could you tell me for_ you have bought this fur coat?25. _ he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world.26. The problem lies in _ we lack time to have holidays

26、.27. _ Thomas Edison became a great inventor is known to all.28. _ he felt sorry for was _ he wasnt in time to prevent the accident.29. _ we will go camping depends on the weather.30. _ is likely that we can bridge the generation gap.31. We should help _ is in need of our help.32. The reason _ he wa

27、s absent was _ he wasnt interested in the meeting.33. The child is fat. Thats _ he has a sweet teeth.34. Its beyond doubt _ that man will lag behind in the race.35. _ you believe it or not, it is true.36. _ he goes, the thief cant escape being caught.37. Jack is hard-working _ his younger brother is

28、 lazy.38. The baby must feel uncomfortable _ it was crying again.39. He was allowed to go swimming on _ that he kept near the other boys.40. I lent him some money in order _ he could go far for a holiday.41. It was hard work. I enjoyed it, _42. I had given up hope of going to college _ word came tha

29、t I had been admitted to a famous British University.43. Almost everyone has his own strengths and weaknesses. It is _ others are weak that maybe you have a great advantage.44. Mr. Hall understands that _ math has always been easy for him, its not easy for the students.45. Rof is determined to get a

30、 seat for the concert _ it means standing in a queue all night.46. John got injured in the game. Would it be at least a fortnight _ he could recover and return to school?47. I have heard these sons and daughters say they never fully appreciated their mothers _ it was too late to tell them.48. The project wont carry on _ we can get financial aid from the government.49. Have you lived here for long ? Not vey