專轉本英語 作文及翻譯 講義練習

1、五種簡單句五種簡單句n1.主+謂+賓 n人們在南方種植水稻。nPeople grow rice in the south n她將她的電話號碼留給你了，是嗎？nShe has left her telephone number with, hasnt she? n在任何情況下，士兵都不能離開自己的崗位。nUnder no circumstance must a soldier leave his post 。2.主系表結構 n（1）表示某種狀態(tài)的動詞：be, stay, remain, remainn（2）表示狀態(tài)變化的動詞：become, go, get, turn n（3）感官動詞：look

2、, sound, smell, taste, feel n我們的祖國變得越來越繁榮了。nOur country is getting more and more prosperous . n很快他們對這個話題就產生了興趣。nSoon they all became interested in the topic. n她看上去好象被這些話深深感動了。nShe appeared quite touched at the words. 3.主謂雙賓 n可接雙賓的動詞：show, send, offer, lend, wish, teach n她給我打了一針青霉素。nHe gave me an inj

3、ection of Penicilin. n這樣一個安排將會為我們省去大量麻煩。nSuch an arrangement will spare us a lot of trouble. 4.主謂賓賓補 n賓補：形容詞，名詞，分詞，介詞短語，不定式 n你為什么不把你的頭發(fā)染成黃色？nWhy dont you dye your hair yellow? n他們將他任命為英語系系主任。nThey appointed him head of the English Department. n請到隔壁去驗血。nPlease have your blood tested in the next room.

4、 n第二天一早，我發(fā)現他躺在我的床上。nThe next morning, I found him in my bed. n我們認為這件事情具有重要意義。nWe consider it to be of great significance. There be 結構 （主謂一致） n今晚將有一場會議。nThere is going to be a meeting tonight. n我們贏得比賽的希望不大。nThere doesnt seem to be much hope of our winning the game. n在中國大陸和臺灣之間似乎將有一場戰(zhàn)爭。nThere appears

5、to be a war between Chinese mainland and Taiwan. 動詞的非謂語形式動詞的非謂語形式n不定式 n作用：做主語，賓語，表語，定語，狀語 n主動 被動n一般式 to do to be donen完成式 to have done to have been donen進行式 to be doingn完成進行式 to have been doing 動名詞 n作用：做主語，表語，賓語 n 主動 被動n一般式 doing being donen完成式 having done having been done 分詞 n作用：做定語，表語，狀語，補語 n現在分詞：

6、表示主動或進行 n 主動 被動n 一般式 doing being donen完成式 having done having been donen過去分詞：表示被動和完成ndone 一主語的擴展： n動名詞做主語 n和他的女友一起生活了3年時間，對于他來說是一個難忘的回憶。nHaving lived together with his girlfriend for three months is an unforgettable memory for him. 不定式做主語 n要實現祖國的“四化”需要我們大家的共同努力。nTo realize the four modernization need

7、 our joint efforts.n要使裁判能在比賽中保持絕對中立是不可能的。nFor a judge to keep absolutely neutral in a game is out of the question.詞組或復合結構做主語 n早睡早起身體好。nEarly to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy .n每個人每天吃一個蘋果對身體很有好處。nA person eating one apple everyday is quite beneficial to health.賓語的擴展 n名詞化的形容詞或其他東西 n醫(yī)生們將重傷者

8、抬離戰(zhàn)場。nThe doctors carried the seriously wounded away from the war field. n動名詞 n我很喜歡和你一起工作。nI enjoyed working with you. n不定式nI want to see you again. 定語的擴展 n分詞做定語 n你知道來參加會議的外賓的數目嗎？nDo you know the number of the foreign guests coming to the meeting.n你知道圖書館訂購的書刊的數目嗎？nDo you know the number of the books

9、 ordered by the library. 不定式 他們的目的就是要找出一種辦法來滿足農民的需要。nTheir aim is to find a way to satisfy the peasants demand. 介詞短語 解決農業(yè)問題的根本辦法就在于機械化。 The fundamental way out for agriculture lies in mechanization.狀語的擴展 n不定式n我和高興認識你。nI am very pleased to have made your acquaintance. n和其他女人相比，她算是很幸運的了。nCompared with

10、 many women, she was indeed very fortune. 獨立主格結構 n規(guī)則：邏輯主語+現在分詞/過去分詞 n考慮到所有事情之后，計劃中的旅行不得不被取消了。nAll things considered, the planned trip will have to be cancelledn因為有如此多的醫(yī)生缺席，會議不得不被推遲。nSo many doctors being absent, the board meeting had to be put off.n因為天氣狀況很惡劣，所有航班都被取消了，他們不得不乘火車前往那里。nAll flights havin

11、g been delayed because of the terrible weather, they had to go there by train. 從句從句 n名詞性從句 n1. 連接詞that引導的名詞性從句 （if ，whether）n有一種看法認為我們可以好好利用這種平衡。n One idea is that we can make good use of the balance.n月球環(huán)繞地球轉動，這是我們大家都熟知的。n That the moon moves round the earth is well known to all of us.n到目前為止，我們還不能說他

12、的理論是否經得住考驗。 nUp to now we cant say whether his theory can stand the test.n 連接代詞引導的名詞性從句 who, whom., whose, which, whatn哪種辦法效率更高還是個問題。 nWhich way is more effective is still a question.n他們追求的是金錢。 nWhat they are after is money.n3. 連接副詞引導的名詞性從句 when, where, why, hown這正是我們公司成立的時候。 nThis was just when our

13、 company was being formed.n她問老師為什么她的這個問題的答案是錯的。 nShe asked the teacher why her answer to this question was wrong.n4. 同位語從句nThe doctors came to the conclusion that the patient was suffering from the cancer.nThey are faced with the problem whether they should continue the work.nI have no idea when he

14、will returnnThey heard the news on the radio yesterday that a typhoon was coming. 定語從句 n1，由關系代詞引導的定語從句 who, whom, which, whose, thatn救了我的那個男人拒絕告訴我他的名字nThe man who rescued me refused to give me his name.n他制造的噪音吵醒了每個人.nThe noise that he made woke everybody up.n2. 由關系副詞引導的定語從句 when, where, why, hown2003年是我兒子出生的那一年.n2003 is the year when my son was born.n這就是我成長的地方.nThis is the place where I grew up. n3帶介詞的定語從句n他就是那個家里的畫被偷了的男人.nHe is the man from whose house the pictures were stolen.n在1980年,他得了一場至今仍