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1、高中英語(yǔ)-狀語(yǔ)從句一、概念:狀語(yǔ)通常由副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞和從句等擔(dān)當(dāng)。 狀語(yǔ)從句主要用來修飾主句或主句的謂語(yǔ)。一般可分為九大類,狀語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)鍵是要掌握引導(dǎo)不同狀語(yǔ)從句的常用連接詞和特殊的連接詞。二、分類及使用1. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 (1) when .when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,其動(dòng)詞既可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞,也可以是瞬間性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞,可以表示主句的動(dòng)作和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,或從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句的動(dòng)作之前。 when you apply fo
2、r a job, you must present your credentials. when還可表示just then(正在那時(shí))的意思,此時(shí)所引導(dǎo)的從句放在主句之后。 we were about to start when it began to rain. (2) as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 as側(cè)重表示主句和從句的動(dòng)作并相發(fā)生,翻譯成一邊,一邊。 W
3、e were having breakfast as she was combing her hair.(3) while “在期間”,所引導(dǎo)的從句的動(dòng)作是延續(xù)性的,并表示和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。 (4) before引導(dǎo) before“在之前” Ill be back before you have left. before“之后才”
4、160;It may be many years before we meet again. (5) as soon as/once/directly/the instant等引導(dǎo) as soon as 是最常見的表示“一就”的從屬連詞,其他連詞還有immediately,instantly,the instant (that),the minute(that) ,the m
5、oment(that)等,它們通常都可與as soon as換用。 As soon as we got home, the telephone rang. I recognized her immediately I saw her. (6) hardly.when/no sooner.than引導(dǎo) 關(guān)聯(lián)從屬連詞hardly/barely/scarcely.when和no&
6、#160;sooner.than的意思是“剛就”,它們所引導(dǎo)的從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常為過去完成時(shí)。如: He had no sooner (no sooner had he)arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. (7) since引導(dǎo)在含有since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中,從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常為一般過去
7、時(shí),主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí): Weve never met since we graduated from the college. 大學(xué)畢業(yè)后我們就再?zèng)]見過面。 (8) till/until引導(dǎo) till和until同義,作“直到時(shí)(為止)”解。Donald will remain in college until(till) he finishes
8、 his Ph.D course. 2. 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句 (1) where引導(dǎo) “在(或到)的地方” Where there is a will, there is a way. (2) wherever引導(dǎo) wherever=no matter where,后者只能放句首。 Whereever (no matter where)
9、160;they went, the experts were warmly welcomed. 3. 原因狀語(yǔ)從句 (1) because引導(dǎo) 通常用于回答why引出的疑問句,從句一般位于主句后面。 I didnt go abroad with her because I couldnt afford it. (2) as引導(dǎo) 從句多位于主
10、句之前,通??梢院蛃ince換用。 As I didnt know the way,I asked a policeman. (3) since引導(dǎo) 從句多位于主句之前,可以和as換用。Since traveling by air is much faster,they decided to take a plane. (4) now(that)引導(dǎo)的原因
11、狀語(yǔ)從句 now(that)“既然”, Now(that) you have passed your test you can drive on your own. (5) seeing (that)引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句 Seeing (that)“鑒于;由于”,通常用于非正式文體。 Seeing (that) the weather is ba
12、d,well stay at home. 4. 目的狀語(yǔ)從句 (1) in order that引導(dǎo) “為了;以便”。多用于正式文體,可以與so that換用。They stopped at Hangzhou in order that they could go around West Lake. (2) so (that)引導(dǎo) “為
13、了;以便”。so that通??梢耘cin order that換用,它所引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句總是放在主句之后,在非正式文體中,常省略that。如: Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (3) in case/for fear (that)等引導(dǎo) in case,for fear(that)這倆個(gè)從屬連詞都表示否定目的,意思是“以免”,“以防”。in
14、160;case它所引導(dǎo)的從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以是陳述語(yǔ)氣形式,也可以是虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式;for fear(that)引導(dǎo)的從句中的謂語(yǔ)帶有may,might,should等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 Take your umbrella in case it rains. He took an umbrella with him for fear that it might rain. 5.
15、60;結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 (1) so that引導(dǎo) 從句只能位于主句之后,so that引導(dǎo)什么從句根據(jù)句意來判斷 Suddenly it began to rain heavily, so that it was almost impossible to carry on driving. (2) so.that引導(dǎo) “如此以致”,that可以省略,s
16、o后面接形容詞或副詞。 She spoke so fast that nobody could catch what she was saying. (3) such.that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的such.that的具體內(nèi)容是:such+a/an+形容詞+名詞+that從句。such+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞+that=so+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)名詞+that從句。 The professor
17、;told us such a funny story that all the students laughed =The professor told us so funny a story that all the students laughed. 6. 條件狀語(yǔ)從句 (1) if引導(dǎo) 譯成“如果”
18、;If I were a bird ,I would fly. (2) unless引導(dǎo)否定條件狀語(yǔ)從句,在意義上相當(dāng)于if.not,語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng),一般不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。Youll be late unless you hurry. (3) if only引導(dǎo) 意為“只要;如果”。Ill let you use the
19、60;car if only you keep it in good condition. (4) as/so long as引導(dǎo) 意為“只要;如果”。 As long as it doesnt rain, we can play. (5) provided (that)/providing
20、60;(that)引導(dǎo) 意為“如果;只要”。I will agree to go providing that my expense are paid. 7. 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 (1) although/though引導(dǎo) 都作“雖然;盡管”解,通??梢該Q用, Although they have been talking for a
21、long time, he cannot make her believe him. (2) even if/though引導(dǎo) “即使,縱然”,從句表示的是尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的情況。Even if I failed again, I will not give up the experiment. (4) while引導(dǎo) 意為“雖然,盡管”,
22、 While I understand your point of view,I do not share it. (5) whatever/no matter what引導(dǎo) 作“無論什么”解, Whatever/No matter what he says,dont go. (6) whichever/no
23、 matter which引導(dǎo) 作“無論哪個(gè)”解 Whichever/No matter which you buy, there is a six-month guarantee. (7) whoever/no matter who引導(dǎo) 作“無論誰(shuí)”解 You cant come in, whoever you are. (8)
24、160;however/no matter how引導(dǎo) 作“無論如何”解 However high it may be,it cant reach the sky. (9) whenever/no matter when引導(dǎo) 作“無論何時(shí)”解, Whenever Im unhappy,he cheers me up. (10)
25、160;as引導(dǎo) 作“雖然;盡管”和“即使”解,此時(shí)要用倒裝句Strong as you maybe, you cannot lift it. Late as it was, they continued to study. 8. 方式狀語(yǔ)從句 (1) as引導(dǎo) 意為“以方式;如同那樣”,從句有時(shí)是省略句。Air is to
26、man as water is to fish. (2) as if/as though引導(dǎo) 作“好像,仿佛”解。 從句往往用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,表示與事實(shí)相反。 They looked at me as if /as though I were mad. 9. 比較狀語(yǔ)從句 (1) as.as
27、160;引導(dǎo) 表示同級(jí)比較,主句中用形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)形式,從句常常為省略句。We were as fortunate as them (they were) (2) not so/as.as 引導(dǎo) 表示同級(jí)比較,意為“不如” Thats not so/as simple as it sounds. 基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練1. It is 3 years _ M
28、r. Wallace bought this watch and it will be 3 years _ he buys another one.2. After the war, a new school building was built _ there used to be a
29、theatre. 3. Guo Jingming had to stand on the table _ _ he could be seen by his fans. 4. His plan was _ a good one that we all agreed to acce
30、pt it.5. You will succeed in the end _ you give up half way.6. _ Tom comes from Canada, he knows Chinese manners very well.7. The teacher often joined students activ
31、ities _ _ she were a student like us.8. When in Rome, do _ the Romans do.狀語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)一、單選:( )1. 14安徽卷 The meaning of the word “nice” changed a few times _ it f
32、inally came to include the sense “pleasant”Abefore Bafter Csince Dwhile ( )214北京卷 _ the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year. AAs
33、 BWhen CEven though DIn case ( )3. 14湖南卷 You will never gain success_you are fully devoted to your work. A. when B. because C. after D. unless ( )4
34、14江蘇卷 Lessons can be learned to face the future, _ history cannot be changed. Athough Bas Csince Dunless ( )5. 14江西卷 It was the middle of the night _ m
35、y father woke me up and told me towatch the football game.A. that B. as C. which D. when ( )6. 14陜西卷 The young couple, who returned my los
36、t wallet, left _ I could ask for their names. A. while B. before C. after D. since ( )7. 14四川卷 I'll be out for some time. _ anything im
37、portant happens, call me up immediately. A. In case B. As if C. Even though D. Now that ( )8. 14天津卷 _ you start eating in a healthier way, weight
38、 control will become much easier. A. Unless B. Although C. Before D. Once ( )914浙江卷 Cathy had quit her job when her son was born _ she cou
39、ld stay home andraise her family.Anow that Bas if Conly if Dso that ( )10. 14重慶卷 Half an hour later, Lucy still couldn't get a taxi _ the bus
40、;had dropped her. A. until B. when C. although D. where( )11. 07 浙江卷Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _ they knew it to be valuable.
41、 A. as if B. now that C. even though D. so that ( )12. 15·浙江 _ a single word can c
42、hange the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph. A. Just as B. Even though C. Until
43、60; D. Unless ( )13. 15·安徽_ he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going. A. Where &
44、#160; B. As C. In case D. Now that ( )14. 08全國(guó)卷 Have you got any idea for the summer vacation? I dont mind where we get _ theres su
45、n, sea and beach. A. as if B. as long as C. now that D.
46、0;in order that 二、改錯(cuò):(1) In the last five years that theyve climbed churches, high buildings and television towers.(2) Charles said, “As soon I see a really tall bui
47、lding, I want to climb it. (3) However, there are still some countries there people have shorter lives. (4) In other places you are limited to a certain number, of that some may be novels. (5)And whether you
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