《國(guó)際商法導(dǎo)論》PPT課件

1、 Three Tasks Task one: what is International business law? Task two: what are the sources of International business law? Task three: what are the similarities and differences between the common law and the civil law? Definition International business law- refers to total norms and customary practice

2、s regulating International business transactions and all kinds of relationships between business organizations across national boundaries. 國(guó)際商法是調(diào)整國(guó)際商事交易（commercial transaction）與商事組織（business organization）各種關(guān)系的法律規(guī)范（legal norm）的總和。 1 the subjects of international commercial transactions international

3、business organizations across national boundaries /multinational corporations （跨國(guó)經(jīng)營(yíng)的涉（跨國(guó)經(jīng)營(yíng)的涉外企業(yè)，特別是跨國(guó)公司）外企業(yè)，特別是跨國(guó)公司） 2 the contents of international business law mainly about the international business transactions, as well as the relationships between multinational corporations. Traditional materia

4、l trade transaction law immaterial transactions of technology, capital ,service and so on. e.g. company law negotiable instrument law 票據(jù)法 maritime law 海事法 insurance law law of international technology transfer技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓法 industrial property law工業(yè)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)法 international investment law投資法 international financia

5、l law 銀行法 international tax law law of international dispute settlement仲裁法 3 the norms and customary practices in the international business law they are generally admitted and obeyed by the international world. source one National business law source two international business treaties and conventi

6、ons. source three international trade customs and usages source four international business cases Treaties are binding agreements between two or more states. 它主要是指涉及一些重大問題的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、法律等問題，是兩個(gè)或多個(gè)國(guó)家共同參與達(dá)成的具有長(zhǎng)期效力的協(xié)議，如邊界、領(lǐng)事、航運(yùn)條約等。 Conventions are the legally binding agreements between states sponsored by in

7、ternational organizations. 公約是指針對(duì)某一些重大問題，有國(guó)際組織發(fā)起的，多個(gè)國(guó)家參與國(guó)際會(huì)議二締結(jié)的多變條約，它的主要內(nèi)容多為造法性的。 e.g. GATT1947關(guān)稅與貿(mào)易總協(xié)定 CISG1980聯(lián)合國(guó)國(guó)際貨物買賣合同公約 Common law Civil law Similarities Differences Derived from English law dating back hundreds of years and are based on the principle of following long-established customs tha

8、t were written down in important court decisions, called Precedents. These prior court decisions that were written and handed down over time have themselves formed a set of laws that help guide the proper behaviors of people, businesses, and other institutions. Common law systems often have legislat

9、ures that pass laws as well; in the absence of a precedent or a clear legislative act, common law courts can create a new rule of law. England, the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and some other countries that were once part of the British Empire all have common law legal systems. bas

10、ed on the principle that the only official source of law of a nation is what is specifically written in a code of books called Statutes. Statutory law（成文法） in a civil law system can be very complex since the lawmakers in a nation based on that system situation. Civil law systems are less flexible an

11、d adoptable than common law systems. Courts in civil law systems still must interpret the statutes that are passed, but, generally, they may not depart from the statutes and develop their own laws. Civil law systems evolved from the legal system of ancient Rome. The best known example of civil law i

12、s the French Napoleonic Code, or Code Napoleon, which has developed in 1807 by Napoleon Bonaparte and which still exists today. Most European countries, such as French, Germany, Spain, Portugal and Italy have their legal systems based on civil law. Additionally, many American, African, and Asian cou

13、ntries that were once colonies of countries of continental European nations have civil law systems. Japan and South Africa have civil law systems. Parts of civil law systems can be found in the courts of countries whose people are predominantly Muslim. Common law and civil law systems are not comple

14、tely separate; however, many common law countries have aspects of civil law in their legal systems. Furthermore, many non-Western countries have legal systems that are very different from traditional common law and civil law nations. (1) sourceCommon law based on court decisions or precedent Civil l

15、aw based on code, statutes, and prescribed texts（制定教科書）。 (2) the ways spreading around the worldCommon law a direct political linkage to England. Civil law the connection with other civil law countries is more tenuous. (3)Civil law is the easier of the two legal traditions to be received . (3)Common

16、 law is a matrix of case law and statutes; it sues the jury system and the doctrine of supremacy to limit the actions of the government; and it encompasses a complex terminology. 憲法（母法） 大法（ 子法） 國(guó)國(guó)際際法法經(jīng)經(jīng)濟(jì)濟(jì)法法行行政政訴訴訟訟法法行行政政法法刑刑事事訴訴訟訟法法刑刑法法民民事事訴訴訟訟法法民民法法商商法法 國(guó)際法國(guó)際法國(guó)際公法國(guó)際公法國(guó)際私法國(guó)際私法國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)法國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)法 共同點(diǎn)共同點(diǎn)均為調(diào)整國(guó)際

17、商事或經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系的法律規(guī)范的總稱均為調(diào)整國(guó)際商事或經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系的法律規(guī)范的總稱 區(qū)區(qū) 別：別： 國(guó)際商法國(guó)際商法 國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)法國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)法1）概念上）概念上僅僅是調(diào)整僅僅是調(diào)整更廣泛：不同國(guó)家間的自然人、法人更廣泛：不同國(guó)家間的自然人、法人及其他經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)體之間，國(guó)家與國(guó)際組及其他經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)體之間，國(guó)家與國(guó)際組織間織間2）淵源上）淵源上國(guó)際條約和國(guó)際國(guó)際條約和國(guó)際貿(mào)易慣例貿(mào)易慣例國(guó)際立法（包括國(guó)際條約和國(guó)際貿(mào)易國(guó)際立法（包括國(guó)際條約和國(guó)際貿(mào)易慣例）；重要國(guó)際組織的決議。慣例）；重要國(guó)際組織的決議。3）包含的內(nèi)容）包含的內(nèi)容上上更廣泛：國(guó)際貿(mào)易法（幾乎包括國(guó)際更廣泛：國(guó)際貿(mào)易法（幾乎包括國(guó)際商法的大部分內(nèi)容）；國(guó)

18、際投資法；商法的大部分內(nèi)容）；國(guó)際投資法；國(guó)際貨幣金融法；國(guó)際稅法；國(guó)際經(jīng)國(guó)際貨幣金融法；國(guó)際稅法；國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端解決法律制度等濟(jì)貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端解決法律制度等 1）Continental Law System 以德國(guó)和法國(guó)為代表的大陸法系（羅馬法系、民法法系）。-強(qiáng)調(diào)成文法（written law）的作用，主張編纂法典（code），強(qiáng)調(diào)系統(tǒng)化、條理化、法典化和邏輯化。 2）Common Law System 以英國(guó)和美國(guó)為代表的普通法系(普通法、判例法）。-來源于習(xí)慣法，表現(xiàn)在法官的判決中，以判例形式出現(xiàn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)程序。民法法系（大陸法系）民法法系（大陸法系）普通法系（英美法系、普通法系（英美法系、判例法系）判例法系）1）地域）地域法、德、葡、荷等大部分西歐法、德、葡、荷等大部分西歐國(guó)家及亞洲日、土、中臺(tái)國(guó)家及亞洲日、土、中臺(tái)美、英及曾經(jīng)的英殖民美、英及曾經(jīng)的英殖民地（加、澳、新、愛、地（加、澳、新、愛、印、印、Hk)2)起源起源以古羅馬法為傳統(tǒng)以古羅馬法為傳統(tǒng)以英國(guó)中世紀(jì)的法律為以英國(guó)中世紀(jì)的法律為傳統(tǒng)傳統(tǒng)3）相同點(diǎn)）相同點(diǎn)經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)、階級(jí)本質(zhì)相同，重視法治經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)、階級(jí)本質(zhì)相同，重視法治4)