（精心整理）初中英語動詞時態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)講義

1、初中英語動詞時態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)講義一般現(xiàn)在時1、動詞的第三人稱詞尾變化：當主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，謂語動詞需加-s或-es：規(guī)則動詞原形第三人稱單數(shù)形式一般在詞尾加-s，(清輔音后讀s，在濁輔音后讀z；在t后讀ts,在d后讀dz。)playleaveswimplaysleavesswims以字母s,x,ch,sh,o結(jié)尾的詞加-es，讀iz,如果動詞原形詞尾已有e,則只加-s。passfixteachwishdopassesfixesteacheswishesdoes以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞，先變y為i, 再加-es,讀z。studycarryflystudiescarriesflies注意：動詞have的

2、第三人稱單數(shù)是has。寫出下列動詞的單數(shù)第三人稱形式。1. cook _2.watch_3.build_4.have_5.wash_6. enjoy _7. go _8 receive _9 cry_10. close _11. drive _12. choose _13. play _14. reach _15.fix _2、 一般現(xiàn)在時的用法1）表示經(jīng)常的或習(xí)慣性的動作，常與表示頻度的副詞連用。常用的頻度副詞有： always、often、 usually、seldom、never、sometimes、every week (day, year, month), once a week,

3、on Sundays、in spring等。頻度副詞在句中通常放在行為動詞之前，系動詞、助動詞之后。例如: He often goes swimming in summer.他夏天經(jīng)常游泳。I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七點離開家。2）表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。例如：My father is at work.He is very busy. 我父親在工作，他很忙。 The boy is twelve. 這男孩十二歲。3）表示主語具備的性格、特征和能力等。例如：All my family love football .我全

4、家人都喜歡足球。My sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹總是樂于助人。Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英語寫得不錯，講的可不行。4)表示客觀真理，客觀存在，自然現(xiàn)象。例如：The earth moves around the sun. 地球繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)動。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中國東部。5）表示按計劃或安排好的，或?qū)⒁l(fā)生的動作，可用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。但只限于start、begin、leave、go、come、arriv

5、e、return、take place等。例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火車明天上午六點開。 He comes back tonight. 他今晚回來。6）在復(fù)合句中，當主句是一般將來時，時間或條件狀語從句的謂語動詞只能用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示將來要發(fā)生的動作。例如： I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回來時，我將告訴他這個消息。If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 如果你接受這份工作，

6、他們將和你談?wù)劶毠?jié)。 鞏固練習(xí)：一、單項選擇題1.Jenny! Do you know that one-third of the boys in our class_ the singer Zhang Shaohan? A. like B. likes C. liking2. The sense of happiness will increase if you _ what you like to do. A. do B. did C. will do 3. Betty will ring me up when she _ in Beijing. A. arrive B. arrives

7、C. arrived D. will arrive4. If you _ your homework, you can go out to play football. A. finish B. will finish C. are finishing5.Now my father _ his bike to work every day instead of driving. A. ride B. rode C. rides D. will ride6. This girl is ready to help people any time. When she is on the bus, s

8、he always her seat to someone in need. A. gives B. give C. gave D. giving 7. When will he leave for Shanghai? As soon as he _ his work. A. finished B. will finish C. is finishing D. finishes8.Although Bill isnt rich enough, he often _ money to the poor. A. will giveB. was givingC. givesD. gave9. -Ca

9、n your father drive? -Yes, and he to work every day. A. is driving B. drove C. drives D. has driven10. John likes playing soccer very much and he _ about one hour playing it every day.A. spent B. will spend C. has spent D. spends  二、用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當形式填空。1. We often_ (play) in the playground.2. He

10、 _ (get) up at six oclock.3._you_ (brush) your teeth every morning.4. What_ (do) he usually_ (do) after school?5. Danny_ (study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.6. Mike sometimes _ (go) to the park with his sister.7. At eight at night, she often_ (watch) TV with his parents.8. _ M

11、ike_ (read) English every day?9. How many lessons _ your classmate_ (have) on Monday?10. What time _ his mother_(do) the housework?三、單項選擇。（本大題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分）( ) 1. I _to school at 7:00 in the morning.A. go B. going C. goes D. went( ) 2. They _books every day in the library.A. reads B. read C. read

12、ing D. reader( ) 3. The monkey_ eating bananas very much.A. like B. likes C. liking D. liked( ) 4. My father _to read newspaper after supper every day.A. like B. likes C. liking D. liked( ) 5. I like watching TV, but my mother _like it.A. dont B. doesnt C. does D. did( ) 6. _ your father drink milk

13、every day?A. do B. are C. does D. did( ) 7. We will go shopping if it_ tomorrow.A. don't rain B. didn't rain C. doesn't rain D. isn't rain ( ) 8. He said the sun _in the east and _in the west.A. rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets( ) 9.Wang Mei _ music and often _ to mu

14、sic.A like; listen B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking; listen( ) 10. Jenny_ English every evening.A has study B studies C study D studied一般過去時一、動詞過去式的規(guī)則變化：構(gòu)成規(guī)則動詞原形動詞過去式一般在動詞原形末尾加-ed，(在清輔音后讀t；在濁輔音和元音后讀d；在t,d后讀id。lookplayworklookedplayedworked結(jié)尾是e的動詞在末尾加-dlikelivehopelikedlivedhoped末尾只有一個

15、輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-edplanstopdropplannedstoppeddropped結(jié)尾是“輔音字母y”的動詞，先變“y”為“I”再加-edstudyworrycrystudiesworriescries寫出下列動詞的過去式形式。1. put _2. drink _ 3. cry _ 4. pull _ 5. ride _6.begin _7. sit _ 8. run _9. take _10.sweep _11. stop _12. solve _ 13. rob _14. wait _15. lie _16. turn _ 17. explore _18

16、. drop _ 19. clean _ 20. produce _21.get _ 22.laugh_ 23.pay_ 24.die_ 25.prefer _二. 一般過去時的用法 1）表示過去某個時間所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。常和表示過去的時間狀語just now, in 1982，ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time等連用。在一般過去式中，要表達“過多少時間之后”，一

17、般用after。幾年后。例如：Where did you go just now? 剛才你上哪兒去了？ After a few years,she started to play the piano.幾年后，她開始彈鋼琴。2）表示在過去，經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作。常與often,always等表示頻度的副詞連用。例如：When I was a child, I often played football in/on the street. 我是個孩子的時候，常在馬路上踢足球。 3）一般過去式也可與today,this week,this month,this year等表現(xiàn)在的時間狀語連

18、用，但這些時間狀語須指過去的時間，決不包含“現(xiàn)在”“此時此刻”的意思。 例如：Did you see him today?今天你看見他了嗎？鞏固練習(xí)：一、單項選擇（1）1. When _ you _ your old friend? The day before yesterday.A. will, visitB. did, visitC. have, visitedD. are, visit2. Excuse me, please look at the sign “No smoking”. Sorry, I _. A. dont notice it B. am not noticedC.

19、didnt notice it D. wasnt noticed3. Everyone except Bill and Jim _ there when the meeting began. A. wasB. isC. areD. were4. I _ in this small mountain village when I was a child. A. use to liveB. used to living C. used to liveD. used to life 5. How was your weekend? Great! We _ a picnic by the lake.A

20、. haveB. are havingC. hadD. will have6. Havent I told you I like coffee without sugar? Sorry, but I only _ a little.A. am puttingB. putC. will put D. was putting 7. The bus _ suddenly when a group of students ran onto the road.A. stopsB. stoppedC. has stoppedD. is stopping8. My uncle used _ a very g

21、ood football player, but this was a long time ago.A. to beingB. beingC. beD. to be9. Oh, this is really a big shop. Do you know when it _? A. builtB. was builtC. has builtD. has been built10. When _ you _ the bike? Last month.A. have, bought B. had, boughtC. do, buyD. did, buy11. May I _ your dictio

22、nary? Sorry, I _ it at home. A. borrow, forgotB. borrow, left C. lend, forgot D. lend, left12. What do you think _ her _? A. make, sadB. makes, sadlyC. made, sad D. made, sadly13. What did you do on May Day? I went shopping with my family. There _ so many people in the street.A. wasB. areC. wereD. i

23、s14. Have you mended your shoes, Bob? Yes, I _ them twenty minutes ago.A. have mended B. mend C. had mended D. mended15. Im sorry you have missed the bus. It _ five minutes ago. What a pity! A. was leavingB. has left C. leftD. leaves16. She _ the TV play yesterday.A. watchesB. watchedC. has watchedD

24、. will watch17. He _ the film yesterday.A. seesB. sawC. has seenD. will see18. When _ your brother _ back? About half an hour ago.A. did, come B. had, come C. do, come D. have, come 19. Inventors have changed the way we live. So they are famous for the great things they _.A. doB. didC. are doingD. h

25、ad done20. Grandma _ us stories when we were very young.A. used to tellB. is used to tell C. was used to tellD. used to telling二、單項選擇（2）( )1. The mother asked the boy _ down the ladder, but he went on _ instead.A. come; climbingB. to come; to climb C. to come; climbingD. coming; climbing( )2. The te

26、acher asked the students to close the windows _ the wind from _ the papers away.A. to stop; blowingB. stopping; blowingC. to stop; blowD. stopped; blow( )3. The sick man stayed in bed, _ very terrible.A. felt B. feeling C. is feeling D. was feeling( )4. Yesterday I heard a story _ by my friend.A. to

27、ld B. telling C. to tell D. tell( )5. The boy was made _ there for an hour by his father.A. standing B. stand C. to stand D. stands( )6. I saw him _ into the small store.A. went B. going C. to go D. has gone( )7. He raised his voice to make everybody in the room _ him clearly.A. hear B. to hear C. h

28、earing D. heard( )8. Our geography teacher told us yesterday that the earth _ around the sun.A. was moving B. moved C. has moved D. moves( )9. Oh, its you. Im sorry I _ know you _ here.A. dont; are B. didnt; are C. didnt; were D. dont; were( )10. Mr LuXun died in 1936. He _ a lot of famous novels.A.

29、 wrote B. was writing C. has written D. would write( )11. - How was your weekend on the farm?- Great! We _ with the farmers.A. enjoy ourselves B. went fishing C. will work D. make friends( )12. - What did Mr Jones do before he moved here?- He _ a city bus for over twenty-five years.A. is driving B.

30、drove C. has driven D. drives( )13. Jane _ a new dress every month when she was in Shanghai.A. buys B. is buying C. bought D. will buy( )14. - Liu Mei cant come tonight.- Why? But she _ me she would come.A. tells B. told C. is told D. had told( )15. He turned off the light and then _.A. leaves B. ha

31、s left C. will leave D. left一般將來時 一、一般將來時的構(gòu)成：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do在口語中，will在名詞或代詞后?？s為ll，will not常簡縮為wont。在疑問句中，主語為第一人稱時（I和we）時，常用助動詞shall。例如：Shell go to play basketball. 她要去打籃球。 Shall we go to the zoo? 我們要去動物園嗎？二、一般將來時的用法1、表示將來某個時間要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與tomorrow, next year等連用。例如：I'

32、;ll meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning.2、表示將來經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作。例如：Ill come and see you every Saturday next year.明年我將每個星期六來看你。3、表示說話人對于將來的看法、假設(shè)和推測，通常用be afraid,be/feel sure,hope,know,think等后面的從句或與副詞perhaps,possibly,maybe等連用。例如：I think shell go back home for supper. 我想她會回家吃飯。 Maybe shell go to the

33、gym.也許她會去體育館。三、be going to +不定式，表示將來。1、表示主語進行某一行動的打算意圖。這種打算常經(jīng)過預(yù)先考慮并含有自己做好某些準備的意思。即計劃，安排要發(fā)生的事。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？The play is going to be produced next month。這出戲下月開播。2、表示說話人確信如此或有某種跡象表明某事即將發(fā)生。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那烏云，快要下雨了。3、注意：be going

34、 to 和will之間的區(qū)別。兩者都用于預(yù)測時，be going to意指有跡象表明某件事將要發(fā)生，屬客觀的推測；will則意指說話人認為/相信某件事將要發(fā)生，屬主觀的推測。兩者在時間的發(fā)生上，be going to通常表示馬上要發(fā)生或相當快就要發(fā)生的事情；而will不指明任何具體時間，可以指遙遠的未來。例如：He is gong in to be better. 他的病就要好起來了。 He will be better. 他的病會好起來了。兩者都表示意圖時，be going to含有預(yù)先計劃、準備的意思；will則指未經(jīng)過預(yù)先思考或計劃，是臨時的一種決定。在條件狀語從句中，be going

35、to表將來,will表意愿。例如：If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible. 如果你將要去旅行，最好盡快做好準備。 Miss Gao will tell you the answer if you ask her. 如果你去問高老師，她會告訴你答案。四、主將從現(xiàn).概念簡單來講，“主將從現(xiàn)”是指在復(fù)合句中, 如果主句是一般將來時, 從句是由when , as soon as,not .until,before,after. 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句或由if=as l

36、ong as ,unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句;從句中表示將來的動作要用一般現(xiàn)在時來代替，這就是我們常說的"主將從現(xiàn)"時態(tài)對應(yīng)原則。II分類講解：1、條件狀語從句時態(tài)呼應(yīng)為主將從現(xiàn)。例：He will go to the park if it doesnt rain tomorrow.2、時間狀語從句的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)為主將從現(xiàn) 例：She will call you as soon as she gets to the airport.III把握考點： 考點一：if 引導(dǎo)賓語從句和條件從句l.If 有兩個意思，當“是否”講時，引導(dǎo)賓語從句，從句的事態(tài)由事實決定；e.g. We d

37、ont know if it will rain tomorrow.2.當“如果、假如”講時，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，此時要使用"主將從現(xiàn)"原則。e.g. If it is fine tomorrow, we shall visit the Great Wall.考點二：when 引導(dǎo)賓語從句和時間狀語從句l.當when 引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，表示“何時”，時態(tài)由事實決定。e.g. I dont know when he will come.2.當when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時表示“當?shù)臅r候”，要使用“主將從現(xiàn)”原則。e.g. When he comes, I will call you.

38、鞏固練習(xí)：1. Mrs. Brown is going to buy a digital camera. （對劃線部分提問）_2.My boss is going to fly to London on business the day after tomorrow. （用often改寫句子）_3.Sam will visit Brazil next week. （變成一般疑問句并否定回答）_4. 他們今晚要去看足球賽。_5.金一家人什么時候去長城啊？_一、單項選擇題( )1. Her hope _ the 2008 Olympic Games.A. to take part in B. is

39、 to take part in C. taking part in D. will take part in( )2. - Can I go to Beijing for my holiday, Dad? - You can when you _ a bit older.A. will get B. get C. are getting D. got( )3. If he _harder, he will catch up with us soon. A. study B. studies C. will study D. studied( )4. - Dont forget to ask

40、him to write to me. - I wont. As soon as he _, Ill ask him to write to you.A. will come B. came C. comes D. is coming( )5. - Jimmy is leaving for a holiday.- Really? Where _ he _?A. has; gone B. will; go C. did; go D. would; go( )6. Frank _ to see his grandma if he _ free tomorrow.A. will come; will

41、 be B. comes; isC. will come; is D. comes; will be( )7. There _ a talk on science in our school next Monday.A. will give B. will be C. is going to give D. is ( )8. - Shall we go shopping now?- Sorry, I cant. I _ my shirts.A. wash B. washes C. washed D. am washing( )9. I believe that those mountains

42、_ with trees in a few years time.A. are covered B. will be covered C. are covering D. will cover( )10. It is said that about 400 cars _ in the factory next month.A. were produced B. will produce C. are produced D. will be produced( )11. - Are you free this afternoon?- No. Ill have an English composi

43、tion _ this afternoon.A. to write B. wrote C. to be writing D. to be written( )12. - Come back home every month. - I _.A. will B. must C. should D. can( )13. A robot _ think of itself; it _ be told what to do.A. cant; must B. couldnt; can C. may not; will D. mustnt, may( ) 1. There _ a meeting tomor

44、row afternoon.A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be( ) 2. Charlie _ here next month.A. isn't working B. doesn't working C. isn't going to working D. won't work( ) 3. He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week.A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be

45、; will be D. is; will be( ) 4. There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be( ) 5. -_ you _ free tomorrow? - No. I _ free the day after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; willC. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to b

46、e; will be( ) 6. Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday.A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give( ) 7. - Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? -_. （不，不要。）A. No, you won't. B. No, you aren't. C. No, please don't. D. No, please.( ) 8. - Where is the morning paper? - I _ if for you a

47、t once.A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get( ) 9. _ a concert next Saturday?A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are( ) 10. If they come, we _ a meeting.A. have B. will have C. had D. would have( ) 11. He _ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to giving( ) 12. He _ to us as soon as he gets there.A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote( ) 13.