小升初綜合素質(zhì)測(cè)評(píng)英語知識(shí)考點(diǎn)大匯總

1、-現(xiàn)在進(jìn)展時(shí)：表示：正在發(fā)生的事情或進(jìn)展的動(dòng)作，常與now,listen,look等詞連用。構(gòu)造：主語+be動(dòng)詞(am, is, are)+動(dòng)詞ing.例如：It is raining now.外面正在下雨It is si* oclock now.現(xiàn)在6點(diǎn)了My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.我父母正在客廳看報(bào)紙Look! The children are having a running race now.看！孩子們正在賽跑問句將be動(dòng)詞移前，否認(rèn)句在be動(dòng)詞后+not.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：表示：經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的事情或動(dòng)作，常與o

2、ften, usually, sometimes, always, every day(week year) on Sundays等詞連用。構(gòu)造：主語+動(dòng)詞原形；當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)即he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy等詞時(shí)，動(dòng)詞后加s或es.例如：We have an English lesson every day.我們每天都要上英語課Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do.男孩比女孩跑的快嗎.是的問句借助于do, does否認(rèn)句借助于dont, doesnt，后面動(dòng)詞一定要復(fù)原。一般過去時(shí)

3、：表示：發(fā)生在過去的事情或存在的狀態(tài)，常與just now; a moment ago; ago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning等詞連用。構(gòu)造：主語+be動(dòng)詞的過去式was; were或主語+動(dòng)詞的過去式。注意：be動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞過去式不可同時(shí)使用。例如：My earphones were on the ground just now.我的耳機(jī)剛剛還在呢。Where were you last week? I was at a camp.你上個(gè)星期去哪了.我去野營(yíng)了What did you d

4、o yesterday? I visited a farm。你昨天去干嘛了.我去參觀農(nóng)場(chǎng)了。問句有be動(dòng)詞將be動(dòng)詞移前，沒有be動(dòng)詞借助于did，后面動(dòng)詞復(fù)原；否認(rèn)句有be動(dòng)詞在后面加not，沒有借助于didn't后面動(dòng)詞復(fù)原。一般將來時(shí)：表示：將要打算發(fā)生的事情或動(dòng)作，常與tomorrow, ne*t week(year; Tuesday), this week( weekend ;evening; afternoon;)today等詞連用。構(gòu)造：主語+be(am, is, are) going to + 動(dòng)原或主語+will +動(dòng)原。例如：What are you going t

5、o do tomorrow? I am going to have a piic.你明天要去干嘛.我要去野餐。The childre are going to have a sports meeting ne*t week.孩子們下個(gè)星期將參加運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.Tom今晚將和父母去看演出。問句將be動(dòng)詞或will移前；否認(rèn)句在be動(dòng)詞或will后加not.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：can; cant; should; shouldnt; must; may后一定加動(dòng)詞原形。例如：The girl c

6、ant swim, but he can skate.女孩不會(huì)游泳，但是會(huì)滑冰Dont talk in class, you should listen to the teacher carefully.不要再課上說話，你應(yīng)該認(rèn)真聽教師講。祈使句：肯定祈使句以動(dòng)詞原形開頭；否認(rèn)祈使句以dont加動(dòng)詞原形開頭。例如：Open the bo* for me ,please.請(qǐng)為我翻開盒子。Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tomorrow.濤，明天請(qǐng)?jiān)琰c(diǎn)起床！Dont walk on the grass!不要在草地上走！Helen! Dont climb the tre

7、e,please.海倫！不要爬樹。go的用法：去干嘛用go +動(dòng)詞ing例如：go swimming; go fishing;go skating;go camping;go running;go skiing;go rowing比較：than 前用比較級(jí)；asas之間用原級(jí)。例如：My mother is two years younger than my father.我媽比我爸年輕兩歲。Liu Tao jumps as far as Ben.濤跳得和本一樣遠(yuǎn)。喜歡做*事：用like +動(dòng)詞ing或like+ to + 動(dòng)原。例如：Su Yang likes growing flowers

8、.陽喜歡種花。The children like to play with lanterns at Spring Festival.孩子們喜歡在春節(jié)去玩花燈。想要做*事：用 would like +to+動(dòng)原或want + to +動(dòng)原。例如：Id like to visit the History Museum.=I want to visit the History Museum。some：用于肯定句中，在否認(rèn)句和問句中改為any,但當(dāng)表示委婉語氣時(shí)仍用例如：Can I have some writing paper? Would you like some orange juice?代詞

9、：人稱代詞主格做主語用一般放在句首或動(dòng)詞前，主格分別是 I you he she it we you they。賓格做賓語用，一般放在動(dòng)詞或介詞后。例如：Open them for me. Let us , join me等。賓格分別是me you him her it us you them。形容詞性物主代詞放在名詞前，不能單獨(dú)使用，分別是my your his her its our your their名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于形物加名詞，它只能單獨(dú)使用后面不好加名詞，分別是mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs。介詞：介詞后要么不加動(dòng)詞，加動(dòng)詞只能

10、加動(dòng)詞ing形式例如：be good at running;do well in jumping;時(shí)間介詞：季節(jié)前，月份前用介詞in例如：in summer；in March具體的哪一天如星期幾，幾月幾日用介詞onon Saturday; on the second of April; on Wednesday morning在幾點(diǎn)鐘前用介詞atat a quarter to four;只在上下午晚上用inin the morning/ afternoon/ evening;但在夜間用at night。另：季節(jié)，月份和星期前不好加the.名詞復(fù)數(shù)構(gòu)成的方法：有規(guī)則的有：(1)直接在名詞后加s例

11、如：orangeoranges; photophotos;(2) 以*, s, sh, ch 結(jié)尾的加es例如：bo*bo*es; glassglasses;waitresswaitresses;watchwatches;peach-peaches(3) 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的改y為i加es例如：studystudies；librarylibraries; hobbyhobbies; familyfamilies;(4)以f, fe結(jié)尾的改f, fe 為ves例如：knifeknives; thiefthieves注:以o結(jié)尾的我們學(xué)過的只有mango加es, mangomangoes其余加s,

12、不規(guī)則的有：manmen; womanwomen; peoplepeople; childchildren動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的構(gòu)成：(1)直接在動(dòng)詞后加s例如：runruns; dancedances(2)以s,sh,ch,o結(jié)尾的加es例如：dodoes;gogoes;washwashes;catchcatches(3)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的改y為i加es例如：studystudies; carrycarries;現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成：(1)直接在動(dòng)詞后加ing例如：singsinging; skiskiing;(2)雙寫詞尾加ing例如：swimswimming; jogjogging;runrun

13、ning;(3)以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的去e加ing例如：rideriding; dancedancing; makemaking;規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式的構(gòu)成：有規(guī)則的有：(1)直接在動(dòng)詞后加ed例如：cleancleaned; milkmilked;playplayed;(2)以e結(jié)尾的直接加d例如：dancedanced; tastetasted;(3) 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的改y為i加ed例如：studystudied;carrycarried;(4)雙寫詞尾加ed例如：stopstopped; jogjogged;不規(guī)則的有：am,iswas; arewere; do,doesdid; have,h

14、ashad; gowent; meetmet; sitsat; seesaw; getgot; telltold; runran; ecame; stealstole; readread;形容詞副詞比較級(jí)的構(gòu)成：規(guī)則的有：(1)直接在形容詞或副詞后加er例如：smallsmaller; lowlower;(2)以e結(jié)尾的加r例如：latelarer;(3)雙寫詞尾加er例如：bigbigger; thinthinner; fatfatter;(4) 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的改y為i加er例如：heavyheavier; earlyearlier;不規(guī)則的有：good, wellbetter(最高級(jí)

15、為best);many, much- more(最高級(jí)為most);far-farther;rain與snow的用法：(1)作為名詞意思是雨水和雪是不可數(shù)名詞例如：There is a lot of rain there in spring. 那兒的春天有很多雨水。(2) 作為動(dòng)詞意思是下雨和下雪，有四種形式分別是：動(dòng)詞原形rain， snow；第三人稱單數(shù)rains ，snows；現(xiàn)在分詞raining； snowing過去式rained； snowed;例如：Look! It is raining now.瞧！天正在下雨。It often rains in Nantong in summe

16、r.夏天經(jīng)常下雨。 It rained yesterday.昨天下了雨。It is going to rain tomorrow. 明天要下雨。(3)形容詞為rainy 和snowy 意思是有雨的和有雪的例如：It is often rainy here in spring.這兒的春天經(jīng)常是有雨的。If it is rainy tomorrow, Ill stay at home.如果明天是有雨的，我將呆在家里。比較級(jí)：注意只有同類事物才可進(jìn)展比較。例如：My eyes are bigger than hers.Your school bag is heavier than mine.My p

17、uter is nicer than Nancys. My brother is stronger than me.have, has：表示*人有(has用于第三人稱單數(shù))；There is/ are;There was/ were 表示*地存在有注意There be 句型的就近原則單數(shù)或不可數(shù)用there is /was;復(fù)數(shù)用there are/ were.本身就是復(fù)數(shù)的詞：眼鏡glasses; 耳機(jī)earphones; 鞋shoes;褲子trousers等詞本身是復(fù)數(shù)。例如：My glasses were on the chair just now.但如果表示這雙，這副，一雙的時(shí)候用單數(shù)

18、例如：There is a pair of chopsticks on the plate. This pair of earphones is for you.五個(gè)元音字母：Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu;25一個(gè)的用法：a用于輔音前不是輔音字母前；an 用于元音前不是元音字母前。例如：There is an s, a t, a u, a d ,an e, an n,and a t in the word student.時(shí)間表示法：1直接讀時(shí)鐘和分鐘例如：6:10讀成 si* ten; 7:30讀成seven thirty; 8:45讀成eight forty-five;2用to與p

19、ast表示在半小時(shí)包括半小時(shí)以用幾分past幾點(diǎn)例如：6：10讀成ten past si*; 7:30讀成half past seven;過了半小時(shí)用下一個(gè)鐘點(diǎn)差幾分例如：7：45讀成a quarter to eight; 9:50讀成ten to ten;基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞的方法：基變序有規(guī)律，結(jié)尾加上th; 一二三特殊例，結(jié)尾字母t、d(即first, second, third);八去t， 九去e， ve要用f替即eigheighth; nineninth; five- fifth ;twelvetwelfth；ty改y為ie后加th別忘記(即整十?dāng)?shù)如twentytwentieth；fort

20、yfortieth);幾十幾十位為基個(gè)位為序如第二十一為twenty-first。另外強(qiáng)調(diào)序數(shù)詞前一定要加the。日期的表示法：用the+序數(shù)詞+ of +月例如：三月三日 the third of March;12月25日 the 25th of December.both 表示兩者都：例如：My parents are both teachers.all表示三者以上都例如：The students are all very e*cited.節(jié)日的表示法：有day的節(jié)日前用on.沒有day的節(jié)日前用at,例如：at Christmas; on Christmas Day; at New Ye

21、ar; on New Years Day.沖動(dòng)興奮的：e*cited表示沖動(dòng)的，興奮地主語是人；e*citing表示令人沖動(dòng)的，令人興奮的主語是事情例如：The running race is very e*citing, so all the students are very e*cited.賽跑非常令人沖動(dòng)，因此所有的學(xué)生都很沖動(dòng)。比較：兩者比較用比較級(jí)，三者以上比較用最高級(jí)例如：Who runs faster, the boy or the girl? The boy does誰跑得更快，男孩還是女孩.男孩。Which season do you like best? I like autumn best.你最喜歡哪個(gè)季節(jié).我最喜歡秋天。Which season do you