高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)語法專題狀語從句課件

1、 Revision ofthe Adverbial Clauses狀語從句復(fù)習(xí)狀語從句復(fù)習(xí)九種常用的狀語從句九種常用的狀語從句 時(shí)間狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句原因狀語從句條件狀語從句目的狀語從句比較狀語從句 結(jié)果狀語從句方式狀語從句讓步狀語從句狀語從句有九種，狀語從句有九種， 時(shí)地原因條狀補(bǔ)，時(shí)地原因條狀補(bǔ)，目比結(jié)果方讓步，目比結(jié)果方讓步，連詞引導(dǎo)各不同；連詞引導(dǎo)各不同；主句通常前面走，主句通常前面走， 連詞引導(dǎo)緊隨后，連詞引導(dǎo)緊隨后，從句若在主前頭，從句若在主前頭， 主從之間有個(gè)逗。主從之間有個(gè)逗。九種常用的狀語從句及其常用的連接詞九種常用的狀語從句及其常用的連接詞 時(shí)間狀語從句 when, wh

2、ile, as, before, after, till, until, notuntil, as soon as, the moment, the minute, the instant, the second , immediately, directly, instantly, hardly/ rarelywhen, scarcelywhen, no soonerthan ,the first/second/last time, by the time, every/ each time ,where, wherever because, since, as, now that, see

3、ing that, considering that if, only if, once, unless, now (that), as / so long as, in case, on condition that, suppose/supposing, provided/providing although, though, as（盡管）, while, even though/if, no matter which/what/when/where/who/how, whichever, wherever, whatever, whoever, whenever, however, wh

4、etheror； 地點(diǎn)狀語從句原因狀語從句條件狀語從句讓步狀語從句九種常用的狀語從句及其常用的連接詞九種常用的狀語從句及其常用的連接詞 結(jié)果狀語從句 so that, sothat, suchthat so that, in case, for fear that, lest (因恐),In order thathow, as（按照）, as if/as though than, asas, not so/asas, the +比較級, the +比較級 目的狀語從句方式狀語從句比較狀語從句1.While I was wondering at this, our schoolmaster to

5、ok his place. ( )2. Where there is a will, there is a way. ( )3. Now that/Since everybody is here, lets begin our meeting. （ ）4. Ill speak slowly so that you can understand me. ( )5. So clever was he a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems. ( )6. As long as you dont lose he

6、art, youll succeed. ( )7. Try as he might, he could not find a job. ( )8. The old lady treats the boy as if he were his own son. ( ) 時(shí)間時(shí)間地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)原因原因目的目的結(jié)果結(jié)果條件條件讓步讓步方式方式1、各種從屬連詞的含義及用法、各種從屬連詞的含義及用法 比較；比較；2、no matter wh- 與與 wh-ever 引引 導(dǎo)的從句的區(qū)別；導(dǎo)的從句的區(qū)別；3、狀語從句的時(shí)態(tài)問題；、狀語從句的時(shí)態(tài)問題；4、狀語從句倒裝及緊縮問題；、狀語從句倒裝及緊縮問題；5、狀語從

7、句與其它從句的區(qū)別。、狀語從句與其它從句的區(qū)別?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)難難點(diǎn)點(diǎn)1. 時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)間狀語從句問題問題1:1. (04北京春) We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started. A. when B. while C. until D. before2. (02上海) He was about to tell me the secret _ someone patted him on the shoulder. A. as B. until C. whileD. when3. (05上海) He transplanted the

8、 little tree to the garden _ it was the best time for it. A. where B. when C. thatD. until4. (05福建) Did Jack come back early last night? Yes. It was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home. A. Before B. when C. that D. until5. (06遼寧) He was about halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to hi

9、s ears. A. why B. where C. when D. whileA AD DB BB BC C連接詞連接詞when的用法小結(jié)的用法小結(jié)1. when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可以是可引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可以是可延續(xù)延續(xù) 的，也可以是表的，也可以是表短暫性動(dòng)作短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，可用于主句和從句的動(dòng)詞，可用于主句和從句 動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或從句動(dòng)作先于主句動(dòng)作。如：動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或從句動(dòng)作先于主句動(dòng)作。如： When the film ended, the people went back. When I lived there, I used to go to the seas

10、hore on Sundays.2. 可用作并列連詞，其意義為可用作并列連詞，其意義為“那時(shí)，那時(shí)，這時(shí)這時(shí)”，相當(dāng)于，相當(dāng)于 and at this/that time。常用于。常用于下列句式：下列句式： Somebody was doing / was on the point of doing / was about to do/had just done sth when (這時(shí)突然這時(shí)突然)3. 還可以表示原因還可以表示原因“既然既然”，相當(dāng)于，相當(dāng)于since; considering that。如：。如： It was foolish of you to take a taxi

11、when you could easily walk there in five minutes .問題問題2:6. (06天津) The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, _ the quality of life is probably one of the highest. A. since B. when C. as D. while7. (04年江蘇) _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. A. While B

12、. Since C. Before D. Unless連接詞while的用法小結(jié) 1. while引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)作必須是持續(xù)性持續(xù)性的，側(cè)重主句動(dòng)作和從句動(dòng)作相對比。如： Please dont talk so loud while others are working. 2. while作為并列連詞，意為“而，卻而，卻”，表示對比。 3. while可表示盡管，相當(dāng)于although。D DA A連接詞連接詞when, while, as的用法區(qū)別：的用法區(qū)別：1while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是可延續(xù)可延續(xù)的，的， 而而when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語

13、動(dòng)詞是引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞是可延續(xù)可延續(xù)的，也的，也 可以是表可以是表短暫性短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞。as 強(qiáng)調(diào)強(qiáng)調(diào)“一邊一邊一邊一邊”。如：。如：When/While he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring. When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. (不可用不可用while)2從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，只能用從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，只能用when引導(dǎo)這個(gè)引導(dǎo)這個(gè) 從句，不可用從句，不可用as或或while。如：。如： When / after you

14、have finished your work, you may have a rest.3表示表示“隨著隨著”，連詞用，連詞用as，不用，不用when或或while。如：。如： As the election approached, the violence got worse. As time goes by/ With time going by, I know more.4如果主句表示的是短暫動(dòng)作，而從句用如果主句表示的是短暫動(dòng)作，而從句用延續(xù)性動(dòng)作延續(xù)性動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行的進(jìn)行 時(shí)態(tài)表示在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)表示在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作時(shí)，when, while 與與as 可可

15、互換互換使用。如：使用。如： When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.問題問題3:1. (01北京春北京春)Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? Yes. I gave it to her _ I saw her. A. whileB. the moment C. suddenlyD. once2. (1998上海上海) I thought her nice and honest _ I met her.

16、 A. first time B. for the first time C. the first timeD. by the first time3. _ entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report. A. He hardly had B. Had he hardly C. Hardly had heD. Hardly he had B BC CC C小結(jié)：小結(jié)：1一些詞，如一些詞，如the moment, the minute, the instant, the second, immediate

17、ly, directly, instantly, hardly/ scarcely/ rarelywhen, no soonerthan等也可引導(dǎo)一等也可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，相當(dāng)于個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，相當(dāng)于as soon as的意思的意思。 I didnt wait a moment, but came immediately you called.2一些含有一些含有time的名詞短語，如的名詞短語，如every time, each time, next time, by the time等，以及等，以及the day, the year, the morning等，等，也可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從

18、句。也可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句。 The day he returned home, his father was already dead. Next time you come, please bring your composition.3. 如果如果hardly或或no sooner或或scarcely置于置于句首，句首，句子必句子必 須用須用部分倒裝部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)。 Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.問題問題4:1. (03北京春北京春) Was his father very strict with him when he w

19、as at school? Yes. He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade. A. after B. unless C. until D. when2. (03上海上海) A good storyteller must be able to hold listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story. A. when B. unless C. after D. until3. It was not _ she took off

20、her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star. A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; thenC CD DB B小結(jié)：小結(jié)：till, until和和notuntil：1.until/till引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句用于肯定句時(shí)，主句的動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句用于肯定句時(shí)，主句的動(dòng)詞 是是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到，表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到until/till所所 表示的時(shí)間，意為表示的時(shí)間，意為“某動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到某時(shí)間點(diǎn)才停某動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到某時(shí)間點(diǎn)才停 止止”

21、。如：。如： We waited until he came. 2用于用于否定否定句時(shí)，主句謂語動(dòng)詞是句時(shí)，主句謂語動(dòng)詞是非延續(xù)非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，從句性動(dòng)詞，從句 為肯定，意為為肯定，意為“某動(dòng)作直到某時(shí)間才開始某動(dòng)作直到某時(shí)間才開始”。如：。如： He wont go to bed till/until she returns.3till不可以置于句首，而不可以置于句首，而until可以。如：可以。如： Until you told me I had no idea of it.4notuntil句型中的強(qiáng)調(diào)和倒裝說法：句型中的強(qiáng)調(diào)和倒裝說法： It was not until you told

22、 me that I had any idea of it. Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.問題問題5:1. (03年北京年北京) He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse. A. until B. when C. beforeD. as2. (04福建福建) Scientists say it may be five or six years _ it is possible to test this medicine on hu

23、man patients. A. since B. after C. before D. when3. (06四川四川)Why didnt you tell him about the meeting? He rushed out of the room_I could say a word. A. before B. untilC. whenD. after4. (05北京春北京春) It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. A. before B. since C. after D. because C CC CA AB

24、B連接詞before的小結(jié)：一、含義1 We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.2 We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.3 Please write it down before you forget it.4Before I could get in a word, he had made the decision. “才” “不到就” “趁” “還沒來得及” 二Before從句中謂語不用否定式。如： Before they reached the station, t

25、he train had gone. 三1）句型It will be/was段時(shí)間before“還要過多久才才” It will be two years before he leaves the country.(將來的事) 2）句型It will be/was not一段時(shí)間before“不多久就就” It wasnt two years before he left the country.（過去的事） 3）句型It is段時(shí)間since時(shí)間的計(jì)算一律從since從句的 動(dòng)作完成或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時(shí)算起。如： It is three years since she was in the army

26、. It is three years since she joined the army. It is three years since she smoked.（退役三年了） 2、條件狀語從句、條件狀語從句問題問題1：1、The WTO cannot live up to its name _ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. （2000全國）Aas long as BwhileCif Deven though2、 It is known to all that _ you exercis

27、e regularly, you wont keep good health. （05重慶卷） A. unless B. whenever C. although D. if C CA A unless 相當(dāng)于 if not，意思是“除非”“如果不就”。這也是高考的熱點(diǎn)之一。復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)也應(yīng)給予高度重視。問題問題2：1、_ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. （04北京春季）北京春季） A. As long as B. As far as C. Just as D. Even if 2、I a

28、lways take something to read when I go to the doctors _ I have to wait. （05全國卷全國卷3） Ain case Bso that Cin orderDas if B BA A as long as 與 as far as 都可引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，as long as 表示“只要”，as far as 表示“就而論（而言）”。題1根據(jù)題意應(yīng)該選用B。in case 表示“以防” “萬一”根據(jù)題2的句意，不難作出選擇。(可單獨(dú)使用，也可加句子)3、讓步狀語從句、讓步狀語從句問題問題1： 1、 _ I accept that h

29、e is not perfect, I do actually like the person. （04江蘇） A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless2、Allow children the space to voice their opinions, _they are different from your own. (05湖南卷） A. untilB. even ifC. unless D. as though A AB B while 是高考中的高頻詞，它既可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，又可引導(dǎo)并列句，還可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表示“盡管”。even if 等于

30、even though，表示“即使、盡管”。as though 等于 as if，引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，表示“好像、似乎”。問題問題2： 1、 He tried his best to solve the problem, _ difficult it was. （05天津卷） A. however B. no matter C. whatever D although 2、The old tower must be saved, _the cost. （05浙江） Ahowever Bwhatever Cwhichever Dwherever A AB Bno matter wh- 與與 wh-

31、ever 的聯(lián)系及區(qū)別：的聯(lián)系及區(qū)別：no matter wh- 只引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，此時(shí)與 wh-ever通用。如: No matter when / Whenever he comes back, he should be invited to the party.wh-ever又可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句， No matter wh-不能。如：Whatever I can do for you will be nothing but paying a debt. Whoever can help us will be welcome.4.原因狀語從句(1) 比較：because, since, a

32、s和for 1）because語勢最強(qiáng)，用來說明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的問題。當(dāng)原因是顯而易見的或已為人們所知，就用as或 since。Since表示在肯定事實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上推出一種情況，意為“既然” I didnt go, because I was afraid. Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey. 2) because可以引導(dǎo)可以引導(dǎo)表語從句表語從句,而而 as, since不可以不可以 Its because he is too lazy.原因狀語從句(2) 3）由because引導(dǎo)的從句如果放

33、在句末，且前面有逗 號，則可以用for來代替。但如果不是說明直接原因，而是多種情況加以推斷，就只能用for。(并列連詞) The day has broken,_ the birds are singing He is absent today, because / for he is ill. He must be ill, for he is absent today. 4）翻譯： I dont like you , because you are dishonest. I dont like you because you are rich.（并非由于。）for5.結(jié)果狀語從句(1) 結(jié)

34、果狀語從句常由so that 或 suchthat引導(dǎo)，掌握這兩個(gè)句型，首先要了解so 和 such與其后的詞的搭配規(guī)律。 比較：so和 such 其規(guī)律由so與such的不同詞性決定。 such 是形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞詞組，so 是副詞，只能修飾形容詞或副詞。結(jié)果狀語從句(2) so 還可與表示數(shù)量的形容詞many, few, much, little(少的)連用，形成固定搭配。 so foolishsuch a fool so nice a flowersuch a nice flower so many / few flowers such nice flowers so much /

35、 little money. such rapid progress so many peoplesuch a lot of people（ so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 雖相當(dāng)于 many，但 a lot of 為名詞性的，只能用such搭配。）結(jié)果狀語從句(3) sothat與suchthat之間的轉(zhuǎn)換即為 so與such之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。 He is so young a boy that he cant go to school. He is such a young boy that he cant go to schoolsucha/ an + adj. + n.(單數(shù)

36、)adj. + n. (復(fù)數(shù))adj. + U.6. 狀語從句的時(shí)態(tài)問題狀語從句的時(shí)態(tài)問題問題問題1：1、The house could fall down soon if no one_ some quick repair work. （04全國IV） A has done B is doing C does D had done 2、It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. （05北京春季）A. before B. since C. after D. when 在條件，時(shí)間和讓步從句中，用 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示表示一般

37、將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表表將來完成時(shí)將來完成時(shí) 一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)表表過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí) 在 since 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中，動(dòng)詞一般都用一般過去時(shí)，而主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。C CB B7.狀語從句的倒裝問題狀語從句的倒裝問題問題問題1：1、So difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English. (01 上海) A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel2、Not until

38、 all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was. (95 NMET) A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize 狀語從句的倒裝一般有下面幾種情況： 否定副詞開頭； so 加 adj. 開頭；such 加 n.開頭 as / though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。D DA AAlthough/ Though he is young, he

39、 knows a lot.Young as/ though he is, he knows a lot.Child as he is, he can speak seven foreign languages.(Although/ Though he is a child, he can speak seven foreign languages) as 1. Child as he is, the boy knows everything. 2 Proud as he is, he is afraid to see me. 3. Try as I might, I couldnt finis

40、h the work. 4. Hard as he works, he couldnt succeed. adj/adv v + as + clause n 特別注意：特別注意： Hardly when No sooner than Child as he is, Hardly had he got to the station when the train left. No sooner had he got to the station than the train left. Child as he is, he can speak seven foreign languages.8.狀

41、語從句與并列句的區(qū)別狀語從句與并列句的區(qū)別問題問題1：1、Though he is in his sixties, _ he works as hard as a young man A. yet B. but C. and D. and yet2、 Excuse me for breaking in, _ I have some news for you. (NMET02) A. so B. and C. but D. yet 題1是主從復(fù)合句，所以中間不能使用并列連詞 and; or; but; so 等。yet 是副詞，只有 yet 可以與 though 連用。題2為并列句，而“Excu

42、se me/ Sorry, but ”為一固定搭配。在復(fù)習(xí)中需要細(xì)心的分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和成分。A AC C1. _ he heard this, he got very angry. 2. I met Lucy_ I was walking along the river.3. _ a child, he lived in the countryside. A. when B. while C. as對比訓(xùn)練對比訓(xùn)練 1 1A AB BC C1. We were about to leave_ it began to rain.2. She thought I was talking about

43、her son, _, in fact, I was talking about my son.3. Hardly had I finished my composition _ the bell rang. A. when B. while C. as D. during對比訓(xùn)練對比訓(xùn)練 2 2 A AB BA A1. Child _ she is, she knows a lot.2. He did the experiment _ he was told.3. The pianos in the other shop will be cheaper, but not _ good. A. during