高中英語(yǔ)作文寫作——如何寫建議信

1、書(shū)面表達(dá)專題書(shū)面表達(dá)專題-How to write a letter for advice寫作要點(diǎn)：寫作要點(diǎn)：1.建議信：建議信：作者就有關(guān)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行分析并針對(duì)這些問(wèn)題提出自己的看法和建議。2. 對(duì)象：對(duì)象：1）寫給個(gè)人，就其遇到的某個(gè)問(wèn)題提出自己的看法和觀點(diǎn)；2）寫給某個(gè)組織和機(jī)構(gòu)，就改進(jìn)其服務(wù)提出建議或忠告。3. 基本框架：基本框架：開(kāi)頭（開(kāi)頭（beginning）- 開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山，向?qū)Ψ疥愂鲎约旱挠^點(diǎn).(state your idea)主體主體(body)- 對(duì)所提出的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行分析并說(shuō)明理由，接著提出自己的建議(reasons and evidence)結(jié)尾結(jié)尾(ending)- 呼應(yīng)開(kāi)頭，重

2、申觀點(diǎn)(restate your opinion.)4. 注意事項(xiàng)：注意事項(xiàng)：1）建議信要寫出寫信的原因原因，建議的內(nèi)容內(nèi)容，提出建議的理由理由，提出的理由要入情入理理由要入情入理，語(yǔ)氣一定要禮貌當(dāng)先禮貌當(dāng)先。因此建議信要寫得簡(jiǎn)明扼要、目的明確、具有合理性和說(shuō)服力；2）建議的角度要多樣化角度要多樣化，避免重復(fù)?？蓮恼巍⒔?jīng)濟(jì)、文化、倫理、法律以及個(gè)人等多角度給出建議；3）符合英文信件的基本格式基本格式；4）基本時(shí)態(tài)多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí)。常用套語(yǔ)常用套語(yǔ)A建議信開(kāi)頭常用句式建議信開(kāi)頭常用句式 (照應(yīng)材料照應(yīng)材料,表明寫作意圖表明寫作意圖)1. After I rea

3、d your letter in the newspaper, I am sorry to know that 2. I am very glad to hear that you want to3. I know you have trouble inafter reading your letter4. I am writing to you for the purpose of 5. I am writing to share some advice/opinions with you.6. You have asked me for some advice with regard to

4、 and I will try to make some conductive suggestions.7. You have asked me for my advice about/on B. 表達(dá)建議（表達(dá)建議（body）1 .I think it would be more beneficial if you could 2. I would like to suggest/recommend that3. If I were you, I would4. Why not ?/ How (What) about doing 5. is a good/great idea.6. You

5、may consider doing 7. It would seem/seems to me that you could 8. In my opinion, it would be wise to take the following action.9. When it comes to such a situation, I would like to suggest that you should First,/Firstly,/ Secondly,/ Then,/ After that,/ In the end,/ Finally, /Meanwhile, /Whats more,/

6、 In addition,/ Besides,/ Furthermore, C.建議信結(jié)尾常用句式建議信結(jié)尾常用句式 1. I believe you will take my advice into account/ consideration.2. I hope you will find these proposals/ suggestions/ recommendations practical/ useful/ helpful.3. I will be more than happy to see improvements in this regard.4. I would appr

7、eciate it very much if you could consider my suggestions.5. I feel that it would be beneficial if you stick to it.6. In the end, I will be glad if you find my suggestions useful.假如你叫孫軍，是紅星高中的學(xué)生，要給市長(zhǎng)假如你叫孫軍，是紅星高中的學(xué)生，要給市長(zhǎng)寫一封信，反映學(xué)校門前交通擁擠現(xiàn)象，包括寫一封信，反映學(xué)校門前交通擁擠現(xiàn)象，包括以下要點(diǎn)：以下要點(diǎn)：參考詞匯參考詞匯: 穿行穿行 thread ones way 天

8、橋天橋 overpass 問(wèn)題問(wèn)題建議建議學(xué)校和一所小學(xué)毗鄰，對(duì)著學(xué)校和一所小學(xué)毗鄰，對(duì)著大街，高峰期交通繁忙；加大街，高峰期交通繁忙；加之孩子小之孩子小, 家長(zhǎng)接送。交通家長(zhǎng)接送。交通更擁擠；學(xué)生過(guò)街在車輛中更擁擠；學(xué)生過(guò)街在車輛中穿行危險(xiǎn)。穿行危險(xiǎn)。政府應(yīng)采取措施政府應(yīng)采取措施,如修天橋等。如修天橋等。第一步：審題第一步：審題養(yǎng)成重視審題的習(xí)慣。養(yǎng)成重視審題的習(xí)慣。雖然基礎(chǔ)寫作題是半封閉性的，但審題仍然十分重要。現(xiàn)以樣題為例，談?wù)勅绾螌忣}：思考的問(wèn)題思考的問(wèn)題樣題分析樣題分析第幾人稱？（第幾人稱？（person）文章的體裁是什么？文章的體裁是什么？要寫的文章主題是什么要寫的文章主題是什么

9、(topic)怎樣安排信息點(diǎn)的順序？怎樣安排信息點(diǎn)的順序？ (order)動(dòng)作是什么時(shí)候發(fā)生的？動(dòng)作是什么時(shí)候發(fā)生的？(時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)) (when)第一人稱第一人稱一封信一封信建議政府采取措施舒緩交建議政府采取措施舒緩交通擁擠的狀況通擁擠的狀況說(shuō)理邏輯性說(shuō)理邏輯性一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)三個(gè)步驟Step 1 List the key pointsStep 2 Make sentences Step3. Form a passage and polish適當(dāng)運(yùn)用模板適當(dāng)運(yùn)用模板模板二：模板二：Dear _(對(duì)象對(duì)象)， I am writing to express my views concernin

10、g _(問(wèn)題問(wèn)題). First and for the most, _(建議一建議一). In addition, _(建議二建議二). Whats more _(建議三建議三). I hope youll find these proposals useful. Yours sincerely, Li MingDear Bob,Im glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on (引出主題引出主題). Here are a few suggestions. First, it is important to . Then, it a

11、lso helps to . Besides, it should be a good idea to . You can also . (此三句此三句不同不同的句式提出建議的句式提出建議)As to , I suggest (有時(shí)根據(jù)需要有時(shí)根據(jù)需要具體到某一反面具體到某一反面). In addition, (其他建議其他建議). Im sure (預(yù)測(cè)可能的結(jié)果，給對(duì)方以預(yù)測(cè)可能的結(jié)果，給對(duì)方以行動(dòng)的信心和決心行動(dòng)的信心和決心).Im looking forward to (表達(dá)愿望表達(dá)愿望).Sincerely yours,Li Hua第二步：搜索相關(guān)詞組或句型第二步：搜索相關(guān)詞組或句型

12、問(wèn)題建議學(xué)校和一所小學(xué)毗學(xué)校和一所小學(xué)毗鄰，對(duì)著大街，高鄰，對(duì)著大街，高峰期交通繁忙；加峰期交通繁忙；加之孩子小之孩子小, 家長(zhǎng)接家長(zhǎng)接送。交通更擁擠；送。交通更擁擠；學(xué)生過(guò)街在車輛中學(xué)生過(guò)街在車輛中穿行危險(xiǎn)。穿行危險(xiǎn)。政府應(yīng)采取措施政府應(yīng)采取措施,如修天橋等。如修天橋等。 學(xué)校與一所小學(xué)毗鄰學(xué)校與一所小學(xué)毗鄰,對(duì)著大街對(duì)著大街stand next to primary face/be faced with the main streetTheres a primary school near our school, and both schools face the main street.

13、Our school stands next to a primary school, faced with/facing the main street.推薦句型：推薦句型：There be+并列句并列句非謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)非謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)Standing next to a primary school, our school is faced with/faces the main street.潤(rùn)色潤(rùn)色小建議小建議可將可將stand next to替換為高級(jí)詞匯替換為高級(jí)詞匯/短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)be located next to (near/beside/by) border/adjoin vt. be ad

14、jacent to與與毗鄰毗鄰在在對(duì)面對(duì)面 be opposite to The traffic is busy during the rush hours.高峰期交通繁忙高峰期交通繁忙.traffic. during the rush hoursDuring the rush hours, there are so many cars and buses going on the road that the traffic becomes extremely busy.so. thatwith結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)With so many cars and buses going on the road

15、during the rush hours, the traffic becomes busy . 加之孩子小加之孩子小,家長(zhǎng)接送家長(zhǎng)接送,交通更擁擠交通更擁擠 sendto, fetch. , which 非謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)非謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu).Many parents send their young children to school and fetch them home, which makes the traffic heavier.Many parents send their young children to school and fetch them home, which makes /

16、 making the traffic heavier.加之孩子小，家長(zhǎng)接送，交通更擁擠加之孩子小，家長(zhǎng)接送，交通更擁擠Whats more, pick up. make.To make things worse/ Whats worse, many parents coming to pick up their children make the street more crowded.Whats more, parents often attend their kids to school, resulting in more serious traffic jams.What makes

17、 things worse is that children have to be picked up by their parents owing to their young age.making the situation more serious.making the traffic heavier可意譯為：可意譯為： so. that.=tootoThe children are so young that parents have to send them to school and fetch them home, which makes/making the traffic h

18、eavier.making 可替換為：可替換為： causing, leading to, resulting in“sendfetch” 可替換為短語(yǔ)：可替換為短語(yǔ)：pick up潤(rùn)色潤(rùn)色小建議小建議 學(xué)生過(guò)街在車輛中穿行危險(xiǎn)學(xué)生過(guò)街在車輛中穿行危險(xiǎn)thread ones way，when doingIt is dangerous for the students to thread their way among buses and cars when crossing the road.固定句型固定句型It is +adj. for to do.1.Students are riskin

19、g their lives to thread their way among cars.潤(rùn)色潤(rùn)色小建議小建議2. Some are exposed to danger when crossing the ocean/ sea of cars. 靈活運(yùn)用其它的短語(yǔ)進(jìn)行意譯：靈活運(yùn)用其它的短語(yǔ)進(jìn)行意譯： 適當(dāng)增加形容詞和副詞：適當(dāng)增加形容詞和副詞： it is extremely dangerous，it is of great/ tremendous danger suggest/suggestion, take steps/ measures/ action to do such as政府應(yīng)

20、采取措施政府應(yīng)采取措施,如修天橋等。如修天橋等。My suggestion is that the government should表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句固定句型固定句型 It is high time that(虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣)It is high time that relevant authorities took some measures like buildingI suggest that the government should take steps such as building an overpass.簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句1. In order to release the st

21、ress of traffic problems, 潤(rùn)色潤(rùn)色小建議小建議2. Aimed at solving these problems, the government shouldA. 適當(dāng)添加一些意思（過(guò)渡句）適當(dāng)添加一些意思（過(guò)渡句）The government should pay more attention to it and try to solve it.B. 語(yǔ)義的意譯語(yǔ)義的意譯3. Seeing these matters, never will I stop urging our government to take some measures. For the sa

22、ke of improving the quality of traffic, it is significant to buildC. 添加形容詞和副詞添加形容詞和副詞I strongly suggest, active/effective measures第三步第三步. 連句成文連句成文但要注意：篇章的連貫性但要注意：篇章的連貫性Next to a primary school stands our school, facing a main street. _, its crammed with cars during the rush hour. _ children have to

23、be picked up by their parents owing to their young age. _, its of great danger for the students to go through the traffic. _, it is high time that relevant authorities took some measures like building an overpass.A. As a consequence B. According to the phenomenon stated above C. When it comes to tra

24、ffic jamsD. What makes things worse is that A.C.D.B.反面范例反面范例反面范例反面范例反面范例反面范例反面范例反面范例不推薦字體不推薦字體優(yōu)點(diǎn)：考生能靈活地處理各個(gè)信息點(diǎn)，大量運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)，介詞短優(yōu)點(diǎn)：考生能靈活地處理各個(gè)信息點(diǎn)，大量運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)，介詞短語(yǔ)，從句，連詞等來(lái)提亮句子，使得文章更彰顯個(gè)性和語(yǔ)言功語(yǔ)，從句，連詞等來(lái)提亮句子，使得文章更彰顯個(gè)性和語(yǔ)言功底。底。優(yōu)秀作文范例優(yōu)秀作文范例1優(yōu)秀作文范例優(yōu)秀作文范例2優(yōu)點(diǎn)：考生的書(shū)面整潔，字體美觀，運(yùn)用優(yōu)點(diǎn)：考生的書(shū)面整潔，字體美觀，運(yùn)用there be句型，介詞短語(yǔ)，從句，非謂語(yǔ)，套用句式等來(lái)句

25、型，介詞短語(yǔ)，從句，非謂語(yǔ)，套用句式等來(lái)提亮句子，使得文章更彰顯內(nèi)涵和語(yǔ)言功底。提亮句子，使得文章更彰顯內(nèi)涵和語(yǔ)言功底。優(yōu)秀作文范例優(yōu)秀作文范例3優(yōu)點(diǎn)：考生運(yùn)用倒裝句，優(yōu)點(diǎn)：考生運(yùn)用倒裝句，so that句式，精彩的句式，精彩的表達(dá)以及虛擬語(yǔ)氣等來(lái)提亮句子，使得文章更彰表達(dá)以及虛擬語(yǔ)氣等來(lái)提亮句子，使得文章更彰顯內(nèi)涵和語(yǔ)言功底。顯內(nèi)涵和語(yǔ)言功底。優(yōu)秀作文范例優(yōu)秀作文范例4優(yōu)點(diǎn)：該考生最大的特色是運(yùn)用了大量的高級(jí)詞優(yōu)點(diǎn)：該考生最大的特色是運(yùn)用了大量的高級(jí)詞匯等來(lái)提亮句子，使得文章更彰顯深厚的語(yǔ)言底匯等來(lái)提亮句子，使得文章更彰顯深厚的語(yǔ)言底蘊(yùn)。蘊(yùn)。如何給閱卷人以好的第一直觀印象如何給閱卷人以好的第

26、一直觀印象整體三部分整體三部分1.Heading點(diǎn)題；一兩個(gè)句子；概括性；暗示性2. Body 中心記述部分；層次分明3. Ending 小結(jié)；呼應(yīng)主題 假定你是李華，你的英國(guó)朋友假定你是李華，你的英國(guó)朋友PeterPeter來(lái)信向你咨詢來(lái)信向你咨詢?nèi)绾尾拍軐W(xué)好中文。如何才能學(xué)好中文。 注意：可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)注意：可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已給出。已給出。Dear Peter,Dear Peter, Im glad to receive your letter asking Im glad to receive your letter asking for my

27、advice no how to learn Chinese for my advice no how to learn Chinese well._ well._ _ _Best wishes,Best wishes,Li HuaLi Hua 參加中文學(xué)習(xí)班；參加中文學(xué)習(xí)班； 看電視，報(bào)紙，雜志；看電視，報(bào)紙，雜志； 學(xué)唱中文歌曲；學(xué)唱中文歌曲； 交中國(guó)朋友；交中國(guó)朋友；Dear Peter,Im glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well.Here are a few sugge

28、stions. First, it is important to take a Chinese course, as youll be able to learn from the teachers and practice with your fellow students. Then, it also helps to watch TV and read books, newspapers, and magazines in Chinese whenever possible. Besides, it should be a good idea to learn and sing Chi

29、nese songs, because by doing so youll learn and remember Chinese words more easily. In addition, You can also make more Chinese friends. They will tell you a lot about China and help you learn Chinese.Try writing to me in Chinese next time.Best wishes, Li Hua為了迎接即將到來(lái)的期末考試，你校要取消所有的體育課。請(qǐng)你以學(xué)生王麗的身份給校長(zhǎng)寫一

30、封信，建議不要取消體育課。注意：1. 詞數(shù)：120左右； 2. 文章的開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Dear Headmaster, Im writing to express my views concerning our schools decision that all physical education should be cancelled.常見(jiàn)連接詞常見(jiàn)連接詞表時(shí)間關(guān)系：表時(shí)間關(guān)系： when / after / before / until / not until as soon as / later / afterwards / soon / lately / recently

31、/ since / eventually / from then on / in the meanwhile (meantime) / then / finally/ at last / all of a sudden / after a while / since then / immediately / instantly / every time / each time / the first time常見(jiàn)連接詞常見(jiàn)連接詞羅列觀點(diǎn)：羅列觀點(diǎn)： Firstly / First of all / To begin with / Above all / In the first place /

32、 On one hand For one thing, Secondly / Besides / Apart from / Whats more, / In addition， / Furthermore, / Moreover，/ Worse still, / To make matters worse, / as well / On the other hand / For another thing, / Next, Finally / In the end / At last / Last but not least,常見(jiàn)連接詞常見(jiàn)連接詞表列舉：表列舉： for example (instance) / such as / take for example / thats to say / in other words / as f