(江蘇專版)高考英語二輪復習-增分技巧突破-閱讀理解檢測閱讀理解詞義猜測類之短語猜測題或句意理解題

1、專題限時檢測（二十二）閱讀理解詞義猜測類之短語猜測題或句意理 解題（加的為短語猜測題或句意理解題，本卷限時23分鐘）A（2017 南京市、鹽城市高三模擬考試）You've probably heard such reports. Thenumber of college students majoring in the humanities （人文學科 ）is decreasingquickly. The news has caused a flood of high-mindedessays criticizingthedevelopment as a symbol of Ameri

2、can decline.The bright side is this: The destruction of the humanities by the humanities is, finally, coming to an end. No more will literature, as part of an academic curriculum, put out the light of literature. No longer will the reading of, say, “King Lear " orD. H. Lawrence's"Women

3、in Love"resultin the annoying stuff of multiple-choice quizzes, exam essays and homework assignments.The discouraging fact is that for every college professor who made Shakespeare or Lawrence come alive for the lucky few, there were countless others who made the reading of literary masterpieces

4、 seem like two_hours_in the dentist's_chair.The remarkably insignificant fact that, a half-century ago, 14% of the undergraduate population majored in the humanities （mostly in literature, but also in art, philosophy, history, classics and religion） as opposed to 7% today has given rise to serio

5、us reflections on the nature and purpose of an education in the liberal arts.Such reflections always come to the same conclusion: We are told that the lack of a formal education, mostly in literature, leads to numerous harmful personal conditions, such as the inability to think critically, to write

6、clearly, to be curious about other people and places, to engage with great literature after graduation, to recognize truth, beauty and goodness.These serious anxieties are grand, admirably virtuous and virtuously admirable. They are also a mere fantasy.The college teaching of literature is a relativ

7、ely recent phenomenon. Literature did not even become part of the university curriculum until the end of the 19th century. Before that, what came to be called the humanities consisted of learning Greek and Latin, while the Bible was studied in church as the necessary other half of a full education.

8、No one ever thought of teaching novels, stories, poems or plays in a formal course of study. They were part of the leisure of everyday life.It was only after World War n that the study of literature as a type of wisdom, relevant to actual, contemporary life, put down widespread institutional roots.S

9、oldiers returning home in 1945 longed to make sense of their lives after what they had witnessed and survived.The abundant economy afforded them the opportunity andthe time to do so. Majoring in English hit its peak, yet it was this very popularity of literature in the university that spelled its do

10、om, as the academicization of literary art was accelerated.Literature changed my life long before I began to study it in college. Books took me far from myself into experiences that had nothing to do with my life, yet spoke to my life. But once in the college classroom, this precious, alternate life

11、 inside me got thrown back into that dimension of my existence that bored me. Homer, Chekhov and Yeats were reduced to right and wrong answers, clear-cut themes and clever interpretations. If there is anything to worry about, it should be the disappearance of what used to be an important part of eve

12、ry high-school education: the literature survey course, where books were not academically taught but thoroughly introduced - an experience unaffected by stupid commentary and useless testing.The literary classics are places of quiet, useless stillness in a world that despises （ HE 視）any activity tha

13、t is not profitable or productive. Literature is too sacred to be taught. It needs only to be read.Soon, if all goes well and literature at last disappears from the undergraduate curriculum - my fingers are crossed increasing numbers of people will be able to say that reading the literary masterwork

14、s of the past outside the college classroom, simply in the course of living, is, in fact, their college classroom.語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。作者結合自身的經(jīng)歷講述了當今文學教學所存在的問題。 1.The author mentions“two hours in the dentist's chair " in Paragraph 3 toindicate that.A. the average literature class in college is two

15、 hours longB. reading literary works is made unbearable by professorsC. it actually does not take long to read the classics of literatureD. college students don't spend much time on literary masterworks解析：選B句意理解題。根據(jù)該部分所在的語境可知，部分幸運的學生能遇到把莎士比亞或勞倫斯講得有聲有色的教授，而不計其數(shù)的其他教授卻讓文學巨著的閱讀變成一種煎熬。所以對某些學生來說教授們把文學

16、閱讀變成了一種令人難以忍受的經(jīng)歷。2. The sharp drop in the number of majors in the humanities.A. has given rise to quite a shock in the intellectual worldB. promises the remarkable destruction of the humanitiesC. shows more people read literature outside the classroomD. has caused the author to reflect on the nature

17、 of literary creation解析：選A 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“as opposed to 7% today has given rise to serious reflections on the nature and purpose of an education in the liberal arts ”可知，學習人文學科的學生人數(shù)急劇下降讓知識界感到吃驚，并引起他們的反思。3. Which of the following opinions may the author hold?A. The disappearance of literature should be

18、 strongly applauded.B. Literature teaching can improve our critical thinking ability.C. Reading literature doesn't require specialized knowledge and skills.D. Literature should be taught through analyzing different writing styles.解析：選C 推理判斷題。結合作者的閱讀經(jīng)歷，尤其是倒數(shù)第二段中的“Literatureis too sacred to be tau

19、ght. It needs only to be read.”可知，作者認為文學是不需要教的，只需要讀。因此作者認為文學閱讀不需要什么特別的知識和技能。4. According to the author, the problem of literature teaching lies in the fact that.A. it is a relatively recent phenomenon in educationB. literature teaching is not profitable or productiveC. people are interested in somet

20、hing more practicalD. it is turned into a soulless competition for grades解析：選 D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段，尤其是其中的"an experienceunaffected by stupid commentary and useless testing ” 可知，當今文學教學存在的問 題是它把文學變成了學生分數(shù)上的一種競爭。5. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?A. To urge college students to rea

21、d more literary classics.B. To introduce the present situation of literature teaching.C. To voice his opinion on the shrinkage of literature teaching.D. To show his serious concern for college literature teaching.解析：選C作者意圖題。縱觀全文，作者就文學教學的衰落發(fā)表了自己的觀點，所以6. The overall tone of the passage is.A. skeptical

22、B. sympatheticC. aggressiveD. straightforward解析：選D作者態(tài)度題。結合全文，作者對目前文學教學所存在的問題坦率地表明了 自己的觀點，所以選擇d skeptical "懷疑的"；sympathetic "同情的"；aggressive “有 攻擊性的"；straightforward "率直的，坦率的”。B（2017 江蘇省 高考名 校聯(lián)考）How does the media affect our lives? Does it influence our thinking and beha

23、vior? What are the negative influences of the media? Read on to find the negative influences of the media on society you never thought about.The media has negative effects on the physical and psychological wellbeing of society. People spending hours in front of a television or surfing the Internet e

24、xperience eye problems. Lack of physical activity leads to obesity problems. The media influences public opinion and impacts the choices that people make. The media has led to a general opinion that thin is in and fat is out. This makes the overweight feel out of place. They are ready to starve them

25、selves to lose weight, which has led to increasing cases of eating disorders. In a survey done on fifth graders, it was found that kids had become dissatisfied with their bodies after watching a video of a certain very popular model.The media has, in its own way, changed people's outlook on life

26、. It is the interface （界面）through which millions look at the world outside. The media claims to describe the “today” , but not all types of media show the truth. With the intention of stressing their point or grabbing greater attention from the masses, the media exaggerates （ 夸大）things to a certain

27、degree. Not everyone is able to filter out that element. Most believe everything to be real, especially kids and teenagers.Vampires, werewolves, witches, ghosts where did theycome from? Fairies, superheroes, angels where did they come from? It's not only the media to be blamed, as these characte

28、rs belong to folklore, but the media did play a role in spreading these characters and making them seem real. These characters enter our world through books and movies.There is no denying that they have amusement value. But isn't it too much to blindly believe that they exist?The media is so ove

29、rwhelming that the masses end up believing everything it says or shows. Media sources are so many in number and all of them so convincingly make their point that it is hard to distinguish between right and wrong. The media is constantly offering us too much information. How far do we go to check its

30、 authenticity? Howdeep do we dig to get to the root of something that's making news? How critically do we judge the reality of reality shows and the truth behind true stories? We don't think, we believe. We don't judge, we get influenced. And that's how impactive the media is.While a

31、 certain amount of exposure to the media is essential for introducing ourselves to the world outside, excessive exposure, uncontrolled access and belief without thought won't lead us anywhere. They will only make the negative effectofthe media more obvious.To keep yourself from being harmed by t

32、he media, you're advised to limit media exposure and choose what to watch properly. News sources often provide you with the same negative stories over and over again, in order to increase the impact. Sometimes, small incidents or events in the lives of celebrities and politicians are advertised

33、a lot, in order to make them draw more attention. Avoid watching such programs or news. Instead, watch good programs that carry healthy content, engage in positive activities, and encourage others to do the same. As a responsible adult, exercise control on the media exposure that kids and teenagers

34、get.Media descriptions give rise to stereotypes, affecting your mindset. Advertisements carry subliminal （潛意識的）messages influencing buyers' psychology, or carry direct messages that bear a negative influence. It's not possible to protect yourself completely from the effects of the media, eve

35、n if you limit the exposure.And there are so many things you see around you, without choosing to watch them. The only way to protect yourself from them is to not allow them to influence you. Don't take media portrayals at their word. Don't believe in them without thinking. Think twice before

36、 following or falling for anything. Put things into perspective, and don't let the media influence you to do the wrong things.一-i隔禍前一-麗西7ms而i花iSW刀斤連冠而馬：一R而面勒而mMtET”- j們對媒體所傳達的信息要進行理智的思考和判斷，決不能盲目相信。 7. What impact does the media have on people's health?A. It misshapes people's concept of

37、beauty.8. It disturbs people's sleeping routines.9. It makes people addicted to unhealthy junk food.10. It raises people's awareness of exercise.解析：選A 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的"The media influences public opinion and impacts the choices that people make.The media has led to a general opinion that t

38、hin is in and fat is out .”可知，媒體影響公眾的觀點以及人們所作出的選擇，媒體導致公眾認為“瘦是時尚，胖是落伍”，這使得人們餓著減肥，從而導致飲食紊亂。由此可知，媒體會使人們形成有關美的錯誤觀念。故選Ao8.Which word can replace the underlined part“filter out " in Paragraph 3?A. Accept.B. Convey.C. Remove.D. Interpret.解析：選 C 短語猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的" With the intention of stressing the

39、ir point or grabbing greater attention from the masses, the media exaggerates（夸大）things to a certain degree."和"Most believe everything to be real, especially kids and teenagers."可知，為了吸引大眾更多的關注，媒體會在一定程度上 夸大事物，而不是每個人都能夠去除夸大這種因素的影響。大部分人認為一切都是真的，尤其是孩子和青少年。由此可推知畫線部分的意思是“過濾掉，去除"，與remov

40、e的意思相近。故選Q9. What may make it difficult to tell the reliability of media information?A. The information overload.B. Blind faith in the media.C. Lack of relative background knowledge.D. The ambiguity of information itself.解析：選A 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的"The media i s so overwhelming .The media is constantly

41、 offering us too much information.“可知， 媒體以壓倒性的數(shù)量優(yōu)勢使人們相信它所說的和所展示的東西。媒體信息來源的數(shù)量之多、其闡述觀點的說服力之強使得人們很難辨別信息的真假。且媒體仍在不斷地給我們提供大量的信息。由此可推知，媒體提供信息的數(shù)量之多可能是導致人們很又t辨別信息的可信度的原因。故選Ao10. What message does the author want to convey in Paragraph 6?A. More haste, less speed.B. Every coin has two sides.C. A watched pot

42、never boils.D. Learn to walk before you run.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段的內(nèi)容可知，適度接觸媒體對我們接觸外面的世 界完全是必要的，但過多的、毫無節(jié)制的接觸對我們則無益處，會對我們產(chǎn)生消極的影響。 由此可知，B項“事物都有兩面fT符合題意。 A項意為“欲速則不達”；C項意為“心急水不開；心急吃不了熱豆腐”；D項意為“先學走再學跑；循序漸進”。11. What is the last but one paragraph mainly about?A. Features of information in the news media.B. Tips

43、 on choosing proper programs to watch.C. Importance of restricting one's media exposure.D. Ways to avoid the negative influence of the media.解析：選 D 段落大意題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"you're advised to limit media exposure and choose what to watch properly "和"Avoid watching such programs or news.

44、 Instead, watch good programs that carry healthy content, engage in positive activities .”及“exercise control on the media exposure that kids and teenagers get”可知，本段主要講述的是規(guī)避媒體的消極影響的方法。故選D=12. What does the author advise people to do in the last paragraph?A. Never trust what the media says.B. Don'

45、t be too curious about things around.C. Develop their self-discipline and self-control.D. Use their own judgment correctly in face of the media.解析：選 D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的"The only way to protect yourse lf .Think twice before following or falling for anything .” 可知，作者建議人們不要被媒體的描述所欺騙，不要盲目相信媒體所報道的，要有自己

46、的判斷，也就是說人們在媒體（信息）面前，要正確運用自己的判斷。故選 DoC（2017 江蘇省高考名校聯(lián)考 ）Many artists lived in the Greenwich Village areaofNewYork. Two young womennamed Sue and Johnsy shared a studio apartment at the top of a three-story building. In November, a cold, unseen stranger came. It was a disease, pneumonia, which killed ma

47、ny people.Johnsy lay on her bed, hardly moving. One morning, a doctor examined Johnsy and took her tempera ture. Then he spoke with Sue in another room."She has one chancein ten , " he said. "She can hardly make it. " After the doctor had gone, Sue went into the workroom and crie

48、d. Then she went to Johnsy's room with her drawing board.She began making a pen-and-ink drawing for a story in a magazine. After a while, Sue heard a low sound, several times repeated. She went quickly to the bedside.Johnsy's eyes were open wide. She was looking out the window and countingco

49、unting backward. "Ten, " she said, and a little later"nine" ; and then “eight”and “seven” , almost together. Sue looked out the window. What was there to count? There was only an empty yard with an old ivy vine （常春藤），which went bad at theroots and climbed halfway up the wall. The

50、 cold breath of autumn had struck leaves from the plant until its branches, almost bare, hung on the bricks.“Six leaves are still there , " said Johnsy, quietly."Whenthe last one falls,I must go, too. I've known that for three days. Didn't the doctor tell you?"“Don't be s

51、illy , “ said Sue."Try to eat some soup now. And, let me go backto my painting, so I can sell it to the magazine and buy food and wine for us. I must call Mister Behrman up to be my model. ”O(jiān)ld Behrman was a painter who lived on the ground floor of the apartment building. Behrman was a failure

52、in art. For years, he had always been planning to paint a work of art, but had never yet begun it. He earned a little money by serving as a model for artists who could not pay for a professional model.Sue found Behrman in his room, where in one area was a blank canvas （畫布）that had been waiting twent

53、y-five years for the first line of paint. Sue told him about Johnsy and how she feared that her friend would float away like a leaf. Old Behrman yelled, “Miss Johnsy shou ld not be so sick! Someday I will paint a masterpiece, and we shall all go away." Johnsy was sleeping when they went upstair

54、s. Sue pulled the shade down to cover the window. She and Behrman went into the other room. They looked out a window fearfullyat the ivy vine.Then they looked at each other without speaking. A cold rain was falling, mixed with snow. Behrman sat and posed as a miner.The next morning, Sue awoke after

55、an hour's sleep. She found Johnsy with wide-open eyes staring at the covered window. "Pull up the shade; I want to see,” she ordered, quietly. Sue obeyed. "There's still one? ” said Johnsy. "I thought it would fall during the night. I heard the wind.”The next morning, when it

56、was light, the ivy leaf was still there. Johnsy lay for a long time. And then she called to Sue, who was preparing chicken soup. "Would you please bring me a little soup now? ” asked Johnsy.Later in the day, the doctor came."Even chances , " said the doctor. "Withgood care, you&#

57、39;ll win. And now I must see another case, Behrman, which is severe.Later that day, Sue came up to Johnsy, and put one arm around her." MisterBehrman died of pneumonia today , " she said. "He was sick for only two days. They found him on the morning of the first day very weak, and hi

58、s shoes and clothing were completely wet and icy cold. Do you know why? Look out the window, dear, at the last ivy leaf on the wall. Didn't you wonder why it never moved when the wind blew? Behrman painted it there the night when the last leaf fell.”語ii廨讀：天文是記反文。為亍而裁出而灸而奄潘i一點面Johnsy的壬命，Behrman憲iiI生在風雨交加的夜晚往墻上畫了一片常春藤葉，給了 Johnsy生的信念，而他自己卻染上肺 iiI炎，不幸離開了人世。 13. What does Paragraph 1 serve as?A. The backgrou