譯林版牛津英語八年級初二下冊Unit-6知識點+測試卷

1、Unit 6 Sunshine for allPart One Comic strip重點全解1、 Im training to be a volunteer for the Olympic Games.（P 78） train此處為及物動詞(也可作不及物動詞)，意為“接受訓(xùn)練；培訓(xùn)等”例如: He is training to be a doctor. We should train students to form good habits. trainer n. 教練；trainee n. 接受訓(xùn)練的人，學(xué)員training 不可數(shù)名詞，意為“訓(xùn)練”。例如：You need more tr

2、aining.2、 Will you support me, Eddie（P 78）support此處為及物動詞，意為“支持”。例如：I dont support his opinion.support 作不可數(shù)名詞時，意為“支持，擁護(hù)”。例如：He needs our support.supporter 可數(shù)名詞，意為“支持者，擁護(hù)者”。例如：I have many supporters.3、 Its meaningful to do something for the Olympics.（P 78）meaningful adj. 有有意義的；meaningless adj. 無意義的例如：

3、What he did is meaningful.He gave me a meaningful look.4、 How can I help then（P 78）辨析：can與be able to易混詞 含義 具體解析can能，會只是一般性的能力，指“有能力做某事”，只用于一般現(xiàn)在時（can）和一般過去時（could）可以用來表示請求、允許；be able to則不能可能用來推測，表示可能性，常用于否定句中be able to能，會強(qiáng)調(diào)具體事件中有能力，指“經(jīng)過努力而成功地做某事”，可用于各種時態(tài)；不能與can連用；不能表示可能性的推測例如：The boy can skate=The bo

4、y is able to skate. Can I come in? The man cant be Mr. Green. He has gone to America.5、 I need some more food to eat at work.（P 78）some more意為“再來一點，再多一些”拓展：“數(shù)詞+more+名詞”=“another + 數(shù)詞+名詞”。例如：I want to buy ten more apples. = we want to buy another ten apples.Part Two Welcome to the unitA重點全解1、 blind a

5、dj. 瞎的（P 79）由blind構(gòu)成的短語：go blind 失明；turn a blind eye to對佯裝不見 be blind to 對視而不見2、 deaf adj. 聾的（P 79）例如：He is a deaf man.He is deaf of an ear.拓展：be deaf to advice意為“不聽勸告” Tom is always deaf to advice. turn a deaf ear to意為“對充耳不聞” Dont turn a deaf ear to what I said.B重點全解1、 What are homeless people, Dan

6、iel?（P 79）homeless adj. 無家可歸的類似以后綴“-less”構(gòu)成的單詞：careless 馬虎的；useless 無用的；harmless無害的；meaningless沒有意義的；endless無盡的；helpless無助的2、 They can provide special places for homeless people to stay.（P 79）provide sth. for sb. 意為“為某人提供某物”，相當(dāng)于provide sb. with sth.例如：They often provide hungry children with food.The

7、y often provide food for hungry children.簡單辨析：give, provide與offerprovide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth.give sth. to sb. = give sb. sth.offer sth. to sb. = offer sb. sth.Part Three Reading重點全解1、 Liu Ming did not know what to expect when he volunteered for the Special Olympics World Summer Games

8、 in Shanghai, back in October 2007. （P 80）expect vt. 意為“期待，指望，預(yù)料”例如：What do you expect me to do? I expect that he will pass the exam.辨析：expect, hope與look forward to易混詞 具體解釋 用法expect指期待、盼望某事的發(fā)生，感情色彩強(qiáng)烈其后可接名詞、動詞不定式或從句作賓語，也可以接動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語,例：I expect to meet my good friend in Pairs. hope“希望”，表示對意愿的實現(xiàn)抱有一定的

9、信心，這種希望往往可以實現(xiàn)其后可接名詞、動詞不定式或從句作賓語，但不能接動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語,例：Tommy hopes that her father can come to the meeting.look forward to有主觀上以愉悅的心情“盼望，期待”之意其中to為介詞，其后可接名詞、代詞或動名詞,例：I am looking forward to Childrens Day.volunteer此處用作不及物動詞，意為“志愿做，義務(wù)做”。例如：Last summer I volunteered at the local hospital.拓展：voluntary adj. 義務(wù)

10、的，志愿的 The college students often do some voluntary work in their spare time.2、 The special Olympics World Games give children and adults with intellectual disabilities a chance to show their skills to the world. （P 80）give sb. a chance to do sth. 意為“給某人做某事的機(jī)會”例如：I will give you a chance to explain y

11、ourself.句中的with intellectual disabilities為后置定語，修飾children and adults。介詞短語作定語一般要后置。例如：The students on duty are cleaning the classroom.chance可數(shù)名詞，意為“機(jī)會”，強(qiáng)調(diào)偶然性。例如：Do you have a chance to win? You have no chance now.3、 They include many events similar to those in the Olympics. （P 80）event此處用作可數(shù)名詞，意為“比賽項

12、目；大事”。例如：How many events are there at your school sports meeting? Its an event in history. 那是歷史上的一件大事。similar adj. 意為“同樣的，類似的”，be similar to意為“與相似”，其中to為介詞，其后多接名詞或代詞例如：My watch is similar to yours.拓展：be similar in 意為“在方面相似”; be the same as 意為“與相同” They are similar in color. My coat is the same as my

13、 friends.4、 Then they provided support for the athletes and helped make the event a great success. （P 80）make the event a great success意為“使本屆特奧會取得很大的成功”，make +sb./sth. + 名詞結(jié)構(gòu)，其中the event是make的賓語，a great success為其賓語補(bǔ)足語例如：Hard life makes the boy a man. 艱苦的生活使這個男孩成為一個男子漢 We made Tom our monitor.拓展：make

14、后還以接省略to的動詞不定式、形容詞、過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。 Dont make the boy cry anymore. The boy often makes his mother angry. I cant make myself understood in Chinese.5、 I was the swimming coach for a young boy from. （P 81）coach此處為可數(shù)名詞，意為“教練”，復(fù)數(shù)形式為coachescoach還可用作及物動詞，意為“訓(xùn)練，指導(dǎo)”。coach還可用作可數(shù)名詞，意為“客車，長途汽車”。例如：He is a football c

15、oach. Could you help coach a football team for little kids? I will take a coach to Nanjing.6、 He was born with intellectual disabilities.（P 81）be born with.意為“生來具有”例如：He was born with a weak body. 他生來體弱。7、 To Li Hai, the most important thing is not to win a gold or a silver, but to take part. （P 81）

16、notbut意為“不是，而是”。例如：Jims father is not a teacher but a doctor.The book is not hers but mine.gold此處用作可數(shù)名詞，意為“金牌”。例如：He won many golds.拓展：gold還可用作不可數(shù)名詞，意為“黃金，金子”；gold用作形容詞時，意為“金黃色的，金質(zhì)的”。 How much gold do you have 你有多少黃金 The girl with a gold watch is Mary. 那個戴金表的女孩是瑪麗。8、 He feels more confident now beca

17、use of the Special Olympics World Games. （P 81）confident adj. 此處意為“自信的”，可以作表語或定語。其常見搭配有：be confident of sth. 意為“對有信心”；be confident + that從句意為“確信，對有信心”。例如：He is a confident person. Mary is confident of passing the exam. = Mary is confident that she can pass the exam.9、 You get to help them achieve th

18、eir dreams （P 81） get to do sth. 此處意為“有機(jī)會做某事，得到做某事的機(jī)會”。例如：He got to take part in the Olympics. He got to try out his new idea. get to sb.還表示“使某人惱怒或生氣，影響某人”。例如：Dont let them get to you. 不要讓他們影響你。10、 I know some people offer to help without getting paid for the event.（P 82）offer to do sth.意為“主動提出做某事”。

19、例如：Mary offered to help me with my English.拓展：offer sth.提供某物；offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. He offered some advice. They offered us hot water.= They offered hot water to us.11、 Did Li Hai win first prize (P82)first prize意為“一等獎”，當(dāng)序數(shù)詞表示名詞時，其前的定冠詞通?？梢允÷浴＠纾篐e won third prize at last.prize此處為可數(shù)名詞，意為

20、“獎品，獎金，獎賞”，win the prize意為“獲獎”，常常指在比賽中獲勝時或有特殊貢獻(xiàn)時所得的獎勵。例如：He received the Nobel Prize for peace. 他獲得了諾貝爾和平獎。12、 What are the Special Olympics World Games for (P83)Whatfor?意為“為什么”。例如：-What are you here for? -To meet my uncle.辨析：whatfor與whyWhatfor為什么用于詢問目的或用途，一般用動詞不定式或for介詞短語等回答，不能用because回答,例：-What do

21、 you want a basket for? -I want to buy some apples.why為什么側(cè)重詢問原因，一般用because作答,例：-Why were you late for school? -Because I missed the early bus.Part Four Grammar重點全解1、 Do you have any trouble talking to people with intellectual disabilities（P 85）have trouble (in) doing sth. 意為“做某事費力（或有麻煩）”。例如：I have s

22、ome trouble (in) working out the problem.拓展：trouble是不可數(shù)名詞，前面可用no, much, some, a little, little等詞修飾，介詞in通常省略。例如：He has no trouble learning English. 和have trouble doing sth. 類似的短語還有：have difficulty doing sth.做 某事有困難；have problems doing sth.做某事有問題；have fun doing sth.= have a great time doing sth.做某事很開心

23、 have trouble with sth.某事有麻煩；have difficulty with sth.在某事上遇到困難；例如：The girl had problems with her health last week.2、 donate blood （P 86）donate此處用作及物動詞，意為“捐獻(xiàn)”，donate sth. to sb. 意為“把某物捐給某人”。例如：You can donate the books to the children in poor areas.拓展：donate還可用作不及物動詞，意為“捐獻(xiàn)”; donation名詞，意為“捐助，捐贈物”，當(dāng)意為“

24、捐贈物”時，是可數(shù)名詞；當(dāng)意為“捐助”時，是不可數(shù)名詞。例如：He has a lot of money, but he doesnt want to donate. They received many donations from the government. The donation is about 10,000 dollars. blood此處用作不可數(shù)名詞，意為“血，血液”。例如：Blood is thicker than water. There is some blood on the ground.拓展：blood type血型；make a blood test 驗血；i

25、n cold blood 殘忍地；make sb.s blood freeze 使某人極度恐懼It is adj. to do sth.句型1、 It is + 形容詞+ 動詞不定式動詞不定式作主語時，為了保持句子的平衡，常常用it作形式主語（it 無詞義），而把真正的主語即動詞不定式后置。例如：To learn English well is not easy. = It is not easy to learn English well.2、 It is + 形容詞+ for sb. + 動詞不定式若要說明動詞不定式的動作是誰做的，可在動詞不定式前加for sb.，其中sb.與不定式存在邏

26、輯上的主謂關(guān)系。此句型中的形容詞與事物的特征有關(guān)，表示客觀情況。常見的這類形容詞有：easy, difficult, hard, dangerous, possible, interesting等。例如：Its necessary for the students to do eye exercises twice a day.句中的it是形式主語，for the students 是動詞不定式短語to do eye exercises的邏輯主語。拓展：It is + 形容詞 + that 從句在這個句型中，it是形式主語，代替that引導(dǎo)的從句。此句中可以改為that引導(dǎo)的主語從句。例如：I

27、t is meaningful that we donate money to charities. = That we donate money to charities is meaningful.3、 It is + 形容詞+ of sb. + 動詞不定式如果該句型中的形容詞是kind, nice, right, wrong, clever, polite, rude, foolish等描述行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的，則應(yīng)在動詞不定式前加一個of引導(dǎo)的名詞或代詞短語加以說明，表示陳贊或責(zé)備、批評等。例如：Its very nice of you to help me.Part Five Int

28、egrated/ Study skills重點全解1、 South-west China.（P 87）South-west China 專有名詞，意為“中國西南地區(qū)”。例如：He lives in South-west China.拓展：south-west 可用作形容詞，意為“西南方的”。例：A warm south-west wind was blowing. south-west還可用作名詞，意為“西南方”，常與定冠詞the連用。例：The house faces the south-west. south-west還可作副詞，意為“向西南”。例：The window faces sou

29、th-west.2、 In this way, they can help the local people improve their lives.（P 88）in this way意為“這樣，以這種方式”；in a way 意為“在某種程度上”。例如：In this way, you can work out the problem. In a way, you are right.3、 We use the method when we want to use some specific examples to lead to our main ideas.（P 89）lead to 意

30、為“導(dǎo)致，引起”，其中to為介詞，后跟名詞或代詞。例如：Smoking can lead to lung cancer. An ordinary cold can soon lead to a fever.一般的感冒會很快引起發(fā)燒。Part Six Task1、 He has been ill in hospital since last month.（P 90）be in hospital意為“生病住院”；in the hospital意為“在醫(yī)院”，可以指在醫(yī)院工作或看望病人等。例如：The old man was ill in hospital last week. My father

31、works in the hospital far away.2、The doctor says that he has a serious blood disease.（P 90）disease此處為可數(shù)名詞，意為“疾病”。例如：He was born with a heart disease.辨析：disease, illness與sicknessdisease病，疾病通常指具體的“疾病”，此時為可數(shù)名詞；有時指疾病的總稱，此時為不可數(shù)名詞,例：Disease is usually caused by germs(病菌). illness病很少指具體的疾病，只表示抽象的疾病和生病的狀態(tài),例

32、：Because of illness, she didnt go to school.sickness病可泛指身體不適，還特指嘔吐、暈船、暈車等,例：Rough seas caused much sickness among the passengers. 咆哮的海浪使許多乘客嘔吐。3、 They do not have enough money for such an operation.（P 90）辨析：such與sosuch形容詞，用來修飾名詞+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) +形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)so副詞，用來修飾形容詞或副詞+形容詞/副詞 +形容詞+a/an+可

33、數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+many/ few/ much/ little(少)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞例如：They are such useful books. He is so clever. There are so many people in the room.4、 Otherwise, he may lose his life. (P90)lose ones life意為“失去生命，喪生”。例如：Many people lost their lives because of smoking.拓展：lose heart灰心喪氣 Dont lose heart. Youll learn Engli

34、sh well. lose oneself迷路；沉湎于 He lost himself in reading. lose ones way迷路，相當(dāng)于get lost The boy lost his way and cried on the street.短語和句型歸納短語歸納141. provide sth. for sb. 為某人提供某物2. some more 再來一些3. be born with 生來具有4. donate blood 獻(xiàn)血5. be made up of 又組成6. according to 根據(jù)7. as soon as possible盡快8. lead to

35、 導(dǎo)致9. homeless people 無家可歸的人10. receive training 接受培訓(xùn)11. the swimming coach 游泳教練12. give a helping hand 伸出援助之手13. achieve ones dream 實現(xiàn)某人的夢想14. notbut 不是，而是15. get paid 付酬勞16. give a seat to sb. 給某人讓座17. make friends with sb. 與某人交朋友18. drop litter everywhere 亂丟垃圾19. keep in touch 保持聯(lián)系20. notany more

36、 不再21. get well again 恢復(fù)健康句型歸納1. feel like + n./doing sth. 想要某事/做某事，感覺像某物/做某事2. expect to do sth. 期待做某事3. offer to do sth.主動做某事4. thats why從句 那是的原因5. make sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事6. take action to do sth. 采取行動做某事7. get to do sth. 有機(jī)會做某事單元知識大過關(guān)一、根據(jù)首字母或漢語提示寫出單詞。1. If you have a _(機(jī)會) to go, take it.2. Do yo

37、u know the saying, “Practice makes _(完美的).”3. She went to Beijing with the _(目的) of learning from the teachers there.4. He is here in body, but not in _(精神).5. Shall I _(記錄) what he says?6. Its too (危險的) for the kids to play in the street.7. The poor man had two major (手術(shù)) in two weeks. 8. Its m for

38、 students to study hard.9. Im e a call from him soon.10. Shes the c of the volleyball team.11. She lost a lot of b in the accident.12. After a brief (介紹) by the chairman, the meeting began.13. Mr. Black has a big family to (供養(yǎng)).14. We should know people from different (背景).15. The boys do basketball

39、 t at least twice a week.二、翻譯下列短語。1. 伸出援助之手 2. 一個老年人 3. 盡可能快 4. 生來具有 5. 根據(jù) 6. 聽說 7. 參加 8. 導(dǎo)致 9. 和相似 10. 由組成 11. 獻(xiàn)血 12. 付酬勞 13. 例如 14. 用這種方式 15. 不再 3、 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. We should try our best to help the _(able) people. 2. As an _(experience) teacher, he always has ways to make his class lively.3. Mr. K

40、ings son has come to China for_(far) study.4. The old men do exercises every day to improve their_(fit).5. The government should do something to help those_(home) people.6. Fund-raising events are _ (meaning) to organize.7. Its_ (help) to learn English well.8. Its _ (sadness)for poor children that t

41、hey cant go to school.9. I dont think it is easy_ (finish) the work in one hour. 10. _ (walk)on the moon is harder than on the earth.4、 單項選擇。( ) 1. 1._ is wrong to copy other students homework.A. This B. That C. It D. There( )2.It is bad for your eyes_ computer games too much.A. plays B. to play C.

42、play D. to playing( )3. _ go to the theatre together with me?Good idea.A. How about B. Why do you C. Why not D. What about( )4. Simon lived in Beijing _the years 2002-2004 A. during B. between Cin D. at ( )5. Although he was a child, he tried to find ways _ people _ life more. A. to help ; enjoy B.

43、help ; enjoy C. to help ; enjoying D. help ; enjoying( )6. How many members are there on the team?Eight this term. But there will be ten_ next term. Im not quite sure.A. at all B. at last C. at least D. at once( )7.What do you think of tomorrows football match?_ difficult for us_ the match.A. Were;

44、to win B. Were; winning C. Its; to win D. Its; winning( )8.Harry Potter is an_ book for children, but my cousin doesnt seem at all_ in it.A. interesting; interesting B. interested; interested C. interesting; interested D. interested; interesting( )9.Is your brother a League member?Yes, he_ the Leagu

45、e three years ago. He_ a League member for three yearsA. joined; has been B. has joined; has been C. was joined; is D. joined; was( )10. I_ a newspaper _ the telephone rang last night.A. read; while B. was reading; when C. read; when D. was reading; while (    ) 11. I have two e-friends. O

46、ne is from the USA,_ is from the UK.A. the other B. other C. others D. another( )12. We are happy to have our _ holiday, because seven days _ a long time to have a picnic. A. seven-days, is B. seven-day, is C. seven-day, are D. seven-days, are( )13.Well stay at the school for _ five months. A. anoth

47、er B. at least C. over D. A,B and C( )14.Its _ for students to learn English well. Which word cant be used here? A. useful B. important C. necessary D. impossible( )15.The moon shone brightly in _ the window.A. out B. out of C. through D. within( )16.We can put two words together to create new words

48、. Which one of the following cannot be put together with“l(fā)ife”A. time B. wild C. style D. happy( )17. where is Amy? I saw her_ computer games in the computer room just now.A. play B. played C. to play D. playing( )18.Dont speak_ a loud voice in class.A. at B. with C. in D. to use( )19.Can you _ some

49、body outside the window?A. hear B. listen C. hear about D. heard( )20.Do you know_A. where the singers fromB. where do the singers come fromC. where the singers are fromD. where are the singers from( )21. All of us found _ hard to work out the maths problem. A. that B. its C. how D. it( )22. Im thinking about _ it. Its a good chance _ about working together.A. joining, to learn B. joining, learn C. to join, learn D. to join, to learn( )23. Its wise _ you _ a map and a mobile phone.A. for, to take B. of, to take C. for, taking D. of, taking( )