2020九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)全冊(cè)Unit4IusedtobeafraidofthedarkSectionA

1、Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark. Section A知識(shí)梳理1. I used to be afraid of the dark.我過(guò)去害怕黑暗。used to 表示“過(guò)去常常做”，其后接動(dòng)詞原形，否定形式didn ' t use to 或usedn' t to。如：I used to walk after supper.我過(guò)去常常晚飯后散步。I didn ' t use to walk after supper.=I usedn ' t to walk after supper.巧記 used to doused

2、to過(guò)去常常，后邊動(dòng)詞原形來(lái)幫忙。否定 didn' t/usedn ' t,didn ' t出現(xiàn)更經(jīng)常。辨析： used to do,be used to doing 與 be used to doused to do意為“過(guò)去常?！?，表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作。如 ：He used to get up late.他過(guò)去起得很晚。be used to sth./doing意為“習(xí)慣于”。如：We are used to reading English in.the morning.我們習(xí)慣于早上讀英語(yǔ)。I am used to his class.我習(xí)慣他的課了。be used t

3、o do意為 被用于，為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?？梢杂?be use for doing代替。如：The writing brush is used to draw.=The writing brush is used for drawing.畫(huà)筆是用來(lái)繪畫(huà)的。2. She was always silent in class.她在課堂上總是很安靜。silent adj. 安靜的。其名詞形式為silence 。常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)為 keep silent 。如：The "e" in "time" is a silent letter. time中的 e 不發(fā)音。When we

4、see someone doing something bad,we can ' t keep silent.看到有人做壞事，我們不能沉默。辨析：silent 與 quietquiet"靜止的、寧?kù)o的、沒(méi)有激動(dòng)、煩惱、憂(yōu)慮的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)沒(méi)有擾亂，沒(méi)有興奮活動(dòng)或鬧聲的“寧?kù)o”或“心神安逸”。如：Ask the children to make less noise and keep quiet. 讓孩子們小點(diǎn)聲，保持安靜。silent"聲音極小的、沉默的、寡言的”。如 ：John is a silent,thoughtful boy.約瀚是個(gè)不愛(ài)講話(huà),喜歡思考的孩子。Th

5、e house was silent because everyone was asleep.房子里很安靜，所有的人都睡著了。3. She still plays thefrom time to time.她依舊不時(shí)地彈奏。from time to time 為介詞短語(yǔ)，意為"時(shí)不時(shí)地"。同義詞組為sometimes,at time 。例如：The temper gets the best of him from time to time.他有時(shí)控制不住自己的脾氣。From time to time he fired questions at me.他不時(shí)向我提出許多問(wèn)題。

6、歸納有關(guān)time的短語(yǔ)：on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí)；in time 及時(shí);all the time 一直;kill the time消磨時(shí)間have a good time玩得開(kāi)心、;once upon a time 從前;彳艮久彳艮久以前4. It ' s been three years since we last saw our primary school classmates.距離我們最后次見(jiàn)至U小學(xué)同學(xué)已經(jīng)三年了。 該句型是:It is(has been)+時(shí)間+since+持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)，表示“自從以來(lái)到現(xiàn)在已有多久。”例如：It has been quite some t

7、ime since I was last in London.我上次離開(kāi)倫敦至今頗有段時(shí)間了。還可用于句型:It was+時(shí)間+since+持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示“從到過(guò)去某時(shí)間點(diǎn)以來(lái)”。例如 ：It was three years since we had been here.那時(shí)我們?cè)谶@已呆了 三年。(2)since作為介詞，后接某一確定的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài) 或過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)連用。例如：He left the village in 1982 and I haven' t seen him since then.1982年他離開(kāi)這

8、個(gè)村子，從那以后我再?zèng)]見(jiàn)過(guò)他。She' s been working in a bank since leaving school.她畢業(yè)后就一直在一家銀行工作。歸納 since還可作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句若since引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)是終止性動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)，則從句表示的時(shí)間是“從動(dòng)作開(kāi)始的那一時(shí)刻起”。例如：He has studied very hard since he came to our school.自從他來(lái)到我們學(xué)校，他學(xué)習(xí)就非常努力。若since引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表示狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式時(shí)，則從句表示的時(shí)間是“從動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時(shí)算起”。例如：I hav

9、en ' t heard any noise since I slept. sleep為持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，sleep 的動(dòng)作結(jié)束時(shí),即"醒來(lái)”時(shí),所以這句應(yīng)譯為“我醒后還未聽(tīng)到任何聲音”。5. Yeah,his face always turned red when he talked to girls!是的。當(dāng)他和女孩子交談的時(shí)候臉就會(huì)變紅。turn=become用作系動(dòng)詞，意為“變得"，后接形容詞。例如：In autumn the leaves turn yellow.秋天樹(shù)葉變黃。turn還作名詞，意為“順序，輪流”。It ' s one' s tu

10、rn to do sth.輪到某人做某事。例如 ：It ' s your turn to make a decision.是你做決定的時(shí)候了。take one ' s turn to do sth.=do sth. in turn=do sth. by turns輪流做某事。例如 ：The nurses attended the patient in turn/by turns.=The nurses took turns to attend the patient.醫(yī)生輪流給病人檢查。辨析：turn,get 與become者B表示"變"become可與形容

11、詞和名詞連用。例如 ：What do you have to do to become a pilot?人們需要做些什么才能成為飛行員？Richard became aware of the gravity of the situation.理查德開(kāi)始意識(shí)到情況的嚴(yán)重性。get與形容詞連用，也可以用在lost,broken,dressed,married等過(guò)去分詞的前面。例如 ：It was getting very dark. 天越來(lái)越黑了。（4E正式）You get younger every day.你越來(lái)越年輕了。（非正式）有時(shí)可以用get加動(dòng)詞不定式來(lái)表示逐漸變化。After a f

12、ew weeks I got to like the job better.幾個(gè)星期以后，我逐漸地更喜歡這個(gè)工作了。turn大多用于看得見(jiàn)的或人人注目的狀態(tài)上的變化。常.用在表示顏色的詞之前。例如 ：She turned bright red and ran out of the room.她的臉一紅，就跑出了屋子。易錯(cuò)警醒通常不用become來(lái)談?wù)撚心康牡男袆?dòng)。Please get ready now.現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)作好準(zhǔn)備。不能說(shuō)：Please become ready now.6. I used to see him reading in the library every day.以前我每.天

13、都見(jiàn)他在圖書(shū)館里讀書(shū)。see sb. doing sth. 表示“看到某人正在做某事"，強(qiáng)調(diào)”動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行“。如：I saw her cleaning the classroom.我看到她正在掃打教室。（強(qiáng)調(diào)正在做某事）而see sb. do sth. 表示“看到某人做某事了”，強(qiáng)調(diào)看見(jiàn)誰(shuí)做過(guò)什么事。如 ：I saw her clean the classroom.我看到她打掃教室了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)做過(guò)這件事)可用于這兩種結(jié)構(gòu)的此類(lèi)詞還有：see,watch,look at,notice,hear,listen to,feel等。易錯(cuò)警醒see sb. do 的do 是省略to的不定式，但是

14、，如果變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)，to不省略。例如：He was seen to go into that room.有人看見(jiàn)他進(jìn)入刃B個(gè)房間了。7. I interviewed 19-year-old Asian pop star Candy Wang.我采訪(fǎng)了 19歲的亞洲流行歌星Candy Wang。(1)interview 作動(dòng)詞，本身也可作名詞"采訪(fǎng)"，其名詞形式為interviewer采訪(fǎng)者一 interviewee被采訪(fǎng)者。例如：I caught the chance to interview Chris Hani about this issue.我抓住機(jī)會(huì)就這一問(wèn)題采訪(fǎng)了克

15、里斯哈尼。When I went for my first interview for this job I arrived extremely early.在參加這份工作白初次面試時(shí)，我到得非常早。(2)19-year-old由連字符的名詞，構(gòu)成的形容詞，此時(shí)名詞都用單數(shù)形式。例如：I have a 6-year-old sister.我有個(gè)六歲的妹妹。My grandfather had his 89-year birthday.我的爺爺過(guò)了 89 歲的生日。易錯(cuò)警醒復(fù)合形容詞中單詞與單詞之間要有連字符。復(fù)合形容詞中的名詞只能用原形。復(fù)合形容詞在句子中只作定語(yǔ)，不作表語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。復(fù)合形容詞前

16、通常還有冠詞、指示代詞、不定代詞、名詞所有格、形容詞性物主代詞等修飾語(yǔ)。(3)Asian adj.亞洲的；亞洲人的n. 亞洲人。例如：An Asian is a person born or living in Asia.亞洲人是指出生或居住在亞洲的人。Break Asian records and set sights on world level in sports.在體育方面沖出亞洲，走向世界。歸納各大洲、各大洲的人亞洲歐洲美洲非洲大洋洲AsiaEuropeAmericaAfricaAustraliaAsianEuropeanAmericanAfricanAustr alian8. Ca

17、ndy told me that she used to be really shy and took up singing to deal with her shyness.坎迪告訴我她過(guò)去真的很害羞，于是通過(guò)唱歌來(lái)應(yīng)付她的羞怯。.(1)take up sth.=take sth. up "拿起，開(kāi)始從事某事(尤指職業(yè))”。例如：She has taken up a job as a teacher.He left a job in the city to take up farming.歸納 take up的用法占，占地方That big table takes up too m

18、uch room.Learning English takes up a lot of my time.她當(dāng)上教師了。他辭去城市的工作，開(kāi)始務(wù)農(nóng)。那張大桌子占的地方太大了。學(xué)英語(yǔ)占了我許多時(shí)間。開(kāi)始從事He had studied Japanese for a year and a half before he took up English.他開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)之前已經(jīng)學(xué)一年半日語(yǔ)了。討論We will take the next lesson up tomorrow.我們明天將要討論下一課。從事；經(jīng)手The teacher took up the lesson where she stopped

19、.老師從昨天留下的部分開(kāi)始講。讓乘客上車(chē)；接納The bus stopped to take up the students.公共汽車(chē)停下來(lái)，讓這些學(xué)生上車(chē)。(2)deal with意義很廣，常表示“對(duì)付、應(yīng)付、處理、安排、論述、涉及”等。如 ：They could properly deal with all kinds of situations.他們能恰當(dāng)?shù)貞?yīng)付各種局面。辨析：deal with 和 do withdo with 與deal with 都可作"處置”講。 do with 常與連接代詞 what連用，而deal with 常與連接副詞 how連用，如：I don

20、' t know how they deal with the problem.=I don ' t know what _ they do with the problem. 我不知 道他們?nèi)绾翁幚磉@個(gè)問(wèn)題。上面兩句，介詞with的賓語(yǔ)都是the problem,而deal是不及物動(dòng)詞，不帶賓語(yǔ),do是及物動(dòng)詞，其賓語(yǔ)是連接代 詞 what。再如：He is easy to deal with.=He is easy to do with.他是容易相處的人。這對(duì)白d do和deal都是不及物動(dòng)詞,to deal with 和to do with是反射式不定式，其邏輯上的賓語(yǔ)是

21、句子的主9. As she got better,she dared to sing in front of her class,and then for the whole school.隨著她的狀況有所好轉(zhuǎn)，她敢于在全班同學(xué)面前唱歌。(1)dare用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)意為“敢于”，其后多接帶to 的不定式，有時(shí)to 也可省去(尤其是在否定句或疑問(wèn)句)，可用于非謂語(yǔ)形式，完成時(shí)態(tài)等。例如： Did he dare (to) tell her?他敢告訴她嗎？The boy stood before the teacher,not daring to look up.這個(gè)小男孩站在老師面前不敢抬頭。I

22、 ' ve never dared (to) ask her.我從來(lái)不敢問(wèn)她。拓展：dare可用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意思是“敢”，其后接動(dòng)，形，通常只用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句以及if或whether之后，一般不用于肯定句。例如 ：Dare you tell her the truth?你敢告訴她事實(shí)真相嗎 ？I don ' t know whether he dare try.我不知他是否敢試一試。I daren ' t ask her for a rise.我不敢要求她加薪。(2)for表目的“為了”。如：What did you do that for?你干嗎這樣

23、做 ？That' s what we ' re here for.這正是我們來(lái)的目的。易錯(cuò)警醒 在通常，f#況下，英語(yǔ)不用 for doing sth.來(lái)表示目的。如：他去那兒看他叔叔。誤:He went there for seeing his uncle.正:He went there to see his uncle.但是，若一個(gè)動(dòng)名詞已名詞化，則可與for 連用表目的。如：He went there for swimming.他去那兒游泳。(swimming已名詞化)10. Now she ' s not shy anymore and loves singin

24、g in front of crowds.現(xiàn)在她不再害羞,喜歡在眾人面前唱歌。not. anymore 也等于 not.any more 或 no more,意思是“不再"。 例如 :The baby no more cried.=The baby didn ' t cry any more.這個(gè)小孩不再哭了。辨析： no more,not.any more,no longer 與 not. any longerno longer(=not.any longer),主要用來(lái)表示時(shí)間或距離的"不再”，意在對(duì)現(xiàn)在的情況和過(guò)去的情況加以比較，所以多用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)。它一般修飾延

25、續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示某個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)不再延續(xù)下去。例如 ：You are no longer a child.=You ar en' t a child any longer.你已不再是個(gè)孩子了。I don ' t work here any more. (=I no longer work here.)我不在這里工作了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去情況不再延續(xù))no more(=not.any more),主要用來(lái)表示數(shù)量和程度，一般常修飾短暫性動(dòng)詞，指某動(dòng)作不再重復(fù)發(fā)生，它所表達(dá)的是never again 或“沒(méi)有更多"白含義。例如 ：He is no more a student尸He

26、is not a student any more.他不再是學(xué)生了。I s ee him no more. （=I don ' t see him any more.）我不再見(jiàn)到他了。（指動(dòng)作的次數(shù)）11. She explained that there are many good things,like being able to travel and meet new people all the time.她解釋說(shuō)有許多美好的事情，像能夠去旅游和不斷結(jié)交新朋友。be a ble to 意為"能；會(huì)"，相當(dāng)于can,此時(shí)的able是形容詞，動(dòng)詞be有各種形式及

27、變化。例如：You must be able to speak French for this job.干這項(xiàng)工作你得會(huì)說(shuō)法語(yǔ)。Will you be able to cure him,Doctor?醫(yī)生，你能把他治好嗎 ？辨析： be able to 與 canbe able to強(qiáng)調(diào)通過(guò)努力而獲得的能力，而can則強(qiáng)調(diào)自身已具有的能力。如：She can sing the song in English.她能用英語(yǔ)唱這首歌。He will be a ble to sing this song in English in a few minutes,too.幾小時(shí)之后，他也能用英語(yǔ)唱這首歌。

28、be able to強(qiáng)調(diào)一種結(jié)果，而can只強(qiáng)調(diào)一種可能。如：Luckily,he was able to escape from the big fire in the end.幸運(yùn)的是，他終于逃出了大火。If he got here a few hours earlier,I could save him.要是他早幾小時(shí)來(lái)，我還能救他。be able to可以有各種時(shí)態(tài)；而can只有一般現(xiàn)在和一般過(guò)去兩種時(shí)態(tài)。如：I could help you last night,but you didn' t come.昨天晚上我能幫你，而你又沒(méi)來(lái)。Can you see it there?

29、你能看見(jiàn)它在那兒?jiǎn)?？He is/was/will be able to help you.他能幫你的忙。can可用于表示可能性，推測(cè)，允許等情況，而be able to通常不這樣用。The man can' t be my teacher.那個(gè)人不可能是我的老師。易錯(cuò)警醒can有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)為人或物皆可，而be able to只接不定式的主動(dòng)形式，不接表示被動(dòng)的不定式 也不可用無(wú)生命的名詞作主語(yǔ)。例如 ：The work is able to be done by him.（誤）He “is able to do the work.（ 正）9（超典例精析例 1 How does Jack usually go to work?He drive a car,but now he there to lose weight.A. used to;is used to walkB. was used to;is used to walking