牛津上海八下 8B Unit3 Electricity 知識點(diǎn)梳理

1、 8B Unit 3 ElectricityP311. energy n. 能量;活力;精力energetic a. 精力充沛的 e.g. He is full of energy. =He is energetic.2. electricity n. 電electric a. 電的；用電的electrical 關(guān)于電的electronic a. 電子的-electrician n. 電工；電器技師e.g. Electricity is very important to us. 電對我們很重要。每一件電器名稱都用electric，如：electric lights 電燈/ fans 風(fēng)扇/

2、kettles 水壺/ rice cookers 電飯煲/ iron.電熨斗電器設(shè)備總稱：electrical appliances =electrical machines e.g. There are many electrical appliances in my home.帶電子的用electronic: an electronic watch an electronic dictionary 電子詞典/ calculatorP321. change into=turnintov. 把變成. - changeable a. -exchange v. 交換2. different kin

3、ds of energy n. 不同種類的能量 -difference(s) n.-be different from3. kind n. 種類=sort =type a. 友善的；仁慈的 be kind to sb.=be friendly to sb.（賓格）4. heat energy n. 熱能 moving energy n. 動能5. move v. 移動；搬動；使感動-moved a. 被感動的-moving a. 感人的 e.g. The film was so moving that we were moved. 這部電影如此感人，我們都被感動了。6. light energ

4、y n. 光能 light n. 光 ; a. 輕的；淡的7. sound energy n. 聲能 sound n. 聲音； voice n. 說話聲；嗓音；語態(tài) noise n. 噪音8. look foolish a. 看起來傻 （look后沒有介詞，后跟形容詞。look后有介詞，后跟副詞）9. foolish a. =stupid =silly 愚蠢的 -fool v. 欺騙；愚弄 n. 傻子 April Fools Day 愚人節(jié) e.g. Dont fool me. Im not a fool. I wont be fooled. 不要騙我。我不是傻子。我不會被騙的。 Its fo

5、olish of you to trust him. 你信任他是愚蠢的。10. serve v. 服務(wù)；提供service(s) n.服務(wù)servant n. 仆人；傭人 n. serve people /the customers 為人民/顧客服務(wù) good services 優(yōu)質(zhì)的服務(wù)11. someone who does housework for others n. 某一個(gè)為別人做家務(wù)的人=servant 12. danger n. 危險(xiǎn)-dangerous a. more dangerousmost dangerous e.g. Trees are in great danger.

6、 樹木正處于極大的危險(xiǎn)中。 be out of danger 脫離危險(xiǎn)P331. on a cold evening ; on the morning/ afternoon /evening of在怎么樣的早/ 中/ 晚2. buy a card for me =buy me a card buyboughtbought sellsoldsold 賣3. a packet of sweets n. 一包糖 4. someone pron. 某人；有人-anyone 任何人no one 沒有人 Somebody pron. 某人；有人-anybody任何人-nobody沒有人5. someone

7、 else 其他人6. something pron. 某物；某事-anything 任何東西-nothing 無；沒什么 nothing =not anything7. 不定代詞something；anything；nothing；放在形容詞前面 e.g. I have something important to tell you. 我有件重要的事要告訴你。Are there anything living on the moon? 月球上有活的東西嗎？There is nothing interesting in todays newspaper. 今天的報(bào)紙上沒有什么有趣的事。8. d

8、o nothing =dont do anything e.g. They found nothing in the cave. =They didnt find anything in the vave. 他們在山洞里沒有找到任何東西。9. get (=buy) me a packet of batteries =get a packet of batteries for me 給我買包電池10. please v.請；使高興-pleased a.高興的-pleasant a.愉快的；令人高興的-pleasure n.令人高興的事 e.g. Pleased to meet you. Im p

9、leased with you. 我對你很滿意。 The trip was pleasant. Its a pleasure to talk with you. 跟你談話是件高興的事。11. go out v. 外出；熄滅 gowent -gone12. laugh v. 笑；嘲笑-laughter n. 笑聲；笑 laugh at others 嘲笑別人 be full of laughter 充滿笑聲13. trick v. 哄騙；欺騙 n. 詭計(jì)；把戲；惡作劇 do magic tricks. 玩/ 變魔術(shù) play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人14. at last =fin

10、ally =in the end adv. 最后15. She doesnt even know what electricity is. 她甚至不知道什么是電。（從句用陳述的語序）16. buy electricity in packets 買袋裝的電 like 喜歡；像unlike 不像17. Do you know what electricity is? 你知道電是什么嗎？（從句用陳述的語序）18. Our physics teacher told us (that) light travels faster than sound. (一般情況下主句和從句的時(shí)態(tài)要統(tǒng)一，但從句若表示自然

11、現(xiàn)象、科學(xué)真理時(shí)，永遠(yuǎn)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。)19. flow through a wire v. 通過電線流動-flowed-flowed20. A meter measures the amount you use. 計(jì)量表測（量）出你所用的量。21. get a bill monthly adv.= every month 每月收到一張賬單 monthly a. 每月的 monthly meeting 月會22. in a way =partly 在某種程度上；從某種意義上來說23. explain v. 解釋；說明;講解-explanation n. explain to sb. e.g. D

12、ont explain it to me. I dont want to listen to your explanation. 24. bad a. 壞的；嚴(yán)重的(ill/ badly/ bad) -worseworst a bad cold 嚴(yán)重的感冒25. although/ though conj. 盡管；雖然 （不能與but連用, 但經(jīng)常跟still, yet 連用。 e.g. Although he was so tired, he still went on working.26. much+比較級 =far+比較級：什么什么得多 e.g. much taller 高得多；高很多

13、27. Electricity is much more dangerous than water. 電比水危險(xiǎn)得多。28. 替代詞one和ones的用法： one只能代替單數(shù)名詞(可數(shù)名詞)。 e.g. I dont like this cup. I like the blue one. ones替代復(fù)數(shù)名詞。 e.g. Do you want the red apples or the green ones?29. must aux. 應(yīng)該；必須；一定 mustnt 不準(zhǔn)；不能30. must be 一定是cant be 不可能是31. be careful with sth. 當(dāng)心/ 小

14、心某物-careless a. 粗心的 -carefulness n. 細(xì)心 be careful with the chemical/ vase 小心這個(gè)化學(xué)品/ 花瓶32. Can you tell me what it looks like? （從句用陳述的語序）你能告訴我它是什么樣的嗎？33. 問長相和面貌的句子：e.g. What does Betty look like?/ What is Betty like?/ How does Betty look?34. scratch his head v. 撓撓他的頭35. I have never been to America. (

15、改為一般疑問句) ：Have you ever been to America?36. invisible a. ：cannot be seen看不見的；隱形的-visible a. 看得見的；明顯地37. different forms of energy 不同形式的能量38. different forms of energy that we can see, hear or feel 我們能看得見、聽得到或摸得著的不同能量形式39. hear v.heardheard 聽見；聽到 feel v.feltfelt 感覺40. think of an example 想出一個(gè)例子 think

16、 of 想起；想到；想出thought-thought41. a light bulb 一個(gè)燈泡42. Thats right. 那是對的；說對了 Thats all right. 沒關(guān)系43. Do you know where electricity comes from? 你知道電是從哪里來的嗎？（從句用陳述的語序）44. come into our flat =enter our flat 進(jìn)入我們的公寓-entrance n. 入口45. through thin wires 通過細(xì)的電線 thin a. 細(xì)的；瘦的；薄的thinner-thinnest46. be connecte

17、d to thick wires 被連接到粗的電線；和粗電線相連 connect =join連接47. bury v. 埋葬-buried-buried48. call the thick wires cables 把這些粗電線稱為電纜49. a power station n.發(fā)電站 power n. 力量；權(quán)利-powerful a.強(qiáng)大的；有效的 e.g. Knowledge is power. 知識就是力量。50. come back v.= return 回來51. ask politely 有禮貌地問 polite a. 禮貌的；客氣的-impolite a. 不禮貌的52. gr

18、in n. ：a big smile on the face露齒而笑 v. 咧嘴笑；露齒笑grinning grinned-grinned53. There was a grin on his face. 他的臉上露齒一笑。54. battery n. batteries pl. 電池55. contain v. 包含；含有；容納 -container n. 容器56. many chemicals 許多化學(xué)物質(zhì)/ 化學(xué)品 a. 化學(xué)的-chemistry n. 化學(xué)-chemist n. 藥劑師57. produce electricity 產(chǎn)生電 produce v. 產(chǎn)生；生產(chǎn)-prod

19、uct(s) n. 產(chǎn)品58. Didnt you know that? 你難道不知道嗎？59. now =at the moment =at present= for the time being 現(xiàn)在；此刻；目前；眼下P34351. a piece of paper 一張紙 two pieces of paper 2. a sharp knife 一把尖刀 knife n.-knives pl. 3. the amount of money we need 我們需要的錢的數(shù)量4. Betty is hardworking. =Betty works hard. 貝蒂學(xué)習(xí)很努力。5. a s

20、hop assistant 營業(yè)員6. measure the room accurately 準(zhǔn)確測量這個(gè)房間7. receive a brochure 得到一本手冊 receive =get8. a travel agency 一家旅行社 agent 經(jīng)紀(jì)人9.diagram n. 示意圖；圖表；圖示10. show sth. to sb. =show sb. sth. 把某物拿給某人看 showshowed-shown11. get to Bennys flat =arrive at Bennys flat =reach Bennys flat 到達(dá)Benny的公寓12. get to

21、Shanghai =arrive in Shanghai =reach Shanghai 到達(dá)上海13. get home/ here =arrive home /here =reach home/ here 到家/ 那兒14.an evidence n. 一個(gè)證據(jù) support v. 支持 15. try to do sth. 盡力做某事 -tried-tried 16. try ones best to do sth. =do ones best to do sth. 盡某人最大的努力做某事17. successful a. 成功的-successfully adv.success n.

22、-succeed v. succeed in doing sth. 成功地做某事P361. can=be able to 能；會；可以could 2. speak more languages 講更多種語言-spokespoken (講某種語言用speak) say it +in +語言 e.g. say it in French 用法語講3. play chess v. 下棋 4. drive a car v. 開車-drove-driven5. swim v. -swam-swum 游泳6. play the guitar 彈吉他7. ski v. 滑雪 go skiing 去滑雪8. t

23、ype v. 打字typist n. 打字員-typewriter n. 打字機(jī)9. ride a bicycle v. 騎車 =cycle v. ride-roderidden P371. must 應(yīng)該；必須；一定 mustnt 不準(zhǔn)；不能2. tell people what to do =tell people what they should do 告訴他們該做什么3. tell people what not to do =tell people what they should not do 告訴他們不該做什么4. be careful with electricity 當(dāng)心電5

24、. turn it on 把它打開-turn it off 把它關(guān)掉6. turn up the radio 把收音機(jī)調(diào)響-turn down the radio 把收音機(jī)調(diào)輕7. switch on 打開-switch off 關(guān)掉 （用于電器的“開”和“關(guān)”） e.g. switch on the TV/ light 8. turn left 向左轉(zhuǎn) 9. You mustnt smoke. =Dont smoke. =No smoking. =Smoking is not allowed. =You are not allowed to smoke. 不準(zhǔn)抽煙10. admission

25、n. 入場費(fèi) -admit v. admit doing sth. 承認(rèn)做某事11. silence n. 安靜！ keep silent=keep quiet=be quiet 保持安靜12. enter v.=come/ go into 進(jìn)入-entrance n. 入口P38391. may 可以；可能-might 2. ask for permission 請求許可-permit v. 允許 permit sb. to do sth. 3. for the same reason 因?yàn)橄嗤睦碛? 原因 for this reason 因?yàn)檫@個(gè)理由/ 原因 4. for two rea

26、sons 因?yàn)閮蓚€(gè)理由5. borrow v. 借（進(jìn)） borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物6. lend sth. to sb. =lend sb. sth. 把某物借給某人 lend-lentlent7. notice sb. do/ doing sth. 注意到某人做某事P40411. do some shopping/ cooking/ reading cleaning2. best fighters against pollution 對抗污染的最好斗士3. I wonder =I want to know 我想知道4. communicate with one

27、another 互相交流-communication n.5. go off v. 響起；消失；離開6. The electricity goes off. 斷電7. an electrician 一個(gè)電工8. deal with the problem 處理這個(gè)問題-dealt-dealt9. how to deal with=what to do with 怎樣處理10. find out v. 找出；查明；弄清-found-found11. kettle n. 茶壺 12. a vacuum cleaner n. 吸塵器14. an air conditioner n. 一臺空調(diào)-air

28、-conditioned a. 有空調(diào)的15. a washing machine 一臺洗衣機(jī)16. a rice cooker 一個(gè)電飯煲17. a fridge n. 一個(gè)冰箱18. an iron n. 一個(gè)熨斗P42431. in an hour 一小時(shí)后 （劃線用how soon提問）2. all over the world =throughout the world the whole world =around the world 全世界3. have a look at sth. =take a look at sth. 看一看某物4. think about sth./ d

29、oing sth. 考慮做某事 thought-thought5. safety first 安全第一6. safety n. 安全save v. 節(jié)約；拯救safe a. 安全的safely adv. 7. give the puppy a bath 給小狗洗個(gè)澡8. lock the door 鎖上門9. look through the peephole 透過貓眼看 peephole n. 窺視孔；貓眼P44451. make rules v. 制定規(guī)則 keep the rules 遵守規(guī)則 break the rules 違反規(guī)則2. encourage sb. to do sth.

30、 v. 鼓勵某人做某事3. behave v. 表現(xiàn)；舉止；-behavior n.4. stop sb. from doing =keep/ prevent sb. from doing v. 阻止某人做某事5. the manager of an office/ a factory n. 一個(gè)辦公室/ 工廠的經(jīng)理6. manage to do sth. v. 設(shè)法做某事7. come into the office =enter the office v. 進(jìn)入辦公室8. his staff n. 他的全體職員 staff是一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)名詞+ are/ do9. find sb. doing

31、發(fā)現(xiàn)某人在做某事=see sb. doing =notice sb. doing 注意到某人在做某事10. answer the phone 聽電話 answer the door 應(yīng)門11. read comics v. 看連環(huán)漫畫 readreadread12. lean out of sp. v. 把身子探出某個(gè)地方13. immediately adv. =right now =right away =at once 立刻；馬上14. customer n. 顧客15. proper a. 適當(dāng)?shù)?；正?dāng)?shù)?-properly adv.16. ask sb. (not) to do sth. 請某人（不要）做某事17. a uniform 一套制服 corridor n. 走廊；通道P461. almost adv. 幾乎；差不多 =nearly almost后可以跟否定； nearly后不可以跟否定2. almost not =hardly adv. 幾乎不3. almost none =hardly any 幾乎沒有4. almost never =hardly ever 幾