牛津深圳版英語八年級下冊Unit3知識點語法精講精練-學(xué)案

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上Unit 3 Traditional skills 常考短語：專心-專注-專業(yè)1. paper cutting 剪紙2. set off 動身，出發(fā)3. after dark 天黑后，黃昏后4. all the time 一直，始終5. up to 到達(dá)（某數(shù)量、程度等）；至多有6. up and down 起伏，上下波動7. no more 不再，再也不8. tie.around 拴在周圍9. cut out 剪成10. in the shape of 以的形狀11. put on 穿上；上演12. close to 靠近13. put up 張貼14. a pie

2、ce of 一片，一條15. after dark 天黑后要點全解：1.used to do sth 過去常常做某事be used to do sth 被用來做某事be/get used to doing sth 習(xí)慣于做某事2.fit 形容詞健康的；動詞合適。3.set off=set out 出發(fā)，動身4.be ready for sth 準(zhǔn)備好的； be ready to do sth 準(zhǔn)備做某事5.stop . from doing sth 阻止做某事6.reach=get to=arrive at/in 到達(dá)7.attract ones attention 吸引某人的注意力8.thr

3、ow . into 把扔進(jìn)throw .away 扔掉throw.at 向扔去9.make a mistake 犯錯誤，by mistake 錯誤地，mistake A for B 把A錯認(rèn)為B10.bring up 撫養(yǎng)，教育，培養(yǎng)11.keep (sb./sth.)+adj. 使保持keep (sb./sth.) doing 使不停地做某事12.be in good/bad health 健康狀況好（不好）healthy 健康的13.voice 嗓音，常指人的嗓音、說話聲及鳥的鳴叫聲。 noise 雜聲，常指不悅耳的喧鬧聲。 sound 聲音，泛指人耳能聽到的自然界中的各種聲音，不論高低，

4、是否悅耳。She has a sweet voice. Theres too much noise here. Can you hear strange sounds from the next room?14.be made of 由制成，可以看得出原材料。 be made from 由制成，看不出原材料。 be made up of 由組成/構(gòu)成，表示某物由若干部分構(gòu)成。The doll is made up of four parts. 語法被動語態(tài)。（1）英語動詞有兩種語態(tài).，主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。如：They will b

5、uild a new bridge over the river. (主動)A new bridge will be built over the river. (被動)漢語中常用“被”、“給”、“由”、“受”等詞用來表示被動，而英語用：助動詞be + 及物動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成。（2）主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)要加“to”的情況。若賓語補(bǔ)足語是不帶to 的不定式，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，該不定式前要加"to"。此類動詞為感官動詞，如：feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch等。例如：The

6、 teacher made me go out of the classroom.I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher).（3）主動形式表示被動意義。 如 wash, clean, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell等動詞雖然用做主動形式卻表示被動的意義。例如：The food tastes good.(4) 被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化主要體現(xiàn)在be的變化上，其形式與系動詞be的變化形式完全一樣。列表如下：一般現(xiàn)在時：am / is / are + d

7、one一般過去時：was / were + done一般將來時：shall / will + be done一般過去將來時：should / would + be done現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：am / is / are + being + done過去進(jìn)行時：was / were + being + done現(xiàn)在完成時：have / has + been + done過去完成時：had + been + done練習(xí)：1. Great changes _ place. Many new schools_.A.have taken, have been opened B.take, are open C

8、.are taken, open D.have been taken, are opened2. The building _ in 1999. A. built B. is built C. was built D. build3. When _the accident _？ A. was, happen B. did. happen C. is, happen D. was, happened4.The children _ by the nurse in the kindergarten now. A. were looked B. are being looked after C. w

9、ere looked after D. are looking after5. Our classroom must _ clean A. keep B. be kept C. to keep D. to be kept6. Chinese _ by the largest number of people in the world. A. speaks B. is speaking C. are speaking D. is spoken8. The bottle on the table _ cool water. A. is covered with B. is made of C. i

10、s full of D. is changed into9. I _ to bring my book to school yesterday. A. told B. was told C. was telling D. had been told10. My clock _. Can you mend it for, ？ A. doesnt use B. isnt worked C. doesnt walk D. doesn't work11. The flowers _ well if they _. A. wont grow, don't take good care o

11、f B. don't grow, are taken good care of C. don't grow, don't take good care of D. wont grow, are not taken good care of12. Were glad that another Shenzhen underground _ very soon. A. will complete B. will be completed C. has completed D. has been completed13. The work _soon. A. will be f

12、inished B. finishes C. has finished D. will finish14. Trees _ green in spring. A.turn B. are turned C. would turn D. is turning15. Some flowers _ by Kate already. A. have been watered B. watered C. have watered D. has been wateredUnit 3 Traditional skills1、 要點概括2、 hang on 用作電話用語（其后可接a minute, a mome

13、nt, a while之類的詞），意為：等一下；別放下電話；別掛斷。1. reach 除了“到達(dá)”外，還有“伸手去夠或拿”的意思。如： Some oranges are hard to reach. The girl was short so she couldnt reach the cup on the table.【區(qū)別】get, reach和arrive get是不及物動詞，常和to連用。但當(dāng)“到達(dá)”的地點是home或副詞（here, there）時，to需要省略。如：When did you get there last night? I get home at 7:00 pm ev

14、ery day. arrive為不及物動詞，后須加上介詞in/ at才能連接表示地點的名詞。 表示到達(dá)大城市或國家時要用arrive in，而到達(dá)鄉(xiāng)村、車站等小地方則用arrive at。如：We arrived in London last week. The doctor arrived at the village at last. reach為及物動詞，其后既可以跟名詞也可跟副詞。如： I reached Beijing the day before yesterday. We reached here on foot. 1、 單詞拼寫。1. The English teachers

15、r_ the students to listen carefully.2. Lets h_ the picture on the wall.3. When he r_ Guangzhou, it was almost 11 pm.4. The books over there are on science. Waht about the r_.5. Eating much vegetable is good for you to keep f_.2、 完成句子。1. 男孩家離學(xué)校很遠(yuǎn)，所以他不得不每天一大早就出發(fā)。 The boy lives far from the school, so

16、he has to _ _ in early morning every day.2. 天黑后，人們離開辦公室回家。 _ _, people leave office and go home.3. 只要你不再吸煙，你可以更健康并活得更久。 You can be healthier and live longer, if you just smoke _ _.4. 辦公室小弟每天都很忙，我們經(jīng)常都看到他上上下下來回地跑。 The office boy is very busy every day, we often see hime run _ _ _.三、句子翻譯1. 她又高又瘦。她有著一頭黑

17、色長發(fā)。她戴著眼鏡。_2. 他非常年輕，又愛又胖，留著一頭棕色的短發(fā)。_3. 剪刀和紙被用于剪紙工藝。_【教材典句】1. No nets are required for this type of fishing.2. Cormorant fishing was once practised in lots of places in South-East China.3. A music show will be held in the school hall at 4 p.m on Tuesday, 4 May.【語法全解】英語的語態(tài)有主動和被動兩種：主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，被動語態(tài)

18、表示主語是動作的承受者。1. 基本構(gòu)成 被動語態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成形式為“助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞”。助動詞be有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)變化。 Football is played all over the world. Is it made of bamboo? 2. 基本變法（1） 將主動語態(tài)句中的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)句中的主語，主動語態(tài)句中的主語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)句中介詞by的賓語。（2） 將主動語態(tài)句中的謂語動詞變成“助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞”形式，但時態(tài)不改變。（3） 助動詞be要與新的主語保持單、復(fù)數(shù)的一致；若主語和賓語時人稱代詞時，“格”應(yīng)該作相應(yīng)的變化。如： The workers make

19、 machines in this factory. Machines are made by the workers in this factory.3. 省去by短語的幾個條件（1） 不知道、沒必要或不想說出動作執(zhí)行者時。 Rice is grown well there.（2） 強(qiáng)調(diào)說明動作的承受者。 I was sent to teach them English.（3） 漢語中有“據(jù)說，大家說”等時。 It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house.4. 各時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)（1） 一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài) 構(gòu)成：am/ is

20、/ are +過去分詞 I am often given gifts by Tom. The things on show are all made in China. Is the room cleaned every day?（2） 一般過去時的被動語態(tài) 構(gòu)成：was/ were+ 過去分詞 Jim was asked to go there. The heavy snow stopped the visitors from leaving the top of the mountain. =The visitors were stopped from leaving the top of

21、 the mountain by the heavy snow.（3） 一般將來時的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：wii be+ 過去分詞或am/ is/ are going to + be+ 過分分詞Lots of trees will be planted on the hill next year.The children wont be allowed to go out at night.Is the bridge going to be built by the workers next year? 特殊情況：復(fù)合賓語的被動語態(tài) 感官動詞和使役動詞在主動語態(tài)句中，其后的動詞不定式不帶to，但變被動

22、句時必須加上to。 The boss made her work for 10 hours a day. She was made to work for 10 hours a day.【語法練習(xí)】1. -Excuse me. Im looking for be the best of yourself. -Sorry. The book you ask for _ out. A. is selling B. is sold C. was selling D. will be sold 2. Each year quite a lot of food _ around the world. I

23、ts really time for us to do something. A. was wasted B. is wasted C. wasted D. will be wasted3. Flowers _ along the road last year. A. plant B. planted C. are planted D. were planted 4. It is said that a new museum _ in our city next year. A. builds B. is building C. was built D. will be built 5. -D

24、oes she like singing English songs? -Yes. She _ to sing English songs in her room. A. often does B. is often heard C. often hears D. often heard 簡短說話1. 假設(shè)你是表中的“我”，請根據(jù)下表的提示講述你的經(jīng)歷，并根據(jù)表格中提供的情景談?wù)撃愕母惺堋r間：April 28事情經(jīng)過：我感冒發(fā)燒，去醫(yī)院看病，遇到了英語老師， 她叫我在家里休息，還說會來我家、叫同學(xué)來我家?guī)臀覍W(xué)習(xí)。感受：？選擇正確的答案1. -Do you often clean your c

25、lassroom? -Yes. Our classroom _ every day. A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned D. is cleaning 2. A talk on developments in science and technology _ in the school hall next week. A. given B. will be given C. was given D. is given3. -Did you go to Jacks birthday party? -No, I _. A. are not invited B. was

26、nt invited C. havent invited D. didnt invite4. -Mum, can I go to the zoo with Jack? -When your homework _, you can. A. is done B. was done C. will be done D. has done5. An accident _ on this road last week. A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happeded6. She _ from China to America

27、 by plane last week. A. set up B. set off C. set for D. set of7. Its a hard work. I enjoy it _. A. though B. although C. however D. so 8. If a law or rule requires you _ something, you have to do it. A. do B. to do C. to step D. stepping9. Are you ready _ into Harry Potters world again? A. step B. f

28、or step C. to step D. stepping10. The Chinese medical workers helped the Arab woman _ every day. A. practise walking B. to practise to walk C. practise to walk D. practising walking重要單詞，詞組講解1. mean的用法What do you mean to do with it? I didnt mean to hurt you.1）mean to do意欲做This means staying here long

29、er. Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 2）mean doing意味著做He is not meant for a teacher and will always be unhappy in the school.Be meant for 適合做他說他不適合讀書因為懶。He says he _ a student for his laziness.這次考試失敗意味著要再考一次。Failing this exam _ another one.我并不是故意遲到的。I didnt _ be late for school.2. ce

30、lebrate vt.(1)  慶祝；祝賀celebrate Christmas / ones birthday / a victory (成功)(2)   贊揚；稱頌The names of many heroes are celebrated by the poets.詞語辨析：celebrate, congratulatecelebrate后常接日期,事情或場合congratulate后常接人表示為某事而祝賀某人congratulate sb. on/upon sth. ex：congratulate you on your marria

31、ge. 有時還表示私自慶幸的意思。ex：I congratulated myself on my escape from being punished. 3. 英語中表示“發(fā)生”的詞或短語均為不及物，不用于被動語態(tài)。主語為所發(fā)生的事。詞語辨析：take place, happen, occur, come about, break out的比較1） The wedding will take place tomorrow.2）In 1919, the May 4th Movement took place in China. take place發(fā)生,舉行; 側(cè)重安排或計劃而發(fā)生的事,帶有“非

32、偶然”的意思 3) What has happened to her？碰巧，恰好 happen “發(fā)生”，普通用詞，含義很廣。常指具體客觀事物或情況的發(fā)生，含有“偶然”的意味。 當(dāng)以具體事物、事件作主語時，happen 和 occur可以換用；但當(dāng)happen用作“碰巧”之意時，不能用occur代替，但可以與come about 互換。4) It happened to rain that day. 5) The traffic accident occurred on Wednesday. occur “發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)”,較正式用詞，指事情偶然地、意外地發(fā)生或思想突然浮在心頭。occur to

33、有“想起”的意思。6) The Second World War broke out in 1939. break out (火災(zāi)、戰(zhàn)爭、疾病)突然發(fā)生、爆發(fā) 7) How does it come about that you were caught by the police? come about “發(fā)生”, 往往注重事情發(fā)生的原因。且很多時候與how 連用。與happen 用法較接近 用take place , happen 和 come about 的正確形式填空1. The May 4th Movement _ in 1919.2. If anything _ to the mac

34、hine, let me know at once.3. The opening day of the play _ tomorrow night.4. Can you tell me how it _?4. starve: vt.使餓死vi.餓得要死starve to death be starved of/ starve for: 渴望她很寂寞，渴望友誼：She is lonely, starving for friendship.The motherless children were starved of/ were starving for affection. 渴望母愛他們在沙漠中

35、迷路而餓死。他們正急需一大筆錢來完成工作。They got lost in the desert and _.They are _ a sum of money to finish their work.n. starvation 餓死：die of _5. a year/ day of plenty 富裕/豐收的年月 days/ years of plenty Have we got enough apples? Yes, there are plenty in the basket. plenty of +復(fù)數(shù)n/ 不可數(shù)n plenty of eggs/ food/milk 足夠的6.

36、honour (英) /honor (美)1) 光榮，榮譽(yù)(n) They fight for the honour of the country. One must show honour to ones parents.2) in honour of 為了紀(jì)念 A festival is set in honour of the hero.3) an hounour 光榮的人或事情 Liu Xiang is an honour to our country.4) 尊敬,給以榮譽(yù)（v） Children should honour their parents. 7. satisfy vt.

37、vi. 使?jié)M意，使?jié)M足Nothing can satisfy him except the best.Some people are really hard to satisfy.sb. be satisfied with 對滿意e.g. Shes not satisfied with her new house.令人滿意的： satisfying, satisfactory滿意：satisfaction8. please vt. 使愉快，取悅It is difficult to please everybody.Our aim is to please the customers.pleas

38、ed (人) 高興的愉快的Pleasing (物) 令人愉快的pleasant (物) 好聽的，令人舒服的pleasure 高興的事情聽到她悅耳的聲音我們很高興.We are _ to hear her _voice. It is such a _ to us.I was very _ to hear the news.The news was very _ to us.9. harm n 損害，傷害e.g. He meant no harm to you. ( He didnt intend to hurt you.) do sb harm =do harm to sb=harm sbThe

39、 events has harmed the relations between the two countries. 10. They offer food, flowers and gift. 詞語辨析：offer, provide, supply offer 主動提供。offer sth to sb; offer sb sthprovide 供給（所需物，尤指生活必需品）。 provide sth (for sb); provide sb with sth.supply: 供應(yīng)（所需要或所要求之物）。supply sth to sb; supply sb with sth When I

40、meet difficulty, my roommates will_me help. 他們懸賞找回丟失的珠寶。 They_a reward for the return of the lost jewels. 政府得提供這些老人們吃穿。 The government need to_these old people with food and clothes. 每個月都得供應(yīng)足夠的電。 Electricity should be _enough every month. 11. in memory of = to the memory of sb The museum was built i

41、n memory of the famous scientist.in honor of in charge of in search of sb. / sth. 12. dress up 盛裝打扮，化裝打扮 You dont have to dress up. Come as you are.Children love dressing up in Halloween.dress oneself 給某人自己穿衣dress sb 給某人穿衣服你認(rèn)識穿著白色裙子的那個女孩嗎？Do you know the girl who is dressed in a white skirt?Do you k

42、now the girl who is wearing a white skirt?Do you know the girl who has on a white skirt?選詞填空：wear dress have on put on1. My daughter is now able to herself.2. Mr. Wu always a blue coat in Winter.3.Xiao Wang a white shirt today.4.I like to my hat when I go out in Winter.13. award n. 獎品，獎項，獎金, 助學(xué)金 She

43、 showed us the awards she had won.Mary got an award and was able to finish her study.vt. 授予裁定award sb sth= award sth to sb The judges awarded both teams equal points.reward 回報,報酬他因為努力學(xué)習(xí)而受獎。他用100塊錢酬謝這個工人。He _ for studying hard.He _ the worker with 100 yuan.14. admire sb/sth (for ) 欽佩，羨慕 They admired

44、our garden. I admire him for his success in business.我們都?xì)J佩他的勇氣和膽識。We all _his courage and bravery.admiration 名詞 admirable 形容詞15. look forward to(介詞) + n/ v-ing 盼望，期待Im looking forward to his coming.以下短語中的to也為介詞，后面加doing，而不是dopay attention to 注意 devoteto 致力于prefer to 更加喜歡 get down to 開始做be used to 習(xí)慣

45、于 -ward 向著方向 backward 向后 forward 向前16. as though= as if 好像，仿佛1. 虛擬語氣(從句所用的時態(tài)比前面真實句所用的時態(tài)倒退一個時態(tài).)He behaved as if/ though nothing had happened.He talks as if/though he knew everything.He looks as if he were ill.2. 陳述語氣（表示很可能的事實就用陳述語氣,)It looks as if/ though it is going to rain.1.）他向我招手好像有事情告訴我。 He wav

46、ed to me as if to tell me something.2.） 這女孩環(huán)顧四周好像在找什么東西。 The girl looked around as if in search of something.3.) 他說起來好像他是一個專家似的。 He talks as if he _ an expert.4.) 他英語講得很流利，就像在英國學(xué)的一樣。 He spoke English so fluently as if he _ it in England.5.) 看起來我們對要贏了。 It looks as if our team _.17. turn up1) appear 出

47、現(xiàn),露面 他到目前還沒有出現(xiàn)。He _so far.你總是遲到!(做事慢慢吞吞的)Youre always _ late for everything!2)調(diào)大聲音，把.開大點兒請把火調(diào)大一點。Please _ the fire.相關(guān)短語:turn down 關(guān)小，拒絕turn off 關(guān)掉turn on 打開 turn out 結(jié)果是turn to sb. for help 向某人求助18. keep ones word 守信用, 遵守諾言 break ones word 違背諾言in a word 簡言之 in other words 換句話說 have a word with sb. 與

48、某人交談 have words with sb. (about sth.) 關(guān)于某事與某人爭吵 我想和你談一下。Id like to _ with you.A gentleman should always _ his _.A. keeps; word B. keep; word C. keeps; words D. keep; words19. hold ones breath 屏息當(dāng)那個女孩看到那條蛇的時候，她屏住呼吸。The girl _ at the sight of the snake. take breath 呼吸 lose ones breath= be out of breat

49、h 喘不過氣來breathe v. breath n.When we got to the top of the mountain, we were nearly _. A. under our breath B. lost our breath C. caught our breath D. out of breath20. apologize 道歉 apologize to sb for (doing) sth = say sorry to sb for doing sth你必須為你的粗魯行為向老師道歉。You must apologize _ the teacher _ being so

50、 rude. apology n.make an apology to sb for (doing) sth.21. drown (drowned, drowned )浸、泡, 淹沒,淹死洪水淹沒了街道和房子。The floods _ the streets and houses.借 消愁 drown ones sorrow/sadness indrown ones sorrow/sadness in coffeeFrank tried to save the _ girl in the river, but unfortunately he was _.A. drowned; drowning B. drowning; drownedC. drowned; drowned D. drowning; drowning22. It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave. obvious