美國(guó)大學(xué)生必讀書

1、美國(guó)大學(xué)生必讀書1. Walden; Or, Life in the Woods by Henry David Thoreau A remarkable account of a man seeking a more simple life by living in harmony with nature.2. On the Origin of Species by Charles Darwin The book that revolutionized the natural sciences and every literary, philosophical and re

2、ligious thinker who followed.3. The Iliad by Homer The Iliad is one of the two great epics of Homer, and is typically described as one of the greatest war stories of all time.4. Selected Poems of Emily Dickinson  The perfect volume for readers wishing to explore the works of one

3、of Americas first poets. 5. The Art of War by Sunzi A book which should be used to gain advantage of opponents in the boardroom and battlefield alike.6. The Prince by Niccolo Machiavelli Its essential contribution to modern political thought lies in Machiavellis assertion of the then

4、revolutionary idea that theological and moral imperatives have no place in the political arena.7. Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte A superb evocation of a time and place;A a complex, detailed character study; a believable and compelling plot; and, more than anything else, a magnificent love story.

5、8. A Tales of Two Cities by Charles Dickens This story of the French Revolution brings to life a time of terror and treason, and a starving people rising in frenzy and hate to overthrow a corrupt and decadent regime.9. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain Perhaps the best-loved ninet

6、eenth-century American novel, Mark Twainas tale of boyhood adventure overflows with comedy, warmth, and slapstick energy.10. The Count of Monte Cristo by Alexandre Dumas One of the greatest tales of revenge of all time.11. War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy A s Napoleona's army invades, Tols

7、toy brilliantly follows characters from diverse backgroundsa”peasants and nobility, civilians and soldiersa”as they struggle with the problems unique to their era, their history, and their culture.12. Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson The writings featured here show Emerson as a protester against s

8、ocial conformity, a lover of nature, an activist for the rights of women and slaves, and a poet of great sensitivity.13. Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte One of literatureas most disturbing explorations into the dark side of romantic passion. Heathcliff and Cathy believe they are destined to l

9、ove each other forever, but when cruelty and snobbery separate them, their untamed emotions literally consume them.14. The Complete Works of William Shakespeare Shakespeare is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the worlds preeminent dramatist.15. Apology, Crito,

10、and Phaedo of Socrates by Plato The trial and condemnation of Socrates on charges of heresy and corrupting young minds is a defining moment in the history of Classical Athens. In tracing these events through four dialogues, Plato also developed his own philosophy, based on Socrates manifesto fo

11、r a life guided by self-responsibility.16. Symposium by Plato Plato explores, through a series of speeches, the nature and origins of love and passion.17. The Divine Comedy by Dante A moving human drama, an unforgettable visionary journey through the infinite torment of Hell, up the arduou

12、s slopes of Purgatory, and on to the glorious realm of Paradise-the sphere of universal harmony and eternal salvation.18. Paradise Lost by John Milton Considered to be the greatest epic poem in English literature. Its roots lie in the Genesis account of the worlds creation and Adam and Eves exp

13、ulsion from Eden.19. Pygmalion by George Bernard Shaw A perceptive comedy of wit and wisdom about the unique relationship between a spunky cockney flower-girl and her irascible speech professor.20. Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman “The most extraordinary piece of wit and wisdom that America

14、 has yet contributed.” â ” Ralph Waldo Emerson.21. The Works of Aristotle  Aristotles views on the physical sciences profoundly shaped medieval scholarship, and their influence extended well into the Renaissance.22. The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer The tales, some of which are

15、 originals and others not, are contained inside a frame tale and told by a collection of pilgrims on a pilgrimage from London Borough of Sout Canterbury.23. The Devils Dictionary by Ambrose Bierce Bierce was an iconoclastic literary genius and this compilation of definitions (written

16、for a satirical magazine during the 1880s) is a true American classic. Some may find Bierce sexist, nationalist and racist, but most readers will enjoy his malevolent scepticism and underlying rage against hypocrisy.24. 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea by Jules Verne A group of men set sail to solv

17、e the mystery of a sea monster in this amazing underwater adventure.25. Moby Dick by Herman Melville A masterpiece of storytelling and symbolic realism, this thrilling adventure and epic saga pits Ahab, a brooding sea captain, against the great white whale that crippled him.26. Heart of Darknes

18、s by Joseph Conrad Exploring the workings of consciousness as well as the grim realities of imperialism, Heart of Darkness tells of Marlow, a seaman and wanderer, who journeys into the heart of the African continent to discover how the enigmatic Kurtz has gained power over the local p

19、eople.27. Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson This dark psychological fantasy is also a product of its time, drawing on contemporary theories of class, evolution, criminality, and secret lives.28. Voltaires Philosophical Dictionary  A series of short, radical essays alphabeti

20、cally arranged that form a brilliant and bitter analysis of the social and religious conventions that then dominated eighteenth-century French thought.29. Candide by Voltaire In the story of the trials and travails of the youthful Candide, his mentor Dr. Pangloss, and a host of other characters

21、, Voltaire mercilessly satirizes and exposes romance, science, philosophy, religion and government.30. The Hunchback of Notre Dame by Victor Hugo An epic tale of beauty and sadness, The Hunchback of Notre Dame portrays the sufferings of humanity with compassion and power.31. Les Miser

22、ables by Victor Hugo In this story of the trials of the peasant Jean Valjeana man unjustly imprisoned, baffled by destiny, and hounded by his nemesis, the magnificently realized, ambiguously malevolent police detective JavertHugo achieves the sort of rare imaginative resonance that allows a wor

23、k of art to transcend its genre.32. Father Goriot by Honore de Balzac A masterful study of a father whose sacrifices for his daughters have become a compulsion, this novel marks Balzacs “real entrace” into La Comadie Humaine, his series of almost one hundred novels and short stories meant to de

24、pict “the whole pell-mell of civilization.”33. The Atheists Mass by Honore de Balzac Bianchon, who was with Desplein all through his last illness, dares not affirm to this day that the great surgeon died an atheist.34. Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky Dostoyevskys first masterpiec

25、e, the novel is a psychological analysis of the poor student Raskolnikov, whose theory that humanitarian ends justify evil means leads him to murder a St. Petersburg pawnbroker.35. Notes From the Underground by Fyodor Dostoevsky Violating literary conventions in ways never before attempted, thi

26、s classic tells of a mid-19th-century Russian officials breakaway from society and descent “underground”.36. Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen The story of fiercely independent Elizabeth Bennet, one of five sisters who must marry rich, as she confounds the arrogant, wealthy Mr. Darcy.37. Sense

27、 and Sensibility by Jane Austen A wonderfully entertaining tale of flirtation and folly that revolves around two starkly different sisters, Elinor and Marianne Dashwood.38. The Tao Te Ching by Laozi Reportedly written by a sage named Lao Tzu over 2,500 years ago, the Tao Te Ching is one of

28、 the most succinctand yet among the most profoundspiritual texts ever written.39. Frankenstein by Mary Shelley A scientist, Victor Frankenstein, who learns how to create life and creates a being in the likeness of man, but larger than average and more powerful40. The Complete Works of P.B.

29、 Shelley One of the major English Romantic poets and is widely considered to be among the finest lyric poets in the English language.41. Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe The old story still stands up as one of the best adventure yarns for children who are interested in tales of shipwre

30、ck.42. Moll Flanders by Daniel Defoe Defoeas excellence it is, to make me forget my specific class, character, and circumstances, and to raise me while I read him, into the universal man.43. Gullivers Travels by Jonathan Swift Shipwrecked castaway Lemuel Gullivers encounters with the petty

31、, diminutive Lilliputians, the crude giants of Brobdingnag, the abstracted scientists of Laputa, the philosophical Houyhnhnms, and the brutish Yahoos give him new, bitter insights into human behavior.44. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain Huckleberry Finn had a tough life with his

32、 drunk father until an adventure with Tom Sawyer changed everything. But when Hucks dad returns and kidnaps him, he must escape down the Mississippi river with runaway slave, Jim.45. Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes In 1651, Hobbes published his work about the relationship between the government and

33、the individual. More than four centuries old, this brilliant yet ruthless book analyzes not only the bases of government but also physical nature and the roles of man.46. Beyond Good and Evil by Friedrich Nietzsche In the book the philosopher attempts to systematically sum up his philosophy thr

34、ough a collection of 296 aphorisms grouped into nine different chapters based on their common theme.47. Thus Spoke Zarathustra by Friedrich Nietzsche This book addresses the problem of how to live a fulfilling life in a world without meaning, in the aftermath of “the death of God.” His solution

35、 lies in the idea of eternal recurrence, which he calls “the highest formula of affirmation that can ever be attained.”48. The Lifted Veil by George Eliot A dark fantasy drawing on contemporary scientific interest in the physiology of the brain, mesmerism, phrenology, and experiments in revific

36、ation, it is Eliots anatomy of her own moral philosophy.49. Sons and Lovers by DH Lawrence The first modern portrayal of a phenomenon that later, thanks to Freud, became easily recognizable as the Oedipus complex.50. Women in Love by DH Lawrence Women in Love examines the ill effects of in

37、dustrialization on the human psyche, resolving that individual and collective rebirth is possible only through human intensity and passion.51. White Fang by Jack London The story of a wolf-dog who endures great cruelty before he comes to know human kindness.52. Call of the Wild by Jack Lon

38、don This gripping story follows the adventures of the loyal dog Buck, who is stolen from his comfortable family home and forced into the harsh life of an Alaskan sled dog.53. The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe Lamenting the loss of a gentle but passionate woman, the narrator drinks, yet somberly dwel

39、ls on her name.54. The Fall of the House of Usher by Edgar Allan Poe The horrors of the Spanish Inquisition, with its dungeon of death, and the overhanging gloom on the House of Usher demonstrate unforgettably the unique imagination of Edgar Allan Poe.55. Dracula by Bram Stoker A true mast

40、erwork of storytelling, Dracula has transcended generation, language, and culture to become one of the most popular novels ever written.56. Lair of the White Worm by Bram Stoker Set in central England, the work is brimming with adventure and excitement.57. Discourse by Descartes

41、One of the few works of philosophy that absolutely every educated person needs to read at least once.58. The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes by Arthur Conan Doyle Sir Arthur Conan Doyleas Sherlock Holmes has been one of the most beloved fictional characters ever created.59. David Copperfield 

42、;by Charles Dickens The story of a young manas adventures on his journey from an unhappy and impoverished childhood to the discovery of his vocation as a successful novelist.60. Great Expectations by Charles Dickens Dickens haunting late novel depicts Pips education and development through adve

43、rsity as he discovers thetrue nature of his great expectations.61. Aesops Fables  Full of humor, insight, and wit, the tales in Aesopas Fables champion the value of hard work and perseverance, compassion for others, and honesty. They are age-old wisdom in a delicious form, for the consumption o

44、f adults and children alike.62. Beowulf by Anonymous Warriors must back up their mead-hall boasts with instant action, monsters abound, and fights are always to the death.63. Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin Few men could compare to Benjamin Franklin. Virtually self-taught, he excelled a

45、s an athlete, a man of letters, a printer, a scientist, a wit, an inventor, an editor, and a writer, and he was probably the most successful diplomat in American history.64. Common Sense by Thomas Paine Thomas Paines clear and concise writings make him one of the greatest political authors of h

46、is time.65. The Ambassadors by Henry James The most exquisite refinement of his favorite theme: the collision of American innocence with European experience.66. Daisy Miller by Henry James A novel that plays upon the contrast between American and European society that is common to Jamess w

47、ork.67. The Turn of the Screw by Henry James A tale of psychological horror as the governess struggles-and ultimately fails-to protect the children from the “corruption” that only she can conceive ofbut cannot name.68. Hero and Leander by Christopher Marlowe A Greek myth in which Hero is a

48、 priestess of Aphrodite who dwelt in a tower in Sestos.69. Hedda Gabler by Henrik Ibsen The story of its title character, Hedda, a self-centered manipulative woman who has grown tired of her marriage. To escape her boredom she begins to meddle in the lives of others with truly tragic results.70

49、. The Master Builder by Henrik Ibsen The play explores the needs of the artist in relation to those of society and the limits of artistic creativity.71. Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes Don Quixote, errant knight and sane madman, with the company of his faithful squire and wise fool, San

50、cho Panza, together roam the world and haunt readers imaginations as they have for nearly four hundred years.72. Dubliners by James Joyce In “Dubliners,” Joyces first attempt to register in language and fictive form the protean complexities of the reality of experience, he learns the paradoxica

51、l lesson that only through the most rigorous economy, only by concentrating on the minutest of particulars, can he have any hope of engaging with the immensity of the world.73. Ulysses by James Joyce To this day it remains the modernist masterpiece, in which the author takes both Celt

52、ic lyricism and vulgarity to splendid extremes. It is funny, sorrowful, and even (in a close-focus sort of way) suspenseful.74. Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man by James Joyce The novels rich, symbolic language and brilliant use of stream-of-consciousness foreshadowed Joyces later work.75.

53、 Jude the Obscure by Thomas Hardy Jude Fawley, a poor stone carver with aspirations toward an academic career, is thwarted at every turn and is finally forced to give up his dreams of a university education.76. Far From the Madding of the Crowd by Thomas Hardy A young man falls victim to h

54、is own obsession with an amorous farm girl in this classic novel of fate and unrequited love.77. Twice Told Tales by Nathaniel Hawthorne Allegorical, supernatural and symbolic themes permeate these strange tales.78. The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne A timeless tale of passion and r

55、evenge, guilt and grace, sin and redemption. It cemented Nathaniel Hawthornes reputation as Americas greatest writer of fiction.79. The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde After Basil Hallward paints a beautiful, young mans portrait, his subjects frivolous wish that the picture change and he

56、remain the same comes true. Dorian Grays picture grows aged and corrupt while he continues to appear fresh and innocent.80. Lady Windermeres Fan by Oscar Wilde Set in London, the plays action is put in motion by Lady Windermeres jealousy over her husbands interest in Mrs. Erlynne, a beautiful o

57、lder woman with a mysterious past.81. The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde Oscar Wildeas madcap farce about mistaken identities, secret engagements, and lovers entanglements still delights readers more than a century after its 1895 publication and premiere performance.82. Ivanhoe 

58、;by Sir Walter Scott The epitome of the chivalric novel, Ivanhoe sweeps readers into Medieval England and the lives of a memorable cast of characters.83. The Lady of the Lake by Sir Walter Scott Widely considered to be one of the top 100 greatest books of all time.84. The Jungle by Upton S

59、inclair One of the handful of books throughout all of history, perhaps, that have encapsulated the crying voices of the oppressed.85. The Machine by Upton Sinclair Another classic tale by Sinclair.86. The Last of the Mohicans by James Fenimore Cooper The classic tale of Hawkeye-Natty Bumpp

60、o-the frontier scout who turned his back on “civilization,” and his friendship with a Mohican warrior as they escort two sisters through the dangerous wilderness of Indian country in frontier America.87. The Deerslayer by James Fenimore Cooper This first of the Leather-Stocking Tales takes us to Lake Otsego in the beginning of the French and Indian Wars. Natty Bumppo, now called Deerslayer, and the M