論文格式要求

1、論文格式要求1論文全文采用小四號Times New Roman（12號）字體：論文題目采用小二號 Times New Roman；中文題目采用小2號宋體。一級標題（章標題）采用16號Times New Roman，分別冠以I、II、III、IV、V等序號；二級標題（節(jié)標題）14號，分別冠以1.1, 1.2、2.1, 2.2、等序號；三級標題（節(jié)以下標題）均采用12號，分別冠以、2.1.1等序號。所有標題加黑。2 論文正文采用段首縮進5個字符，單面打??；2倍行距。正文第一頁加論文題目。3正文（包括附錄和參考文獻）頁碼標注格式為阿拉伯數(shù)字1 2 3.頁碼標注在頁面底部居中。論文封面不標注頁碼。4論

2、文采用A4復(fù)印紙單面打印。上、下、右邊距為25mm；左邊距為30mm，其中10mm供裝訂。5論文裝訂次序為論文封面、論文主體（body），參考文獻、附錄（若有）。論文頁碼從正文開始。示例1：MLA格式參考文獻著錄及引述格式第一部分：正文內(nèi)引述 (In-text Citation: MLA Style)The formatting generally follows the latest Modern Language Association (MLA) style, including parenthetical references.Parenthetical documentation m

3、eans that in the text, only the authors surname and the page number is given in parentheses following the quotation or any reference to another source. If the authors name is given in the introductory statement to the quotation, only the page number is given in parentheses at （MLA一般不用腳注）The Works Ci

4、ted page contains the full name of the author, the title of the book, etc. Internet sites frequently do not have page numbers, so that only the name of the author or web site is given in parentheses. Footnotes are used sparingly, and only to give additional information not suitable to include in the

5、 text. (Julia Diterman) . MLA格式文內(nèi)摘錄一般用括號加注法：1 括號內(nèi)（作者姓氏引文頁碼），如果引文中已經(jīng)給出作者姓名，只需括號加注內(nèi)頁碼即可。例如：e.g In studying the influence of Latin American, African and Asian music on modern American composers, music historians tend to discuss such figures as Aaron Copland, George Gershwin, Henry Cowell, Alan Hovhanes

6、s, and John Cage (Brindle; Griffiths 104-39; Hitchcock 173-98這里同時引用不同作者的多篇文獻)e.g Brian Taves suggests some interesting conclusions regarding philosophy and politics of the adventure film (153-54, 171).e.g Her idea is further confirmed that “people think her odd and that nobody loves and admires her”

7、 (Fountain 33).e.g Her idea is further confirmed that “people think her odd and that nobody loves and admires her (Fountain 33).”（不規(guī)范）e.g Her idea is further confirmed that “people think her odd and that nobody loves and admires her (Fountain 33).” （不規(guī)范）2. 引用中文著作或期刊時同姓作者的情況較多，應(yīng)在括號夾注中使用他們名字的首字母加以區(qū)分，如

8、：MLA： (S.R. Wang 26) (J.X. Wang 30)3. 兩個作者時可以用 & 連接，兩個以上時可用 ，隔開. 如：e.g According to educational psychologists, raising children is a responsibility of the entire community (Franklin, Childs, & Smith 410).4. 引用團體作者的作品，括號夾注中應(yīng)使用團體的名稱，如：e.g It was apparent that the American health care system ne

9、eded “to be fixed and perhaps radically modified” (Public Agenda Foundation 4).5. 引用無作者文獻:引用無作者文獻，如果文獻標題沒有出現(xiàn)在正文里，則括號夾注中應(yīng)使用該標題或者（如果標題過長的話）使用該標題中的關(guān)鍵詞組，如:e.g An anonymous Wordsworth critic once argued that his poems were too emotional (“Wordsworth Is A Loser” 100).6.引用非直接文獻（indirect source）論文應(yīng)盡可能避免使用非直

10、接文獻（即二級文獻secondary source），但在無法找到直接文獻（即一級文獻primary source）的情況下，引文可以從非直接文獻中析出，例如：e.g Samuel Johnson admitted that Edmund Burke was an “extraordinary man” (qtd. in Boswell 2: 450). 引用整篇文獻（即全書或全文）觀點時有兩種情況：一種是作者的姓氏在正文中沒有出現(xiàn)，如：(摘自：復(fù)旦大學(xué)英語語言專業(yè)學(xué)位論文規(guī)范)e.g Charlottes and Emily Bronte were polar opposites, not

11、only in their personalities but in their sources of inspiration for writing (Taylor).另一種情況是作者的姓氏已在正文同一句中出現(xiàn)，按MLA的規(guī)范不需要使用括號夾注，如：e.g Taylor claims that Charlotte and Emily Bronte were polar opposites, not only in their personalities but in their sources of inspiration for writing. 超過四行的文內(nèi)摘引語，另起一段，首行在原文

12、基礎(chǔ)上再縮進五個字符。行間距按1.5倍打印。Lengthy quoted passages (more than four lines) are single-spaced and indented from the left margin.(some time from both margins) five paces. The first line is indented an additional five spaces when it marks the beginning of a paragraph. 把句號或逗號放在引號內(nèi)（Place the period and the com

13、ma within the quotation marks:）E.g. “Jenny,” he said, “l(fā)ets have lunch.”也有例外: e.g. The author states: “Time alone reveals the just(471)”.當摘引用于強調(diào)事件本身時，破折號 ， 問號？和感嘆號！一般置于引號內(nèi)；當用于強調(diào)整個句子時，置于引號外。e.g Gordon answered, “No way !”e.g Stop whistling “All Do is Dream of you” !例如：第二部分：參考文獻著錄 Works cited or Bibli

14、ographyMLA格式(Documenting List of Sources: MLA Style)正文引用文獻須按MLA要求，著錄在Works Cited或者Bibliography之下，在正文最后一章結(jié)束后另頁開始，頁碼與正文相連。文獻著錄必須按作者姓氏的字母順序排列，不得以正文中出現(xiàn)的先后編碼排序，不得使用阿拉伯數(shù)字。每一條目中的各項內(nèi)容都必須按MLA規(guī)定的次序和格式編排。參考文獻的字體與正文相同，條目間距為1.5倍行間距，另行縮進5個字符間距。 .每個參考文獻一般有三個部分組成，依次是：作者姓，逗號，名，黑點，書名（斜體，如有副標題加冒號，文章名用引號），黑點，出版地，冒號，出版商

15、，出版年。e.g Feldman, Paula R. ed. British Women Poets of the Romantic Era. Baltimore: JohnsHopkins UP, 1997.(Note: In a MLA style, always give the authors name as it appears on the title page. Never abbreviate a name given in full. Only use initials if the title page does.以書名上所給名字為準 )Borroff, Marie. tr

16、ans. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. New York: Norton, 1967.Eggins, Suzanne, and Diane Slade. Analyzing Casual Conversation. London: Cassell,1997. (Note: Reverse the first authors name only，當有兩個作者是，只把第一位作者的姓，名倒置)Brownell, Hiram H., and Heather H. Potter. “Inference Deficits in Right-BrainDamaged Pa

17、tients.” Brain and Language 27 (1986): 310-21.Gilman, Sander, et al.（兩個以上作者） Hysteria beyond Freund. Berkeley: University of 4California Press, 1993. (Note: When there are more than three names, name only the first and add et al., or give all names in full in the order in which they appear on the ti

18、le page.)引用各類文獻中的文章1.書評、影評、電視節(jié)目評論等（Review）Kidd, John. “The Scandal of Ulysses.” Rev. of Ulysses: The Corrected Text, byHans Walter Gabler. New York Review of Books 30 June 1988: 32-39.2. 收集在書籍中的文章（Selection from an edited book）Glover, David. “The Stuff That Dreams Are Made Of: Masculinity, Femininit

19、y,and the Thriller.” Gender, Genre and Narrative Pleasure. Ed. DerekLonghurst. London: Unwin Hyman, 1989. 67-83.3.雜志中的文章Miller, Mark Crispen. “Massa, Come Home.” New Republic 16 Sept. 1981:29-32.4.百科全書中的文章（An entry in an encyclopedia）Mohanty, Jitendra M. “Indian Philosophy.” The New Encyclopaedia Br

20、itannica:Macropaedia. 15th ed. 1987.5研究報告Flower, Linda. The Role of Task Representation in Reading to Write. TechnicalReport No. 6. Berkeley: Center for the Study of Writing at U ofCalifornia, Berkeley and Carnegie Mellon U, 1987.6翻譯的書籍（Translated book）Lacan, Jacques. Ecrits: A Selection. Trans. Ala

21、n Sheridan. New York: Norton,1977.7碩博士論文（Dissertation）Hubert, Henry Allan. “The Development of English Studies inNineteenth-Century Anglo- Canadian Colleges.” Diss. U of BritishColumbia, 1988.8學(xué)術(shù)會議上的報告（Conference paper）Moffett, James. “Censorship and Spiritual Education.” The Right to LiteracyConfer

22、ence. Columbus, Ohio, September 1988.9電視廣播節(jié)目和系列報道（A Radio/Television Broadcast/Series）“Monkey Trial.” American Experience. PBS. WGBH, Boston. 18 Mar. 2003. 著錄漢語著作和文章如果在英文撰寫的論文中引用中文著作或者期刊，括號夾注中只需用漢語拼音標明作者的姓氏，參考文獻著錄的條目必須按作者姓氏漢語拼音的字母順序排列。例如：Zhang, Zhijian. 張志健，嚴復(fù)思想研究. 桂林：廣西師大出版社，1989 Yu, Yongding. 余永定，

23、財政穩(wěn)定問題研究的一個理論框架. 世界經(jīng)濟2005，（7）：25-29Wang, Mingliang. 王明亮，關(guān)于中國學(xué)術(shù)期刊標準數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng)工程的進展EB/OL. ，1998-08-16/1999-10-04注意：這里最后是一個著錄網(wǎng)絡(luò)上漢語出版物的例子，其中“1998-08-16”為網(wǎng)頁發(fā)表或更新的日期，“1999-10-04”為引用日期。 著錄網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版物著錄網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版物必須標明出版物的上傳日期和論文撰寫人上網(wǎng)查詢的日期（date of retrieval），標明網(wǎng)址。條目中網(wǎng)址如需斷開換行，必須在“/”之后或者“.”之前，網(wǎng)址中不得出現(xiàn)空格。網(wǎng)絡(luò)期刊（online journal）上的文章

24、1紙印期刊的電子版：Bleich, Eric. “From International Ideas to Domestic Policies: EducationalMulticulturalism in England and France.” Comparative Politics 31.1 (Oct.1998): 6 pp. Expanded Academic ASAP. Middlebury College 2 Aug. 2003</verify-iac>.該例中，“6 pp.”表示文章有6頁，“Expanded Ac

25、ademic ASAP. Middlebury College”為網(wǎng)頁名稱，“2 Aug. 2000”為論文撰寫人上網(wǎng)查詢的日期。2. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的獨立文本（Stand-alone document）Eilola, John. “Little Machines: Rearticulating Hypertext Users.” 3 Dec. 1994. 14Aug 1996 <ftp:/3. 大學(xué)網(wǎng)頁上的文獻Felluga, Dino. Undergraduate Guide to Literary Theory. 17 Dec. 1999. PurdueUntheory2.html>

26、.4. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的參考資料（Online reference source）“Fresco.” Britannica Online. Vers. 98.2. April 1998. Encyclopedia Britannica. 8May 1998 <:180>.注意：本例中“Vers. 98.2”為版本，“April 1998”為出版日期，“Encyclopedia Britannica”為出版人。 列舉參考文獻時所用到的縮寫（Abbreviation）bk. , bks-book, books cf.-comparech. ,chs-chapter, chapters ed.,

27、 eds-edition, editionset al- et alii, “and others ” no., nosnumber(of issue), numbersp., pp.-page, pages pt., pts-part,partsqtdquoted rptreprintedUni- University vol., vols-volume, volumes 其它文內(nèi)規(guī)范1. 不可以用縮寫。2. 兩位數(shù)以內(nèi)的數(shù)字用英文拼寫，兩位以上的可以用阿拉伯數(shù)字標出即可。E.g. Twenty-two years thirty dollars,124 years, 29.9 5261 vo

28、ters3. 標點符號后空一個字符。非英語詞句的引用和翻譯格式。例如：e.g Learners of Spanish tend to overuse certain idiomatic expressions, e.g.,irse todo en humo (“to go up in smoke”).4. 正確使用圖表，圖表：必須有序號和題目，并標明單位，序號和題目置于其正上方，單位置于其右上方。題目應(yīng)簡短確切，一般不超過一行。須有自明性，即：不閱讀正文的讀者也能夠理解圖或表的意思。例如：圖3.5：正確使用圖表的序號正確：Table 4.1 sums up theresults of data

29、 analysis. 錯誤： The following table sums up the results of data analysis:示例1：MLA格式參考文獻著錄及引述格式第一部分：正文內(nèi)引述 (In-text Citation: MLA Style)The formatting generally follows the latest Modern Language Association (MLA) style, including parenthetical references.Parenthetical documentation means that in the te

30、xt, only the authors surname and the page number is given in parentheses following the quotation or any reference to another source. If the authors name is given in the introductory statement to the quotation, only the page number is given in parentheses at （MLA一般不用腳注）The Works Cited page contains t

31、he full name of the author, the title of the book, etc. Internet sites frequently do not have page numbers, so that only the name of the author or web site is given in parentheses. Footnotes are used sparingly, and only to give additional information not suitable to include in the text. (Julia Diter

32、man) . MLA格式文內(nèi)摘錄一般用括號加注法：1 括號內(nèi)（作者姓氏引文頁碼），如果引文中已經(jīng)給出作者姓名，只需括號加注內(nèi)頁碼即可。例如：e.g In studying the influence of Latin American, African and Asian music on modern American composers, music historians tend to discuss such figures as Aaron Copland, George Gershwin, Henry Cowell, Alan Hovhaness, and John Cage (B

33、rindle; Griffiths 104-39; Hitchcock 173-98這里同時引用不同作者的多篇文獻)e.g Brian Taves suggests some interesting conclusions regarding philosophy and politics of the adventure film (153-54, 171).e.g Her idea is further confirmed that “people think her odd and that nobody loves and admires her” (Fountain 33).e.g

34、Her idea is further confirmed that “people think her odd and that nobody loves and admires her (Fountain 33).”（不規(guī)范）e.g Her idea is further confirmed that “people think her odd and that nobody loves and admires her (Fountain 33).” （不規(guī)范）2. 引用中文著作或期刊時同姓作者的情況較多，應(yīng)在括號夾注中使用他們名字的首字母加以區(qū)分，如：MLA： (S.R. Wang 26

35、) (J.X. Wang 30)3. 兩個作者時可以用 & 連接，兩個以上時可用 ，隔開. 如：e.g According to educational psychologists, raising children is a responsibility of the entire community (Franklin, Childs, & Smith 410).4. 引用團體作者的作品，括號夾注中應(yīng)使用團體的名稱，如：e.g It was apparent that the American health care system needed “to be fixed a

36、ndperhaps radically modified” (Public Agenda Foundation 4).5. 引用無作者文獻:引用無作者文獻，如果文獻標題沒有出現(xiàn)在正文里，則括號夾注中應(yīng)使用該標題或者（如果標題過長的話）使用該標題中的關(guān)鍵詞組，如:e.g An anonymous Wordsworth critic once argued that his poems were too emotional (“Wordsworth Is A Loser” 100).6.引用非直接文獻（indirect source）論文應(yīng)盡可能避免使用非直接文獻（即二級文獻secondary s

37、ource），但在無法找到直接文獻（即一級文獻primary source）的情況下，引文可以從非直接文獻中析出，例如：e.g Samuel Johnson admitted that Edmund Burke was an “extraordinary man” (qtd. in Boswell 2: 450). 引用整篇文獻（即全書或全文）觀點時有兩種情況：一種是作者的姓氏在正文中沒有出現(xiàn)，如：(摘自：復(fù)旦大學(xué)英語語言專業(yè)學(xué)位論文規(guī)范)e.g Charlottes and Emily Bronte were polar opposites, not only in theirpersona

38、lities but in their sources of inspiration for writing (Taylor).另一種情況是作者的姓氏已在正文同一句中出現(xiàn)，按MLA的規(guī)范不需要使用括號夾注，如：e.g Taylor claims that Charlotte and Emily Bronte were polar opposites, not only in their personalities but in their sources of inspiration for writing. 超過四行的文內(nèi)摘引語，另起一段，首行在原文基礎(chǔ)上再縮進五個字符。行間距按1.5倍打印

39、。Lengthy quoted passages (more than four lines) are single-spaced and indented from the left margin.(some time from both margins) five paces. The first line is indented an additional five spaces when it marks the beginning of a paragraph. 把句號或逗號放在引號內(nèi)（Place the period and the comma within the quotati

40、on marks:）E.g. “Jenny,” he said, “l(fā)ets have lunch.”也有例外: e.g. The author states: “Time alone reveals the just(471)”.當摘引用于強調(diào)事件本身時，破折號 ， 問號？和感嘆號！一般置于引號內(nèi)；當用于強調(diào)整個句子時，置于引號外。e.g Gordon answered, “No way !”e.g Stop whistling “All Do is Dream of you” !例如：第二部分：參考文獻著錄 Works cited or BibliographyMLA格式(Document

41、ing List of Sources: MLA Style)正文引用文獻須按MLA要求，著錄在Works Cited或者Bibliography之下，在正文最后一章結(jié)束后另頁開始，頁碼與正文相連。文獻著錄必須按作者姓氏的字母順序排列，不得以正文中出現(xiàn)的先后編碼排序，不得使用阿拉伯數(shù)字。每一條目中的各項內(nèi)容都必須按MLA規(guī)定的次序和格式編排。參考文獻的字體與正文相同，條目間距為1.5倍行間距，另行縮進5個字符間距。 .每個參考文獻一般有三個部分組成，依次是：作者姓，逗號，名，黑點，書名（斜體，如有副標題加冒號，文章名用引號），黑點，出版地，冒號，出版商，出版年。e.g Feldman, Pau

42、la R. ed. British Women Poets of the Romantic Era. Baltimore: JohnsHopkins UP, 1997.(Note: In a MLA style, always give the authors name as it appears on the title page. Never abbreviate a name given in full. Only use initials if the title page does.以書名上所給名字為準 )Borroff, Marie. trans. Sir Gawain and t

43、he Green Knight. New York: Norton, 1967.Eggins, Suzanne, and Diane Slade. Analyzing Casual Conversation. London: Cassell,1997. (Note: Reverse the first authors name only，當有兩個作者是，只把第一位作者的姓，名倒置)Brownell, Hiram H., and Heather H. Potter. “Inference Deficits in Right-BrainDamaged Patients.” Brain and La

44、nguage 27 (1986): 310-21.Gilman, Sander, et al.（兩個以上作者） Hysteria beyond Freund. Berkeley: University of第11/15頁 California Press, 1993. (Note: When there are more than three names, name only the first and add et al., or give all names in full in the order in which they appear on the tile page.)引用各類文獻

45、中的文章1.書評、影評、電視節(jié)目評論等（Review）Kidd, John. “The Scandal of Ulysses.” Rev. of Ulysses: The Corrected Text, byHans Walter Gabler. New York Review of Books 30 June 1988: 32-39.2. 收集在書籍中的文章（Selection from an edited book）Glover, David. “The Stuff That Dreams Are Made Of: Masculinity, Femininity,and the Thril

46、ler.” Gender, Genre and Narrative Pleasure. Ed. DerekLonghurst. London: Unwin Hyman, 1989. 67-83.3.雜志中的文章Miller, Mark Crispen. “Massa, Come Home.” New Republic 16 Sept. 1981:29-32.4.百科全書中的文章（An entry in an encyclopedia）Mohanty, Jitendra M. “Indian Philosophy.” The New Encyclopaedia Britannica:Macrop

47、aedia. 15th ed. 1987.5研究報告Flower, Linda. The Role of Task Representation in Reading to Write. TechnicalReport No. 6. Berkeley: Center for the Study of Writing at U ofCalifornia, Berkeley and Carnegie Mellon U, 1987.6翻譯的書籍（Translated book）Lacan, Jacques. Ecrits: A Selection. Trans. Alan Sheridan. New

48、 York: Norton,1977.7碩博士論文（Dissertation）Hubert, Henry Allan. “The Development of English Studies inNineteenth-Century Anglo- Canadian Colleges.” Diss. U of BritishColumbia, 1988.8學(xué)術(shù)會議上的報告（Conference paper）第12/15頁 Moffett, James. “Censorship and Spiritual Education.” The Right to LiteracyConference. C

49、olumbus, Ohio, September 1988.9電視廣播節(jié)目和系列報道（A Radio/Television Broadcast/Series）“Monkey Trial.” American Experience. PBS. WGBH, Boston. 18 Mar. 2003. 著錄漢語著作和文章如果在英文撰寫的論文中引用中文著作或者期刊，括號夾注中只需用漢語拼音標明作者的姓氏，參考文獻著錄的條目必須按作者姓氏漢語拼音的字母順序排列。例如：Zhang, Zhijian. 張志健，嚴復(fù)思想研究. 桂林：廣西師大出版社，1989 Yu, Yongding. 余永定，財政穩(wěn)定問題研究的一個理論框架. 世界經(jīng)濟2005，（7）：25-29Wang, Mingliang. 王明亮，關(guān)于中國學(xué)術(shù)期刊標準數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng)工程的進展EB/OL. ，1998-08-16/1999-10-04注意：這里最后是一個著錄網(wǎng)絡(luò)上漢語出版物的例子，其中“1998-08-16”為網(wǎng)頁發(fā)表或更新的日期，“1999-10-04”為引用日期。 著錄網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版物著錄網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版物必須標明出版物的上傳日期和論文撰寫人上網(wǎng)查詢的日期（date of