小學英語閱讀教學策略

1、 （一）什么是閱讀理解？ （二）閱讀的目的 （三）閱讀任務分類 閱讀理解是一個心理過程。一個信息以文字符號為載體（圖像也可），通過閱讀過程傳遞，在這個過程中，頭腦經(jīng)過接收分析和猜想，把信息恢復過來，這就是閱讀理解過程。 一是獲取信息（Reading for information）如閱讀有關的新聞、資料、說明書等; 二是娛樂消遣（Reading for pleasure or reading for fun ）如讀小說散文、故事、童話等； 三是學習語言（Reading for languge ）母語學習，外語學習 一類活動的任務是擴大輸入、閱讀欣賞； 另一類活動的任務是針對性地訓練閱讀技巧。這

2、些技巧包括預測所讀內(nèi)容、抓主題大意、抓特定細節(jié)、根據(jù)上下文猜詞義、推斷隱含意義等。 1、智力水平 2、生理、心理條件 3、興趣和性格 4、文化背景 5、語言基礎 （一）學生的學習現(xiàn)狀 （二）教師的教學現(xiàn)狀 1、閱讀興趣不高；看不懂閱讀材料 ；恐懼和不安 2、沒有合理有效的閱讀方法；效率低下 1) 閱讀的速度和效率 2) 缺少根據(jù)上下文線索猜測詞義的能力 3) 缺乏一定的英語文化知識了解。 3、課堂閱讀時間有限； 課外使用英語的面比較狹小 教學方法單一枯燥； 過多地講解生詞，過分地重視詞匯和語法的教學，而忽視了閱讀技巧和方法的訓練。 1、能認讀所學詞語 2、能根據(jù)拼讀規(guī)律，讀出簡單的單詞 3、能

3、讀懂教材中簡短的要求和指令 4、能看懂賀卡等所表達的簡單信息 5、能借助圖片讀懂簡單的故事或小短文， 并養(yǎng)成按意群閱讀的習慣 6、能正確朗讀所學故事或短文 1. 讀是四種技能之一，學生綜合語言運用能力的形成離不開閱讀能力的培養(yǎng)。 2. 閱讀是擴大語言輸入量的有效途徑。從聽說讀寫四項行為來看，單位時間內(nèi)接受信息量最多的行為是閱讀。 3. 鞏固學過的知識，如：詞匯、語法、交際用語等。 4. 有趣的閱讀材料還能給人帶來樂趣。 5. 通過閱讀可以培養(yǎng)學生相應的學習策略。 （一） 課始整合教材 1、創(chuàng)編教材 2、結(jié)合圖片 3、貼近生活 （二） 課中感知內(nèi)容，練做結(jié)合 1、聽力入手、知其大意 2、掃讀生詞

4、、消除障礙 3、練做結(jié)合、由易到難 （1） 瀏覽后相繼提問，目標名確 （2）注意提問的時間差 (3) 提問須面向全體 （4）問題不能過于簡單 （1） 結(jié)合TPR，動中學詞 （2）結(jié)合圖片，形象識詞 (3) 聯(lián)系上下文猜測詞義 根據(jù)不同的教材設計不同的練習類型； 練習難度要層層遞進，由易到難 The traffic lights are the same in every country. There are always three lights: red, yellow and green. Red means “Stop”. Yellow means “ Wait”, and green

5、means “ Go”. In China, drivers drive on the right side of the road. In the US, drivers drive on the right side, too. In England and Australia, however, drivers drive on the left side of the road. If you go by car, by bike or on foot, you must know the traffic rules. There are always three lights in

6、every country: red, yellow and green. ( ) Yellow light means “ Go”. ( ) In China, drivers drive on the right side of the road. ( ) In the US, drivers drive on the left side. ( ) We dont need to know the traffic rules. ( ) Red means ( ) A: Go B: Stop C: Wait How many traffic lights are there in a cou

7、ntry? ( ) A: One B: Two C: Three In England, drivers drive on the ( ) side of the road. A: right B： left What s the text about? _ If you go on foot, what must you do? _ Whats the difference when people drive in China and England? _（三） 課尾拓展運用、提升閱讀 1、 復述 2、表演課文 3、縮寫、改寫 一讀知大意 【課例1】視聽整體呈現(xiàn) Im Tim. When I

8、 grow up Im going to be a pilot. A pilot flies planes. I love flying, and I want to fly in the sky. Im Lucy. Im going to be a vet when I grow up. A vet is a doctor for animals. I love animals, and I want to look after them. Im Bob. My dad is a dentist. He looks after peoples teeth. But Im not going

9、to be a dentist when I grow up. Im going to be a cook. I love food. I want to make delicious food. Im Candy. Im going to be a teacher when I grow up. I really like my teacher, Miss Miller. I want to be a teacher, too. I want to teach children English. T: What are they talking? 課例課例2 The lion and the

10、 mouse There is a lion. He is very strong. He likes eating the small animals. Milly, the little mouse comes. Look, she is biting the net. “Ha ha, I am coming.” Lion is hungry! Milly is afraid, “Help! Help!” The lion let him go. Milly is a mouse. She is small. She likes playing. Oh! Lion is in the ne

11、t! He is very sad, “Help! Help! Who can help me? ”Now, Lion and small animals are good friends. They play together. They are very happy. T: What animals are there in the story? 二、讀掃生詞二、讀掃生詞 課例1中，進入掃生詞環(huán)節(jié)后，教師說：Read the text quickly and underline the new words.然后教師叫學生把找出來的生詞寫在黑板上。學生從短文中找出 grow up, vet,

12、 pilot, fly, dentist, teeth, delicious等等，這些生詞中有一部分是一些基礎較好的學生認識，教師提問：Who knows these words? 幾個學生紛紛舉手回答自己認識的生詞，如grow up, fly, teeth,等。剩下幾個生詞，教師再做一些講解：A pilot flies planes. A vet is a doctor for animals. A dentist looks after peoples teeth. 課例2中，教師要求學生Read silently, underline the new words.在學生選出strong，

13、hungry，net，sad，bite，together等生詞后，教師提出解決生詞的兩個辦法a. Guess with pictures .b. Guess the meaning in the context.學生根據(jù)插圖猜出net是網(wǎng)的意思、bite是咬的意思，strong，hungry，sad，together等生詞根據(jù)上下文和老師的動作及講解弄懂了其含義。 三、讀練辨析三、讀練辨析 【課例【課例3】The Bakers Mr. and Mrs. Baker have a nice family. They have three children, Amy, Peter and Tom.

14、 Amy and Peter go to the same school. In the morning, they have different classes, English, Maths Art and P.E. In the afternoon, they read books at the library. In the evening, they do homework or watch TV. After that, they like to play with Tom. When mum is busy, they change the diaper for Tom. On

15、weekends, they like to go out. Sometimes they go to the zoo to see animals. Sometimes they play ball games in the park. They always have a good time. 教師在指導學生第三遍閱讀這段語篇時，提出了四個是非題：教師在指導學生第三遍閱讀這段語篇時，提出了四個是非題： 1) Mr. and Mrs. Baker have a nice family. T 2) They have four children. F 3)Amy and Peter go to

16、 the same school. T 4) On weekends, they dont like to go out. F 課例1中， 教師在這個環(huán)節(jié)是這樣安排的。 Read again and answer ( Yes or No ) a. Tim is going to be a pilot. ( Yes ) b. Lucy loves animals. ( Yes ) c. Bobs father is a dentist. He wants to be a dentist, too. ( No ) d. Candy likes her teacher Miss Miller. (

17、Yes ) 四、讀明細節(jié)四、讀明細節(jié) a. What classes do Amy and Peter have in the morning? b. Where do they like to go on weekends? Subjects Places EnglishparkChineseMathssupermarketArtMusiczooP.E. 教師還設計了四個選擇題，來檢測學生對語篇細節(jié)掌握的程度。 1) Amy and Peter have _ classes in the morning. A. three B. four 2)In the afternoon, they r

18、ead books _. A. at the library B. at home 3) Tom is a _. A. baby B. boy 4) They _ in the zoo. A. see animals B. play ball games 【課例4】 Daily Life Hello, my friends! Im an Olympic volunteer. I work for Olympic Games. I get up at five oclock. I brush my teeth and wash my face. I have breakfast at half

19、past five. For breakfast, I like eggs and milk. I go to the Birds Nest（鳥巢體育館） at six oclock. Then, I begin to work. I clean the chairs. I sweep the floor. I carry the boxes. I act as Fuwa. And I say “Hooray” to the winners. I go home at twelve oclock at night. I write a diary every day. Im tired. Bu

20、t Im very happy. Im proud. Im a volunteer! 1、Look and match! I get up at 5:30. I have breakfast at 6:00. I go to the Birds Nest at 12:00 at night. I go home at 5:00. 2、Fill in the blanks! Im an Olympic volunteer. I get up at five oclock in the morning. I _ the chairs, sweep the _, carry the _, and _

21、 as Fuwa in the daytime. I go home at twelve oclock at night. Im_. But Im very _. 【課例5】 School life 這是一篇介紹中英小學生學校生活的語篇，在安排細節(jié)閱讀時教師提出四個問題，讓學生帶著問題閱讀。 Q1: How do the children sit ? Q2: What do the children do? Q3: When do the children start school? Q4: When do the children finish school?They (English ch

22、ildren) We (Chinese children) sit around tables sit in lines sing songs together every morning do morning exercises every morning start school at 9 oclock start school at 8 oclock finish school at half past 3 finish school at 4 oclock 五、閱讀拓展五、閱讀拓展 課例課例1中教師設計了兩個拓展任務：中教師設計了兩個拓展任務： Free talk. T: Candy

23、is going to be a teacher. How about you? What are you going to be when you grow up? Why? Group work: Talk about your dreams with your classmates: When I grow up, Im going to be a I want to 課例5中，教師設計的拓展任務是閱讀網(wǎng)頁上面英國學生的學校生活。 1、Watch a video about an English school. Read a passage from an English pupils

24、blog and then take a quiz. 【課例6】Friends 學生在完成細節(jié)閱讀之后，教師設計了一個書面的拓展作業(yè)，要求學生根據(jù)樣本寫給筆友一封電子郵件。 Write an e-mail to your pen friend. T: Do you want to be Carlys friend? Please write an e-mail to her. I have an example for you. (CAI) Example: Dear Carly, My name is . Im years old. There are people in my family. My father likes . My