時態(tài)的基本判定方式

1、時態(tài)的基本判定方式： 一、時間狀語同時態(tài)的關系：一般情況下，簡單句可根據(jù)句中的時間狀語確定謂語動詞的時態(tài)。其判定方式如下： 1、句中含有yesterday; last year（last + 具體時間）; two days ago（一段時間 + ago）; just now; this morning; in 2008（in + 過去的年代）; the other day; over the weekend等時間狀語，謂語動詞用一般過去時； 2、句中含有tomorrow; next week（next +具體時間）; in two hours（in +一段時間）; (how) soon; fr

2、om now on; 10 years from now（一段時間+from now）; in the future; in 2013（in +將來的年代）; by (the end of) next month（by+將來時間）; for the weekend; this afternoon; this evening; tonight; this weekend等時間狀語時，謂語動詞用一般將來時； 3、句中既有yesterday等過去時間狀語，又有一個具體時間點（at 5:00; this time; at that time）時，謂語動詞用過去進行時； 4、句中含有recently;

3、in the last/past two years（in the last/past+一段時間）; over the years（over the+一段時間）; since 2005（since+具體時間或從句）; for two years（for+一段時間，句中無其它時間狀語）; before（單獨用于句尾）等時間狀語時，謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時； 5、by (the end of) last year（by+過去時間）; two days before（一段時間+before）; for和since說明的時間同時用于句中;by the time + 從句（過去時態(tài)）等時間狀語時，謂語動詞用

4、用過去完成時； 6、簡單句中如不含上述時間狀語或有含說話時間在內(nèi)的表示現(xiàn)在時間關系的詞語時（如now; today; these days等詞），其時態(tài)的判定一般按以下步驟進行： - 句中是否含有表示頻率關系的詞。如有，用一般現(xiàn)在時； - 句子是否說明客觀規(guī)律。如是，用一般現(xiàn)在時； - 句中動詞是否表示狀況。如是，用一般現(xiàn)在時； - 句中動詞是否為延續(xù)性動態(tài)動詞。如是，用現(xiàn)在進行時； - 句中動詞是否為完成性動詞（瞬間動詞）。如是，用現(xiàn)在完成時。 二、主從句時態(tài)的一致性原則：主從復合句可根據(jù)其時態(tài)一致性原則，通過主從句中任意一個句子的時態(tài)確定另外一個句子的時態(tài)；含有時間狀語從句的主從句還可通過

5、其引導詞所表示的不同時間關系，確定主句和從句的時態(tài)。 三、通過上下文關系判定時態(tài)：另外我們還可以根據(jù)并列謂語的時態(tài)一致性原則、問句和答語的時態(tài)一致關系、無轉(zhuǎn)折時間的短文時態(tài)一致原則等上下文時態(tài)的關聯(lián)以及句子的邏輯關系來判定句子中謂語動詞的時態(tài)。Exercise1. What _ you _ over the weekend? A. will; do B. does; do C. did; do D. were; doing 2. Xiao Li usually _ to school by bike last year. A. goes B. went C. will go D. is goi

6、ng 3. What _ in our town 100 years from now? A. happened B. is happened C. has happened D. will happen 4. Mr. Smith _ to see you in an hour. A. came B. has come C. will come D. comes 5._you _from your parents recently? A.Did; hear B. Have; heard C. Do; hear D. Will; hear 6. We_TV at home this time l

7、ast night.A.were watching B. watched C. have watched D. would watch 7. We _ over 1500 English words by the end of last month. A. have learned B. had learned C. will learn D. learnt8. She _ in Shanghai since 1992. A. had lived B. has lived C. lived D. will live 9. She _ in Shanghai for ten years. A.

8、has lived B. had lived C. lived D. will live 10. We all know that the earth _ round the sun. A. goes B. went C. is going D. will go 11. -Where are the boys? -They _ soccer on the playground.A. play B. are playing C. were playing D. played 12. Look! Lucy _ under the tree. A. reads B. is reading C. wa

9、s reading D. read 13. He _ more than 200 model cars in the last five years. A. has collected B. had collected C. collected D. will collect 14. Jim _ a letter to his parents at 7:30 last night. A. had written B. wrote C. would write D. was writing 15. The Smiths _ in Beijing since two weeks ago. A. s

10、tayed B. were staying C. would stay D. have stayed 16. -When _ you _ the bike? -Last Monday.A. have; bought B. did; buy C. will; buy D. do; buy 17. Look! The boy_English now. A. likes B. liked C. is liking D. was liking 18. Most students in our class _ TV twice a week. A. watch B. watched C. will wa

11、tch D. are watching 19. How soon _ they _ back from work? A. do; come B. did; come C. have; come D. will; come 20. -Where _ you _ Mr. Li? -In his office, half an hour ago. A. will; see B. did; see C. have, seen D. do; see 21. I _ a new dictionary. Look! Its very useful. A. bought B. will buy C. have

12、 bought D. would buy 22. I wont watch the movie tonight. I _ it before. A. will see B. have seen C. saw D. had seen 23. Hello! I _ know you _ in Chengdu. How long have you been here? A.didnt; were B. dont; are C. didnt; are D. dont; were 24. He _ a fire and then cooked a meal. A.had made B. was maki

13、ng C. made D. has made 25. If I _ time tomorrow, I will go to visit my grandfather. A. have B. will have C. would have D. am having 26. Im going to be a doctor when I _ up. A. grow B. will grow C. grew D. am growing 27. The film _ on for five minutes when I got to the cinema. A. has been B. had been

14、 C. was D. is 28. She _ dinner when her son came in. A. has cooked B. had cooked C. was cooking D. would cook 29. The train _ when we got to the station. We had to wait for the next one. A. has left B. had left C. left D. was leaving 30. He said that he _ to the barbers tomorrow morning. A. will go

15、B. went C. is going D. would go 31. In the last years I _ a lot of friends. A. have made B. made C. will make D. was making 32. The boys _ for about two hours. A. are playing soccer B. have been playing soccer C. were playing D. play soccer 33. He _ so quickly that he could win the race. A. is runni

16、ng B. will run C. ran D. had run 34. He didnt go there with us because he _ there before. A.has been B. had been C. went D. would go 35. I dont know if he _ tomorrow. If he _, I will tell you. A. will come; will come B. comes; comes C. will come; comes D. comes; will come 36. When I was young, my mo

17、ther told me that the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rises C. rose D. had risen 37.-_ you _ your work? -Yes. I finished it an hour ago. A. Did; finish B. Have; finished C. Will; finish D. Had; finished 38. Hurry up, or you _ the early bus. A. will miss B. has missed C. would miss D. missed 39. I _ Mr

18、. Green while I _ along the street last Sunday. A. met; walked B. was meeting; walked C. met; was walking D. was meeting; was walking 40. Tom is strong and he _ to school every day. A. walked B. walks C. will walk D. has walked 41. He said that he _ with Mr. Black at that time. A. talked B. was talk

19、ing C. is talking D. would talk 42. We _ English in this school since we came here. A. have studied B. studied C. had studied D. were studying 43. She _ at home until her mother came back. A. has stayed B. stayed C. had stayed D. will stay 44. There will be an interesting movie _ two days. A. for B.

20、 in C. after D. since 45. She _ there until I came back. A. didnt leave B. has stayed C. left D. was staying 46. It has been raining _ two hours ago. A. until B. for C. since D. by 47. His father _ since he was two years old. A. has died B. died C. has death D. has been dead 48. The meeting _ for te

21、n minutes when I got there yesterday. A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. had been on 49. He had collected over 500 stamps _ he was twelve years old. A. since B. for C. until D. by the time 50. I was doing my homework _ she rang me up last night. A. when B. while C. since D. before 51. -Wher

22、e is John? - He _ the library.A. has been to B. has gone to C. has been in D. has been at 52. How long _you _the computer? A. have; bought B. did; buy C. have ; had D. will; buy 53. She _ Shanghai for two days. A. left B. has left C. will leave D. has been away from 54. He didnt tell me anything abo

23、ut it _ he left. A. since B. until C. by the time D. while 55. She _ China since she was five years old. A. has come to B. has arrived at C. has arrived in D. has been in 56. I had finished my homework _ I watched TV last night. A. before B. after C. when D. until 57. Miss White has been _ the music

24、 club for 4 years. A. joining B. join C. joined D. in 58. What do you think he will _ ten years? A. be for B. be at C. be to D. be in 59. There _ two football games in our school next week. A. is going to has B. will have C. will be D. is going to have 60. They _ a birthday party next Friday afterno

25、on. A. is going to be B. will be C. will have D. is going to have 61. How long have you _ the pen? A. kept B. bought C. borrowed D. got 62. I _ Mr. Brown since I left Shanghai in 2004. A. have seen B. saw C. havent seen D. didnt see 63. You dont have to describe her. I _ her several times. A. had me

26、t B. have met C. met D. meet 64. I _ a cold for five days. I still cant get rid of it. A. caught B. had C. have caught D. have had 65. What _you _at nine oclock that morning? A. are; doing B. did; do C. were; doing D. had; done 66. What _ you _ by nine oclock that morning? A. are; doing B. did; do C

27、. were; doing D. had; done 67. The sign _, “ No Parking!” A. reads B. was read C. is reading D. read 68.-_ you _ your lunch? -Yes. I _ it at school. A. Did; have; have had B. Have; had; had C. Did; have; had D. Have; had; have 69.Lily_for her mother until she _home. A. will wait; will come B. wont w

28、ait; comes C. will wait; comes D. waits; will come 70. -Mr. Brown is leaving for a trip. -Really? Where _ he _? A. has; gone B. will; go C. did; go D. does; go 71. Tom, you _ the book for two weeks. You have to return it now. A. borrowed B. have kept C. kept D. have borrowed72.-Have you mended your shoes? -Yes. I _ it twenty minutes ago. A. have mended B. mended C. had mended D. will mend 73. Mr. Smith _ to China last year and _ in love with her. A. goes; falls B. went; fell C.