MBA英語(yǔ)作文翻譯講義

1、MBA英語(yǔ) 作文第一節(jié) 了解大綱要求，明確應(yīng)試方向該部分由A、B兩節(jié)組成，主要考查考生的書(shū)面表達(dá)能力。共2題，25分。A節(jié)題型有兩種，每次考試選擇其中的一種形式。備選題型包括： 1）考生根據(jù)所給情景寫(xiě)出約100詞的應(yīng)用性短文，包括私人和公務(wù)信函、備忘錄、報(bào)告等。2）要求考生根據(jù)所提供的漢語(yǔ)文章，用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)出一篇80100詞的該文摘要。 考生在答題卡2上作答。 B節(jié)要求考生根據(jù)所規(guī)定的情景或給出的提綱，寫(xiě)出一篇150詞以上的英語(yǔ)說(shuō)明文或議論文。提供情景的形式為圖片、圖表或文字?？偨Y(jié)，考試類型基本如下：Part A: 應(yīng)用文（兩種可能）1. 寫(xiě)信 2. 摘要Part B: 說(shuō)明議論（兩種可能）1.

2、情景作文 2. 圖表作文第二節(jié) 了解評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，明確應(yīng)試難度（一） 評(píng)分原則和方法1. 一般評(píng)分原則適用于A,B兩節(jié)。但根據(jù)兩節(jié)考察的不同要點(diǎn)，評(píng)分時(shí)會(huì)有不同的側(cè)重點(diǎn)。A節(jié)本部分的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的重點(diǎn)在于信息表達(dá)的全面，準(zhǔn)確，適當(dāng)。主要包括信息點(diǎn)的覆蓋是否全面，語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)和格式是否正確，語(yǔ)言表達(dá)是否準(zhǔn)確，語(yǔ)域是否恰當(dāng)?shù)确矫?。?duì)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯多樣性的要求將根據(jù)試題的具體情況做相應(yīng)的規(guī)定。 B節(jié) 本部分的評(píng)分重點(diǎn)在于內(nèi)容的完整性，文章的組織連貫性，語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯的多樣性及語(yǔ)言的準(zhǔn)確性。2. 評(píng)分時(shí)先根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言確定其所屬檔次，然后以該檔次的要求來(lái)給分。3. A節(jié)作文的字?jǐn)?shù)要求在100詞左右或8010

3、0詞。B節(jié)作文的字?jǐn)?shù)要求是不少于150詞。文章長(zhǎng)度不符合要求的酌情扣分。4. 拼寫(xiě)與標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)是反映語(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確性的一個(gè)方面。評(píng)分時(shí)，視其對(duì)交際的影響程度予以考慮。英美詞匯拼寫(xiě)及語(yǔ)法均可接受。5. 如書(shū)寫(xiě)較差，以致影響讀者理解，將分?jǐn)?shù)降低一個(gè)檔次。（二）一般評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第五檔A節(jié)（9-10）B節(jié)（13-15分）很好地完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)u 包含所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)；u 使用豐富的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯u 語(yǔ)言自然流暢，語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤極少；u 有效地采用了多種銜接手法，文字連貫，層次清晰；u 格式與語(yǔ)域恰當(dāng)貼切。對(duì)目標(biāo)讀者完全產(chǎn)生了預(yù)期的效果。第四檔A節(jié)（7-8分）B節(jié)（10-12分）較好地完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。u 包含所有內(nèi)

4、容要點(diǎn)，允許漏掉一、兩個(gè)次重點(diǎn)；u 使用較豐富的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的詞匯；u 語(yǔ)言基本準(zhǔn)確，只有在試圖使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級(jí)詞匯時(shí)有個(gè)別錯(cuò)誤；u 采用適當(dāng)?shù)你暯邮址ǎ瑢哟吻逦?，組織較嚴(yán)密；u 格式與語(yǔ)域較恰當(dāng)。對(duì)目標(biāo)讀者產(chǎn)生了預(yù)期的效果。第三檔A節(jié)（5-6分）B節(jié)（7-9分）基本完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。u 雖漏掉一些內(nèi)容，但包含多數(shù)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)；u 應(yīng)用的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯能夠滿足任務(wù)的需求；u 有一些語(yǔ)法及詞匯錯(cuò)誤，但不影響理解；u 采用了簡(jiǎn)單的銜接手法，內(nèi)容較連貫，層次較清晰；u 格式和語(yǔ)域基本合理。對(duì)目標(biāo)讀者基本產(chǎn)生了預(yù)期的效果。第二檔A節(jié)（3-4分）B節(jié)（4-6分）未能按照要求完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。u 漏掉

5、或未能有效闡述一些內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，寫(xiě)了一些無(wú)關(guān)內(nèi)容；u 語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào)、詞匯項(xiàng)目有限；u 有較多的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面的錯(cuò)誤，影響了對(duì)寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容的理解；u 未采用恰當(dāng)?shù)你暯邮址?，?nèi)容缺少連貫性；u 格式和語(yǔ)域不恰當(dāng)。未能清楚地傳達(dá)信息給讀者。第一檔A節(jié)（1-2分）B節(jié)（1-3分）未完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。u 明顯遺漏主要內(nèi)容，具有許多不相關(guān)的內(nèi)容；u 語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目和詞匯的使用單調(diào)、重復(fù)；u 語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤很多，有礙讀者對(duì)內(nèi)容的理解，語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力差；u 未使用任何銜接手法，內(nèi)容不能連貫，缺少組織、分段；u 無(wú)格式與語(yǔ)域概念。未能傳達(dá)信息給讀者。零檔（0分）所傳達(dá)的信息或用的語(yǔ)言太少，無(wú)法評(píng)價(jià)；內(nèi)容與要求無(wú)關(guān)或無(wú)法辨認(rèn)。

6、第三節(jié) 應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作（寫(xiě)信） 一、歷年試題分析2005年Directions: Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine Designs & Fashions. But now you find that the work is not what you expected. You decide to quit. Write a letter to your boss, Mr. Wang, telling him your decision, stating your reason(s), and making

7、an apology. Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter, use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)范文Dear Mr. Wang, I am much grateful to be employed by you two months ago as an edi

8、tor for your magazine Designs & Fashions. I appreciate the opportunity of having worked here with you and other colleagues. The experiences will be unforgettable throughout my life. However, as a young man hose primary interest is in computer science rather than fashion designing, I find my pres

9、ent job doesnt fall in with my previous training and strength. I therefore decide to quit this job for something else that may conform to my former preparation. Please accept my sincere apologies for any inconveniences my leaving may incur. Yours truly, Li Ming2006年Section A: You want to contribute

10、to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area. Write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan.Write your letter in no less than 100 words. Do not sig

11、n your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)范文Dear Sir or Madam, Moved by the noble cause of Hope Project and encouraged by what has been achieved so far, I would like to contribute my bit to the project by offering financial aid to a child in

12、 a remote area of your province. I would be much grateful if you could help me seek out a girl who has just started schooling but whose family cannot afford her education. My plan is to pay for her tuition on an annual basis till she finishes her secondary education. I would like to remit my donatio

13、n directly to a bank account opened by her family in her local area. Yours truly, Li Ming2007年51.Directions: Write a letter to you university library, making suggestions for improving its service.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. U

14、se “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)范文Dear Sir or Madam, I am a student in this university who regularly come to the library to spend my spare time. Generally speaking, the services you offer here is quite good; however, I have some suggestions for you to adopt. And I would lik

15、e to extend my greatest appreciation if you are so kind as to take my suggestions into consideration. To begin with, will you please prolong the time for reading? In the daytime, most of the students are having class, so they cant come to the library. Moreover, some of the books on shelves are out o

16、f date. If you are so kind as to provide us some books such as the latest magazines, we will be greatly honored. I really wish to have a more comfortable library. Thank you for your time and consideration. Sincerely yours Li Ming2008年You have just come back from Canada and found a music CD in your l

17、uggage that you forgot to return to Bob, your landlord there. Write him a letter to1) make an apology, and2) suggest a solution.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)范文Dear Bob

18、, I am writing to make an apology to you for I forgot to return a music CD which I borrowed from you last week. Yesterday I have come back from Canada and I found it in my luggage. I am so sorry that you cannot listen to it at present. The CD which I borrowed from you is made in Canada, so I believe

19、 you can find another one in your local store. How about your buying another CD by yourself and I will pay for it? If you cannot find the similar one, I would send it back to you through a post office. And if there are any other solutions you like, please let me know. I am sorry again for my careles

20、sness. Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely Li Ming2009年Directions: Restrictions on the use of plastic bags have not been so successful in some regions. “White Pollution” is still going on. Write a letter to the editors of your local newspaper to 1) give your opinions briefly, and 2) make

21、two or three suggestions.You should write about 100 words on Answer Sheet 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead.You do not need to write the address.范文Dear editor, Im a sincere reader of your newspaper and I like your discussion of the social problems. Now I wan

22、t to give some opinions of myself about the “White Pollution.” As I know, regulation was made to solve the problem in June 1st of 2008. The use of plastic bags was restricted in the supermarket and many other shops freely. At the beginning, it was carried on well, but now I found plastic bags were u

23、sed in some small shops for free or with no pay. I am writing to tell you that we should solve this problem soon with the help of your newspaper. You could make some investigators about it and write some reports of it, so as to appeal to all the peoples attentions of our society. Yours sincerely, Li

24、 Ming 二、歸納與預(yù)測(cè)2.1 Inquiry Tony, your good friend, has won the top prize in an English Speech Contest. Write him a letter to 1) congratulate on him and 2) ask him for some language learning tips.2.2 Reply to inquiryYou have got a letter from Tom, your good friend. He told you that he failed the Englis

25、h test again. Write him a letter to 1) comfort him and 2) offer some suggestions.2.3 ComplaintYou bought a dictionary from a shopping website but it turned out not the exactly what you ordered. Write a letter to the after-service department and 1) complain about the situation and 2) request a soluti

26、on.2.4 Reply to ComplaintA tourist fell and got hurt in the park you are in charge of. Write a letter to him to 1) apologize and explain the reason and 2) offer solution or compensation.第四節(jié) 摘要寫(xiě)作一、大綱試題分析47. Directions:Read the following Chinese text and write an abstract of it in 80-100 English words

27、. You should write your abstract on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的主要原因20世紀(jì)50年代初以來(lái)，經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化獲得迅猛發(fā)展。簡(jiǎn)單歸納，其原因主要包括以下幾個(gè)方面：全球化的技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)?？萍歼M(jìn)步為全球化快速發(fā)展提供了物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)和技術(shù)手段?？萍几锩墙?jīng)濟(jì)全球化發(fā)展的最根本的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)和動(dòng)力，歷史上歷次科技革命都促進(jìn)了社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力的飛躍發(fā)展，同時(shí)也促進(jìn)了整個(gè)世界的融合。20世紀(jì)50年代以電子技術(shù)和信息技術(shù)等為主要標(biāo)志的新的科技革命的興起，使科技日益成為社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展的先導(dǎo)，成為影響生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展的至關(guān)重要的因素?？萍贾R(shí)在社會(huì)生產(chǎn)的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域中得

28、到廣泛傳播和運(yùn)用，勞動(dòng)者的智能和技能得到進(jìn)一步的開(kāi)發(fā)，創(chuàng)造出越來(lái)越多的物質(zhì)和精神財(cái)富，極大地促進(jìn)了世界生產(chǎn)力的發(fā)展，生產(chǎn)社會(huì)化程度日益提高，國(guó)際分工日益強(qiáng)化，各國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)以此為基礎(chǔ)緊密相連，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)入一個(gè)全新的繁榮時(shí)期。同時(shí)，新科技革命使得科技成果積累的速度大大加快，新材料、新產(chǎn)品不斷涌現(xiàn)，大量高科技產(chǎn)業(yè)不斷產(chǎn)生，在世界范圍內(nèi)促進(jìn)了產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整和轉(zhuǎn)移，新的產(chǎn)業(yè)布局開(kāi)始形成。以信息技術(shù)和產(chǎn)業(yè)為主導(dǎo)，以高新技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ)的新興產(chǎn)業(yè)部門(mén)蓬勃興起并迅速發(fā)展，快速取代了傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)而逐漸成為經(jīng)濟(jì)的主導(dǎo)部門(mén)推進(jìn)的重要?jiǎng)恿υ?。全球化的?jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)。市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的強(qiáng)勢(shì)地位不斷增強(qiáng)，跨國(guó)公司的突飛發(fā)展，國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)組織的不斷完

29、善為經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)。首先，市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制成為世界各國(guó)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的首選。20世紀(jì)80年代末至90年代初，世界形勢(shì)發(fā)生了重大變化，東歐巨變，蘇聯(lián)解體，40多年的冷戰(zhàn)格局最終結(jié)束。冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后，國(guó)際形勢(shì)總體上走向緩和。各國(guó)紛紛把發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)列為首要目標(biāo)，普遍擴(kuò)大了對(duì)外開(kāi)放，和平與發(fā)展成為當(dāng)今時(shí)代的兩大主題。前蘇聯(lián)和東歐國(guó)家先后走上了向市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)過(guò)渡的軌道，改行自由市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)，并積極致力于融入西方經(jīng)濟(jì)體系。中國(guó)在長(zhǎng)期的實(shí)踐中，也逐漸認(rèn)識(shí)到計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)的不足和弊端，自1978年起開(kāi)始實(shí)行以市場(chǎng)為導(dǎo)向的、全面的經(jīng)濟(jì)改革，大力推行對(duì)外開(kāi)放，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)同世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的接軌，目前已成為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要組成部分。這一切都說(shuō)

30、明，市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制已成為不同制度、不同發(fā)展層次國(guó)家的共同選擇，市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)已基本實(shí)現(xiàn)了全球化，經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化是以市場(chǎng)為基礎(chǔ)的，沒(méi)有市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)就沒(méi)有生產(chǎn)要素在國(guó)家間的自由流動(dòng)，就談不上全球化。其次，力量不斷壯大的跨國(guó)公司成為經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的中堅(jiān)力量?？鐕?guó)公司是以本國(guó)作為基地，通過(guò)對(duì)外直接投資，在世界各地設(shè)立分支機(jī)構(gòu)和子公司，從事國(guó)際化生產(chǎn)和經(jīng)營(yíng)的企業(yè)?？鐕?guó)公司憑借其雄厚的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力和靈活的經(jīng)營(yíng)戰(zhàn)略，以全球?yàn)楣S，以它所在的各個(gè)國(guó)家為車間，在全球范圍內(nèi)充分利用各地的優(yōu)勢(shì)組織生產(chǎn)和流通，通過(guò)自己廣泛的經(jīng)營(yíng)活動(dòng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了商品和資本等生產(chǎn)要素在全球范圍內(nèi)的整合，促進(jìn)了生產(chǎn)在國(guó)家間的水平分工和垂直分工，使之密切聯(lián)系在一起，從

31、而為經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的發(fā)展打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)的微觀基礎(chǔ)，并成為經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的主要推動(dòng)力和主要載體。最后國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)組織是經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化發(fā)展的組織保障。二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束以后，生產(chǎn)力的不斷提高，生產(chǎn)的國(guó)際化使得越來(lái)越多的商品、資本、勞動(dòng)進(jìn)入國(guó)際交流，各國(guó)的國(guó)際分工和相互依賴性不斷增強(qiáng)。這種日益增強(qiáng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系要求突破原有的國(guó)家間的障礙，實(shí)現(xiàn)全球范圍內(nèi)的更高層次的經(jīng)濟(jì)合作，這就要求有超脫于國(guó)家之外的國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)組織發(fā)揮重要作用。戰(zhàn)后，國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)組織作用日益明顯，國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)作不斷增強(qiáng)。在當(dāng)今國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系中，世行、世貿(mào)組織、國(guó)際貨幣基金組織等世界性經(jīng)濟(jì)組織的調(diào)節(jié)作用越來(lái)越大，而且還表現(xiàn)出進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)的趨勢(shì)。世貿(mào)組織（WTO）所指定的關(guān)于貿(mào)易、投

32、資等方面的制度和規(guī)則，成為規(guī)范全球經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行，創(chuàng)造自由公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境的統(tǒng)一制度和規(guī)則。作為世界金融領(lǐng)域的重要國(guó)際組織，國(guó)際貨幣基金組織（IMF）和世界銀行（WB）也在國(guó)際金融全球化進(jìn)程中扮演了重要角色。這些國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)組織的成立使得國(guó)際貿(mào)易和國(guó)際金融運(yùn)行有了統(tǒng)一的規(guī)則，對(duì)成員國(guó)的經(jīng)貿(mào)活動(dòng)和經(jīng)濟(jì)行為起著協(xié)調(diào)和規(guī)范作用，這些都為經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的發(fā)展起著制度保障作用。Sample AnswerEconomic globalization has been developing fast since 1950s and the following reasons can account for this. On

33、one side, progress in technology provides material foundation and technological methods for globalization. On the other side, market economy system, booming multi-national corporations and international economic organizations also lay a solid economic foundation for globalization. Above all, market

34、economy system became a top choice for most countries. In addition, booming multi-national corporations contribute greatly to the globalization. Last, international economic organizations such as WTO and IMF play important roles in cooperation and coordination. 二、歸納與預(yù)測(cè)模擬試題一篇互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的快速發(fā)展給人類生活的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域產(chǎn)生越來(lái)越重要

35、的影響。在已經(jīng)步入信息化社會(huì)的今天，"上網(wǎng)"已經(jīng)成為了一種時(shí)尚，而在龐大的網(wǎng)民群體中，中學(xué)生占了很大的比例，并且還在逐步增多。上網(wǎng)"沖浪"已經(jīng)成為青少年的"新寵"。面對(duì)不可阻擋的中學(xué)生上網(wǎng)熱潮，如何對(duì)其進(jìn)行正確引導(dǎo)和規(guī)范，已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)前學(xué)校、教師、家長(zhǎng)共同關(guān)注的重要問(wèn)題。根據(jù)了解目前我市的中學(xué)生上網(wǎng)情況，本人將以客觀、公正的態(tài)度審視當(dāng)前上網(wǎng)對(duì)中學(xué)生的利與弊的影響，希望給中學(xué)生、家長(zhǎng)和學(xué)校以借鑒，并從一定程度上給上級(jí)部門(mén)的決策提供參考。網(wǎng)絡(luò)的正面影響是不可否認(rèn)的，其中主要包括以下幾點(diǎn)：首先，開(kāi)闊視野，提高中學(xué)生綜合知識(shí)素養(yǎng)。因特網(wǎng)是一個(gè)信

36、息極其豐富的百科全書(shū)式的世界，信息量大，信息交流速度快，自由度強(qiáng)，而且實(shí)現(xiàn)了全球化信息共享.中學(xué)生在網(wǎng)上可以根據(jù)意愿獲得自己的知識(shí)需求，在網(wǎng)上瀏覽世界，認(rèn)識(shí)世界，了解最新的國(guó)際國(guó)內(nèi)新聞信息，前沿的科技動(dòng)態(tài)等等.這就極大地開(kāi)闊了中學(xué)生的視野，給他們的學(xué)習(xí)、生活帶來(lái)了巨大的便利和樂(lè)趣,使青少年的政治視野、知識(shí)范疇更加開(kāi)闊，從而有助于提高自身文化素養(yǎng),進(jìn)而使青少年的綜合知識(shí)素質(zhì)得到全面提升。其次，提高中學(xué)生人際交往能力。網(wǎng)絡(luò)創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)虛擬的新世界，在這個(gè)新世界里，每一名成員可以超越時(shí)空的制約，十分便利地與相識(shí)或不相識(shí)的人進(jìn)行聯(lián)系和交流，討論共同感興趣的話題。由于網(wǎng)絡(luò)交流的"虛擬"

37、性，避免了人們直面交流時(shí)的摩擦與傷害，從而為他們情感需求的滿足和信息獲取提供了嶄新的交流場(chǎng)所。中學(xué)生上網(wǎng)可以進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)展對(duì)外交流的時(shí)空領(lǐng)域，實(shí)現(xiàn)交流、交友的自由化。同時(shí)，新時(shí)代條件下的中學(xué)生以獨(dú)生子女為多，在家庭環(huán)境中略顯孤獨(dú)，從心理上說(shuō)比較渴望能經(jīng)常與他人保持交流,交換心情,初探人生。現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的交往可能會(huì)給他們特別是內(nèi)向性格的學(xué)生帶來(lái)壓力，而網(wǎng)絡(luò)給了他們一個(gè)新的交往空間和相對(duì)寬松、平等的環(huán)境。通過(guò)上網(wǎng)，可以培養(yǎng)和提高青少年人際交流的能力。第三，促進(jìn)中學(xué)生個(gè)性化發(fā)展。世界是豐富多彩的，人的發(fā)展也應(yīng)該是豐富多彩的。因特網(wǎng)就提供了這個(gè)無(wú)限多樣的發(fā)展機(jī)會(huì)的環(huán)境。中學(xué)生可以在網(wǎng)上找到自己的發(fā)展方向，也

38、可以得到發(fā)展的資源和動(dòng)力。利用因特網(wǎng)就可以學(xué)習(xí)、研究乃至創(chuàng)新，這樣的學(xué)習(xí)可能成為一種相當(dāng)有效率的學(xué)習(xí)方式。網(wǎng)上可供學(xué)習(xí)的知識(shí)浩如煙海，這給中學(xué)生進(jìn)行大跨度的聯(lián)想和想象提供了十分廣闊的領(lǐng)域，為創(chuàng)造性思維不斷地輸送養(yǎng)料.比如,一些電腦游戲在一定程度上也能強(qiáng)化中學(xué)生的邏輯思維能力。第四，有助于創(chuàng)新青少年思想教育的手段和方法。利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行德育教育工作，教育者可以以網(wǎng)友的身份和青少年在網(wǎng)上“毫無(wú)顧忌”地進(jìn)行真實(shí)心態(tài)的平等交流，這對(duì)于德育工作者摸清、摸準(zhǔn)青少年的思想并開(kāi)展正面引導(dǎo)和全方位溝通提供了新的快捷的方法。此外，由于網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息的傳播具有實(shí)時(shí)性和交互性的特點(diǎn)，青少年可以同時(shí)和多個(gè)教育者或教育信息保持快速

39、互動(dòng)，從而提高思想互動(dòng)的頻率，提高教育效果；由于網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息具有可下載性、可儲(chǔ)存性等延時(shí)性特點(diǎn)，可延長(zhǎng)教育者和受教育者思想互動(dòng)的時(shí)間，為青少年提供“全天候”的思想引導(dǎo)和教育。還可以網(wǎng)上相約，網(wǎng)下聚會(huì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)上德育工作的滋潤(rùn)和補(bǔ)充，從而及時(shí)化解矛盾，起到溫暖人心，調(diào)動(dòng)積極性，激發(fā)創(chuàng)造力的作用。 然而，唯物辯證法告訴我們，任何事物都有兩面性.網(wǎng)絡(luò)作為信息社會(huì)的技術(shù)新生兒，也毫無(wú)例外地具有雙面特征。具體而言, 中學(xué)生上網(wǎng)可能產(chǎn)生如下幾個(gè)弊端:首先，網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息的豐富性易對(duì)中學(xué)生造成“信息污染”。網(wǎng)絡(luò)是一個(gè)信息的寶庫(kù)，同時(shí)也是一個(gè)信息的垃圾場(chǎng)。網(wǎng)上各種信息良莠并存，真假難辨，由于缺乏有效的監(jiān)管，網(wǎng)上色情、反動(dòng)

40、等負(fù)面的信息屢見(jiàn)不鮮。同時(shí)，網(wǎng)絡(luò)的互動(dòng)性與平等性，又使得人們可以在一個(gè)絕對(duì)自由的環(huán)境下接收和傳播信息。這些不良信息對(duì)于身體、心理都正處于發(fā)育期，是非辨別能力、自我控制能力和選擇能力都比較弱的中學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，難以抵擋不良信息的負(fù)面影響,對(duì)于青少年科學(xué)世界觀、人生觀、價(jià)值觀的形成構(gòu)成潛在威脅.其次，網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息傳播的任意性容易弱化中學(xué)生的道德意識(shí)。豐富多彩的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)信息極大地豐富了中學(xué)生的精神世界，但是由于信息傳播的任意性，形形色色的思潮、觀念也充斥其間，對(duì)于自我監(jiān)控能力不強(qiáng)、極富好奇心的中學(xué)生具有極大的誘惑力，極易導(dǎo)致道德規(guī)范的缺失。同時(shí)，由于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上信息接受和傳播的隱蔽性，使中學(xué)生容易受不良思想、行為的

41、誘導(dǎo)而放縱自己的行為，完全按照自己的意愿來(lái)做自己想做的事，忘卻了社會(huì)責(zé)任。此外，還有一些非法組織或個(gè)人也在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布擾亂社會(huì)人倫的黑色信息，蠱惑青少年。這些信息垃圾將弱化中學(xué)生的思想道德意識(shí)，污染中學(xué)生的心靈，誤導(dǎo)中學(xué)生的行為。最后，網(wǎng)絡(luò)的虛擬性容易造成中學(xué)生社會(huì)化的“不足”。網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以及時(shí)傳送文字、聲音、圖像，為中學(xué)生人際交往提供多媒體化、互動(dòng)性的立體途徑。網(wǎng)上收發(fā)電子郵件方便、快捷， QQ新奇、及時(shí)，聊天室輕松愉快，BBS的討論自由、廣泛等等，中學(xué)生通過(guò)這些途徑可以與許多互不相識(shí)的人交談、來(lái)往，互相傾訴，互相幫助。但是，這種社會(huì)化只是一種虛擬的社會(huì)化，人與人之間的交往存在機(jī)器的阻隔，是一種“人

42、機(jī)符號(hào)符號(hào)機(jī)人”形式的交往。這種形式的交往去除了互動(dòng)雙方的諸多社會(huì)屬性，帶有“去社會(huì)化”的特征，與真實(shí)社會(huì)情境中的社會(huì)化相去甚遠(yuǎn)。而且，網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的交往范圍大多只限于青少年與青少年之間的同輩交流，中學(xué)生與家長(zhǎng)、親戚朋友、老師等之間的社會(huì)互動(dòng)較少，代際間的學(xué)習(xí)、互動(dòng)明顯不足。從而導(dǎo)致社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)間的交往、交流相對(duì)匱乏，中學(xué)生融入社會(huì)的程度明顯不足。第五節(jié) 情景作文一、歷年試題分析2008Directions: In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following information. Make comments

43、 and express your own opinion. You should write at least 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.以往許多人報(bào)考成人高校，是為圓文憑夢(mèng)。如今，手持本科、碩士文憑，回頭重新考大學(xué)的大有人在。據(jù)報(bào)道，今年報(bào)名全國(guó)成人高考的上?？忌?，有390名本科畢業(yè)生，15名碩士生。2009Directions: It is known that text message has both advantages and disadvantages. Some people think it is a blessing, while ot

44、hers regard it as a hell. In this section, you are asked to write on text messaging. You can take either stand and provide specific reasons and examples to support your idea. You should write at least 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.二、模板歸納積木模板+萬(wàn)能例子現(xiàn)象段（第一段）It is now prevalent (Topic Sentence把中文翻譯成安全的英文

45、). As its serious consequence falls into our focus, it is understandable that it will increasingly arouse public attention. As a report issued by China Information Survey Center reveals, X%(一個(gè)合適的百分比) of people tend to (做這件事情). Obviously, it is imperative that it should be looked into immediately and

46、 carefully. 原因段（第二段）Why (把topic sentence再表達(dá)一次，一般問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序)？Reasons may vary from person to person, place to place and time to time. On one hand, it is deeply rooted in current social situation. Since reform and opening-up two decades ago, great changes have taken place in our country, which are supposed

47、to lead to this phenomenon. On the one hand, it may be related to our understanding of this world. Since we are now more exposed to various thoughts and ideas than ever before, we have no other alternative but to (做這件事情).措施段（第三段）It is desirable that immediate and effective measured be taken as possi

48、ble solutions. For one thing, government should call for attention to this phenomenon from people in all walks of life and every one of us should pay our share for its improvement. For another, it is also of great importance to enhance peoples awareness so that they can play a more active role in so

49、lving this problem. In short, only in this way can we (解決核心問(wèn)題).萬(wàn)能段 （任何一段）A段(Topic Sentence把提綱中文翻譯成英文). I once read an article written by a professor from Peking University in 21st Century Newspaper and it is entitled “ X(核心詞) in Modern World”. The author regards it is as an inescapable fact tha

50、t (該現(xiàn)象，句子). Therefore, it is far from unusual that (重述topic sentence).B段(Topic Sentence把提綱中文翻譯成英文). Mr. X, my college English teacher/ a businessman in a southern province, is just a case in point. In his life, he always (做這件事情) and is acclaimed/disputed by all people around him. Therefore, it is fa

51、r from unusual that (重述topic sentence).三、預(yù)測(cè)試題Topic 1The government call on young people to work in western provinces but many fresh graduates still would like to work in eastern coastal cities. Please write a passage of about 150 words to express your view on this phenomenon. Topic 2An increasing nu

52、mber of people like to keep a pet at home but many others are opposed to this practice. You can take either stand and provide specific reasons and examples to support your idea. You should write at least 150 words.第六節(jié) 圖表作文一、歷年試題分析2007In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the foll

53、owing table, in which you shoulddescribe the table and state your opinions drawn from it.You should write at least 150 English words.Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET2. (15 points)Accidents in a Chinese City (2005)Main accident causesNumber of accidents in 2005Percentage rise (+) or fall (-) over 200

54、41. drivers turning left without due care608+ 10%2. drivers traveling too close to other vehicles411+ 9%3. pedestrians crossing roads carelessly401+ 12%4. drivers driving under the influence of alcohol281+ 15%5. drivers failing to give a signal264- 5%1997年Directions: A. Study the following set of pi

55、ctures carefully and write an essay in no less than 120. B. Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.C. Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below: 1. Interpret the following pictures. 2. Predict the tendency of tobacco consumption and give you

56、r reason. 世界煙草總產(chǎn)量 世界吸煙人口比例As is shown in the pictures, we can see the following information. The bar informs us that the total output of tobacco in the world is 14.364 billion pounds in 1994, whereas the yield in 1995 is 14.2 billion pounds. The pie tells us that the whole population on the earth is 5.8 billion, of which there are 1.1 billion smokers, accounting for 20 percentage of the total. In the picture, we can also see that 200 billion dollars were spent