初中定語(yǔ)從句課件精心完全版1

1、A matchingA matching game game！Match the two sentences1.Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. _2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese._ 3.I dont like the man. He is smoking._4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week._ Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.He is

2、 a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.I dont like the man who is smoking.Where is the picture that you bought last week?什么是定語(yǔ)從句呢？什么是定語(yǔ)從句呢？答案：修飾前面某一名詞或代詞答案：修飾前面某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。 結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)： 先行詞先行詞 + 關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞 + 句子句子 定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句 The man who lives next to us is a policeman.先行詞先行詞_ 關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞_ 定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句先行詞：被定

3、語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞。先行詞：被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞。關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞：關(guān)系代詞：that, which, who, whom, whose關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞: when, where, why關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞that, which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句: 如果如果先行詞先行詞是表示物的是表示物的名詞或代詞名詞或代詞，關(guān)系，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用代詞應(yīng)用that、which. (作作主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)或或賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ))關(guān)系代詞：關(guān)系代詞： 指物：指物：that which 指人：指人：who (主主/賓格賓格) that whom（賓格）（賓格）This is a dream.The dream will neve

4、r come true.This is a dream which/that will never come true.The dog has been found.The dog was lost.The dog which was lost has been found.which / that 作主語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ). (不能省不能省)（作主語(yǔ)）（作主語(yǔ)）（作主語(yǔ)）（作主語(yǔ)）Practise: This is the house .The house is for sale. This is the house which is for sale. 2. The book is mine. It

5、is lying on the floor The book which is lying on the floor is mine.which / that 作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ) ： （可省略）可省略）This is the card.Ive just received the card.This is the card which / that Ive just received.Practise: This is the mistake . I always make the mistake . This is the mistake which /that I always make. 2.T

6、he pen is lost. My father bought it for me last week.1. The pen that/which my father bought for me last week is lost.（ ） （作賓語(yǔ)）（作賓語(yǔ)）（ ）（ ） 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞who, that, whom引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句句: 如果如果先行詞先行詞是表示人的名詞或代詞，是表示人的名詞或代詞，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用who, that (作作主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)或或賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ))whom (作作賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ))who / that 作主語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ). (不能省不能省)This is the fil

7、m star.The film star is very popular in China.This is the film star who is very popular in China. The boy is called Roy. He broke the window The boy who broke the window is called Roy. 2. Do you know the girl？ The girl spoke at the meeting yesterday. Do you know the girl who spoke at the meeting yes

8、terday?/ that(作主語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ))who / whom / that 作賓語(yǔ)：作賓語(yǔ)：( 可省略可省略)The man is a famous writer. He described the man just now.The man ( who/ whom/ that ) he described just now is a famous writer. (作賓語(yǔ)）作賓語(yǔ)） The boy is my friend. I will visit him. The boy who(m) I will visit is my friend. 2. The pen has been foun

9、d. She lost it last night. The pen that she lost last night has been found. 小結(jié)：小結(jié)：關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞 先行詞先行詞 所作成分所作成分that 指人指人,指物，指物， 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)(不能省不能省)；作賓語(yǔ)；作賓語(yǔ)(可省可省)which 指物，指物， 主語(yǔ)（不能?。┲髡Z(yǔ)（不能?。?作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)(可省可省) who 指人，指人， 主語(yǔ)（不能?。┲髡Z(yǔ)（不能省）;作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)(可省可省)（常用（常用whom） 注意1、關(guān)系詞在句中的作用：、關(guān)系詞在句中的作用：_2、定語(yǔ)從句中相當(dāng)于先行詞的詞不再重復(fù)出現(xiàn)、定語(yǔ)從句中相當(dāng)于先行詞的詞不

10、再重復(fù)出現(xiàn)3、定語(yǔ)從句要緊跟先行詞之后。、定語(yǔ)從句要緊跟先行詞之后。4、當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)、當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式由定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式由先行詞定。先行詞定。 I like the present that he gave me. The park （that/which） is near my house is beautiful.Practise:判斷并找出錯(cuò)誤判斷并找出錯(cuò)誤1）The photos that he took them in Beijing are nice.2）She will buy the books which was

11、written by Laoshe. 3）The film is interesting which I saw last week.5、He is the only one of the students who is invited to America.He is one of the students who are invited to America.先行詞先行詞先行詞先行詞注意注意 One of the students to America.is invited有時(shí)只能用有時(shí)只能用 that , 不用不用 which, 常見(jiàn)的情況有五種：常見(jiàn)的情況有五種： 當(dāng)先行詞是當(dāng)先行詞是

12、 all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, nothing , everybody,nobody, everyone, no one 或被它們修飾時(shí)?；虮凰鼈冃揎棔r(shí)。 Thats all that I know. Is there anything that I can do for you? He answered few questions that the teacher asked.2. 當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)That is the most interesting book

13、that I have ever read.The first thing that I should do is to review lessons.3. 當(dāng)先行詞有當(dāng)先行詞有no,the very, the only, the same等修飾時(shí)。等修飾時(shí)。Thats the only thing that I can do now.These are the very words that he used.4. 當(dāng)主句以當(dāng)主句以 who 或或 which開頭時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句的開頭時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞用關(guān)系詞用 that, 而不用而不用 which 或或 who.Who is the girl

14、that spoke to you just now?Which is the pen that you lost ?5. 先行詞同時(shí)包括人或物時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用先行詞同時(shí)包括人或物時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用that.The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate.用用which不用不用that的情況的情況1.介詞提前時(shí)指人用介詞提前時(shí)指人用whom，指物用，指物用which。The boy that/ who(m) you are looking for is over there.The boy for whom you are

15、looking is over there.The city that/which I live in is beautiful.The city in which I live is beautiful.2.在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中。在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中。Beijing that/ which is the capital of China has a long history.Beijing ,which is the capital of China ,has a long history. (不用that)關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞whose連接的定語(yǔ)從句連接的定語(yǔ)從句whose ,既可指人，也可指物；

16、用作定語(yǔ)既可指人，也可指物；用作定語(yǔ),表示所屬關(guān)系。表示所屬關(guān)系。 The boy is my classmate. The boys father is a policeman.The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate.The house is beautiful. Its wall is yellow.The house whose wall is yellow is beautiful.試一試A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan( 孤兒孤兒).A. who B. whos

17、e C. whos D. which試一試吧試一試吧 例句賞析例句賞析Its an invention which /that is used for keeping off the rain . 飄飄Its a book that/which was written by Margaret Mitchell. Gone with the wind( )Its the Wall that /which was built by Chinese people.( )Its an animal that/which.擴(kuò)充句子看我的Its an animal that / which has big

18、 nose（lives on the land/is very big）.I like the park_.Exercise 1 :用關(guān)系代詞填空用關(guān)系代詞填空 The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate. The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister. I hate people _ talk much but do little. The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who / thatwhich/ tha

19、twho / thatwhich / that5. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.6. Is there a student _ father is a business man?7. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.8.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)指人和物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.Exercise 2. My

20、 father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember. Say all _ you know. Is there anything _ I can do for you?thatthatthat當(dāng)先行詞是something, anything, nothing, all 等詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.4.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here.5. This is the best novel _

21、I have read.thatthat當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞，最高級(jí)序數(shù)詞，最高級(jí)等詞修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree?7. Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.當(dāng)主句是who或或which 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句，而中心詞指人或物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.thatthat1.I still keep the letters . She wrote the letters to me.2. I lost the pen . My father bo

22、ught me the pen. 3. The girl is my cousin .She is watering the flowers.4. Was the house big ? He wanted to sell it.5. The car is new. We travelled in a car.6. I like the park. We played in the park last week. I lost the pen which my father bought me.I still keep the letters which she wrote to me.The

23、 girl who is watering the flowers is my cousin.Was the house that he wanted to sell big? The car that we travelled in is new. I like the park that we played in last week.關(guān)系副詞：關(guān)系副詞：關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞 先行詞先行詞 所作成分所作成分when the time/day/year 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)where the place/park/city 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)why the reason 原因狀語(yǔ)原因狀語(yǔ) when 作時(shí)間狀

24、語(yǔ)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):She will never forget the day.She was married on that day.She will never forget the day when (=on which) she was married.It was the year.The World War I broke out in the year.It was the year when (= in which) the World War I broke out.When = 介詞介詞 + which where 作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) where = 介詞介詞 + whichI

25、 want to know the place.I was born there.I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born.The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.The table is a new one. She is sitting at the table.why 作原因狀語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ), 其先行詞常常是其先行詞常常是the reason.That is the reason why(= for which) Im late.I know th

26、e reason why he said it.why = for whichThe factory _I visited last month was built two years ago. The factory _my father is working was built two years ago.I will remember the days _we spent together in Qingdao. I will remember the days _we stayed together in Qingdao .This is the reason _he gave me.This is the reason _he didnt pass the exam.thatwherethatwhenthat