雅思作文犯罪題材Crime

1、引言9.犯罪題材Crime青少年犯罪話題是否應限制媒體中的犯罪細節(jié)持續(xù)犯罪的原因以及解決途徑犯罪后應該被關進監(jiān)獄還是應該進行社區(qū)服務延長刑期是不是減低犯罪的最有效方法對待犯罪分子，提高教育和工作的培訓是不是比將他們送進監(jiān)獄的更好辦法 出現(xiàn)反社會的原因及解決方法女性選擇步入職場，沒時間照看家庭是導致青少年犯罪的原因之一么 犯罪話題真題再現(xiàn)There are now detailed reports about crimes on TV and newspapers. Some people say that crime details should be restricted in the me

2、dia. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?關鍵詞解讀：是否限制媒體上的犯罪細節(jié)2009917 Some people think lawbreakers should be sent to prisons while others claim they should be made to work in communities . Discuss both and give your own opinion. 關鍵詞解讀：將犯罪分子關進監(jiān)獄還是進行社區(qū)服務 20090613 Research suggests

3、that the majority of criminals who were sent to prison would continue to commit crimes when set free . Why do you think this is the case?What can be done to solve this problem?關鍵詞解讀：持續(xù)犯罪的原因Today there is a great increase inanti-social behavior and lack of respect toothers. What are the causes of thi

4、s? What measures can be taken to reduce this problem ?關鍵詞解讀：分析反社會行為的原因In many parts of the world children and teenagers are committing more crimes. Why is this case happening? How should children or teenagers be punished?關鍵詞解讀：青少年犯罪juvenile delinquency )鏈接機經(jīng)關鍵詞 青少年犯罪的原因 (the reasons for the growing

5、number ofyoung offenders / teenageroad)的原因是多種多樣的 (manifold ) ,缺乏家庭的關愛及正確的引導 (lack ,甚至是有些家庭存在著家庭暴力青少年犯罪成上升趨勢 (the increasing number of criminals)青少年走上犯罪的道路 (embark on the criminal其一是：例如在單親家庭(single parent family)(domestic violence/of connectedness and lack of parental care)family violence) ,不要給孩子貼上消極

6、意義的標簽(label)其二是： 社會的原因 (be led astray in the complicated society)其三是：科技的原因，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和手機為犯罪提供了新的渠道(a new avenue forcommitting crimes)其四是：學校的原因，學生承受的同伴帶來的壓力及學業(yè)壓力、競爭壓力(peer pressure(the violent scenesand study pressure, the heated competition)其五是：媒體上包括電視、電影、廣告等上面的暴力和血腥的場面on the media , pornographic or vulgar

7、 forms of media)。其六是： 青少年犯罪心理 (psychology of juvenile delinquency)怎樣盡量避免青少年犯罪為了降低犯罪(crack down youth crime),在解決減少犯罪方面共同努力(join hands inminimizing the rate of crime) ：教育起著不和或缺的作用(Education has an indispensable role to play),對于家庭教育(parenting role) , 家長要教孩子 (respect others , observe the rules and regul

8、ations of school),給孩子樹立正確的人生觀和世界觀(world outlook and a setof decent values )。學校應該豐富學生們的生活 (enrich students ' life),開設各種各樣的活動(various activities) ,培養(yǎng)友誼(build up friendship ),樹立自信(confidence) 和對未來的憧 憬(aspiration for the future)。一個重要的原因可以被歸結為新的科技媒介上的信息泛濫(one the of mostcontributing factors of youth

9、crime could be attributed to the wide access to the technological products like mobile phones and bloody contents on TV),因此政府部門應該加強對媒體的監(jiān)管(the supervision of the media),媒體上的犯罪細節(jié)應該加以控制，因為年輕人的世界觀和價值觀在形成的過程中，有時缺乏辨別是非的能力(distinguish between the right and wrong)；同時力強對網(wǎng)絡游戲 (computer games) 和網(wǎng)吧(cyber caf e)

10、的管理。詞匯部分commit crimes 犯罪【題干原句】 Research suggests that the majority of criminalswho were sent to prisonwould continue to commit crimes when set free .研究表明關進監(jiān)獄的大部分犯罪分子被釋放后還會持續(xù)犯罪。詞匯拓展commit a crime犯罪crime prevention預防犯罪petty crime輕微犯罪crack down crime打擊犯罪blackmail勒索hijack劫持kidnap綁架plunder搶劫shoplift入店行竊s

11、muggle加gamble賭博pirate盜版criminal n,罪犯adj,刑事的，犯罪的，罪惡的【經(jīng)典搭配】criminal minds犯罪心理criminal motivation犯罪動機criminal record 法犯罪記錄【題干原句】 Habitual criminals threaten the public security to a large degree.慣犯從很大程度上威脅著公共安全。crime details犯罪細節(jié)【題干原句】 There are now detailed reports about crimes on TV and newspapers. So

12、me people say that crime details should berestricted in the media.現(xiàn)在電視、報紙會有犯罪的詳細報道。有些人認為媒體應該限制犯罪細節(jié)的報道。思路拓展限制媒體上的犯罪細節(jié) Would-be criminals learn how to commit crimesthrough the crime details reported on TV, and the rate of crimewill be hovering at high level.（潛在犯罪分子會學習犯罪細節(jié)，犯罪率會繼續(xù)上升） detailed reports of

13、 crimes may be the nightmaresto the victims, especially of the graphic accounts of crimes.（對于受害者來說不公平，尤其是出現(xiàn)一些關于他們的畫面）juvenile delinquency青少年犯罪【同義表達】youth crime【經(jīng)典搭配】prevention of juvenile delinquency預防青少年違法犯罪【題干原句】 Many of the problems young people now experience, such asjuveniledelinquency , arise

14、from the fact that many married women now work and are not at home to care for their children.現(xiàn)在年輕人面臨的像青少年犯罪等問題，是源自于許多已婚女性走進職場，無法在家照看孩子。詞匯拓展關于“青少年”的幾種說法adolescentjuvenileteenagerunderageyoungsteryouthcrime rate【題干原句】The best way to decrease the crime rate is to extend the period of sentence for crim

15、inals.降低犯罪率最好的方法就是延長罪犯的刑期。juvenile crime rate 青少年犯罪率【同義表達】adolescent crime rate青少年犯罪率the rate of crime among youth青少年犯罪率the rate of youth crime青少年犯罪率【即學即用】 Juvenile crime rate has aroused great concern in the society.青少年違法犯罪率問題已經(jīng)成為社會關注程度最高的問題之一。思路拓展Reasons for the rising rate of juvenile delinquency

16、1 學校的壓力 Failure in school:The mounting pressure from school and society gives rise to the youth crime. For one thing, they are confronted with the exam-oriented education and suffer from the study pressure.Failure at school includes poor academic performance, poor attendance, or more likely, droppin

17、g out of school. This is an important factor for predicting future criminal behavior. Leaving school early reduces the chance that juveniles will develop their social skills that are gained in school, such as learning to meet deadlines, following instructions, and being able to deal constructively w

18、ith their peers.2 .社會影響 Social FactorsChanges in the social structure may indirectly affect juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that lead to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment in general. When they enter the society toseeka job, prejudice, misunderstandin

19、g and bias are the barriers and may create the alienation.3 .家庭影響 Lack of Parental SupervisionFamilies have also experienced changes with the last 25 years.Morefamilies consist of one-parent households or two working parents; consequently, children are likely to have less supervision at home that wa

20、s commonin the traditional family structure. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates.Families are important to consider when trying to explain juvenile delinquency. The family unit is crucial to a child ' s development and healthy upbringing, in ad

21、dition, much of what a child learns is through their family or guardians. A criminal parent can teach their child adverse lessons about life when their child views or witnesses their parents'delinquent behavior.Besides, the juvenile delinquency can be attributed to the rising divorce rate and fa

22、mily violence. Children' spsychology may be distorted and have some mental problem.4 . 其他因素 Other Factors: drug, child abuse, crime detailson media, peer pressureOther identifiable causes of delinquent acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased availability of drugs and alcohol

23、, and the growing incidence of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal actThe crime details and violent pictures on the media are vital causes to be considered. Another factor to be considered is the peer pressure.crime-ri

24、dden adj.犯罪猖獗的，充滿犯罪行為的【同義表達】full of crimes充滿犯罪行為的【即學即用】It is unfriendly, crime-ridden and filled with alcoholics and peoplewho dump trash everywhere.這是個很不好的地方，犯罪現(xiàn)象頻繁，很多人醉酒，垃圾隨意丟棄。would-be criminals 潛在犯罪分子【同義表達】would-be law offenders 潛在犯罪分子；potential criminals 潛在犯罪分子【即學即用】An ordinance that excludes o

25、ffenders orwould-be criminals in a zoneof a city could shift the problem elsewhere.將犯罪分子或潛在罪犯逐出某一城區(qū)的法令，會給其他地區(qū)帶來問題。career criminal 職業(yè)罪犯【即學即用】Once the juveniles reach maturation, their socially unacceptablebehavior has grown into a life style and theydevelop into careercriminals .一旦青年人長大后，對社會叛逆的行為就變成了

26、他們的生活方式，進而發(fā)展成為職業(yè)犯罪。habitual criminal 【法律】慣犯，屢次犯罪被判刑者【即學即用】Negative transformation leads to repeated crimes and eventually, theactor becomes a habitual criminal .負面的轉(zhuǎn)化引發(fā)重復犯罪，行為人最后轉(zhuǎn)變成慣犯。offendern. 罪犯，冒犯者，違法者【同義表達】violator n. 違背者，違反者；law-breaker n. 違法者【經(jīng)典搭配】juvenile offender青少年罪犯【即學即用】The compassionate

27、 judge gave the young offender a light sentence.慈悲的法官從輕判處了那個年輕罪犯。violatorn. 違背者，違反者，妨礙者【同義表達】law-breaker n. 違法者；offender n. 罪犯，違法者【經(jīng)典搭配】violate the law違反法律【即學即用】If the violator causes any property losses or any other damages,theviolator shall bear civil liabilities.造成財產(chǎn)損失或者其他損害的，依法承擔民事責任law-breaker

28、n. 違法者，犯法的人【同源詞匯】lawbreaking adj. 違反法律的n. 違反法律【同義表達】violator n. 違背者，違反者；offender n. 罪犯，違法者【經(jīng)典搭配】break the law違反法律【題干原句】Some people think lawbreakers should be sent to prisons while othersclaim they should be made to work in communities .有些人認為違法者應該關進監(jiān)獄，而另一些人認為他們應該進行社區(qū)服務。infraction n. 破壞，違犯，違背【同義表達】de

29、linquency n. 行為不良，違法犯罪；offense n. 犯罪，過錯【經(jīng)典搭配】infraction of law違法infraction of regulations違反規(guī)則【即學即用】Juveniles, like adults, can be charge with a felony, a misdemeanor, oran infraction .青少年和成年人一樣，被指控為重罪、行為不端或違反。moral panics 道德恐慌【即學即用】 The level and types of youth crime can be used by commentators as a

30、n indicator of the general state of morality and law and order in a country, and consequently youth crime can be the source of' moral panics '評論家們把少年犯罪的層次和類型作為國家道德、法律和秩序的一項總體指標，因此青少年犯罪造成了道德恐慌。truantn.曠課者，懶惰的人 adj.曠課的，偷懶的 vi.逃學，偷懶【經(jīng)典搭配】play truant 逃學【即學即用】 Children who perform poorly at schoo

31、l are also more likely to truant , which is also linked to offending.在學校成績差的孩子們更加容易逃學，這也和犯罪有關聯(lián)。worthlessness n.無價值【同源詞匯】worth adj.值得的；有價值的；worthless adj.無價值的；worthyadj.值得的，有價值的【即學即用】 The inability to complete assignments and getting bad grades may create self-esteem problems, feelings of alienation

32、or worthlessness.完不成作業(yè)、學習成績不好就會導致自尊心問題，感覺被疏遠或是自己毫無價值。conduct disorder 品行障礙，行為失?！炯磳W即用】 The aggressive boys had been given a diagnosis ofaggressive conductdisorder and had been in trouble for starting fights, using a weapon and stealing from their victims.這些具有攻擊性的男孩已經(jīng)被診斷為攻擊性行為障礙，并且開始制造打架、 使用武器和盜竊等麻煩。s

33、how disregard for 不尊重【同義表達】show disrespect for不尊重【即學即用】Juvenile delinquents show a continuous disregard for their own and others safety and property.少年犯對自己和別人的財產(chǎn)和安全都表示出不尊重。anti-social personality 【心理學】反社會人格【即學即用】 In all abnormal personalities, crimes caused by anti-social personality are the most.在所

34、有的不正常人格中，反社會人格引起的違法犯罪行為最多。label as 將稱作，把說成是【經(jīng)典搭配】be labeled as 將稱作【即學即用】 According to the labeling theory, once a person is labelled, he will become such a kind of person as the label describes. 標簽理論認為，人一旦被貼上某種標簽，就會成為標簽所標定的那種人: 背景拓展標簽理論(labeling theory)認為，犯罪是社會互動的產(chǎn)物， 而個人被有意義的他人一一如教師，親戚，警察等貼上標簽，描述 為偏

35、差行為或犯罪者，他就逐漸自我修正，而成為偏差行為者或犯 罪者。root cause【同義表達】primary cause主要原因【經(jīng)典搭配】touch the root cause potential causes and root cause【即學即用】The root causes of crimethose causes successfully觸及根本原因潛在原因和根本原因are many and diverse. Any hope of addressing requires multi-faceted strategies, which canbe implemented by n

36、eighborhoods, communities and various levels of government.犯罪的根本原因是多重的。成功解決問題的希望在于采取多種策略，需要社區(qū)、及各級政府的共同努力。direct cause 直接原因【考官例句】It is certainly true that the position of womenin society has undergonea dramatic change in the past twenty years but I do not feel that thisis a direct cause of the indisp

37、utable increase in juvenile-related problems during this period.過去二十年間，女性的地位確實是發(fā)生了很大的變化，但是我不認為它是這期間導致與青少年相關問題的原因?！揪浼芴釤挕縄t is certainly true that 確實是be a direct cause of 的直接原因be vulnerable to 易受的攻擊，易受的侵害【即學即用】 Most parents worry about that their childrenare vulnerable to theharmful impact in society.

38、家長最擔心的就是孩子容易受到社會的不良影響。詞匯拓展關于“容易”的幾個說法be liable tobe apt tobe prone tobe vulnerable tobe likely topropensity n.傾向，習性，癖好，偏愛【經(jīng)典搭配】propensity to consume消費傾向propensity to invest投資傾向have a propensity for sth.有的傾向【即學即用】 These juvenile offenders are in need of treatment because they have a negative disposit

39、ion and high propensity to continue committing crime . 少年犯需要救治，因為他們性情消極，有極大可能繼續(xù)犯罪。deviant adj.不正常的，離經(jīng)叛道的 n.不正常者，偏常者【同義表達】divergent adj.相異的，分歧的；aberrant adj.脫離常軌的【經(jīng)典搭配】deviant behavior異常行為，越軌行為【即學即用】 Once labelled as deviant , a young person may accept that role, and be more likely to associate with

40、others who have been similarly labelled. 一旦年輕人被貼上行為異常的標簽，他就會接受這個定位，也就更容易和那些相似的人混在一起。problematic adj.成問題的，有疑問的【經(jīng)典搭配】problematic behavior有問題的行為problematic issues棘手問題【即學即用】 Failure to develop communication skills maylead to more problematicbehavior , such as truancy, running away from home, or more ser

41、ious acts, such as vandalism, petty theft or violence.沒能養(yǎng)成良好的溝通技巧會導致很多的有問題的行為，如逃學、離家出走，或是更嚴重的行為如故意破壞他人財產(chǎn)、偷竊或是暴力行為。思路拓展Teens in trouble（青少年成長過程中遇到的問題） Low self-esteem自尊心 Sexual problems in youths兩性問題 Behavioral issues of teen怪異行為 Drugs and alcohol abuse毒品與酒精 Runaways problem of Kids 離家出走 Play truant逃

42、學resist the temptation 抵制誘惑，抵擋住誘惑【經(jīng)典搭配】resist the temptation of抵住的誘惑【即學即用】 Few people can resist the temptation of drugs.很少人能抵擋住毒品的誘惑。distinguish between （among）區(qū)另1J, 分辨【同義表達】distinguish right from wrong辨別是非【經(jīng)典搭配】distinguish between right and wrong辨別是非distinguish between fantasy and reality明辨虛幻與現(xiàn)實【即

43、學即用】 For young people who are addicted to the computer games , it is rather difficult to distinguish between fantasy and reality.對于沉迷于網(wǎng)絡游戲的年輕人來說，很難明辨虛幻與現(xiàn)實。breeding ground（某種活動、思想等產(chǎn)生的）溫床，發(fā)源地【即學即用】 The district was a breeding ground for vice.那地區(qū)是罪惡的滋生地。community service 社區(qū)服務【經(jīng)典搭配】community nursing ser

44、vice社區(qū)護理服務【即學即用】 Prisoners can be put to work in community service projects, which can provide the prisoners with valuable training, develop the sense of social responsibility.可以讓囚犯進行社區(qū)服務，這樣可以對他們進行有意義的培訓，培養(yǎng)他們的社會責任感。penalty n.罰款，處罰【同義表達】punishment n.懲罰；retribution n.報應，懲罰【經(jīng)典搭配】impose heavy penalty on

45、嚴懲pay the penalty遭受懲罰the extreme penalty死開U, 極開Uunder（或 on）penalty of受的處罰【即學即用】 He will receive the penalty for own behavior.他將為自己的所做所為受到懲罰。punitive adj.處罰的，懲罰的【經(jīng)典搭配】punitive measure懲罰措施punitive sanction懲罰性制裁being【即學即用】 Precise details of how to enforce these punitive measures are still worked out.如

46、何施行這些懲罰性措施的具體細節(jié)還在進一步討論之中。思路拓展青少年犯罪的解決方法reinforce education of children的教育strengthen the family ties加強對孩子增進家庭感情關注家庭撫育d持、proper guidance and support適當?shù)闹笇Ш椭sychological guidance心理引導imprison【同源詞匯】【經(jīng)典搭配】【題干原句】vt.關押，監(jiān)禁imprisonment n.監(jiān)禁，關押； imprisoned adj. 監(jiān)禁的life imprisonment終身監(jiān)禁Criminals are imprisoned

47、, many argue think that education and job training should replace the former to deal with criminals.對于處置罪犯，很多人認為教育和工作培訓應該代替監(jiān)禁。思路拓展將犯罪分子關進監(jiān)獄的說法:sending criminals to prisonbe imprisonedbring sb into jailsbe locked up in prisons將犯罪分子關進監(jiān)獄的原因: Imprisonment of criminals can ensure a safe livingenvironment

48、 for the law-abiding citizens.生活在安全的環(huán)境中）（確保守法的市民 Sending criminals to prison is the best deterrent to those potential criminals and scare off the would-be criminals.（阻止了潛在犯罪分子） For the rights of victims, it is a spiritualconsolation to the victims.是個精神安慰）（維護了受害者權益，對他們來說release【同義表達】【經(jīng)典搭配】vt.釋放，解放n.釋

49、放set free 釋放be released from the prison be set free from the prison release one ' s frustrations release the newson release釋放被釋放發(fā)泄不滿情緒 發(fā)布新聞（電影）在公映，發(fā)行pay much attention to family upbringingHe was released from prison after serving a sentence of five years.他在服刑五年后從獄中釋放出來。anti-social behavior反社會行為【

50、題干原句】Today there is a great increase inanti-social behavior and lack ofrespect to others.現(xiàn)在反社會行為及對別人不尊重的行為大幅增加?！揪浼芴釤挕縯here is a great increase in 大幅增加（此句型適用于圖表作文）embark on 開始（工作），著手，從事【經(jīng)典搭配】embark on the criminal road走上犯罪道路embark on sth開始著手做某事【即學即用】Many young people are misled by the misbehavior in

51、society andembarkon the criminal road .很多年輕人因為社會上的不良行影響而誤入歧途，進而走上犯罪的道路。public safety 公共安全【同義表達】public security公共安全；social security 社會安全【即學即用】More and more cameras are being installed, but is public safety reallyimproving?監(jiān)視器越裝越多，但治安真的有改善嗎？public order 公共秩序，社會治安【同義表達】social order 社會秩序【即學即用】Juvenile d

52、elinquency has become a serious social problem toendangerthe public order .少年違法犯罪已經(jīng)成為危害社會治安的一個嚴重社會問題。crack down 采取嚴厲措施，制裁【經(jīng)典搭配】crack down youth crime降低犯罪crack down （on或upon）對采取嚴厲措施；制裁crack down on counterfeit goods打假【即學即用】The police decided to crack down on drug addicts .警察決定對吸毒的人采取嚴厲措施。uncontrolled

53、 adj. 不受控制的【同義表達】out of control失去控制【經(jīng)典搭配】go uncontrolled 不加以控制【即學即用】In sum, detailed crime coverage in the media undermines our lives inseveral ways. I amconvinced if such reports continue to go uncontrolled it will exert even more baneful influence on individuals and societies. 總之，媒體里對于犯罪細節(jié)的報道會從幾個方

54、面對我們的生活產(chǎn)生負面影響。我確信如果這樣的報道不加以控制，那么將會對個人社會均產(chǎn)生不利影響?！揪浼芴釤挕縄f go uncontrolled, then it will exert baneful influence on如果不加以控制，那么就會產(chǎn)生有害的影響unlawfuladj. 不法的，違法的，不道德的【同源詞匯】lawful adj. 合法的；unlawfully adv. 不合法地；unlawfulness【同義表達】illegal adj.非法的，違法的【經(jīng)典搭配】unlawful activities非法活動unlawful interests非法利益【即學即用】legal【同

55、源詞匯】【同義表達】He was arrested for the unlawful possession他因非法攜帶武器而被捕。adj. 法律的，合法的，法定的of fire arms.【經(jīng)典搭配】legality lawful adj.legitimatelegal aidn. 合法，合法性；illegaladj. 非法的，違法的legal effectlegal obligationlegal rightlegal services合法的， 法定的；valid adj. 正當?shù)模?licit adj. 合法的；adj. 合法的法律援助法律效力法律義務合法權利，法定權利法律服務【即學即用】

56、illegal【同源詞匯】【同義表達】【經(jīng)典搭配】It is not legal for boys of that age to drink alcohol.這個年齡的男孩喝酒不合法。adj. 非法的，違發(fā)的illegalityunlawfuln.adj.illegal actillegal activities illegal immigrant illegal income illegal profit【即學即用】It is illegal for在英國 , 不滿違法； illegalize ； illegally非法的非法行為違法行為，不法活動非法移民非法所得非法利潤people under 17 to d