外科學復試題目

1、【試題】2012-03-31/山東大學/醫(yī)學院/研究生復試外科試題 名解（5*8）1.丹毒 2.甲狀腺危象3.殘胃癌4. 瓷性膽囊5.MODS6.尿失禁7.Kruburg瘤8.清創(chuàng)術(shù)簡答（10*8）1.腸內(nèi)營養(yǎng)并發(fā)癥2.燒傷嚴重程度的診斷標準3.腹股溝直疝與斜疝鑒別4.闌尾切除術(shù)后并發(fā)癥5.胰腺炎非手術(shù)治療6.肺癌淋巴轉(zhuǎn)移7.乳腺癌術(shù)后應用三苯氧胺8.骨折特有體征及治療原則論述（15*2）1.肝癌的診斷與鑒別診斷2.AOSC臨床表現(xiàn)與治療原則考研專區(qū)2011山醫(yī)考研復試外科學試題+齊魯醫(yī)院骨外復試題2011山醫(yī)考研外科學試題（題目順序不對.想起來一個寫一個）名詞解釋5*81

2、.transplantation2.肛裂三聯(lián)征3.mizziri syndrome4.開放性氣胸5.休克指數(shù)6.Colles骨折7.骨筋膜室綜合征8.早期胃癌簡答題10*81.低鉀血癥的病因2.膿性指頭炎切開引流的指征和注意事項3.胃癌的淋巴結(jié)分組4.出血性壞死性胰腺炎的診斷標準5.股骨頸骨折的分型和治療原則6.腎癌根治術(shù)和腎盂癌手術(shù)范圍的比較7.胸腔閉式引流的適應征8.乳腺的淋巴引流論述題15*21.甲亢手術(shù)術(shù)后并發(fā)癥及防治2.腹部閉合性損傷空腔臟器破裂和實質(zhì)臟器破裂的臨床特點附：齊魯醫(yī)院骨科復試筆試題簡答題10*51.骨腫瘤手術(shù)切除范圍2.脊髓損傷并發(fā)癥3.腰椎間盤突出的病因、分類及病理4

3、.骨關(guān)節(jié)炎的病理變化5.骨質(zhì)疏松病理性骨折的治療原則英文翻譯是一篇軸向頸部疼痛的，不難，3個單詞不認識|【試題】外科學復試2010年山東大學碩士研究生入學考試2：305:30 pm  時間180分鐘 滿分150分1.名詞解釋（15X2）有兩個想不起來了，請大家補充柯林潰瘍ARDS消毒夏科三聯(lián)征法洛四聯(lián)征二重感染胸廓出口綜合癥進展期胃癌高滲性缺水醫(yī)源性損傷網(wǎng)球肘限期手術(shù)不穩(wěn)定骨折2.簡答（10X8）休克的一般緊急治療原則食管癌手術(shù)禁忌癥潰瘍性結(jié)腸炎手術(shù)適應癥原發(fā)性肝癌AFP定性診斷前列腺增生手術(shù)切除的適應癥兒茶酚胺癥術(shù)前為什么擴充血容量骨肉瘤的臨床表現(xiàn)骨盆骨折的并發(fā)癥腹股溝疝

4、的鑒別診斷預防性應用抗菌素的適應癥3.問答（20X2）腫瘤標志物分類及檢測的臨床意義AOSC臨床表現(xiàn) 診斷 治療原則【考研】2009山東大學碩士研究生入學考試復試試題（外科學）一：名詞解釋（2分*15=30分） 1.應激性潰瘍 2.MODS 3.等滲性脫水 4.腦震蕩 5.條件性感染 6.I°燒傷 7.創(chuàng)傷性窒息 8.絞窄疝 9.早期胃癌 10.CALOT三角 11.閉合性骨折 12.原醛癥 13.頸干角 14.腕管綜合癥 15.圍手術(shù)

5、期 二：簡答題（8分×10=80分） 1.甲狀腺手術(shù)后甲狀腺危象的臨床表現(xiàn) 2.簡述反常呼吸及病理生理變化 3.急性胰腺炎的非手術(shù)治療方法 4.腎損傷在保守治療期間什么情況下需行手術(shù)治療 5.膀胱腫瘤按浸潤深度分級 6.生化測定在骨腫瘤診斷的意義 7.股骨頸骨折手術(shù)治療的適應癥 8.先天性膽管擴張癥的分型 9.大量輸庫存血導致凝血功能障礙的主要原因 10.ARDS的高危因素 三：論述題（20分×2=40分） 1.論述感染性休克的主要原因及治療原則

6、 2.論述門靜脈高壓手術(shù)治療的適應癥及手術(shù)選擇名解（5*8）1.丹毒2.甲狀腺危象3.殘胃癌4. 瓷性膽囊5.MODS6.尿失禁7.Kruburg瘤8.清創(chuàng)術(shù)簡答（10*8）1.腸內(nèi)營養(yǎng)并發(fā)癥2.燒傷嚴重程度的診斷標準3.腹股溝直疝與斜疝鑒別4.闌尾切除術(shù)后并發(fā)癥5.胰腺炎非手術(shù)治療6.肺癌淋巴轉(zhuǎn)移7.乳腺癌術(shù)后應用三苯氧胺8.骨折特有體征及治療原則論述（15*2）1.肝癌的診斷與鑒別診斷2.AOSC臨床表現(xiàn)與治療原13年名解5*81癰2移植物抗宿主病3嵌頓疝4短腸綜合征5AOSC6門靜脈高壓癥7whipple三聯(lián)征8腕管綜合征簡答10*81輸血適應證2圍手術(shù)期術(shù)前應用抗生素指征3張

7、力性氣胸臨床表現(xiàn)及治療4甲狀腺腫手術(shù)適應癥5乳腺癌轉(zhuǎn)移途徑6門靜脈與腔靜脈交通支7尿失禁類型及特點8Collens骨折臨床表現(xiàn)論述15*21胃大部切除術(shù)術(shù)后并發(fā)癥2機械性腸梗阻典型臨床表現(xiàn)與病理生理變化2013-4-1 齊魯醫(yī)院 普外科 研究生復試1直腸上與直腸下破裂臨床表現(xiàn)與處理的不同2肝內(nèi)膽管結(jié)石的手術(shù)原則3黃疸病人的圍手術(shù)期處理4胃竇癌第一站和第二站淋巴結(jié)5上消化道出血不同部位的特點一篇國外論文摘要翻譯VOA慢速英語 一篇有關(guān)醫(yī)學的語音（聽兩遍） 回答五個選擇 Bariatric surgery versus intensive medical therapy in obese pati

8、ents with diabetes.AbstractBACKGROUND: Observational studies have shown improvement in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus after bariatric surgery.METHODS: In this randomized, nonblinded, single-center trial, we evaluated the efficacy of intensive medical therapy alone versus medical therapy plus

9、 Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy in 150 obese patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes. The mean (±SD) age of the patients was 49±8 years, and 66% were women. The average glycated hemoglobin level was 9.2±1.5%. The primary end point was the proportion of patients with

10、 a glycated hemoglobin level of 6.0% or less 12 months after treatment.RESULTS: Of the 150 patients, 93% completed 12 months of follow-up. The proportion of patients with the primary end point was 12% (5 of 41 patients) in the medical-therapy group versus 42% (21 of 50 patients) in the gastric-bypas

11、s group (P=0.002) and 37% (18 of 49 patients) in the sleeve-gastrectomy group (P=0.008). Glycemic control improved in all three groups, with a mean glycated hemoglobin level of 7.5±1.8% in the medical-therapy group, 6.4±0.9% in the gastric-bypass group (P<0.001), and 6.6±1.0% in th

12、e sleeve-gastrectomy group (P=0.003). Weight loss was greater in the gastric-bypass group and sleeve-gastrectomy group (-29.4±9.0 kg and -25.1±8.5 kg, respectively) than in the medical-therapy group (-5.4±8.0 kg) (P<0.001 for both comparisons). The use of drugs to lower glucose, li

13、pid, and blood-pressure levels decreased significantly after both surgical procedures but increased in patients receiving medical therapy only. The index for homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) improved significantly after bariatric surgery. Four patients underwent reoperation. There were no deaths or life-threatening complications.CONCLUSIONS: In obese patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes, 12 months of medical therapy plus bariatric surgery achieved glycemic control in significantly more patients than medical therapy alone. Further study will be necessary to a