限定性和非限定性

1、限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句：限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句： 限制性定語從句對(duì)先行詞起限制、確定的作用，是先行詞不可缺少的定語，如果省去，作為先行詞的名詞或名詞詞組便不能明確表示其所指對(duì)象，主句的意思就會(huì)不完整，不明確或不合邏輯。這種定語從句和主句之間不能用逗號(hào)隔開。如：There are many plays (that) Id like to see. 有很多話劇我想看。This is the place where Tom was born.A man who doesnt try to learn from others cant hope to succeed.一個(gè)不向別人學(xué)

2、習(xí)的人是不能取得成功的。He is the man who told me the news.他就是那個(gè)告訴我消息的人。 非限制性定語從句和先行詞關(guān)系松散，只是對(duì)先行詞作附加說明，如果省去，并不影響先行詞的所指意義，主句的意思仍然完整或清楚。這種定語從句和主句之間須用逗號(hào)隔開。如： a. Abraham Lincoln, who led the United States through these years, was murdered on April 14, 1865. b. Dinner starts with a small dish, which is often called a

3、 starter. c. The chairmans daughter, whose name is Ann, gave me a smile. d. Soon they arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy. e. They set up a separate state of their own, where they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves. f. Im seeing the boss tomorrow, when he will be back from

4、 New York.注意: (1)why 不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從 句。 (3)在非限制性定語從句中，which 的現(xiàn)行項(xiàng)還可以是前面的整個(gè)句子。 (2)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系代詞不可用that，指人時(shí)用who(主語), whom(賓語)，指物時(shí)須用which.He tried to stand on his hands for 5 minutes, which is quite difficult to do. (4)在非限制性定語從句中，關(guān)系詞不能省略。如： Tom is not the boy (who) I gave the tickets to. Im sure you know

5、Tom, who I haveworked with for two years.The village where I was born is beautiful.There are many villages and the village where I was born is beautiful.The village, where I was born, is beautiful.I have a brother who is a driver.I have a brother, who is a driver.Chongqing, where I was born, is beau

6、tiful.John, who speaks French, works there.I who like beautiful places like travalling.（4）只能用）只能用which不能用不能用that的情況的情況引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句修飾某物或整引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句修飾某物或整 個(gè)句子時(shí)。如：個(gè)句子時(shí)。如：a. Bruce went toward the fire, which was still smoking.b. He came late again, which made the teacher angry.先行詞在從句中作介詞的賓語且介詞先行詞在從句中作介詞的賓

7、語且介詞 前置。如：前置。如：This is the house in which Lu Xun lived.如果介詞后置：如果介詞后置：This is the house which Lu Xun lived in.或是或是This is the house where Lu Xun lived.that練習(xí)題練習(xí)題1、All_ is useful to us is good.A、whichB、whatC、thatD、whetherC練習(xí)題練習(xí)題1、All_ is useful to us is good.A、whichB、whatC、thatD、whetherC2、Is this fact

8、ory _ we visited last week.A、whereB、thatC、whichD、the oneD3、She will never forget the day_ she spent in Beijing.A、whenB、whatC、whichD、whyC4、This is the school _ my father worked 20 years ago.A、thatB、whenC、whichD、whereD5、This is the factory_we visited last year.A、thatB、whichC、whatD、the oneA6、The text i

9、s one of the most interesting stories_learnt in the past three days.A、that haveB、that have beenC、which hasD、which has beenB7、The college wont take anyone _ eyesight is weak.A、whoB、whoseC、of whomD、whichB8、Let me think of a proper situation _ this sentence can be used.A、whereB、thatC、of whomD、whichA9、T

10、he man _ you are talking is in the next room.A、to whomB、about whomC、about whoD、whomB10、This is the last factory _ he used to work at, many workers of _ still have a good relationship with him.A、that; itB、which; whomC、that; whichD、which; thatC11、Those _ to take part in the game write down your names.

11、A、whoB、who wantC、what wantsD、wantB12、I，_ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A、who is B、what is C、what am D、who am D13、His walking stick, _ he cant walk, was lost yesterday.A、thatB、with whichC、whichD、without whichD14、They have decided to finish their work, _, I think is a wise choice.

12、A、thatB、whatC、whichD、whetherC15、I dont like the way _ he spoke to me.A、by thatB、whatC、by whichD、/D16、This is the only thing _ I can do now.A、whatB、whichC、thatD、allC17、There are three libraries in our school, _ were built five years ago.A、all of themB、either of themC、all of whichD、both of thatC18、He told me the reason _