學案 READING ORGANIZER.pdf

1、Part I. READING ORGANIZER-PROCEDUREPurpose:-Tells what will be made or done.May include a brief description of the product.Requirements:-List of what is needed.List may include ingredients, materials, and tools etc.Steps:-In order of what needs to be done-Include picturesSteps clearly explain: What

2、needs to be done; How it needs to be done. Steps usually start with an action verb.Steps are numbered in order. .5.Part II. Answer the following questions:1. What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?A. Its delicate.B. Its expensive.C. Its complex.D. Its portabl

3、e.2. What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. The tube.B. The still.C. The hole.D. The cup.3. What is the last step of constructing a working solar still?A. Dig a hole of a certain size.B. Put the cup in place.C. Weight the sheets center down.D. Cover the hole w

4、ith the plastic sheet.4. When a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup from.A. the plastic tubeB. outside the holeC. the open airD. beneath the sheePart III. Reading and ComprehensionAHave you ever heard someone say “You totally look like youre a Jessica” or something similar? People se

5、em to think that they know what kind of person a “Jessica” or a “Michael” looks like. Why is this?According to a study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, humans tend to associate people's names with their appearances, and can even guess someones name based on how they

6、 look.Researchers collected thousands of photos of people faces. They labeled(貼標簽于) each photo with four names.Then, they asked volunteers to guess which of the four names was correct.The volunteers were able to guess the right name 38% of the time. It seems that certain characteristics of faces giv

7、e them clues about someones name, Reader's Digest reported.However, this only worked when the volunteers looked at names from their own culture. In addition. the volunteers were not as good at guessing the real names of people who used nicknames more often than their real names. This may show th

8、at a person's appearance is affected ed by their name only if they use it often.“This kind of face-name matching happens because of a process of a self-fulfilling prophecy(預(yù)言)as we becomewhat other people expect us to become,” Ruth Mayo from Tile University told science news website EurekAlert!E

9、arlier studies have shown that gender and race stereotypes(刻板印象) can affect a persons appearance. The researchers believe there are also similar stereotypes about names. For example, people tend to think that men named Bob should have rounder faces because the word itself looks round. People may thi

10、nk that women named Rose are beautiful. They expect them to be “delicate" and "female", just like the flower they are named for.1. How is this passage developed?A. By giving examples.B. By asking questions.C. By introducing an experiment.D. By comparing different cases.2. Why do some

11、people look like their names according to Ruth Mayo?A. They want to please everyone around them.B. They dont want to be different from others.C. They tend to become what others expect them to become.D. They loke to copy famous people who share the same name.3. What may be the best title for this pas

12、sage?A. What determines our namesB. Why we look like our namesC. How we get rid of our stereotypesD. How stereotypes affect peoples looksHomework Assignment AAccording to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of oureating companions can influence ou

13、r food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份), it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. I

14、n the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly(表面上)participate in a study about movieviewership. Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first. In her natural state, the actor w

15、eighed 105 pounds. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have. However, they took signifi

16、cantly more when the actor was thin.For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the other case, she took 30 pieces. The results were similar to the first test: the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor t

17、ook 30 pieces.The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we're making decisions. If this fellow participant is going to eat more, so will I. Call it the “I'll have what she's having” effect. However, we'll adjust the influence. If an overweight person is

18、 having a large portion, I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot, I'll follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why can't I?1. What is the recent study mainly about?A. Food safety. B. Movie viewership. C. Consumer demand.

19、 D. Eating behavior.2. What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in Paragraph 1 refer to?A. Big eaters. B. Overweight persons. C. Picky eaters.D. Tall thin persons.3. Why did the researchers hire the actor?A. To see how she would affect the participants.B. To test if the participants could recognize

20、 her.C. To find out what she would do in the two tests.D. To study why she could keep her weight down.4. On what basis do we “adjust the influence” according to the last paragraph?A. How hungry we are.B. How slim we want to be.C. How we perceive others.D. How we feel about the food.BTwo new studies

21、suggest that modern running shoes could increase the risk of injuries to runners.One study involved sixty-eight healthy young women and men who ran at least twenty-four kilometers a week. The runners were observed on a treadmill machine(跑步機). Sometimes they wore running shoes. Other times they ran b

22、arefoot(赤腳).Researchers from the JKM Technologies Company in Virginia, the University of Virginia and the University of Colorado did the study.They found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees, hips and ankle joints than running barefoot. They observed that the effect was even

23、 greater than the effect reported earlier for walking in high heels. The study appeared in the official scientific journal of The American Academy of Physical Medicine.The other study appeared in the journal Nature. It compared runners in the United States and Kenya. Theresearchers were from Harvard

24、 University in Massachusetts, Moi University in Kenya and the University of Glasgow in Scotland.They divided the runners into three groups. One group had always run shoeless. Another group had always run with shoes. And the third group had changed to shoeless running.Runners who wear shoes usually c

25、ome down their heel first. That puts great force on the back of the foot. But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot. That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heel.Harvards Daniel Lieberman led the study. He says the way most r

26、unning shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heel. The heel of the shoe is bigger and heavier than other parts of the shoe, so it would seem more likely to come down first. Also, the heel generally has thick material under it to soften landings.But the researchers do n

27、ot suggest that runners immediately start running barefoot. They say it takes some training. And there can be risks, like running when your feet are too cold to feel if you get injured.The study was partly supported by Vibram, which makes a kind of footwear that it says is like running barefoot. The findings have gotten a lot of attention. But the researchers say there are many problems in the way the press has reported in their paper. So they