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1、Unit 1-topic2仁愛(ài)英語(yǔ)九年級(jí)上冊(cè)語(yǔ)法精講Unit 1-topic1現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(?1 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成:助動(dòng)詞have/has+過(guò)去分詞。它的肯定式、否定式、疑問(wèn)式 和答語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)如下表(以work為例):肯I (You)have worked.止He (She/It) has worked.式We (You/They) have worked.否I (You) have not/haven ' t worked.止He (She/It) has not/hasn ' t worked.式We (You/They) have not/haven ' t wor
2、ked.疑Have I (you) worked?問(wèn)Has he (she/it) worked?式Have we (you/they) worked?簡(jiǎn)Yes, you (I) have. / No, you (I) ha單ve not/haven ' t.回Yes, he (she/it) has. / No, he (she答/it) has not/hasn ' t.Yes, you (we/they) have. / No, you(we/they)have not/haven ' t.2 . have (has) been to 與 have (has) g
3、one tohave (has) been to +某地,說(shuō)明到過(guò)某地,說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)已回來(lái)。have (has) gone to +某地,說(shuō)明去某地了,說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)還沒(méi)回來(lái)。e.g. He has been to Beijing three times.他去過(guò)北京三次。He hasgone to Wuhan.他到武漢去了?,F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(H)1 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法:表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍 有影響。e.g. I have just posted the letter.我剛把信郵寄了。She has lost her watch. 她弄丟了 手表。2 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以和不明確指出時(shí)間的狀
4、語(yǔ)連用,如 already, yet,just, before, ever, lately, once 等。e.g. Have you heard from your friend lately?你最近收到你朋友的來(lái)信了嗎?3 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)也可以和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如 this week, this morning, today, thisyear 等。e.g. They have moved three times this year.今年他們已經(jīng)搬了 三次家。4 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能和明確表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。如 yesterday, last week, in 1999, two
5、 days ago,just now, when I came in 等。Unit 1-topic3現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(田)1 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),常與 for , since引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)連用。for+一段時(shí)間,since+過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)或從句(從句的謂語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式)。e.g. I have lived here for twenty years. 我住在這里已有 20 年了。We have built many factories since 1985. 自 1985 年以來(lái),我們建了許多工廠。 He has always helped me with my Engl
6、ish since he came here .自從他到這里以后,他總是幫助我學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。2 .有的動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作不是瞬間就可以完成的,要持續(xù)一段時(shí)間,這樣的動(dòng)詞叫延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。不能延續(xù)下去的動(dòng)詞,叫非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或瞬間動(dòng)詞。如 :buy , borrow等,這些動(dòng)詞在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子中可改為相應(yīng)的表示延續(xù)性的詞或短語(yǔ)來(lái)與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。如:buy-have, borrow-keep, come -be,joinf be, die fbe dead, begin fbe on 等。e.g. He joined the army two years ago . 他兩年前就參軍了。 (同義句)
7、 fHe has been in the army for two years.fHe has been a soldier for twoyears .Unit 2-topic1一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別一般過(guò)去時(shí):表示過(guò)去某個(gè)具體的時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或某段時(shí)間存在的狀態(tài),強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的情況,與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如 yesterday, last year, twodays ago, in 2012 等。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響或結(jié)果,強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在的情況。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能與過(guò)去某個(gè)具體時(shí)間或某段時(shí)間連用。e.g. I saw the film last week.
8、 我上周看過(guò)這部電影。(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作在上周發(fā)生。)I have seen the film. 我已經(jīng)看過(guò)這部電影了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在對(duì)電影已有了解。)I was a teacher two years ago. 兩年前我是一位老師。 (強(qiáng)調(diào)兩年前是老師。)I have been a teacher for two years.我做老師已經(jīng)兩年了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在仍是老師。)Unit 2-topic2不定代詞和副詞不指明替代任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞叫做不定代詞。大多數(shù)不定代詞在句中可以作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。可數(shù)/、口數(shù)許多manymucha lot of, lots of, plenty of一些
9、some, anya fewa little幾乎沒(méi)有fewlittle每個(gè)任何 一個(gè)全都都不另一個(gè)指兩 者eacheitherbothneither(the) ther以上each/eve ryanyallnone /noanothersome-any-no-every-人someoneanyo ,neno one/noneeveryonesomebodyanyb odynobodyeverybody物somethin ganyt hingnothingeverything復(fù)合不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。e.g. Something is wrong with the compute
10、r.電月而壞了。形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí)應(yīng)該放在不定代詞之后。e.g. There is something delicious on the table.桌子上有好吃的。some-/any-復(fù)合不定代詞的用法與some/any用法基本一致。肯定句以及期待對(duì)方肯定回答的疑問(wèn)句中通常用 some-;否定句和疑問(wèn)句中通常用any-。e.g. Would you like something to eat?你要點(diǎn)兒吃的東西嗎?I don ' t know anything about it.我什么也不知道。I heardsomebody singing in the classroom.我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)教
11、室里有人在唱歌。some, any, no 和every還可以與 where連用,構(gòu)成表示地點(diǎn)的副詞,即:somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, everywhere 。 其用法與 some/any 用法基本一致。e.g. I ' ve seen him somewhere before.我以前在哪兒見(jiàn)過(guò)他。There wasnowhere for me to sit.我無(wú)處可坐。Unit 2-topic3(表小并列關(guān)系)我寫(xiě)完作業(yè),就上床睡覺(jué)了.雖然他年紀(jì)很大了,但他身湯姆非常富有,然而他等。他乘公共汽車(chē)來(lái)的,或者他你要么說(shuō)實(shí)話(huà),要么什么't buy it
12、.今天很冷,因?yàn)橄卵┝诉@個(gè)嬰兒由她照顧e.g. We clean the classroom.我們打掃教室。(主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))并列句含有兩個(gè)或者兩個(gè)以上獨(dú)立的簡(jiǎn)單句的句子,叫做并列句。通常由and, but,while , or, so等連詞來(lái)連接。如:1 .表示并列關(guān)系、動(dòng)作先后關(guān)系,常用 and連接。e.g. After lunch my aunt came in and she lookedworried.午飯后我姑姑進(jìn)來(lái)了,她看起來(lái)很著急。I finishedmy homework and I went to bed.(表示動(dòng)作的先后順序)2 .表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,常用連詞 but, while
13、e.g. He is very old but he is in good health 體很好。Tom wasrich while his brother was very poor.的哥哥非常窮。3 .表示選擇關(guān)系,常用連詞 or, either.or.e.g. He came by bus, or he came by taxi.乘出租車(chē)來(lái)的。Either youtell the truth, or you say nothing.也別說(shuō)。4 .表示因果關(guān)系,常用so, for連接。e.g. The coat was very expensive, so I didn那件上衣很貴,所以我
14、沒(méi)買(mǎi)。It is verycold today, for it snows.Unit 3-topic1一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1 .概念:英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)態(tài)有主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)兩種。主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,叫做主 動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者,叫做被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。The classroom is cleaned (by us). 教室被(我們)打掃。(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))2 .被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成是“助動(dòng)詞be極物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”。助動(dòng)詞be有人 稱(chēng)、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化,其變化規(guī)則與其作為連系動(dòng)詞時(shí)的變化完全一樣。一般現(xiàn)在 時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成為:主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。3. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句式變化:(1)肯
15、定:主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。e.g. Cars are made by them. 汽車(chē)是由他們制造的。(2)否定:主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+not+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。e.g. Cars are not made by them. 汽車(chē)不是由他們制造的。3 3) 一般疑問(wèn)句:Am/Is/Are+主語(yǔ)+ 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞?e.g. Are cars made by them ?汽車(chē)是由他們制造的嗎?4 .被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法:(1)在沒(méi)有指明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或者不知道動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者的情況下,可用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。e.g. This coat is made of cotton.這件大衣是棉制
16、的。(2)要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者而不是執(zhí)行者時(shí),用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。e.g. Her bike is stolen.她的自行車(chē)被偷了。5 .主、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+ 賓語(yǔ)(+其他)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):主語(yǔ)+be極物動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞+by聯(lián)語(yǔ)(+其他)。注意:主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)互相轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí),時(shí)態(tài)不變。主動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)是代詞的主格形式,變成被動(dòng)句by的賓語(yǔ)時(shí),要用賓格 形式。e.g. They grow rice in the south.在南方他們種植水稻。fRice is grown (by them) in the south.在南方水稻被(他們)種植。She takes care of the baby.
17、她照顧這個(gè)嬰兒。fThe baby is taken care of (by her).在這個(gè)被動(dòng)句中,要注意,動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)be taken care of 后雖然沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ),但句 子的主語(yǔ)the baby實(shí)際上仍是它邏輯上的賓語(yǔ),所以介詞of 一定不能省略。6 .沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的詞:在前面講到被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成時(shí),我們一直強(qiáng)調(diào)“ be+及物 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”,從主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換我們可知,不及物動(dòng)詞是沒(méi)有被 動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的。常見(jiàn)的詞有:happen(發(fā)生),takeplace(發(fā)生),rise(上升,上漲), grow(生長(zhǎng))等。注:grow當(dāng)“種植”講時(shí)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。一部分表狀態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞也沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
18、。e.g. have(有),fit(適合),cost(值錢(qián)),weigh(重)等。系動(dòng)詞一般沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。e.g. feel(感覺(jué)),turn(變成),taste(嘗起來(lái)), sound(聽(tīng)起來(lái)),smell(聞起來(lái)),get(變得)等。Unit 3-topic2用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)“am/is/are+v.-ing”是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu),通常表示“現(xiàn)在”這個(gè)時(shí)間里“正在”發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。但是表示短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞,通常情況下,用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 表示將來(lái)。英語(yǔ)中,表示短暫性動(dòng)作,常用進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)詞有come,go,arrive, leave, start, fly, die等。e.g. Don
19、39; t worry. The train is arriving here soon.別著急,火車(chē)馬上就到了。We re leaving Beijing for home.我們就要離開(kāi)北京回家了。1 .表示位移動(dòng)詞。e.g. I ' mgoing.我要走了。I ' mleaving tomorrow.我明天要走了。When are you starting ?你什么時(shí)候動(dòng)身?亦可用于某種非位移動(dòng)詞。e.g. I ' mmeeting you after class.課后我找你。What are you doing next Sunday?下星期天你打算干什么?She
20、 is buying a new bike soon.她不久將買(mǎi)一輛新自行車(chē)。偶爾表小較遠(yuǎn)的將來(lái)。e.g. When I grow up, I ' m joining the army.我長(zhǎng)大了要參軍。2 .表示將來(lái)的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),有時(shí)含有“決心”的意思,多用在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中。e.g. I ' m not going.我不走了。I ' m not waiting any longer. 我不再等了。有時(shí)也用在肯定結(jié)構(gòu)中。I ' m backing out.我要打退堂鼓了。3 .用這種現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與對(duì)方講話(huà)時(shí)可變成命令,不過(guò)語(yǔ)氣比較溫和。e.g. You ' re
21、 staying. 你留下吧!Don t forget, you are taking part, too.不要忘記,你也要參加。Unit 3-topic3構(gòu)詞法(Word formation)構(gòu)詞是按一定的規(guī)律和習(xí)慣創(chuàng)造新詞,英語(yǔ)的構(gòu)詞方法主要有四種:合成、 派生、轉(zhuǎn)換和縮略。其中最常見(jiàn)的是合成與派生。1 .合成法是指兩個(gè)或更多的詞合為一個(gè)詞。e.g. classroom (教室), good-looking( 好看的), nothing( 沒(méi)有東西), sleep-walk( 夢(mèng)游),everywhere ( 至U處)。2 .派生法是通過(guò)加前綴或后綴構(gòu)成新詞。e.g. dislike( 不
22、喜歡),impossible (不可能的),retell( 復(fù)述),driver(司機(jī)),agreement (同意),golden (黃金的),carefully (小心地)。 疑問(wèn)詞+ 不定式wh-是指when,where, what, which, who(m)及how等連接詞,它們和動(dòng)詞不定 式連用,即為wh-+to do結(jié)構(gòu),這種結(jié)構(gòu)在句中的功能相當(dāng)于 wh-所引導(dǎo)的從句。 在句中常用作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)等。e.g.When to start is not certain. 何時(shí)動(dòng)身還沒(méi)確定(作主語(yǔ))。The problem is how to tie the bellto the c
23、at.問(wèn)題是怎樣把鈴系在貓的頸上(作表語(yǔ))。Mary asked me where to get the milk.瑪麗問(wèn)我去哪里取牛奶(作賓語(yǔ))。實(shí)際運(yùn)用中,“ wh-+todo”作賓語(yǔ)更常見(jiàn),不定式所表示的動(dòng)作通常是句子的 主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作。對(duì)于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞來(lái)說(shuō),這個(gè)不定式動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作是個(gè)尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng) 作,所以在轉(zhuǎn)換成賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),通常需加情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或用將來(lái)時(shí)表示未來(lái)。e.g. Lin Tao asked Jim where to go尸 Lin Tao asked Jim where he wouldgo.林濤問(wèn)吉姆要去哪里。I ' ll show you howto run the ma
24、chine尸 I ' ll show you howyou can run the machine.我將給你演示怎么操作這臺(tái)機(jī)器。She doesn' t know which skirt to choose尸 She doesn ' t know whichskirt she will choose.她不知道選哪條裙子。Unit 4-topic1一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):謂語(yǔ)部分的基本形式是:be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式was/were+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。e.g.When was it made?它是什么時(shí)候制造的?It was made in 1980. 它是
25、 1980 年制造的。When was the digital camera invented?數(shù)碼相機(jī)是什么時(shí)候發(fā)明的?It was invented in 1975. 它是 1975 年發(fā)明的。When were these flowers watered?這些花是什么時(shí)候澆的?They were watered this morning.它們是今天早上澆的。1 .陳述句:e.g.The PRC was founded in 1949.中華人民共和國(guó)成立于 1949年。2 .疑問(wèn)句:e.g.Was it made in China? 它是中國(guó)制造的嗎?Where was the compu
26、ter made?那臺(tái)電腦是哪兒制造的?3 .否定句:e.g.Her books weren ' t stolen yesterday.昨天她的書(shū)沒(méi)被偷走。Unit 4-topic2一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是由“ will+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。e.g. What will be built on the Mars?My homework will be finishedsoon.我的作業(yè)將很快就完成了什么將會(huì)被建造在火星上?一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變否定句要在助動(dòng)詞will后面加not。把助動(dòng)詞will提到句首,便成了一般疑問(wèn)句。e.g. Your dream
27、 will not be achieved if you don' t work hard.如果你不努力學(xué)習(xí),你的夢(mèng)想將不能實(shí)現(xiàn)。Will animals be kept underthe sea? 動(dòng)物將會(huì)被養(yǎng)在海底嗎? Unit 4-topic3定語(yǔ)從句(I)在復(fù)合句中作定語(yǔ),修飾主句中某一名詞或代詞的從句,叫做定語(yǔ)從句。被 定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞叫先行詞,通常位于定語(yǔ)從句之前。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的是關(guān)系 代詞 that , which, who, whom whose和關(guān)系副詞 when, where, why。關(guān)系代詞 或關(guān)系副詞位于先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句之間,它既起連接作用,又充當(dāng)從句中的一
28、個(gè) 成分。含定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句的基本結(jié)構(gòu):先行詞+關(guān)系詞+定語(yǔ)從句。e.g. A doctor is aperson who looks after people' s health. 醫(yī)生是照關(guān)系詞作 用能 否 省 略先行詞例句who that主 語(yǔ)否人Do you know the boy who/that is from Dalian?你認(rèn)識(shí)來(lái)自大連的那個(gè)男孩 嗎?which that主 語(yǔ)否物I don ' t like the book which/that is written inEnglish.我不喜歡那本用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)的書(shū)。that主 語(yǔ)否人和物I will reme
29、mber the people and thin gs thatappear in my life.我將記得出現(xiàn)在我生活中的人和事。本話(huà)題只講解關(guān)系代詞作主語(yǔ)的情況。請(qǐng)看下面的表格:顧他人健康的人。Unit 5-topic1定語(yǔ)從句(n)1. who指人,that也可指人,在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。作主語(yǔ)時(shí)不能省略,作 賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。e.g. The teacher who spoke at themeeting just now is having a rest in his office.剛才在會(huì)上講話(huà)的老師正在他辦公室里休息。(作主語(yǔ),不可省略)2. whom指人,為who的賓格形式,在句中
30、只能作賓語(yǔ)。其前沒(méi)有介詞時(shí),也可 用who/that代替,也可省略。e.g. The girl (who/whom/that) I like isn ' t here now.我喜歡的那個(gè)女孩現(xiàn)在 沒(méi)在這兒。(作賓語(yǔ),可省略)The doctor with whom she went to the United States lastmonth is very famous.上月與她同去美國(guó)的那位醫(yī)生非常有名。(作介詞賓語(yǔ),介詞 with提到了 whonmu, whomfc此不能省略,也不能用who代替)3. whos指人,也可指物,在從句中作定語(yǔ),不可省略。e.g. The girl
31、 whose father is a doctor is our classmate.父親是醫(yī)生的那個(gè)女孩是我們的同學(xué)。(作定語(yǔ),不能省略) 常用that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句:1 . 先行詞是不定代詞 all, everything, nothing, anything, much,little, few 等時(shí)。e.g. Is there anything (that) youdon ' t understand?你還有不懂的地方嗎?2 . 先行詞被 all, every, any, no, little, much等修飾時(shí)。e.g. I want to read all the books
32、that were written by Lu Xun.我想讀魯迅寫(xiě)的所有的書(shū)。3 .先行詞被序數(shù)詞及形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。e.g. This is the best book (that)I have ever read.這是我讀過(guò)的最好的書(shū)。4 . 先行詞被 the only, the very, the last, the same 修飾時(shí)。(當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí),也可用關(guān)系代詞 who, whome.g. He is the only personthat/who can help you out.他是唯一一個(gè)能幫你擺脫困境的人。5 .當(dāng)有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上分別表示人或物的先行詞時(shí)。e.g. We
33、 are talking about thepeople and the things (that) we have visited in this country.我們正在談?wù)撛谶@個(gè)國(guó)家所見(jiàn)過(guò)的人和事。6 .關(guān)系代詞作定語(yǔ)從句中be的表語(yǔ)時(shí),that通常省略。e.g. The city is no longer theone (that) it used to be.這個(gè)城市不再是原來(lái)的樣子了。7 .主句是以who, what, which開(kāi)頭的特殊問(wèn)句時(shí)。e.g. Who is the person that is making this lecture?是誰(shuí)在做報(bào)告?注:關(guān)系代詞前有介詞
34、時(shí)只用which,不能用that。Unit 5-topic2定語(yǔ)從句(m)作賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞1 .whom指人,為who的賓格形式,在句中只能作賓語(yǔ)。其前沒(méi)有介詞時(shí),也 可用who/that代替,也可省略。e.g.The girl (who/whom/that) I like isn' t here now.我喜歡的那個(gè)女孩現(xiàn)在沒(méi)在這兒。(作賓語(yǔ),可省略)Thedoctor with whom she went to the United States last month isvery famous.上月與她同去美國(guó)的那位醫(yī)生非常有名。(作介詞賓語(yǔ),介詞 with 提到了 whom#, whomft此不能省略,也不能用 who代替)2 .which與that指物,在句中作賓語(yǔ),可以省略。e.g.I
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