大學英語二第八單元單詞

1、in harmony with: agree with another idea, feeling etc., or look good with other thingsYour suggestions are not in harmony with the aims of this project.我們的行為應(yīng)該與話語相一致。我們的行為應(yīng)該與話語相一致。 Our actions should be in harmony with our words. Collocation:與與協(xié)調(diào)一致協(xié)調(diào)一致be in harmony with與與不協(xié)調(diào)一致不協(xié)調(diào)一致be out of harmony

2、with和睦相處和睦相處live in harmonysurroundings: n. everything that is around or near sb./sth.The house is set in beautiful surroundings near Lake Coniston.We work more happily in pleasant surroundings.in the midst of: among or with; while (sth.) is happeningThe government is in the midst of a major crisis.

3、他在暴雨中離開了公寓。他在暴雨中離開了公寓。He left his flat in the midst of a sperous: adj. rich and successfulIm sure you can build a prosperous business in China.After their misfortunes the family slowly became prosperous.bloom: 1. n. a flower, especially one cultivated for its beautyFall leaves make the

4、Japanese mad, just like the cherry bloom in the spring.蘋果樹正在開花。蘋果樹正在開花。The apple trees were in bloom.2. vi. produce flowers; be in flower.Some of my last roses of summer are even more beautiful than the first ones that bloomed in early spring.Everything in the garden was blooming lovely! Collocation

5、:開花開花come into bloom/blossom花已落花已落be out of bloom/blossom花盛開著花盛開著in (full) bloom/blossom明日黃花，已失去新穎感或明日黃花，已失去新穎感或應(yīng)時價值的事物應(yīng)時價值的事物the bloom is off the rosebloom, , blossom以及以及flower均可作名詞和動詞，意為均可作名詞和動詞，意為“花，開花花，開花”。其不同點是：。其不同點是：bloom 尤指尤指“大的、供大的、供觀賞的花，諸如牡丹、玫瑰、梅花、菊花等觀賞的花，諸如牡丹、玫瑰、梅花、菊花等; ; blossom 指樹木開花，尤指

6、果樹上開的花。指樹木開花，尤指果樹上開的花。flower指開放的花指開放的花朵或泛指花卉。朵或泛指花卉。NB:flame: vi. become suddenly bright with light or colour, especially red or orangeA great fire flamed in an open fireplace.His face flamed with embarrassment.bark: 1. vi. make the short loud sound that a dog makesHave you ever seen a dog barking a

7、t the moon?這只狗對陌生人吠叫。這只狗對陌生人吠叫。The dog barks at strangers.2. vt. say something quickly in a loud voiceThe captain barked into the microphone, “Attention everyone!”他開始厲聲下達命令。他開始厲聲下達命令。He began barking out his orders.mist: n. a light cloud low over the ground that makes it difficult for you to see ver

8、y farWe could just see the outline of the house through the mist.The mist along the river banks had gone by mid morning.mist 指輕霧，氣象學上稱作靄。例如：指輕霧，氣象學上稱作靄。例如：fog 指較濃的霧。例如：指較濃的霧。例如：mist, fog & smog這三個詞都是名詞，都可表示這三個詞都是名詞，都可表示“霧霧”之意。之意。CF:The peaks were shrouded in mist.山峰籠罩在霧靄中。山峰籠罩在霧靄中。We get heavy f

9、ogs on the coast in winter. 這里的海邊冬季有濃霧。這里的海邊冬季有濃霧。smog 指工業(yè)區(qū)的煙和霧相混而造成的又黑又濃的煙霧。指工業(yè)區(qū)的煙和霧相混而造成的又黑又濃的煙霧。 例如：例如：The river appeared as if enveloped in smog. 那條河好像籠罩在煙霧之中。那條河好像籠罩在煙霧之中。feed on: look for and eat (as ones usual food)Giant pandas feed on arrow bamboo twigs and leaves. 這臺燃氣輪機以它抽入的燃料為能源。這臺燃氣輪機以它抽

10、入的燃料為能源。The gas turbine feeds on the fuel it pumps.Pattern:Directions: Match each expression with its correct meaning.feed on feed off feed well be fed up with Well fed, well bred. better fed than taught 養(yǎng)而不教養(yǎng)而不教 諺諺 吃得飽吃得飽, , 懂禮貌懂禮貌; ; 衣食足衣食足然后知禮義。然后知禮義。吃得過飽吃得過飽; (; (對對)極其厭倦極其厭倦 吃吃過日子過日子; ; 用用喂養(yǎng)鳥獸等喂

11、養(yǎng)鳥獸等吃得好吃得好依靠依靠提供的東西維持提供的東西維持( (生活生活); ); 從從中取食中取食abundance: n. a very large quantity of sth.The tropical island boasts an abundance of wildlife.She was blessed with talent and charm in abundance. Collocation:豐富豐富, , 許多許多abundance of充足，豐富充足，豐富in abundance豐年豐年a year of abundancemigrant: n. a bird or a

12、nimal that travels regularly from one part of 1) the world to anotherThe migrants span the animal kingdom, from whales to dragonflies.夏天候鳥來這里筑巢。夏天候鳥來這里筑巢。Summer migrants nest here.2) someone who goes to live in another area or country, especially in order to find workHistorically, California has wel

13、comed migrants from other states and nations.流動工人從一國轉(zhuǎn)到另一國。尋找工資高的工作。流動工人從一國轉(zhuǎn)到另一國。尋找工資高的工作。Migrant workers move from country to country in search of well-paid work.與與migrant 形似的詞有形似的詞有 emigrant “移居國外的人移居國外的人”， immigrant “(自國外移入的自國外移入的)移民移民”。NB:creep: vi. move quietly and slowly Ivy crept up the walls

14、of the building.She crept up behind him and put her hands over his eyes.creep, climb, crawl這三個動詞都有這三個動詞都有“爬爬”之意。之意。CF:creep 多指人或四足動物匍匐爬行，尤指偷偷地或不出多指人或四足動物匍匐爬行，尤指偷偷地或不出 聲地緩慢向前爬行。也指植物的蔓延生長等。聲地緩慢向前爬行。也指植物的蔓延生長等。climb 通常指用手或足爬上或爬下，也指飛機、日、月通常指用手或足爬上或爬下，也指飛機、日、月 的上升，還可用作比喻。的上升，還可用作比喻。crawl 指人或動物以身軀貼著地面緩慢地移

15、動。指人或動物以身軀貼著地面緩慢地移動。Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary..5.6.7.The baby across the floor. No one noticed that the little boy had into the room and was sitting there, listening. Boys were trees along the river bank. It took several hours to driv

16、e the 50 miles, along through the snow. She into Chrissys room, shutting the door silently behind her. Several fans onto the roof of the arena to get a better view. Sales have 11% this quarter. crawled_crept_climbing_crawling_crept_climbed_climbed_spell: n. 1) (state or condition caused by) magic po

17、werAfter a short spell in hospital she was soon back at work.她擔心你正從她魔力般的影響下清醒過來。她擔心你正從她魔力般的影響下清醒過來。She is afraid that you are waking from her spell.2) a short period of time during which sth. lastsHes had a spell of bad luck recently.她趁上班時一段清靜的時間寫了封信。她趁上班時一段清靜的時間寫了封信。She managed to write a letter du

18、ring a quiet spell at work.Collocation：在一段時間內(nèi)在一段時間內(nèi)during a spell作為作為的時期的時期a spell as失業(yè)期失業(yè)期a spell of unemployment 在咒語的支配下；中了咒語在咒語的支配下；中了咒語be/come/fall under被某人迷住被某人迷住under sb.s spellsettle on: fall from above and come to rest onAs a thick fog settled on the ground it became too dark to play outside

19、.When you are ready, fly down to Earth; settle on the moist green banks of a running stream.Pattern:對對感到滿足感到滿足settle for決定決定settle on同同清理賬目清理賬目settle with定下心來定下心來settle down to/intomysterious: adj. hard to explain or understandThe police are investigating the mysterious deaths of children at the hos

20、pital.一個神秘的捐助人提供了這筆錢。一個神秘的捐助人提供了這筆錢。A mysterious benefactor provided the money.malady: n. an illness; a serious problem Between 1937 and 1941 he discovered drugs which mitigated (緩和緩和) the worst symptoms of these maladies.暴力犯罪是為害現(xiàn)代社會的弊病之一。暴力犯罪是為害現(xiàn)代社會的弊病之一。Violent crime is one of the maladies affecti

21、ng modern society.flock: n. a group of birds, sheep or goatsNaturally the shepherds who had brought their flocks across must know the safest route.一群鳥飛過來一群鳥飛過來, 打獵開始了。打獵開始了。A flock of birds comes over, and the hunting starts.她趕著牛群穿過荒野。她趕著牛群穿過荒野。這三個名詞都有這三個名詞都有“群群”之意。之意。flock, herd & swarmCF:A flo

22、ck of customers were waiting for the store to open. 一群顧客在等候著商店開門。一群顧客在等候著商店開門。She drove the herd of cattle through the wilderness. 一群螞蟻正在忙碌地搬家。一群螞蟻正在忙碌地搬家。A swarm of ants are moving busily.flock 主要指鳥群、羊群，也指較小的動物群，也可指人主要指鳥群、羊群，也指較小的動物群，也可指人 群。例如：群。例如：herd 一般指大動物的群，尤指家畜的群，也可指人群。一般指大動物的群，尤指家畜的群，也可指人群。s

23、warm 通常指蜜蜂、昆蟲等的群。通常指蜜蜂、昆蟲等的群。puzzle: v. make (sb.) worry and think hard He puzzled his brains to find an answer.She was still puzzling over this problem when she reached the office.stricken: adj. seriously affected by a disease or a difficult situation Fire broke out on the stricken ship.食物和藥品被迅速運往受

24、災(zāi)的城市。食物和藥品被迅速運往受災(zāi)的城市。Supplies of food and medicine were rushed to the stricken city.stricken 是是strike 的過去分詞，意為的過去分詞，意為“被打中的被打中的, 受受了傷的了傷的; 被侵害的被侵害的; 受受之苦的之苦的”；（作定語或構(gòu)成；（作定語或構(gòu)成復合詞）意為復合詞）意為“受災(zāi)的受災(zāi)的, 遇難的遇難的; 患病的患病的; 受罪的受罪的; 愁愁苦的苦的; 衰老的衰老的; 受了創(chuàng)傷的受了創(chuàng)傷的”。例如：。例如：NB:be stricken with poverty受貧困的折磨受貧困的折磨a stric

25、ken area災(zāi)區(qū)災(zāi)區(qū)poverty-stricken 貧窮不堪的貧窮不堪的desert: vt. abandon His father had deserted the family when Graham was three years old.他遺棄妻女，返回了英格蘭。他遺棄妻女，返回了英格蘭。He deserted his wife and daughter and went back to England.desert, abandon & give up這兩個動詞和一個詞組均含這兩個動詞和一個詞組均含“拋棄、放棄拋棄、放棄”之意。之意。CF:desert 著重指違背法律責

26、任和義務(wù)，或自己的信仰與誓言的著重指違背法律責任和義務(wù)，或自己的信仰與誓言的 行為，多含非難的意味。行為，多含非難的意味。abandon 強調(diào)永遠或完全放棄或拋棄人或事物等，這可能是強調(diào)永遠或完全放棄或拋棄人或事物等，這可能是 被迫的，也可能是自愿的。被迫的，也可能是自愿的。give up 普通用語，強調(diào)指沒有希望或因外界壓力而放棄。普通用語，強調(diào)指沒有希望或因外界壓力而放棄。Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary..5.6.Many of the p

27、artys traditional voters it at the last election. Bad habits are not easily . We had to the car and walk the rest of the way. The family refused to any of their land. Mrs. Hasan was by her husband and had to support four children on her own. Because of the fog they their idea of driving. deserted_gi

28、ven up_abandon_give up_deserted_abandoned_scores of: a large number of Scores of reporters gathered outside the courthouse. 那里有好多人那里有好多人, 也許有也許有80個或者更多。個或者更多。There are scores of people there, maybe eighty or more.be lined with: have rows of sth. along the sides The street was lined with small shops.

29、The road is lined with people waving flags.Collocation：（財政）日常支出的（財政）日常支出的above the line（財政）資本支出的（財政）資本支出的below the line使符合，使一致使符合，使一致bring someone/thing into line一致一致come into linepatch: n. an area that is different from what surrounds itI noticed a patch of dirt in the middle of the rug.這只狗的皮毛白色中帶有

30、黑斑。這只狗的皮毛白色中帶有黑斑。The dogs coat is white with black patches.silence: vt. bring to silence, put a stop toShe was silenced by the Inspectors stern look.該隊的表現(xiàn)使愛挑他們毛病的人啞口無言。該隊的表現(xiàn)使愛挑他們毛病的人啞口無言。The teams performance silenced their critics. Collocation:安靜地，無聲地安靜地，無聲地in silence( (諺諺) )沉默是金；什么話不說為好沉默是金；什么話不說為

31、好silence is goldencounterpart: n. a person or thing that has the same position or function as another in a different place or situationBelgian officials are discussing this with their French counterparts.The sales director phoned her counterpart in the other firm.misfortune: n. bad luckThe project w

32、as dogged by misfortune.她不幸摔斷了腿。她不幸摔斷了腿。She had the misfortune to break her leg.這三個名詞均表示這三個名詞均表示“災(zāi)難災(zāi)難”或或“不幸不幸”之意。之意。misfortune, disaster & calamity CF:misfortune 普通用詞，多批較為嚴重的不幸，強調(diào)不幸普通用詞，多批較為嚴重的不幸，強調(diào)不幸 多由外界因素所致。多由外界因素所致。disaster 普通用詞，指大破壞、痛苦或傷亡。普通用詞，指大破壞、痛苦或傷亡。calamity 多指個人的不幸，比多指個人的不幸，比disaster嚴重，強調(diào)災(zāi)難嚴重，強調(diào)災(zāi)難 引起的悲痛以及對于損失的感覺。引起的悲痛以及對于損失的感覺。Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary..5.Natural such as floods and earthquakes are common occurrences in California. It will be a for farmers if the crops failed again. Her worsened this year,