現(xiàn)在分詞用法與練習(xí)

1、現(xiàn)在分詞用法與練習(xí)一、現(xiàn)在分詞的各種形式及意義名稱形式意義例句一般式doing與其邏輯主語構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系；與謂語動詞表示的動作同時發(fā)生或幾乎同時發(fā)生The professor came in, following the headmaster教授跟著校長進(jìn)來了。 現(xiàn)在分詞的被動形式being done強(qiáng)調(diào)被動的動作在進(jìn)行或與謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生The question being discussed is very important. 現(xiàn)在正討論的問題很重要?，F(xiàn)在分詞的完成式having done分詞所表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語之前Having studied the map，I know whi

2、ch way to go仔細(xì)看完地圖后，我知道該走哪條路了。現(xiàn)在分詞的完成被動式having been done分詞所表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞表示的動作之前；分詞與其邏輯主語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系Having been scolded many times by the boss，he decided to leave被老板責(zé)罵很屢次后，他決定離開。二、現(xiàn)在分詞的句法功能1作定語 單個的現(xiàn)在分詞充當(dāng)前置定語，分詞短語充當(dāng)后置定語。但是，完成式的現(xiàn)在分詞不能用作定語。 The swimming boy is my elder brother正在游泳的男孩是我的哥哥。 Tell the boys playi

3、ng over there not to make any noise告訴那邊正在玩的男孩們不要制造噪。2作表語 現(xiàn)在分詞作表語，用來說明主語的性質(zhì)和特征，相當(dāng)于形容詞，其主語通常是物。一般跟在連系動詞be，get，be，come，look，sound，feel，keep，remain，grow，seem，appear等后面。 The story sounds interesting這個故事聽起來很有趣。 The news was disappointing這個消息令人失望。【點(diǎn)津】動名詞也可以作表語，此時主語和表語是對等關(guān)系，可以互換位置。 Your task is cleaning the

4、 windows=Cleaning the windows is your task你的任務(wù)是擦窗戶。3作補(bǔ)足語(1) 現(xiàn)在分詞可以在see，hear，notice，watch，feel，look at，listen to，observe，have，get，leave，keep，set，catch，find等動詞(短語)后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語。 I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car 我下車的時候注意到一個男人匆匆忙忙地從銀行里跑出來。(2) 上面這類句子也可變成被動語態(tài)，這時，現(xiàn)在分詞可看成是主語補(bǔ)足語。She

5、was heard singing an English song yesterday昨天有人聽見她在唱英文歌曲。A cook will be fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen. 廚師假設(shè)被發(fā)現(xiàn)在廚房內(nèi)抽煙會被解雇。3with +賓語+v-ingWith so many people looking at her, she felt nervous.4作狀語 現(xiàn)在分詞或分詞短語作狀語時，可以表時間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、行為方式、伴隨狀況等。必須記?。簭木浜椭骶涞闹髡Z必須一致。(1) 表示時間。現(xiàn)在分詞表時間時，相當(dāng)于when等引導(dǎo)的時間

6、狀語從句。 Be careful when crossing the road=Be careful when you are crossing the road.過馬路時小心點(diǎn)。 Having turned off the TV, he began to do his homework關(guān)掉電視后，他開始做家庭作業(yè)。 =After he had turned off the TVhe began to do his homework(2) 表示原因 Being so excited, she couldnt go to sleep(=Because she was so excited, sh

7、e couldnt go to sleep.) 因為她太興奮了，所以睡不著。 Not having received his reply，she decided to make a call to him=Because she hadnt received his reply, she decided to make a call to him因為沒有收到他的回信，她決定給他打個 。(3) 表示方式或伴隨，常相當(dāng)于一個and引起的并列分句。 The teacher came into the classroom, holding a book in his hand (=The teache

8、r came into the classroom and held a book in his hand.) 老師手拿一本書走進(jìn)教室。 He came running into the room. (=He came and ran into the room)他跑進(jìn)屋來。(4) 表示結(jié)果，常相當(dāng)于一個and引起的并列分句。這類狀語常放在句子的后半局部，分詞前往往有副詞thus, thereby(因此)或only，并有逗號同前面的句子成分隔開，?？勺g為“于是，所以，因而等。這種分詞的邏輯主語既可以是句子的主語，也可以是前邊的整個句子。邏輯主語為前邊的整個句子時，其作用相當(dāng)于一個非限制性的定語

9、從句。 The car was held up by the storm，causing the delay. (=The car was held up by the storm and caused the delay.) 汽車被暴風(fēng)雨所阻擋，因而耽誤了。 The old scientist died all of a sudden, leaving the project unfinished. (=The old scientist died all of a sudden, and left the project unfinished.) 那位老科學(xué)突然去世，留下未盡的事業(yè)。 He

10、 turned off the lamp, (thereby) seeing nothing. (=He turned off the lamp, thereby he saw nothing.) 他熄了燈，什么也看不見了。 A number of new machines were introduced from abroad, thus resulting in an increase in production. (=A number of new machines were introduced from abroad, which resulted in an increase in

11、 production.) 大量的新機(jī)器被從國外引入，導(dǎo)致生產(chǎn)增加。(5 ) 表示條件，常相當(dāng)于一個if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。 Working hard, youll succeed. (=If you work hard，youll succeed.) 努力工作，你就會成功。(6) 表示讓步，常相當(dāng)于一個though等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。 Though feeling tired, Billy he didnt stop working.(=Though Billy felt tired, he didnt stop working. 盡管覺得很累，但比利并沒有停止他的工作。提示：如果現(xiàn)在分詞

12、作時間，條件或者讓步狀語時，前面可以直接加相應(yīng)的連詞，如when,while,unless,if ,though。Be careful when crossing the roadThough feeling tired, Billy he didnt stop working三、分詞的否認(rèn)式 分詞的否認(rèn)式總是將否認(rèn)詞not置于分詞之前，遇上現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式、被動式以及完成被動式，否認(rèn)詞應(yīng)置于整個結(jié)構(gòu)之前。 Not knowing what to do next, she stopped to wait不知道下一步干什么，她停下來等著。 Not having finished the home

13、work, the little girl doesnt dare to go to school 小女孩沒完成作業(yè)不敢去學(xué)校。四、獨(dú)立成分作狀語 有些分詞短語，其形式的選擇不受上下文的影響，稱作獨(dú)立成分。常見的有：generally speaking總的來說；judging from / by根據(jù)判斷；speaking of說到； talking of談到；frankly speaking坦率地說；allowing for考慮到。 Judging by his face, he was angry從他的臉色上看，他很生氣。 The project will take about 8 mont

14、hs, allowing for delays caused by the rainy season. 考慮到雨季的耽誤，這項工程大約需要8個月。 Frankly speaking，the car is not worth buying. 坦率地說，這部車不值得買。五根底練習(xí)題1.He sat there _ a novel.      A. read    B. reading   C. reads   D. had read2. Dont wake up the

15、_ child.  A. sleep   B. slept   C. sleeping  D. sleepy3.A proverb goes: A _ stone gathers no moss. A. roll   B. rolling  C. rolled  D. rolls4.The heavy rain kept us _ for two hours.   A. wait  B. waited  C. waiting 

16、 D. to wait5. We found the baby  _ on the floor.       A. slept  B. sleep  C. asleep  D. sleeping6.Jack saw a woman _ near the dog , so he walked up to her.A. stood    B. stands   C. to stand   D. standing7._ our sh

17、oes in our hands , we crossed the stream.A. To carry  B. Carrying  C. Carried  D. Carry 8._ my homework, I went home .A. Having finished  B. Finished   C. Being finished   D. Finish9._ the door unlocked, I went in.A. Finding  B. Found  C. Had found&#

18、160; D. Have found10._ a careless fellow, he forget all about it.         A. Is  B. Be  C. Being  D. Was11. You must be careful when _ on the highway.A. you driving  B. are driving  C. driving  D. you were driving12.Engines are ma

19、chines _ power or motion.A. produce   B. producing   C. produced   D. which producing13Weather _ , we will have a picnic tomorrow.  A. permit B. permits C. permitted D. permitting14.The vacation  _ over , the students came back to school.  A. is B. a

20、re C. was D. being15._ the painting, he gave a sigh of relief.A. Finishing   B. Has finished   C. Being finished  D. Having finished16._ the way to take, the traveller went on his journey.A. Telling  B. Having told  C. Having been told  D. Have told 17. Dont s

21、it there_nothing. Come and help me with this table. A. do         B. to do       C. doing    D. and doing 18. The wild flower looked like a soft orange blanket_the desert. A. covering    B. covered &#

22、160;  C. cover     D. to cover 19. Toms never willing to alter any of his opinions. Its no use_with him. A. to argue    B. arguing      C. argued   D. having argued 20._ , the more expensive the camera, the better its qu

23、ality. A. General speaking            B. Speaking general C. Generally speaking           D. Speaking generally 21. “You cant catch me! Jane shouted,_away. A. run      &#

24、160; B. running          C. to run          D. ran 22. I couldt do my homework with all that noise_ . A. going on   B. goes on         C. went on  

25、60;     D. to go on 23._for many years, the two brothers cant recognize each other. A. Being separated              B. Having separated C. Having been separated        D. To b

26、e separated 24. The manager,_it clear to us that he didnt agree with us, left the meeting room. A. who has made        B. having made      C. made         D. making 25. Dont leave the water_while you

27、brush your teeth. A. run                    B. running           C. being run      D. to run 26. Having been ill in bed for nearly

28、 a month, he had a hard time_the exam. A. pass                   B. to pass           C. passed        D. passing 27. He look

29、ed around and caught a man_his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put                    B. to be putting       C. to put         

30、D. putting 28. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found_in the kitchen. A. smoke                 B. smoking           C. to smoke      D.

31、smoked 29. I couldnt find my key to the car when_home. A. leaving           B. to leave          C. left          D. having left 30. Though_money, his parents m

32、anaged to send him to university. A. lacked           B. lack        C. lacking       D. lacked in 31. The_girl was last seen_near the park. A. missing; playing     

33、   B. missing; play C. missed; play           D. missed; to play. A. to repair bikes             B. bikes to be repaired C. bikes being repaired      

34、 D. repairing bikes 32. The old man told the story in a_voice and the little girl felt very _. A. frightening; frightened            B. frightened; frightening C. frightening; frightening         

35、0; D. frightened; frightened 33. Did you tell her the news? No, of course not. But_from what she said, she must have known about it. A. judge             B. judged             

36、;  C. being judged         D. judging 34._full preparations, we decided to put off the meeting till next week. A. Not being made               B. Having not made C. Making not 

37、0;                  D. Not having made 文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡(luò)搜索六真題再現(xiàn)1. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door_ "Sorry to miss you; will call later." (99) A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading2. Rec

38、ently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. (11江蘇 31 )A. compared B. comparing C. compares D.being compared3. The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. (2021浙

39、江)A. being weighed B. to weigh C. weighed D. weighing4. The government plans to bring in new laws _ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children. 09江西34A. forced        B. forcing    C. to be forced     D. ha

40、ving forced5. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom. A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed2007全國C. being opened and closed D. to open and close6. The picture _ on the wall is painted by my nephew. 2000·北安春招·15 A. having hung B. hangi

41、ng C. hangs D. being hung7. After a knock at the door, the child heard his mothers voice _ him. (2007上海) A. callingB. calledC. being calledD. to call8. The _ boy was last seen _ near the East Lake. 2000·上海·39A. missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D. missed; to play9. I 

42、;was told that there were about 50 foreign students _ Chinese in the school, most _ were from Germany. 2006遼寧A. study; of whom      B. study; of them C. studying; of them 

43、;       D. studying; of  whom10. While watching television, _. 2005全國A. the doorbell rang  B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings11.

44、0;When _different cultures ,we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. 2006浙江   A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared

45、12. "Cant you read?" Mary said_ to the notice. (93) A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing13. The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here. (94) A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added

46、14. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, _ in the natural light during the day. (2007·天津·6)A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let15. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _ a record US$ 57.65 a barrel on April 4.2005山東A.

47、0;have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching16. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, _ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.2005上海A. taking    B. taken C. having taken D. 

48、having been taken17. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _ the girl and took her away, _ into the woods.   2004上海春招A. seizing; disappeared B. seized; disappeared C. Seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing18. The manager, _ his factorys products were poor in quali

49、ty, decided to give his workers further training. 2003安徽春招A. knowing B. known C. to know D. being known19. Though _ money, his parents managed to send him to university. 2002上海A. lacked       B. lacking of   C. lacking      D. lacked in21. Sit d

50、own, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, on your feet. (11北京) A. to keep B. keeping C. having kept D. to have kept22. The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu, _ the students to return to their classrooms. 2021江蘇A. enabling B. having enab

51、led C. to enable D. to have enabled23. Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake. 2021福建A. sending B. to send C. having sent D. to have sent24. The lady walked around the shops, an eye out for bargains. 2021江西A. keep B. kept C. kee

52、ping D. to keep 25. At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, _ in a small apartment near Boston and _ what to do about his future. (09 湖南25)A. living; wondering B. lived; wonderingC. lived; wonder D. living; wondered26. When we visited my family home, memory came _ back. (09遼寧22)A. flooding B. to flood

53、C. flood D. flooded27. In April, 2021, President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao, _the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy. (09福建)A. marking B. marked C. having marked D. being marked29. _ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory. (08 A.

54、To throw B. Thrown C. Throwing D. Being thrown 31. _ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. ( 08安 A. To walk B. Walking C. Walked D.Having walked32. We had an anxious couple of weeks _ for the results of the experiment. (08四川) A. wait B. to being waiting C. waited D.

55、 waiting 33. Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some _ a life span of around 20 years. A. having B. had C. have D. to have34. The storm left, _ a lot of damage to this area.   2005·全國A. caused  B. to have caused  C. to cause  D. having caused35. The manager, _ it clear to us that he didnt agree with us, left the meeting room.A. who has made B. having made C. made D. making36. Dina, for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a pos