初中語(yǔ)法一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)講解練習(xí)含答案

1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一、定義與講解：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或一般性事實(shí)。 ，也可表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或主語(yǔ)具備的性格和能力。通常與副詞 every day （每天），always （總是），usually （通常），often （經(jīng)常）sometimes （有 時(shí)）,等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。例：（ 1 ）表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。Mary s father is an English teacher. 瑪麗的爸爸是一名英語(yǔ)老師。（ 2 ）表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。She plays spor

2、ts every day. 她每天都做運(yùn)動(dòng)。（ 3 ）表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。The table has four legs. 桌子有四條腿。There are 50 students in my class. 我們班有 50 個(gè)學(xué)生。（ 4 ）表示客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自然現(xiàn)象，等客觀事實(shí)或格言諺語(yǔ)等。The sun rises in the east every day. 太陽(yáng)每天從東方升起。The earth goes around the sun. 地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。（ 5 ）表示平日的喜好。I like bananas. We don t like vegetables.He likes ice

3、cream. She doesn t like strawberries.二只有主語(yǔ)在第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)用動(dòng)詞的“三單形式” ，其他人稱(chēng)用動(dòng)詞原形。動(dòng)詞三單形式的變化規(guī)則：1 . （1）多數(shù)直接在動(dòng)詞詞尾加-s.play plays like likesask-asks work-worksget-gets call-calls（2）以字母s, x, ch, sh或。結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在詞尾直接加-es.watch-watcheswish-wishesdo-doesgo-goes（ 3）以“輔音字母加- y ”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，要先變y 為 i 再加 -es.try-triesstudy-studiescry

4、-criesfly-flies2 .不規(guī)則變化： beis havehas三、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句子轉(zhuǎn)換：（ 1 ）變一般疑問(wèn)句：當(dāng)句子中有be 動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，則把be 動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（can,could等）提到主語(yǔ)的前面，（口訣：一調(diào)二變?nèi)龁?wèn)號(hào)） ;（ 2 ）變否定句：在be 動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面直接加not 變成否定句 . （be 后 not 莫忘記 ）例：陳述句： She is my sister.疑問(wèn)句 Is she your sister? Yes, I am./ No, I' m not.否定句 She is not my sister.陳述句： I can play socc

5、er.疑問(wèn)句f Can you play soccer? Yes,Ican./ No, I can' t.否定句 I can not /can' t play soccer.注意：對(duì)一般疑問(wèn)句的回答：一般用什么問(wèn)就用什么來(lái)回答。但以下例外： Is this a pencil? Yes , it is./ No, it isn t.Is that your backpack? Yes , it is./ No, it isn t.Are these your parents? Yes, they re./ No, they aren t.Are those Jim s broth

6、eYrse?s, they re./ No, they aren t.（ 3） 當(dāng)句子中沒(méi)有be 動(dòng)詞， 也沒(méi)有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)， 變一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)， 在主語(yǔ)前加助動(dòng)詞 do （I,we, you,以及復(fù)數(shù)），does （第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù) she,he,it等）變成問(wèn)句；（4）變否定句時(shí)，在主語(yǔ)后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前加助動(dòng)詞don t, doesn t 變成否定句，切記：助動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)詞則還原成動(dòng)詞原形。例：陳述句： We get up （起床）at 7:00 every morning.疑問(wèn)句 Do you get up at 7:00 every morning?否定句 We don ' t get up

7、 at 7:00 every morning.陳述句： She has a brother.疑問(wèn)句 Does she have a brother?否定句 She doesn' t have a brother.在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中， 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)， 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式， 即常在動(dòng)詞原形后加-s或-es。但有些同學(xué)們對(duì)于哪些主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)還不十分清楚，現(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)如下：一、人稱(chēng)代詞 he, she, it 是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。如：He likes watching TV. 他喜歡看電視。She has lunch at twelve. 她十二點(diǎn)吃午餐。二、單個(gè)人名、地名或稱(chēng)

8、呼作主語(yǔ)；是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。如： Han Mei likes salsd . 韓梅喜歡薩拉。 Beijing is in China. 北京在中國(guó)。 Uncle Wang often plays volleyball. 王叔叔經(jīng)常打排球。三、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或"this / that / the+ 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞"作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。如： This book is yours. 這本書(shū)是你的。 That car is red. The cat is Lucy's.這只貓是露茜的。四、不定代詞 someone, somebody, nobody, everything,

9、 something 等及指示代詞this, that 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。 Everyone is here. 大家到齊了。 There is a watch on the table. 桌上有塊手表。This is a pen.這是一支鋼筆。 That is an eraser.五、不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。如：The milk （牛奶）is in the glass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。 The bread is very small. 那面包很小。六、當(dāng)數(shù)字或字母作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，看作第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。如： "6" is a lucky number. "6

10、" 是個(gè)吉利數(shù)字。T is a letter. "I"是個(gè)字母。一、按照要求改寫(xiě)句子1. This is my pencil ? (變一般疑問(wèn)句)your pencil ?2. These red socks are Kate s . (變一般疑問(wèn)句)socks Kate s ?3. Mary does not have any books . ( 變肯定句 )some books .4. She likes the black bag very much . (變?yōu)榉穸ň?)5. I like apples. (用 she 改寫(xiě)句子 )6. It s an En

11、glish dictionary . (對(duì)畫(huà)線部分提問(wèn) ).7. He has hamburger and apples for dinner . ( 變一般疑問(wèn)句 )二、用 Be 動(dòng)詞填空。1. you Li Fen ? No, not .2. Mr. greenvery busy? Yes , he .3.This bookvery interesting .4. What class you in ?5. You and Igood friends .6. The basketball club fun .三用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Lin Tao (like) his ruler

12、 . 2. Let s (have) ice cream .3. Let s(play) tennis ! 4. He(like) English.5. Nice(meet) you ! 6. I(need) some fruits.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專(zhuān)練:一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式。have like drink go stay study teachmake look havecomewatchplantfly do用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often (have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy (be) in Class One.

13、3. We(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. they (like) pears?6. your parents (have) eggs every day?7. There (be) some water in the bottle.18. Mike (like) cooking.9. They (have) the same hobby.10. Liu Tao (do) not like PE.11. This boy often (watch) TV in the evening.五、改錯(cuò)(

14、劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫(xiě)在橫線上)1. Is your brother speak English? 2. Does he likes going fishing?3. He likes play games after class. 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English.5. She don t do her homework on Sundays. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)句型轉(zhuǎn)換This is a white key. （對(duì)畫(huà)線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn)）Ben s bag is yellow and red . （對(duì)畫(huà)線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn) ）Her name is Gina. （對(duì)畫(huà)線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn)

15、）My phone number is 673-8220. （對(duì)畫(huà)線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn) ）The boy s name is Jack. （對(duì)畫(huà)線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn)）The picture is on the wall. （對(duì)畫(huà)線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn) ）Your baseball is under the chair. （對(duì)畫(huà)線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn)）His book is on the desk. （對(duì)畫(huà)線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn)）Some balls are in thedresser. （對(duì)畫(huà)線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn)）My computer is on my desk. （對(duì)畫(huà)線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn) ）He is Johnny. （改為一般疑問(wèn)句

16、）These are his parents. （ 改為一般疑問(wèn)句 ）This is my sister. （改為一般疑問(wèn)句）14 .The baseball is under the bed. （改為一般疑問(wèn)句）15 .My key is on the bed. （ 改為一般疑問(wèn)句 ）16 .He has a tennis racket. （改為一般疑問(wèn)句）17.I have some baseball bats. （改為一般疑問(wèn)句 ）18.She has many things to do today. （ 改為一般疑問(wèn)句 ）1.1 I like hamburgers . （改為一般疑問(wèn)句

17、 ）20 .They have a TV. （改為一般疑問(wèn)句）25 .You are Tina. （改為否定句 ）26 .These are my brothers. （ 改為否定句 ）27 .The books are on the bookcase. （改為否定句）28 .Three books are under the desk. （改為否定句）29 .She has a computer game. （改為否定句）30 .Wehavea big TV inour house.（改為否定句）31 .Kate has some money in her pocket. （改為否定句 ）3

18、2 .Helikesicecream. （改為否定句 ）34 .Nice to meet you! （寫(xiě)出答語(yǔ)）Is that a dictionary ?（ 改為復(fù)數(shù)句 ） 36These are photos. （ 改為單數(shù)句 ）35 .Is he your cousin? （作肯定回答）36 .Is Linda his sister? （作否定回答）37 .Is this a Chinese book? （作否定回答 ）40 .Those are dictionaries. （ 改為單數(shù)句 ）41 .Is the CD on the sofa?（ 作肯定回答 ）42 .Are the c

19、hairs next to the table ?（作否定回答 ）43 .Where is my book ?（改為復(fù)數(shù)句子）44 .They are on the sofa .（ 改為單數(shù)句子）一、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的含義現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)是由“助動(dòng)詞 be（am, is, are）+動(dòng)詞-ing”構(gòu)成，表示說(shuō)話者“此刻”或現(xiàn)階 段的行為。二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)1 .肯定句：主語(yǔ)+be（am, is, are）+現(xiàn)在分詞+,例如：I am speaking with him on the phone. 我正和他通電話。He is playing tennis. 他正在打網(wǎng)球。 My parents are

20、 dancing. 我父母正在跳舞。2否定句：主語(yǔ)+be not+ 現(xiàn)在分詞 +, 例如：I'm not studying. 我沒(méi)在學(xué)習(xí)。 She is not reading now. 現(xiàn)在她不是在看書(shū)。They are not writing. 他們沒(méi)在寫(xiě)。3一般疑問(wèn)句： Be 動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞 +, ？例如：（1） Is she still helping Li Ling?她還在幫助李玲嗎？ Yes, she is. 是的。 /No, she isn't. 不，她沒(méi)在幫李玲。（2） Are you listening to music? 你正在聽(tīng)音樂(lè)嗎？ Yes, I

21、 am. 是的。 /No, I'm not. 不，我沒(méi)有聽(tīng)音樂(lè)。4 特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞 +be 動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ) +現(xiàn)在分詞 +, ？例如： What are you studying? 你正在學(xué)什么？ I'm studying English. 我在學(xué)英語(yǔ)。 What is Mike doing? 邁克在做什么？ He is watching the football match. 他在看足球比賽。三、現(xiàn)在分詞的變化規(guī)則1 .一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加ing, 如：think-thinkinggo-going2 .以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先去掉e,再加ing,如：come-coming

22、make-making3 .以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，中間只有一個(gè)元音字母，詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，再加ing, 如： put-puttingrun-running四、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法1表示此時(shí)此刻 （說(shuō)話者）正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。例如：The teacher is talking with his students. 這位老師正在同他的學(xué)生交談。What are you doing now? 你現(xiàn)在干什么呢？2表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，但此刻并不一定在進(jìn)行。例如：We are doing an experiment this week. 我們這個(gè)星期正在做一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。（但說(shuō)話時(shí)

23、并不一定在做實(shí)驗(yàn)。）3現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)可用來(lái)表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，這一用法常用于go, come, leave, start等 短暫性 動(dòng)詞 ， 后面也 常 用 表 示較近 的 將來(lái) 時(shí) 間狀語(yǔ) （如 tomorrow, tonight, this morning/Friday 等 ），表示安排或計(jì)劃好的事情。例如：We are leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. 我們明天啟程去上海。4 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正發(fā)生的或者正進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)now , at themoment 等連用。It is raining hard now . Don't hurry

24、.I am writing a letter . Will you please turn down the radio ?Watch out （ 當(dāng)心 ） ! It's falling .Look ! The clouds are gathering .Look at this picture of a busy railway station . A train is standing at one of the platforms ready to leave . Some of thepassengers are looking out of the windows watch

25、ing the late-comers who are hurrying along looking for empty seats .We are busy at the moment . I'm selling cigarettes . My father is selling some sweets .5 .表示按計(jì)劃、安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。We are going to Rome next week . Mr Black is leaving for Shanghai in a few days .Are you doing anything special tonight ?6

26、用在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中表達(dá)將來(lái)正進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。I'll telephone you tomorrow while I'm waiting .I'll think about it while you are writing the report .When you are talking with him , take care not to mention this .If you are standing at the corner when I pass , I'll give you a lift into town .五、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的練習(xí)題 按要求改寫(xiě)

27、句子The boy is playing basketball.否定句： 一般疑問(wèn)句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 對(duì)“ is playing basketball ”提問(wèn)： 對(duì)“ The boy ”提問(wèn)： They are singing in the classroom.否定句： 一般疑問(wèn)句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 對(duì)“ are singing ”提問(wèn)： 對(duì)“ in the classroom ”提問(wèn)： 6 .she,the window ,open, now.（ 用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)連詞成句 .）5 .The birds are singing in the tree.( 就劃線部分提問(wèn) )6 .

28、is,who,the window, cleaning?( 連詞成句 )7 . The children are playing games near the house.( 就劃線部分提問(wèn) )8 .She is closing the door now.( 改成否定句 )9 .You are doing your homework.(用"I"作主語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子 )10 .they,the tree, sing, now, under.( 用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)連詞成句 .)11 .The Young Pioneers are helping the old woman.( 改成一般疑問(wèn)

29、句 )II.單項(xiàng)選擇( )1.我在照看孩子.(A)I am looking after the baby.(B)I'm look aftering the baby.(C)I look am aftering the baby.(D)I looking after the baby.( )2.friend's making a kite.(A)I, me(B)My, my(C)My, me(D)His, his( )3.Is the woman yellow your teacher?(A)in(B)putting on(C)wearing(D)having( )4.Look!

30、The twins their mother do the housework.(A)are wanting (B)help(C)are helping(D)are looking( )5.are the birds doing? They are singing in a tree.(A)Who(B)What( )6.Is she something?(A)eat(B)eating( )7.你在干什么 ?(A)What is you doing?(C)What are you doing?( )8.What are you listening(A)/(B)for(C)How(D)Where(

31、C)eatting(D)eats(B)What are you do?(D)What do you do?(C)at(D)to( )9.我正在聽(tīng)他說(shuō)話.(A)I listening to him.(C)I'm listen to him.( )10.They are their clothes.(A)makeing(B)puttingIII.用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)完成下列句子：1.Whatyou(do)?(B)I'm listening to him.(D)I'm listening him.(C)put away(D)putting on2.I(sing) an English

32、 song3.Whathe(mend)? 4.He(mend) a car.5. you(fly) a kite? Yes ,6. she(sit) in the boat?7. you(ask) questions?8.We(play) games now.9.The man(work) near the house now.Many animals use some kind of “l(fā)anguage” . They use signals(信號(hào))and the signals have meanings. For example, when a bee(蜜蜂)has found some

33、 food, it goes 16 home. It is 17 for a bee to tell 18 bees where the food is by speaking to 19 , but it can do a little dancing. This tells the bees where the food is and 20 it is.Some animals show how they feel by making sounds. It is not difficult to 21 . If a dog is angry, it barks( 吠). Birds mak

34、e several different sounds and 22 has its own meaning. Sometimes we humans make sounds 23 . We make sounds like“Oh! ” or“Ouch!” to show how we feel about something or when we 24 something on our feet.We humans have languages. We have words. These words have the meaning of things ， actions(行動(dòng)),feelin

35、gs or ideas. We 25 give each other information. Writing down words , we can remember what has happened or send messages to people far away.()16.A.out of B.on with C.away from D.back()17.A.important()18.A.each other()19.A.it()20.A.how longB.difficult C.necessaryD.impossibleB.another C.other D.othersB

36、.him C.themD.themselvesB.how far C.how many D.how old( )21.A.watch B.see C.look D.tell ( )22.A.each B.every C.all D.someB.by different sounds()23.A.in the same soundC.in the same wayD.by different ways()24.A.put B.drop C.fall D.set( )25.A.could B.are able to C.couldn t D.be able toW.閱讀理解。(共30分)A)Pla

37、nts are very important. This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals can get their food by eating plants and other animals. Man gets his food by eating plants and animals, too. So animals and man need plants in order to live. This i