2019高考英語北京卷帶答案解析

1、10/1812019年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（北京卷）英語（考試時間：100分鐘試卷滿分：120分）第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，45 分）第一節(jié)語法填空（共 10 小題；每小題 1.5 分，共 15 分）A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Onthefirstdayofmyfirstgrade,Istoodbythedoorwithbutterfliesinmystomach.I1（voice）mybiggestconcerntomymother.HowwillImakefriends?Shehan

2、dedmeadvice.Beyourself.years,Ihavelivedbythesewords.SoonIwillgraduateandbecomepartoftherealworld.Nervously2（face）challenges,IknowIwillwhisperto3（I）thetwosimplewordsBeyourself”.【答案】1.voiced2.facing3.myself10/182【解析】這是一篇記敘文。作者在一年級的第一天，對交友感到困惑，媽媽的建議Beyourself（做自己）讓作者受益良多。【1題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：我向媽媽表達了我最大的擔憂，我將如

3、何交朋友？”此處的voice是動詞，表達”的意思，作謂語。敘述的是一年級的事情，用一般過去時。故填voicedo【2題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：緊張地面對挑戰(zhàn)，我知道我將輕聲對自己說兩個簡單的字Beyourself分析句式可知，此處是作句子的狀語，要用非謂語動詞，其邏輯主語是I,與邏輯主語之間是主動關系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填facing?！?題詳解】考查代詞。句意：緊張地面對挑戰(zhàn)，我知道我將輕聲對自己說兩個簡單的字Beyourself本句的主語是I,當賓語與主語是同一人稱時，賓語要用反身代詞。故填myself。閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確

4、形式填空。EarthDay,4(mark)on22April,isanannualeventaimingtoraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotection.Firstcelebrated51970,theDaynowincludeseventsinmorethan190countriesandregions(地區(qū)).Nomatterwhatyouliketodo,thereisawaytogetinvolvedinvarious6(activity)onEarthDay.Youcanplantatree,makeamealwithlocally

5、grownvegetables,orsavepowerthepossibilitiesareendless.【答案】4.marked5.in6.activities1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白10/183【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了地球日這一節(jié)日的歷史和意義?！?題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：地球日于4月22日舉行，是一項旨在提高公眾環(huán)保意識的年度活動。分析句式可知，設空處是要作名詞EarthDay的后置定語，且兩者之間是被動關系，要用過去分詞。故填marked。5題詳解】考查介詞。句意：第一次慶祝是在1970年。如今，這一天的活動遍及190多個國家和地區(qū)。在年份前要用介詞in。故

6、填in?！?題詳解】考查名詞。句意：無論你喜歡做什么，有一個方法可以讓你參與地球日的各種活動。根據(jù)設空前的修飾詞various可知，此處要用名詞的復數(shù)形式。故填activitiesoC閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Doesthenameofthecollegeyouattendreallymatter?Researchonthequestion7(suggest)that,formoststudents,itdoesnWhatstudentsdoatcollegeseemstomattermuchmo

7、rethan8theygo.Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethose9aretotallyengaged(參與)inacademiclife,takingfulladvantageofthecollegechancesandresources(資源).Studentsshouldhaveaproperattitudetowardscollegebeforethinkingaboutwhichcollegetoattend,anditsnevertooearlytomakenecessarypreparationsforaIand10(meani

8、ng)collegeexperience.【答案】7.suggests/suggested/hassuggested8.where9.who/that10.meaningful【解析】這是一篇說明文。研究表明，大學的名氣對學生來說并不重要，從大學生活中受益最多的是完全投入學術生活，充分利用大學機會和資源的學生。所以要以正確的態(tài)度來選擇大學?！?題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：對于這個問題的研究表明，對于大多數(shù)學生來說，它不重要。這里表示研究的客觀結(jié)果，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時，一般過去時或現(xiàn)在完成時均可，故填suggests/suggested/hassuggested【8題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：學生在大

9、學里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大學）更重要。這里表達去哪所大學，表示地點，作狀語。故用where。【9題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：從大學中獲益最多的學生是那些完全投入學術生活的學生。3aretotallyengaged（參與）inacademiclife.是定語從句，修飾先行詞those,空格處在句中作主語，代指人，故填who或that。10/184【10題詳解】考查形容詞。這里與前面的healthy并列，修飾后面的名詞collegeexperience,故此處也要用形容詞。故填meaningfulo第二節(jié)完形填空（共 20 小題；每小題 1.5 分，共 30 分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每

10、題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Regardlessoftheweatherorthedistance,PaulWilsonwillmakesurelow-incomestudentsinhisneighbourhoodarriveattheircollegeclassesontime.Aretiredengineer,76-year-oldWilsonhasbeen11freeridestocollegestudentsforthepasteightyears.Sincehefirststarted12hiscartotheyoungpeople.Wi

11、lsonhas13anastonishing64,000miles,andhashadcountlesspleasantandoftenhumorous14withthestudentshetransportstoandfromschool.Thestudentswhohes15havegoneontobecomephysicians,teachersandengineers,butwhattheyoutoftheirtimeinschoolisfindingarolemodelandafriendinWilson.Somestudents16callhim“Grandpa”.TinaSter

12、n17ridesfromWilsonforallherfouryearsincollege,andthetripsmeantmuchmoretoherthanjustfree18.Ithotsjustaride;your微otjustsittingtherein19silenceorwithyourheadphoneson.Sternsaid.Heasksyouquestionsandactually20theanswers,sothenexttimeyouridewithhim,hell21thosethings.”Wilsonfirstworkedasadriverthroughastud

13、ent-supportprogrammeofthenon-profitorganisation.OnPointforCollege.Althoughthe22asksthemembersonlytodrivestudentstoandfromtheirclasses,Wilsonoftengoes23toensurethewelfareandsafetyofthestudents.Iftheyhaveproblemswithregistration,Wilsonisthereto24them.Iftheyrunoutofcertaindailynecessities,Wilsonwilldri

14、vetotheneareststoreandpurchasewhatsneeded.Ifastudentgetshungryonthelongdrivestoandfromschool,Wilsonnever25tobuythemameal.10/185FormanystudentsWilsonshelpriiotonlyappreciated,itsalsoentirely26forthemtobeabletocompletetheircollegeeducation.Somestudentsdonhaveareliablecar,whileothershaveto27vehicleswit

15、hparentswhoworksixdaysaweek.Forthem,ridingwithWilsonhas28themtocompletetheireducationbutaccordingtoWilson,hebenefitsjustasmuchfromthe29.IjustlovedIlovethesekids,Wilsonsaid.Itssucha(n)30tobeapartofthesekidsforafewliveshours,gettingtoknowthemandhearingtheirstories.11.A.linkingB.sendingC.offeringD.dist

16、ributing12.A.donatingB.lendingC.deliveringD.volunteering13.A.pavedB.coveredC.measuredD.wandered14.A.argumentsB.interviewsC.negotiationsD.conversations15.A.metB.drivenC.addressedD.greeted16.A.evenB.everC.onceD.already17.A.earnedB.receivedC.assessedD.demanded18.A.transportationB.styleC.timeD.communica

17、tion19.A.forcedB.awkwardC.ridiculousD.suspicious20.A.selectsB.recitesC.guessesD.remembers21.A.actonB.settleonC.checkonD.agreeon22.A.clubB.leagueC.collegeD.programme23.A.farB.aroundC.beyondD.forwards24.A.assistB.watchC.urgeD.warn25.A.expectsB.attemptsC.managesD.hesitates26.A.extraB.unusualC.necessary

18、D.adequate27.A.shareB.fuelC.repairD.exchange28.A.requiredB.allowedC.remindedD.convinced29.A.experienceB.arrangementC.appreciationD.employment30.A.effortB.ambitionC.privilegeD.convenience【答案】11.C12.D13.B14.D15.B16.A17.B18.A19.B20.D21.C22.D23.C24.A25.D26.C27.A28.B29.A30.C【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章敘述了76歲的PaulWilso

19、n八年來一直免費接送低收入的學生上學的感人事跡。【11題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.linking連接；B.sending寄送；C.offering提供；D.distributing分配。根據(jù)第一段可知，10/186PaulWilson確保低收入的學生按時到達學校。由此可以推知，該句應指：Wilson給那些學生提供免費的乘車服務。故C選項正確?！?2題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.donating捐獻，捐贈；B.lending借出；C.delivering發(fā)表，投遞；D.volunteering自愿。根據(jù)上文中的freerideM知，Wilson是主動自愿將自己的汽車提供給那些學生的。故D選項正確?！?

20、3題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.paved鋪設，安排；B.covered行走，覆蓋；C.measured測量，判斷；D.wandered徘徊，漫步。Wilson讓那些學生免費搭車，迄今他已經(jīng)行程64,000英里。表示行走一段路程”，應用cover。故B選項正確?！?4題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.arguments爭論；B.interviews接見，采訪；C.negotiations談判；D.conversations談話。Wilson在接送學生們上下學的過程中，和學生之間有愉快幽默的談話，交談”，故D選項正確?！?5題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.met遇見；B.driven駕車，開車；C.address

21、ed演說；演講；向說話；D.greeted問候，迎接。根據(jù)上文可知，Wilson每天接送那些學生，這些學生現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為了物理學家，教師，工程師等。該空應該對應上一句中的hetransportstoandfromschool,drive意為駕車送（人）。故B選項正確。16題詳解】考查副詞辨析。A.even甚至；B.ever永遠，曾經(jīng)；C.once一次，曾經(jīng)；D.already已經(jīng)。這些學生將Wilson當作他們的偶像和朋友，有的甚至稱他為爺爺”。該空表示遞進，故A選項正確?！?7題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.earned賺得；B.received接受；C.assessedW估；D.demanded要

22、求。 根據(jù)后面的介詞from可以推知，TinaStern從Wilson那兒收到免費的乘車機會。故B選項正確?！?8題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.transportation運輸，運送；B.style風格，類型；C.time時間，次數(shù)；D.communication交流。對TinaStern來說，這些行程不僅僅只是免費的運送而已。故A選項正確?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.forced強迫的；B.awkward尷尬的，笨拙的；C.ridiculous可笑的；D.suspicious可疑的，懷疑的。Tina說：那不僅僅是坐車而已。你并不只是坐在那兒，陷入令人尷尬的沉默中，也不是戴著耳麥坐在那兒?！?/p>

23、坐在車里，彼此不交談，只是沉默，這當然是令人尷尬的。故B選項正確。【20題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.selects選擇；B.recites背誦；C.guesses猜測；D.remembers記住，記得。每次坐車的時候，Wilson會問這些學生問題，然后記住答案。故D選項正確。【21題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。A.acton對起作用；B.settleon定居，決定；C.checkon檢查，核實；D.agreeon10/187對取得一致意見。在坐車的時候，Wilson會問這些學生問題，然后記住答案。下一次這些學生再坐車的時候，Wilson會檢查上次提到的這些東西。該句指的是在乘車期間，Wilson會利

24、用這個機會了解考查學生們的學習情況。故C選項正確?！?2題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.club俱樂部；B.league聯(lián)盟，社團；C.college大學；D.programme項目，計劃。Wilson最初通過一個非盈利組織OnPointforCollege的一個項目作了一名司機。該項目只要求它的成員們接送孩子們上下學。根據(jù)上句中的stude-stupportprogramme可知，D選項正確?！?3題詳解】考查副詞辨析。A.far遠地；B.around到處；C.beyond更遠處，超過；D.forwards向前。結(jié)合下文中提到的Itheyhaveproblemswithregistration,W

25、ilsonistheretothem.Iftheyrunoutof-Ifastudentgetshungry可知，Wilson的所作所為超過了該項目的要求。故C選項正確。【24題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.assist幫助；B.watch觀看；C.urge強烈要求；D.warn警告。如果孩子們在登記方面有問題，Wilson會去幫助他們（解決相關的問題）。故A選項正確?！?5題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.expects期望；B.attempts試圖；C.manages經(jīng)營，設法；D.hesitates猶豫。從上文舉的例子可知，該部分都表達的是Wilson對孩子們的幫助。因此該處應指：當孩子們在上下學的途

26、中餓了的時候，Wilson都會馬上給他們?nèi)ベI吃的，從未猶豫過。故D選項正確?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.extra額外的；B.unusual不尋常的；C.necessary必需的；D.adequate充足的，適當?shù)摹８鶕?jù)下文中Somestudentsdonthaveareliablecar,whileothers-Forthem,ridingwithWilscompletetheireducation可以推知，對于那些乘車有困難的學生來說，乘坐Wilson的車對于他們完成大學教育來說是必需的。故C選項正確。【27題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.share分享；B.fuel加燃料；C.repai

27、r修理；D.exchange交換。有的學生沒法得到可靠的汽車，有的學生必須和他們一周工作六天的家長共用車輛。表示共用”，需用shares故A選項正確?！?8題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.required需要；B.allowed允許；C.reminded提醒，使想起；D.convinced說服，使信服。乘坐Wilson的汽車使得他們可以完成大學教育。表示允許某人做某事，使某人能夠做某事”應該用allowsb.todosth.。故B選項正確?！?9題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.experience經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)驗；B.arrangement安排；C.appreciation欣賞，感激；D.employment雇

28、用，使用。Wilson認為自己從接送學生們上學的經(jīng)歷”中受益頗多。A選項正確?！?0題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.effort努力；B.ambition雄心，志向；C.privilege榮幸，特權，優(yōu)待；D.convenience方10/188便，便利。Wilson認為自己從接送學生們上學的經(jīng)歷”中受益頗多。在這個過程中，他認識了這些學生，聽到他們的故事，他認為這是自己的榮幸，故C選項正確。第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40 分）第一節(jié)（共 15 小題；每小題 2 分，共 30 分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AWanttoexplore

29、newcultures,meetnewpeopleanddosomethingworthwhileatthesametime?YoucandoallthethreewithGlobalDevelopmentAssociation（GDA）.Whateverstageoflifeyour制,whereveryougoandwhateverprojectyoudoinGDA,youllcreatepositivechangesinapnoteaadmenunity（社區(qū)）.Weworkwithvolunteersofallagesandbackgrounds.Mostofourvolunteers

30、areaged17-24.Nowweneedvolunteermanagersaged25-75.Theyareextremelyimportantinthesafeandeffectiverunningofourprogrammes.Wehavesuchrolesasprojectmanagers,mountainleaders,andcommunicationofficers.Dependingonwhichroleyouchoose,youcouldhelptoincreaseacommunitysaccesstosafedrinkorhelptoprotectvaluablelocal

31、cultures.Youmightalsodesignanadventurechallengetotrainyoungvolunteers.Notonlywillyouhelpouryoungvolunteerstodeveloppersonally,youllalsolearnnewskillsandiyourculturalawareness.Youmayhavechancestomeetnewpeoplewhollbecomeyourlifelongfriends.Thissummerwehaveboth4-weekand7-weekprogrammes:CountrySchedule4

32、-weekprogrammes7-weekprogrammesAlgeria5Jul.1Aug.20Jun.-7Aug.Egypt24Jul.-20Aug.19Jun.-6Aug.Kenya20Jul.-16Aug.18Jun.-5Aug.SouthAfrica2Aug.-29Aug.15Jun.-2Aug.GDAensuresthatvolunteersworkwithcommunitymembersandlocalprojectpartnerswhereourhelpisneeded.Allourprojectsaimtopromotethedevelopmentofpoorandremo

33、tecommunities.ThereisnootherchancelikeaGDAprogramme.Joinusasavolunteermanagertodevelopyourownskillswhilebringingbenefitstothecommunities.FindoutmoreaboutjoiningaGDAprogramme:10/189Website:Email:31.Whatisthemainresponsibilityofvolunteermanagers?A.Toseeklocalpar

34、tners.B.Totakeinyoungvolunteers.C.Tocarryoutprogrammes.D.Tofosterculturalawareness.32.TheprogrammebeginninginAugustwilloperatein.A.EgyptB.AlgeriaC.KenyaD.SouthAfrica33.ThesharedgoalofGDAsprojectsto.A.explorenewculturesB.protecttheenvironmentC.gaincorporatebenefitD.helpcommunitiesinneed【答案】31.C32.D33

35、.D【解析】本文是一則廣告。GlobalDevelopmentAssociation(GDA)致力于積極的改變貧窮和偏遠的社區(qū)，在這里能探索新的文化，結(jié)識新朋友，同時做一些有價值的事。文章為GDA招募志愿者并介紹了今年夏天的具體項目。【31題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。題干問管理人員的主要職責是什么。根據(jù)第三段中Dependingonwhichroleyouchoose,youcouldhelptoincrease.,orhelptoproject.Youmightalsodesign.可知，根據(jù)崗位不同，管理人員可以幫助增加小區(qū)的飲用水，可以規(guī)劃地方文化，可以設計挑戰(zhàn)項目培訓年輕的志愿者，從這些內(nèi)容上

36、可以判斷出其主要職責是執(zhí)行項目計劃。故選Co【32題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。題干問八月份開始的這個項目將在哪里開展。根據(jù)這個表格中4-weekprogrammes中的最后一個SouthAfrica2Aug29Aug，可知八月在南非開始，答案選D?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。題干問GDA的所有項目的共同目的是什么。根據(jù)第一段youllcreatepositivechangesinapoorandremotecommunity.和倒數(shù)第二段中Allourprojectsaimtopromotethedevelopmentofpoorandremotecommunities可知，其目標就是促進偏遠貧窮區(qū)域的

37、發(fā)展，即幫助有需要的社區(qū)。故選D。BAliceMooreisateenagerentrepreneur(創(chuàng)業(yè)者),whoinMay2015setupherbusinessAilieCandy.Bythetimeshewas13,hercompanywasworthmillionsofdollarswiththeinventionofasuper-sweettreatthatcouldsavekidsteeth,insteadofdestroyingthem.ItallbeganwhenMoorevisitedabankwithherdad.Ontheouting,shewasofferedac

38、andybar.However,herdadremindedherthatsugarytreatswerebadforherteeth.ButMoorewassickofmissingoutoncandies.Soshedesiredtogetroundthewarning,WhycantImakeahealthycandythatsgoodformyteethsothatcanstaynotoit?Withthatinmind,Mooreaskedherdadifshecouldstartherowncandycompany.Herecommendedthatshedosomeresearc

39、handtalkto10/1810dentistsaboutwhatahealthiercandywouldcontain.10/1811Withherdadspermission,shespentthenexttwoyearsresearchingonlineandconductingtrialstogetarecipethatwasbothtastyandtooth-friendly.Shealsoapproacheddentiststolearnmoreaboutteethcleaning.Consequently,shesucceededinmakingakindofcandyonly

40、usingnaturalsweeteners,whichcanreduceoralbacteria.Moorethenusedhersavingstogetherbusinessofftheground.Afterwards,sheandherfathersecuredtheirfirstbusinessmeetingwithasupermarketowner,whofinallyagreedtosellMooreCanCandy.sproductAsCanCandysuccessgrows,sodoesMooresredibilityasayoungentrepreneur.Mooreise

41、nthusiasticaboutthecandyshecreated,andshesalsopositiveaboutwhatthefuturemightbring.Shehopesthateverykidcanhaveacleanmouthandabroadsmile.Meanwhile,withherparentshelp,Mooreisgenerallyabletoliveanormalteenagelife.Althoughshefoundedhercompanyearlyoninlife,shewasntdrivenprimarilybyprofit.Moorewantstouseh

42、eruniquetalenttohelpothersfindtheirsmiles.Shedonates10%ofAilicCandyprofitstoBigSmiles.Withhertalentanddetermination,itappearsthattheskycouldbethelimitforAliceMoore.36.WhatdoesMooreexpectfromherbusiness?A.Toearnmoremoney.B.Tohelpothersfindsmiles.C.Tomakeherselfstandout.D.Tobeatothercandycompanies.37.

43、WhatcanwelearnfromAliceMooresstory?A.Fameisagreatthirstoftheyoung.B.Ayouthistoberegardedwithrespect.C.Positivethinkingandactionresultinsuccess.D. Successmeansgettingpersonaldesiressatisfied【答案】34.B35.A36.B37.C【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了AliceMoore,一個年輕有為的創(chuàng)業(yè)者的故事，故事告訴我們：積極的思考和行動會帶來成功?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的ButMoor

44、ewassickofmissingoutoncandies.Soshedesiredtogetroundthewarning,WhycantImakeahealthycandythatsgoodformyteethsothatmyparentscan下文t34. HowdidMoorereacttoherdadA. Shearguedwithhim.C.Shepaidnoattention.35. WhatisspecialaboutCanCandy?A. Itisbeneficialtodentalhealth.C.Itissweeterthanothercandies.swarning?B

45、. Shetriedtofindawayout.D.Shechosetoconsultdentists.B. Itisfreeofsweeteners.D.Itisproducedtoadentistsrecipe.10/1812她想方設法最終制作出了叫CanCandy的糖果可知，她對父親的警告的反應是：她試圖找到一條出路，解決問題。故選Bo【35題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的Consequently,shesucceededinmakingakindofcandyonlyusingnaturalsweeteners,whichcanreduceoralbacteria.可知，這種糖只使用天

46、然甜味劑，可以減少口腔細菌，因此它對牙齒有利。故選A?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的Moorewantstouseheruniquetalenttohelpothersfindtheirsmiles.可知，Moore想用她獨特的才能幫助其他人找到自己的笑容。故選B?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。文章主要講述了Moor的創(chuàng)業(yè)故事，她之所以能成功，源于面對問題和困難時，她樂觀地看待問題，積極地想方設法去解決問題。因此，通過她的故事讓我們懂得積極的思考和行動會帶來成功。故選CoCTheproblemofrobocallshasgottensobadthatmanypeoplenowrefuse

47、topickupcallsfromnumberstheydontknow.Bynextyear,halfofthecallswereceivewillbescams（欺詐）.Wearefinallywakinguptotheseverityoftheproblembysupportinganddevelopingagroupoftools,appsandapproachesintendedtopreventscammersfromgettingthrough.Unfortunately,itstoolittle,toolate.Bythetimethese決方案）becomewidelyolu

48、tionsavailable,scammerswillhavemovedontocleverermeans.Inthenearfuture,itsnotjustgoingtobethenuiyouseeonyourscreenthatwillbeindoubt.Soonyouwillalsoquestionwhetherthevoiceyourhearingisactuallyreal.Thatsbecausethereareanumberofpowefuoicemanipulation（處理）andautomationtechnologiesthatareabouttobecomewidel

49、yavailableforanyonetouse.AtthisyearsI/OConference,acompanyshowedatechnologyabletoproducesuchaconvincinghuman-soundingvoicethatitwasabletospeaktoareceptionistandbookareservationwithoutdetection.Thesedevelopmentsarelikelytomakeourcurrentproblemswithrobocallsmuchworse.Thereasonthatrobocallsareaheadache

50、haslesstodowithamountthanprecision.Adecadeofdatabreaches儆據(jù)侵入）ofpersonalinformationhasledtoasituationwherescammerscaneasilylearnyourmothersname,andfamore.Armedwiththisknowledge,theyreabletocarryoutindividuallytargetedcampaignstocheatpeople.Thismeans,forexample,thatascammercouldcallyoufromwhatlookstob

51、eafamiliarnumberandtalktoyouusingavoicethatsoundsexactlylikeyourbanktellers,trickingyouintoconfirmingyouraddress,mothernumber.Scammersfollowmoney,socompanieswillbetheworsthit.Alotofbusinessisstilldoneoverthephone,andmuchofitisbasedontrustandexistingrelationships.Voicemanipulationtechnologiesmayweake

52、nthatgradually.Weneedtodealwiththeinsecurenatureofourtelecomnetworks.Phonecarriersandconsumersneedtoworktogethertofindwaysofdeterminingandcommunicatingwhatisreal.Thatmightmeaneitherdevelopingauniformwaytomarkvideosandimages,showingwhenandwhotheyweremadeby,orabandoningphonecallsaltogetherandmovingtow

53、ardsdata-basedcommunicationsusingappslikeFaceTimeorWhatsApp,whichcanbetiedtoyouridentity.10/1813Credibilityishardtoearnbuteasytolose,andtheproblemisonlygoingtogetharderfromhereonout.38.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthesolutionstoproblemofrobocalls?A.Panicked.B.Confused.C.Embarrassed.D.Disappointed.39.Tak

54、ingadvantageofthenewtechnologies,scammercan.A.aimatvictimspreciselyB.damagedatabaseseasilyC.startcampaignsrapidlyD.spreadinformationwidely40.Whatdoesthepassageimply?A.Honestyisthebestpolicy.B.Technologiescanbedouble-edged.C.Therearemoresolutionsthanproblems.D. Credibilityholdsthekeytodevelopment.41.

55、Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WheretheProblemofRobocallsIsRootedB.WhoIstoBlamefortheProblemofRobocallsC.WhyRobocallsAreAbouttoGetMoreDangerousD. HowRobocallsAreAffectingtheWorldofTechnology【答案】38.D39.A40.B41.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章指出語音操作與自動化技術的出現(xiàn)使得機器人電話可以以假亂真，欺詐現(xiàn)象更加嚴重，解決這個問題需要電話運營商和消

56、費者共同努力。【38題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第段中的Wearefinallywakinguptotheseverityoftheproblembysupportinganddevelopingagroupoftools,appsandapproachesintendedtopreventscammersfromgettingthrough.Unfortunately,itstoolittle,toolate.Bythetimethese解決方案）becomodutidelyavailable,scammerswillhavemovedontocleverermeans.可知，我們認識到了問題的

57、嚴重性，支持和開發(fā)了旨在防止欺詐者通過的工具、應用程序和方法，。不幸的是，我們的努力太少了，也太晚了。在這些解決方案”被廣泛使用的時候，騙子將轉(zhuǎn)移到更巧妙的手段上。由此推知，作者認為這些解決辦法”對于解決問題起不了什么作用，因此作者感到很失望”。故D選項正確。【39題詳解】田節(jié)理食軍題。根據(jù)第三段中的Thereasonthatrobocallsareaheadachehaslesstodowithamountthanprecision.Adecadeofdatabreaches敏據(jù)侵入）ofpersonalinformationhasledtoasituationwherescammersca

58、neasilylearnyourmothersname,andfarmore.Armedwiththisknowledge,theyreabletocarryoutindividualcampaignstocheatpeople.Thismeans,forexample,thatascammercouldcallyoufromwhatlookstobeafamiliarnumberandtalktoyouusingavoicethatsoundsexactlylikeyourbanktellertrisKingyouinto10/1814aconfirmingyouraddress,mothe

59、rsname,andcMdnumber!話之所以令人頭痛，與其說與數(shù)量有關，不如說與精確度有關。長達十年的個人信息泄露已經(jīng)導致了這樣一種情況：騙子可以輕易地知道你母親的名字，甚至更多。有了這些知識，他們就能夠開展有針對性的活動來欺騙人們。根據(jù)這些可知，利用這種新的技術，欺詐者們可以精確的確定他們行騙的目標。故A選項正確?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句AtthisyearsI/OConference,acompanyshowedanewvoicetechnologyabletoproducesuchaconvincinghuman-soundingvoicethatitwasabl

60、etospeaktoareceptionistandbookareservationwithoutdetection.可知，這項語音技術可以產(chǎn)生一個聽起來和人類非常相似的聲音，它可以和接待員進行交談，進行預訂。由此可知，這項新技術有其好的方面。根據(jù)第三段的敘述可知，欺詐者們可以利用這項新技術來進行欺詐行為。由此推知，這項新技術既可以發(fā)揮好的作用，也可能為壞人所利用，產(chǎn)生不好的影響，因此可以說它是一把雙刃劍。故B選項正確。【41題詳解】主旨大意題。第一段提到：robocalls（機器人電話：自動撥號播放錄音信息的推銷電話）在未來變得會越來越嚴重，不僅僅是出現(xiàn)在你的手機屏幕上的電話號碼令人懷疑，而