高考英語語法必考點(diǎn)與?？键c(diǎn)歸納

1、WORD式-專業(yè)學(xué)習(xí)資料-可編輯2016高考英語語法必考點(diǎn)與常考點(diǎn)歸納、冠詞冠詞分為不定冠詞（a, an ）,定冠詞（the ）,和零冠詞。I.不定冠詞的用法1指,類人或事，相當(dāng)于 a kind ofA plane is a machine that can fly.2A次提及某人某物，非特指A boy is waiting for you.有個(gè)男孩在等你。3表tk 隼- 相當(dāng)于every , oneWe study eight hours a day.4表刁： 相同 相當(dāng)于the sameWe are nearly of an age.5附于人名前，表示不認(rèn)識(shí)此人或與某名人有類似性質(zhì)的人或事

2、Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith? Sorry, wrong number. There isn'tMr.Smith here.A.不填B. aC. theD.oneThat boy is rather a Lei Feng.（活雷鋒）6用于固定詞組中a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time7用丁 quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后This room is rather a big one.8用丁 so

3、（as, too, how）+ 形谷詞之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.9用于抽象名詞具體化的名詞前success（抽象名詞）a success（ 具體化）成功的人或事a failure失敗的人或事a shame帶來恥辱的人或事a pity可惜或遺憾的事a must必需必備的事a good knowledge of精通掌握某一方面的知識(shí)II.定冠詞的用法1表示某一類人或物In many places in China,bicycle is stillpopular means of transportation.A. a; th

4、eB. /; aC. the; aD. the;the2用于世上獨(dú)f二的事物名詞前the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean3表示說話雙方都了解的或上文提到過的人或事Would you mind opening the door?4用于演奏樂器play the violin, play the guitar5用于形容詞和分詞前表示一類人the reach, the living, the wounded6表示“一家人”或“夫姆對(duì)比上文的不定冠詞用法5）-Could you tell me the way toJohnsons,please? Sorry,

5、 we don ' t haveJohnson here inthe village.A. the; theB. the; aC. /; theD. the; /7用于序數(shù)詞和形容詞副詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí)刖He is the taller of the two children.8用于國(guó)家黨派等以及江河湖海，山川群島的名詞前the United States, the Communist Party ofChina, the French9用于表示發(fā)明物的單數(shù)名詞前The compass was invented in China.10在逢十的復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞之前，指世紀(jì)的某個(gè)年代in the 19

6、90 （二十世紀(jì)九十年代 ）11用于表示度量單位的名詞前I hired the car by the hour.12附十方位名詞，身體部位名詞He patted me on the shoulder.III.不用冠詞（又名零冠詞）的用法1專用名詞，物質(zhì)名詞，抽象名詞，人名地名等名詞前Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air2名詞前后 this, my, whose, some, no, each, every 等限制I want this book, not that one. /Whose purse isthis?3季節(jié)，月份，星期，節(jié)假日，一日

7、三餐刖March, Sunday, National Day, spring4表示職位，身份，頭銜的名詞前Lincoln was made President of America.5表示球類，棋類等運(yùn)動(dòng)的名詞前He likes playing football/chess.6與by連用表示交通方式的名詞前We went right round to the west coast bysea instead of driving acrosscontinent.A. the; theB.不填；the C. the;不填 D.不填；不填7以and連接的兩個(gè)相對(duì)的名詞并用時(shí)husband and

8、wife, knife and fork, day and night8表示泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前Horses are useful animals.二、名詞和主謂一致I.名詞的種類專用名詞普通名詞國(guó)名地名人名，團(tuán)體可數(shù)名詞/、可數(shù)名詞機(jī)構(gòu)名稱個(gè)體名詞集體名詞抽象名詞物質(zhì)名詞特別注意：名詞類別的相互轉(zhuǎn)換個(gè)體名詞與抽象名詞的相互轉(zhuǎn)換例 句意義名詞性質(zhì)She held some flowers in her hand. The trees are now in flower花兒個(gè)體名詞開花抽象名詞Youth is beautiful. He is a youth of twenty同樣抽象名詞年輕人個(gè)體

9、名詞 They have achieved remarkable success in their work.一How about the Christmas evening party?成功抽象名詞成功的事個(gè)體名詞-I should say it was a success.物質(zhì)名詞與個(gè)體名詞的相互轉(zhuǎn)換例 句意義名詞性質(zhì)Iron is a kind of metal. Please lend me your iron.鐵物質(zhì)名詞熨斗個(gè)體名詞 He broke a piece of glass. He broke a glass.玻璃物質(zhì)名詞玻璃杯個(gè)體名詞 I bought a chicken

10、 this morning Please help yourself to somechicken小雞個(gè)體名詞雞肉物質(zhì)名詞抽象名詞與個(gè)體名詞的轉(zhuǎn)換具有動(dòng)作意義的抽象名詞加用與某些動(dòng)詞（如:have等）連用，表示某一次短暫的動(dòng)作一I ' dikeinformation about the management of yourhotel,please. Well, you could haveword with the manager. He might behelpfulA.some,aB.an,someC.some,someD.an,a They sent us word of the

11、 latest happenings.消息 （抽象名詞）A.aB.anC./_D.the Could we have word before you go to the meeting?宜（個(gè)體名詞）A.aB.anC./D.the類例：have a dream/a rest/a smoke/a swim/a trip/a wash/a discussion/a looktake a walk/a bath make an advance（進(jìn)步）/make an early start（早點(diǎn)出發(fā)）/make a decision/make a change/give a cry of pain（

12、發(fā)出痛占的叫嚴(yán)）/give a try表示知識(shí)和時(shí)間的抽象名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為普通名詞時(shí)可以用來表示其中的一部分 Many people agree thatknowledge of English is a mustininternational trade today.A.a, /B.the, anC.the, theD. /,thea knowledge of truth（ 知道實(shí)際情況）give a fuller knowledge of China（提供關(guān)于中國(guó)更為翔實(shí)的知識(shí)）have a knowledge of shorthand（有速記白知識(shí) ） If there were no exa

13、mination, we should haveat school.A.the happiest timeB.a more happier timeC.much happiest timeD.a much happier time is money.A.The timeB.A timeC.TimeD.Times抽象名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為普通名詞可用來表7K “一次、一陣、一種”具體的行為、事件、現(xiàn)象或結(jié)果。這時(shí)名詞前 Oh, John.you gave me!A.How a pleasant surpriseB.How pleasant surpriseC.What a pleasant surprise

14、D. What pleasant surprise She looked up when I shouted.A.in a surpriseB.in the surprise C.in surpriseD.in some往往有形容詞修飾surprise其它例子： The gift came as a complete surprise to me. We have had some unpleasant surprise It iswork of art that everyone wants to have a look at it.A.so unusualB. such unusualC.

15、such an unusualD.so an unusualII .名詞的數(shù)規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式：名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，一般在單數(shù)形式后面加-s或-es （參看有關(guān)語法書）英語里有些名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式是不規(guī)則的，請(qǐng)看下表III .主謂一致規(guī)貝U例 詞1改變名詞中的元音字母或其他形式man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,goose-geese, mouse-mice2單復(fù)數(shù)相同sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species3只有復(fù)數(shù)形式ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses,co

16、mpasses, contents4一些集體名詞總是用作復(fù)數(shù)people, police, cattle, staff5部分集體名詞既可以作單數(shù)（整體）也可以作復(fù)數(shù)（成員）audience, class, family, crowd, couple, group,committee, government, population, crew, team,public, enemy, party6復(fù)數(shù)形式表示特別含義customs（ 海 關(guān)），forces（軍 隊(duì)），times（時(shí)代）,spirits（情緒）,drinks（飲料）,sands（沙灘）, papers（文件報(bào)紙）,manners（

17、禮貌），100ks（外表），brains（頭腦智力）,greens（青菜）,ruins（廢墟）7表示某國(guó)人”加-sAmericans, Australians, Germans, Greeks,Swedes, Europeans單復(fù)數(shù)同形Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese以-man 或-woman 結(jié)尾的改為-men,-womenEnglishmen, Frenchwomen8合成名詞將主體名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)sons-in-law,lookers-on,passers-by,story-tellers, boy friends無主體名詞時(shí)將取后一部分變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)gr

18、own-ups, housewives, stopwatches將兩部分變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)women singers, men servants規(guī)則情況舉例語法以單數(shù)名詞或代詞動(dòng)詞不定式短語，動(dòng)名詞短語或從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式；主語為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。His father is working on the farm.To study English well is not easy.Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.What he said is very important for us all.由what引導(dǎo)的主語從句，后面的謂

19、語動(dòng)詞一致原則多數(shù)情況用單數(shù)形式，但若表語是復(fù)數(shù)或what從句是一個(gè)帶有復(fù)數(shù)意義的并列結(jié)構(gòu) 時(shí)，主句的謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。what I bought were three English books.What I say and do is (are) helpful for you.由連接詞and或bothand連接起來的主 語后面，要用復(fù)數(shù)形式的謂語動(dòng)詞。但若 所連接的兩個(gè)詞是指同一個(gè)人或物時(shí)，它后面的謂語就用單數(shù)形式。由 and 連接的并列單數(shù)主語前如果分別有no,each, every 或 more than a (an)/one,many a (an)修飾時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。

20、 either, neither, each, every 或 no+單數(shù)名詞和由some, anyno, every構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞，都作單 數(shù)看彳f。.Lucy and Lily are twinsThe writer and artist has come.Every student and every teach is in the classroom.Many a boy and many a girl likes it.No boy and no girl likes it.Each of us has a new book.Is everyone here today?Some

21、bodyis speakingin class.Everything around us is matter若none of后面的名詞是/、可數(shù)名詞，它的 謂語動(dòng)詞就要用單數(shù)。若它后面的名詞是復(fù) 數(shù)，它的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)都可以。None of the sugar was left.None of us has (have) been to America.在定語從句里，關(guān)系代詞that, who, which等作主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與句中先行詞的數(shù)一致。Those who want to go please write their names on the blackboard.He

22、is one of my friends who are working hard.He is the （only） one of my friends who is working hard.在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中應(yīng)與被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分一致It is I who am going to the cinema tonight.It is we who are going to the cinema tonight.如果集體名詞指的是整個(gè)集體，它的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；如果它指的集體的成員，其謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式The police are looking for the lost child.The cattle

23、are eating grass in the field.His family has moved to the south .（ 他的一家）His family are watching TV.（他的家人）Class four is on the third floor.（四班）Class Four are unable to agree upon amonitor.（四班的學(xué)生）由 a lot of /lots of/ plenty of/ a heap of/heaps of/ the rest of/the majority of+ 名詞構(gòu)成的短語以及由分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞構(gòu)成的短語作

24、主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)短語中后面名詞的數(shù)而定。There are a lot of people in the classroom. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth issea.50 percent of the students in our class are girls.此外，還后a number of + 里數(shù)名詞后類似的用法（用復(fù)數(shù)），但the number of + 復(fù)數(shù)名 詞的數(shù)就得依number而定（用單數(shù)）。A number of students have gone to the farm to help the f

25、armer pick apples.The number of pages in this book is threehundred.There comes the bus.在倒裝句中，語一致謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的主On the wall are many pictures.Such is the result.Such are the facts.Between the two hills stands a monument.邏Which is your bag?Which are your bags?輯What, who, which, any, more, all 等代詞r r、r e

26、，乙、底» r . r r-r z廣、吐，.、.n-r ，、, r-r-tAre any of you good at English?Has any of you got a pen?意RJ以足畢緞,來決定。也口是鴕緞，土要方意思All can be done has been done.All is going well.義All have been taken out.All have gone to Beijing.一表示時(shí)間重量長(zhǎng)度價(jià)值等的名詞的復(fù)數(shù)Thirty minutes is enough for the work.作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式，這Twenty

27、pounds is too dear.致原則是由于作主語的名詞在概念上是一個(gè)整體。如強(qiáng)調(diào)這類詞的復(fù)數(shù)意義，則謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式Forty kilos of water are used every day.若英語是書名名格言劇名報(bào)名國(guó)名等的復(fù)數(shù)形式，其謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式。The United States is smaller than China.The Arabian Nights " is an interesting story-book.表數(shù)量的短語“one and a half"后面接復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。One and a half

28、apples is left on the table.一些學(xué)科名詞是以-ics結(jié)尾，如：mathematics, politics, physics 以及news, works 等。都屬于形式上是復(fù)數(shù)的名詞，實(shí)際意義為單數(shù)名詞，它們作主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。The paper works was built in 1990.這家造紙廠建于1990年。I don t think physics is easy to study.trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes, scissors （男力）等詞作主語時(shí)，謂語用復(fù) 數(shù)，但如果這些名詞前用a（the） pa

29、ir of 等量詞修飾時(shí)（clothes被a suit of 修飾） 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。My glasses are broken.The pair of shoes under the bed is his.“定冠詞the+形容詞或分詞”，表示某一類人動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；若表示某一類東西時(shí)，動(dòng)The old are taken good care of there.The beautiful gives pleasure to all.詞用單數(shù)。就 近/遠(yuǎn)一致 原 則當(dāng)兩個(gè)主語由 either or, neither nor, notonly but also ,whether or連接時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞和

30、鄰近的主語保持一致，即就致。Either the teacher or the students are our friends.Neither he nor they are wholly right.Neither they nor he is wholly right.Is neither he nor they wholly right?there be句型中be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于其后的主語。如果其后是由and 連接的兩個(gè)主語，則應(yīng)與靠近的那個(gè)主語保持f,即就There are two chairs and a desk in the room.There is a desk and

31、two chairs in the room.主語后面跟有 with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, no less than, rather than, more than, besides, along with, including, in addition to等弓 1起的短語，謂語動(dòng)詞要跟主語一致，即就日致。Mr. Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China.A woman with a baby was on the bus.Nobody b

32、ut Jim and Mike was on the playground.She, like you and Tom, is very tall.The girls as well as the boy have learned to speak Japanese.No one except my teachers knows anything about it.學(xué)習(xí)資料分享三、代詞I.代詞可以分為以下八大類1人稱代詞主格I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they賓格me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them形容詞性物主代詞my, yo

33、ur, his, her, its, our, their名詞性物主代詞mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs2反身代詞myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves,yourselves, themselves3指示代詞this, that, these, those, such, some4疑問代詞who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever5關(guān)系代詞/連接代詞that, which, who, whom, who

34、se, as6不定代詞one/ some/ any, each/ every, none/ no, many/ much, few/little/ a few/ a littleother/ another, all/ both, neither/ either7相互代詞each other,one anotherII.不定代詞用法注意點(diǎn)類另iJ區(qū)另1J例句one, some , any 和 itone可以泛指人或者事（東西），其復(fù)數(shù)為ones We ve been looking at the houses but haven foundwe like yet.A.oneB.onesC.it

35、D.them Cars do cause us some health problems- infact far more serious than mobilephones do. A.oneB.onesC.itD.thosesome可用于疑問句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答復(fù)，或者表示建議，請(qǐng)求等 Your coffee smells great!It ' sromMexico . Would you like?A.itB.someC.thisD.1ittle，tsome 和any修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時(shí)，some表小某個(gè)，any表小任何一個(gè) I have read this article

36、in some magazine.Please correct the mistakes, if any.一Which of the three ways shall I take to the village?way as you please.A.EachB.EveryC.AnyD.Eitherone指同類中的一個(gè)，it指代同一種類的東西。比 外it還可以作形式主語、 形式賓語和用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型 史。 There is still a copy of the book in the library.Will you go and borrow ? No, I ' d rather bu

37、yin the bookstore.A.it;oneB.one;oneC.one;itD.it;itsome 多用于肯止句， any多用于疑問句和否定句 There' scooking oil in the house.Would you go to the corner store and get .A.1ittle,someB.1ittle,anyC.alittle,someD.a little,any We had three sets of garden tools and we seemed to have no use for.A.noneB.eitherC.anyD.ea

38、ch He doesn' t have furniture in hisroom -just an old desk.A. anyB. manyC. someD. mucheach 和everyeach強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)別，代表的數(shù)可以是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上，而every強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，所指的數(shù)必須是三個(gè)或二個(gè)以上 Each student has a pocket dictionary.Each (of us) has a dictionary. = We each havea dictionary. Every student has strong and weak points. /Every one

39、of us has strong and weak points.none 和 nono 等丁 not any ,作te語。none作主語或兵語，代替/、可數(shù)名詞，謂語用單數(shù)，代替可數(shù)名詞，謂語單復(fù)數(shù)皆可以 There is no water in the bottle. How much water is there in the bottle? None. None of the students are (is) afraid of difficulties.other 和anotherother泛指“另外的，別的” 常與其他詞連用,如:the other day, every othe

40、rweek,someotherreason,no otherway,the other特指兩者中的另 Both sides have accused ofbreaking the contract.A. anotherB. the otherC. neitherD.eachTwo students in our class failed, but all the others passed the exam.外一個(gè)，復(fù)數(shù)為the othersanother指又一個(gè)，另一個(gè)”無所指，復(fù)數(shù)形式是others ,泛指“別的人或事” We had a picnic last term and it w

41、as a lot of fun , so let ' s haveone this month.A . the otherB . someC . anotherD. otherThe trousers are too long, please give me another pair / some others. Some like football, while others like basketball.either 和neither前者意思為：兩者都（兩者中任何一方都）；后者意思為：兩者都一Do you want tea or coffee? 一 ,Ireally don

42、9;t mind.A. noneB. neitherC. eitherD.all It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which of the parents spoke thelanguage.A. noneB. neither C. bothD.each四、形容詞和副詞I.形容詞1.形容詞的位置：形容詞作定語通常前置，但在下列情況下后置1修飾 some, any, every, no 和 body, thing, one等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)nobody absent, everything possible2以-abl

43、e, -ible結(jié)尾的形谷詞可置于有最局級(jí)或only修飾的名詞之后the best book available, the only solutionpossible3alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep 等作定語時(shí)the only person awake4和空間、時(shí)間、單位連用時(shí)a bridge 50 meters long5成對(duì)的形容，可可以后置a huge room simple and beautiful6形容詞短語一般后置a man difficult to get on with7enough修飾名詞時(shí)可以前置也可以后置，但修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)要后置

44、to take his adventure course willcertainlylearn a lot of usefulskills.(NMET2000)A.Brave enough studentsB.Enough breave studentsC.Students brave enoughD.Students enough brave注意：多個(gè)形容詞修飾同一個(gè)名詞的順序熟記口訣就可以順利解題：限定描繪大長(zhǎng)高，形狀年齡和新老，顏色國(guó)籍跟材料，作用類別往后靠。規(guī)則：限定語（The、A） +描繪性形容詞 + size （小）+ shape （形狀）+ age （年齡、時(shí)間）+ color

45、（顏色）+ origin （國(guó)籍、來源）+ material （材料）+ purpose(目的)+名詞。 This girl is Linda ' s cous此(05 )A. pretty little Spanish B. Spanish little pretty C. Spanish pretty little D. littlepretty Spanish2 .復(fù)合形容詞的構(gòu)成1形容詞+名詞+edkind-hearted6名詞+形容詞world-famous2形容詞+形容詞dark-blue7名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞peace-loving3形容詞+現(xiàn)在分詞ordinary-looki

46、ng8名詞+過去分詞snow-covered4副詞+現(xiàn)在分詞hard-working9數(shù)詞+名詞+edthree-egged5副詞+過去分詞newly-built10數(shù)詞+名詞twenty-year3 .形容詞（短語）作伴隨狀語As he looked at the goat, it rolled over, dead .當(dāng)他看著山羊的時(shí)候，山羊翻了個(gè)身， 死了。Afraid of difficulties , they prefer to take the easy road.由于害怕困難，他們寧愿走好走的路。II.副詞的分類:1時(shí)間副詞soon, now, early, finally,o

47、nce, recently5頻度副詞always,often, frequently,seldom, never2地點(diǎn)副詞here, nearby, outside,upwards, above6疑問副詞how, where, when, why3方式hard, well, fast, slowly,7連接副詞how, when, where, why,副詞excitedly, reallywhether, however, meanwhile4程度副詞almost, nearly, very,fairly, quite, rather8關(guān)系副詞when, where, whyIII.形容詞和

48、副詞的比較等級(jí)形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)分為原級(jí)，比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成一般是在形容詞和副詞后加-er和-est,多音節(jié)和一些雙音節(jié)詞前加more和most。項(xiàng) 目例句同級(jí)比較時(shí)常常用as as以及notso（as）as She is as tall as her mother.I am not as/ so good a player as you are.雙方比較，表示一方超過另一方時(shí)，用 “比較級(jí)（+ than ）'，的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。要注意題干中將比較的另 一方陰藏起來的情況。This picture is more beautiful than that one.I ha

49、ve never seen such a more interesting film (than this one).表小一方小及另,方時(shí)，用less + 原級(jí)+ than的結(jié)構(gòu)表小This room is less beautiful than that one.表示一方隨另一方變化時(shí)用themorethe more”句型The harder you work, the more progress you will make用比較級(jí)來表達(dá)最局級(jí)的意思I have never spent a more worrying day.我從來沒有度過這樣令人煩惱的一天。（意為：我度過了最為令人煩惱的一

50、天。）倍數(shù)的表達(dá)表達(dá) 法一： A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B.The new building is four times the size(the height)of the old one.這座新樓是那座舊樓的四倍大(高)/這座新樓比那座舊樓大(高)三倍。表達(dá)法二：A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high,long, etc.)as B.Asia is four times as large as Europe.亞洲是歐洲的四倍大/亞洲比歐洲大三倍。表達(dá)法三：

51、A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B.Your school is three times bigger than ours.你們的學(xué)校比我們的學(xué)校大三倍。用times表倍數(shù)通常用于三倍以上，兩倍可以用 twice 或 double.注意：1.可以修飾比較級(jí)的詞有:much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far,any, a great deal ;2.表示“最高程度"的形容詞沒有最高級(jí)和比較級(jí)。如：favour

52、ite, excellent, extreme, perfect , superior,junior 等。五、動(dòng)詞和短語動(dòng)詞知識(shí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)動(dòng)詞的分類行為動(dòng)詞(實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)及物動(dòng)詞(帶兵語)：study, develop;不及物動(dòng)詞(/、帶賓語)work, swim, go, come狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞 (相對(duì)靜止)contain, exist, own, prefer, belong動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞： 延續(xù)性(work, stay );非延續(xù)性(marry, go, come )連系動(dòng)詞(漢語中沒有這種詞類)助動(dòng)詞(與動(dòng)詞原形或分詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語)be(am,is,are),do(does,did);have(has);

53、will,would,shall情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can(could),may(might),must,shall(should)短語動(dòng)詞常見的構(gòu)成方式及其注息點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞+副詞所構(gòu)成的短語動(dòng)詞分及物的和不及物的兩類Please turn every light in the house off.請(qǐng)把 里的 盞燈都關(guān)掉。（及物）Harry turned up after the party when everyone had left.晚會(huì)后，人們都已離去，哈里出現(xiàn)了。（不及物）注息：如果賓語較長(zhǎng)，就應(yīng)避免把副詞向動(dòng)詞分開She turned off all the lights which had been left on.她關(guān)掉了所有還在鳧著的燈。如果賓語是人稱代詞，只能放在動(dòng)詞和副詞之間She gave them away. 她送掉了 它們。同一動(dòng)詞和不同副詞搭配時(shí)，意義上有很大的差異ring back 回電話ring off 掛斷電話ring up 打電話put away 放好put on 穿，上演put up 掛起，舉起。不向動(dòng)詞和同一副詞搭配時(shí)，在意義上有很大的差異break out發(fā)生，爆炸carry out 進(jìn)行