航空工程英語基礎(chǔ)

1、ESSENTIAL(基礎(chǔ))ENGLISHOFAERONAUTICALENGINEERING航空工程英語基礎(chǔ)LESSON1THEB737FUSELAGE機體、生詞飛機Airplane半硬冗式Semi-monocoque機身Fuselage起落架Landinggear動力裝置Powerplant支柱Strut分為Divideinto包括Contain天線Antenna玻璃纖維Fiberglass蜂窩狀物Honeycomb整流罩Fairing較鏈Hinge壓力密封隔板Bulkhead駕駛艙flightcompartment進口Entry機上廚房Galley登機梯Airstair電子設(shè)備艙Electr

2、onicequipmentbay檢修口Accessdoor旅客艙Passengercabin貨艙Cargo逃逸Escape艙口Hatch空間Space燃油箱Fueltank終止Terminate輔助動力裝置Auxiliarypowerunit水平安定向Horizontalstabilizer桁架Truss排出Exhaust設(shè)計Design和.一樣Thesameas伸長stretch延伸Extension脊鰭Dorsalfin增強Strengthen相對于relativeto滑軌Skid結(jié)構(gòu)structure修改revise、TEXTtheB737isalowwingairplane.B737h

3、assemi-monocoquefuselageandfullyretractablelandinggear.Twopowerplantsarelocatedunderthewingsonshortstruts.波音737是一種下單翼飛機。它擁有半硬殼式機身和全收式起落架。兩臺發(fā)動機位于機翼下方短支架上。(2) The 737-300 fuselage is divided into foursections: section 41 , section 43 , section 46 andsection48.波音737機體為為四部分：41、43、46和48.(3) Section41cont

4、ainstheradarantennabehindafiberglasshoneycombfairing,hingedatthe,are the flight compartment and forwardtop.aftofthepressurebulkhead,abovethefloorairstairanditsdoor,andtheelectronicequipmentbay.thissectionhastwoloweraccessdoors.41部分包括較接在蜂窩狀玻璃纖維雷達罩后面頂部的雷達天線、壓力隔板后方及地板上方區(qū)域是駕駛艙和前登機梯及其門，還有電子設(shè)備艙。這部分有兩個下檢修口

5、。(4) Section43containsthepassengercabinandtheforwardcargocompartment.43部分包括客艙和前貨艙。(5) Section46containthecenterandaftportionofthepassengercabin,twooverwingescapehatchesandaftentryandservicedoors.Thespacebelowthefloorincludesthewingcentersection(fueltank),air-conditioningbays,wheelwell,hydraulicbayan

6、daftcargocompartment.thissectionterminatesattheaftpressurebulkhead.46部分包括客艙中后部，兩個逃生艙及入口和服務門。地板下的空間包括中央油箱、空調(diào)艙、輪艙、液壓艙和后貨艙。這部分終止于后壓力隔板。(6) Section48containstheauxiliarypowerunit(APU)andhorizontalstabilizertruss.Accesstothissectionisthroughadoorontheleftside.AftofwhichistheAPUaccessdoorandAPUexhaust.48部

7、分包括輔助動力裝置和水平安定面桁架。可以通過左側(cè)口蓋接近。在它們的后面是APU檢修口和APU排氣口。The737-300isthesamebasicdesignasthe737-200,withabodystretchof104inches,awingtipextensionof14inches,ahorizontaltailextensionof36inches,alargerdorsalfinandstrengthenedstabilizer.737-300與737-200具有相同的基本設(shè)計，機體伸長了104英寸，翼尖延伸了14英寸，水平尾翼延伸了36英寸，還多了個大的脊鰭和增強的水平尾翼

8、。(8) The737-400,relativetothe737-300,hasbodystretchof120inches,towadditionaloverwingexit,tailskid,andstrengthenedlandinggear.737-400與737-300相比較，機身伸長了120英寸，多了兩個逃生出口，尾部滑軌及加強了起落架。(9) The737-500usesthe737-300basicstructurewitha94inchesshorterbodyandarevisedforwardandaftfairing(wingtobody).737-500使用了737-

9、300的基本結(jié)構(gòu)，機身短了94英寸，并且修改了前后整流罩(機翼到機體）。LESSON2THEPNEUMATICSSYSYTEM增壓系統(tǒng)一、生詞目的Purpose壓縮空氣compressureAir壓縮空氣pneumatic環(huán)境Environment階段，相位Phase得到Obtain發(fā)動機引氣Enginebleed外部的External車Cart接頭Connector整流罩Cowl熱的Thermal防冰Anti-icing也，此外Also提供provide飲用水Potablewater液壓的Hydraulic啟動器Starter在一之內(nèi)Within正常的Normal取代Substitute滿足

10、Meet需要，要求Need上部、頂部Top圖形FigureIsolation活門Valve管道Duct結(jié)合、連接Join交叉、跨接crossover管理、調(diào)整govern適當?shù)腁ppropriate、TEXTthepurposeofthepneumaticsystemistosupplycompressedairforacontrolledtemperatureandpressureenvironmentduringallphasesofflightandgroundoperation.airisobtainedfromenginebleeds.APU、orfromanexternalgrou

11、ndcartthroughaconnectorlocatedonthefuselage.增壓系統(tǒng)的作用是為飛行及地面所有階段的溫度和壓力控制提供壓縮空氣。壓縮空氣的來源可以是發(fā)動機引氣、APU、或通過機身上的連接頭與地面氣源車相連供氣。(2) Thepneumaticsystemcontrolsthetemperatureandthepressureofenginebleedairsource.Thepneumaticsystemprovideshightemperature,highpressureairfortheairconditioning.pressurization,wingand

12、cowlthermalanti-icing.also,thepneumaticsystemprovidespressureforthepotablewatersystem,hydraulicsystemandenginestarters.Theenginebleedairsystemsarelocatedontheengineandwithinthesupportstrut.增壓引氣控制發(fā)動機引氣的溫度和壓力。增壓系統(tǒng)為空調(diào)、增壓系統(tǒng)、機翼及整流罩熱防冰系統(tǒng)提供高溫、高壓引氣。同時，增壓系統(tǒng)還給飲用水系統(tǒng)、液壓系統(tǒng)和發(fā)動機起動系統(tǒng)提供壓力。發(fā)動機引氣系統(tǒng)位于支架內(nèi)部發(fā)動機上。(3) Theno

13、rmalcabinairsourceisobtainedfromthe5th-stageoftheenginesatlow-enginepower,9th-stageairautomaticallysubstitutestomeetusersystemneeds.正常情況下，客艙空氣來自于發(fā)動機低能量的第5級，9級空氣自動分配以滿足用戶系統(tǒng)的而(4) Onthetopoffigure2-1,theisolationvalveseparatestheleftandrighthalvesofthesystem.Ontheleftsideoftheisolationvalve,theAPUbleed

14、airductjoinstheleftsidecrossoverduct;ontherightside,thepneumaticgroundserviceconnectorjoinstherightsidecrossoverduct.Fromtheseductstheusersystemaresuppliedwithpressurizedair,governedbytheappropriatecontrolvalves.在圖2-1的上方，隔離活門將左右系統(tǒng)分隔成獨立的兩部分。在隔離活門的左邊，APU引氣管道立連接著左交輸管道；在右邊，壓縮空氣地面接頭連接右交輸管道。用戶系統(tǒng)可以從這些管道獲得壓

15、縮空氣，通過適當?shù)目刂苹铋T進行控制。LESSON3AIRCONDINTION空調(diào)系統(tǒng)、單詞空氣調(diào)節(jié)Airconditioning環(huán)境Ambient機組Crew加熱heat冷卻Cool增壓Pressurization引出，放出Bled總管道Manifold分離Separate獨立的Independent冷卻組件Coolingpack調(diào)節(jié)，管理regulate暖，熱Worm減少Reduce期望Desire渦輪冷卻器Aircyclemachine整的Integral包括Consistof共同的Common軸Shaft離開Leave膨脹VExpand膨脹NExpansion下降Drop零卜Sub-ze

16、ro分配Distribute此外Inaddition配平空氣管道Trimairline混合Mix室、容器Chamber加上，增加Add頭頂上Overhead豎管Raise收Collector防護罩Shroud過濾器Filter排出口Discharge再分配Redistribute二等分halve、TEXT(1) theairconditioningsystemprovidesaconditionedairenvironmentforthepassengersandcrew,heatsthecargocompartment,coolstheelectronicequipment,andsuppl

17、iesairforthepressurizationsystem.空調(diào)系統(tǒng)為旅客和機組提供環(huán)境溫度的控制，為客艙供熱，為電子設(shè)備艙降溫，還有為增壓系統(tǒng)提供空氣。(2) Airisbledfromthepneumaticmanifoldandconditionedby2separateandindependentcoolingpacks.Airflowintothepacksisregulatedbythepackvalves.空氣從增壓主管道和空調(diào)中通過2個隔離的，相互獨立的冷卻組件中被引入。空氣流進組件中通過組件活門調(diào)節(jié)。(3) Airfromthepneumaticmanifoldisto

18、owarmandmustbecooled.Thepuposeof2packsistoreduceenginebleedairtemperaturetothedesiredtemperature.從增壓主管道中來的空氣太熱，需要降溫。兩個組件的作用就是將發(fā)動機引氣溫度降低到需要的溫度。(4) Anaircyclemachineisanintegralunitofeachcoolingpack.Theaircyclemachineconsistsofaturbinewheelandacompressorwheelmountedonacommonshaft.Airflowingthroughthea

19、ircyclemachinedrivestheturbine,theturbinedrivesthecompressorsection.Astheairleavestheturbineitexpandsgreatly.Thisexpansioncancausethetemperatureoftheairtodroptosub-zerolevels.渦輪冷卻器是構(gòu)成每個冷卻組件所必需的。它包括一個渦輪和一個壓氣機，安裝在共同的軸上。氣流通過渦輪冷卻器驅(qū)動渦輪，渦輪驅(qū)動壓氣機部分。當空氣離開渦輪后急劇膨脹。這種膨脹能夠?qū)е驴諝鉁囟冉档搅愣纫韵碌某潭取?5) Infigure3-1,wecansee

20、thattheconditionedairfromtherightpackflowsintothemaindistributionmanifold,theconditionedairfromtheleftpackflowsintothemaindistributionmanifoldandintotheflightcompartment.Inaddition,atrimairlinefromtheleftmixchamberaddshotairtotheflightcompartmentduct.Themaindistributionmanifoldsuppliesthepassengerco

21、mpartmentoverheaddistributionsystemthroughtowsidewallrisers.在圖3-1中，我們可以看出，調(diào)節(jié)空氣從右組件流向主分配管道，還有調(diào)節(jié)空氣從左組件流向主分配管道和進入駕駛艙。另外，從左混合艙出來的配平空氣管道增加熱空氣給駕駛艙管道。主分配管道通過兩個側(cè)壁豎管供氣給客艙頂部分配系統(tǒng)。(6) A3-phasefandrawsairfromthecollectorshroudthroughfiltersanddischargesintothemaindistributionmanifoldforredistribution.一個三相風扇從收集器防

22、護罩穿過過；濾器和排出口進入主分配管道，用以再分配。LESSON4PRESSURIZATIONINTRODUCTION增壓系統(tǒng)簡介、單詞組件Pack控制Control座艙高度Cabinaltitude外流閥Outflowvalve保持Maintain盡可能的Asaspossible目的地destination安全的Safe舒適的Comfortable曲線Curve對時間的Againsttime起飛Takeoff巡航Cruise虛線Dottedline實線Solidline爬升Ascend下降Descent近Near環(huán)境ambient減小decrease變化率rate確定、決定Determine

23、大氣Atmosphere例子Example磅/英寸Psi=poundpersquareinch參照Byreferring圖表Chart描繪Depict與的關(guān)系曲線versus稱之為Isreferredtoas制度System水銀mercury毫巴Millibar相等的identical施加exert排出exhaust向機艙外outboard、TEXT(1) theairconditioningpackssupplyconditionedairintopressurizationsystem.thepressurizationsystemcontrolscabinaltitudebyregula

24、tingairflowfromthefuselage,throughtheoutflowvalve.Thepressurizationsystemmaintainscabinaltitudeasclosetosealevelaspossibleoratanaltitudeequaltothealtitudeoftheflightdestination,sothepressurizationsystemprovidesasafecomfortablecabinaltitudeforthecrewandpassengeratallairplanealtitude.空調(diào)組件為增壓系統(tǒng)提供調(diào)節(jié)空氣。增

25、壓系統(tǒng)通過調(diào)節(jié)機身氣流控制客艙高度，通過外流閥,增壓系統(tǒng)保持客艙高度盡可能的接近海平面或等于飛行目的地高度，這樣增壓系統(tǒng)可為機組和旅客在整個飛行過程中提供一個安全舒適的客艙高度。(2) Figure4-2showsacurveofairplaneandcabinaltitudeagainsttimefromtakeoffthroughcruisetolanding.airplanealtitudeisshownindottedline.Cabinaltitudeisshowninsolidline.Theairplanestartsitsflightatanairportaltitudenea

26、rsealevel,ascends,cruises,anddescendstoalandingairportnearsealevel.圖4-2顯示為飛機和坐艙高度在起飛、巡航及著陸階段的時間曲線。飛機高度顯示為虛線，坐艙高度顯示為實線。飛機以接近海平面的機場高度開始飛行、爬升、巡航、下降和接近海平面的機場著陸。(3) Cabinaltitudestartsatthetakeoffaltitude.Astheairplaneclimb,theambientpressuredecreases;thehigherthealtitude,thelowerthepressure.Thealtitudei

27、nsidetheairplane(cabinaltitude)alsoclimbsbutatalowerratethantheairplane.Thepressurizationsystemprovidesthepressuredifferentialbetweenthecabinandambient.客趁高度開始于起飛高度。當飛機爬升時，環(huán)境壓力減小，高度越高，壓力越低。飛機內(nèi)部高度(坐艙高度)也以一個低于飛機的速率爬升。增壓系統(tǒng)提供客艙與外界環(huán)境之間的壓力差。(4) Theairplanealtitudeabovesealevelisdeterminedbymeasuringthepres

28、sureoftheambientatmosphere.Forexample,seefigure4-3,at30,000feetabovesealeveltheambientpressurewouldbepsi.thecabinaltitudecanbemeasuredbyaddingtheambientpressuretothepsidmaintainedinsidetheairplanebythepressurizationsystem:ambientpressurepsiat30,000ft.Pressuredifferentialbyreferringtothechartdepictin

29、gambientpressureversusaltitude,iftheambientpressureis,thecabinaltitudewouldbe5150ft(seefigure4-3).飛機高度可通過測量環(huán)境大氣的壓力來測得。例如：圖4-3，在高于海平面3萬英尺的環(huán)境壓力為?？团摳叨瓤赏ㄟ^環(huán)境壓力加來測得，由增壓系統(tǒng)保持：環(huán)境壓力：30000FT壓力差；坐艙壓力：+=參照圖表描述環(huán)境壓力高度曲線，如果環(huán)境壓力是，客艙高度將是5150英尺(圖4-3)(5) thecabinpressureisreferredtoas“psid”andindicatesthedifferentialpr

30、essure,inpoundspersquareinch,betweeninsideandoutsideoftheairplane.Therearemanysystemsformeasuring pressure andpsiis only one .airplane systems measure pressure in inches ofas a measurement of the pressuremercuryandmillibars;theseindicationsareidenticaltoexertedbytheatmosphereatsealevel.客艙壓力被稱為“PSID”

31、并用“磅/英尺”指出壓力差，在飛機內(nèi)外，有許多系統(tǒng)可測量壓力，“PSI”只是其中之一。飛機系統(tǒng)用英寸水銀或毫巴來測量壓力；這些指示等同于受到海平面大氣壓力。(6) Thepressurecontrolsystemsprovidecabindifferentialpressurebycontrollingtheoutflowofairfromthefuselage.Thepressurecontrolsystemconsistsofanaftoutflowvalve,forwardoutflowvalve,pressurecontroller,controlpanel,pressuresensi

32、nginputs,andmonitoringindicators.壓力控制系統(tǒng)通過控制機外氣流來提供客艙壓力差。壓力控制系統(tǒng)包括一個外流閥、前外流閥、壓力控制器、控制面板、壓力傳感器和監(jiān)視器。(7) Theaftoutflowvalveallowingcabinairtoexhaustoverboardtomaintaincabinpressure.Theforwardoutflowvalvereceivesacontrolsignalfromtheaftoutflowvalve.whentheaftoutflowvalveisclosed,theforwardoutflowvalverece

33、ivesasignaltodrivefullclosed.后外流閥允許客艙空氣排出到機外以保持客艙壓力。前外流閥接收一個從后外流閥來的控制信號。當后外流閥被關(guān)閉時，前外流閥接收又個信號驅(qū)使完全關(guān)閉。LESSON5FIREDETECTION火警探測、單詞火警探測Firedetection在周圍Around組件Pack監(jiān)控Monitor存在Exist泄漏Leak部件Component曜aw口Alarm于|文w命horn過熱Overheat鈴聲Bell規(guī)定Specify發(fā)生Occur聽覺Aural在之下beneath面板Panel器件device與相對應Respondto機翼Wing滅火器Extin

34、guish盆basin廁所Lavatory瓶Bottle擦手紙斜槽Towerchute可選的optional角落Corner特征feature輪子wheel可用的Available放出dischargeLocation完成Accomplish元件element大花板CeilingTEXT(1) thefiredetectionsystemsmonitorairplanecomponentsforoverheat,fireorsmokecondition.EngineandAPUfireandoverheatindicationoccursontheP8andP7panels.Wingandbo

35、dyductoverheatwarningoccursontheP5andP7panels.Lavatorysmokedetectionindicationisanoptionalfeaturethatisavailable.IndicationcanoccuratthelavatorylocationandorontheP5panel.火警探測系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控飛機組件的過熱、失火或煙霧等情況。發(fā)動機和APU過熱和失火指示出現(xiàn)在P8或P7板上。機翼和機身管道過熱警告出現(xiàn)在P5或P7板上。廁所煙霧探測指示是一個可選裝配件。指示能夠出現(xiàn)在廁所位置或P5板上。(2) Enginefireandoverhea

36、tdetectionisprovidedbydetectorelementslocatedaroundtheengine.TheengineandAPUfiredetectionaccessoryunitM279,locatedintheE/Ebaydeterminesifafireoroverheatconditionexists.WhendetectedindicationsoccurintheflightdeckanalarmbellisprovidedbytheauralwarningdevicesunitM315forafirecondition.Thetwoenginefireex

37、tinguisherbottlesarelocatedontheupperleftaftcornerofthemainwheelwellandaredischargedfromtheflightdeck.發(fā)動機失火和過熱信號探測由安裝在發(fā)動機周圍的探測元件提供。發(fā)動機和APU火警探測組件M279，安裝在電子設(shè)備艙，用于判斷是否有失火或過熱情況發(fā)生。當在飛機蒙皮探測到火警信號時，音響警告設(shè)備M315將給出一個警告鈴聲。兩臺發(fā)動機滅火瓶安裝在主輪艙左下方后角處，并從處釋放。(3) TheAPUdetectorssensefireconditionsonly.Monitoringofthesenso

38、rsisaccomplishedbytheM279.indicationsoccurontheP28panelinthewheelwellandalsointheflightdeck.TheAPUfirebottleislocatedbehindtheaftpressurebulkheadandisdischargedeitherfromtheflightdeckorP28panel.APU探測器只感應火警信號。傳感器的監(jiān)控由M279完成。指示出現(xiàn)在P28板在主輪艙和FLIGHTDECK。APU滅火瓶后壓力隔板上，并通過P28板或FLIGHDECK釋放。(4) Wheelwellfiredet

39、ectionisprovidedbydetectorelementsmountedonthewheelwellceiling.ThedetectorsprovideinputtotheM237modulelocatedintheE/Ebay.IndicationsoccurontheP7andP8panelsandanalarmbellisprovidedbytheM315module.輪艙火警探測由安裝在輪艙天花板上的探測元件來提供。探測器提供信號給安裝在電子設(shè)備艙的M237組件。指示信號出現(xiàn)在P7和P8板上，警告鈴聲由M315組件提供。(5) Thewingandbodyoverheatd

40、etectionsystemexiststomonitorthepneumaticsystemforleaks.thedetectionsystemisdividedintoaleftandrightsystem.ThedetectorsprovideinputtotheM237module.OverheatindicationoccursontheP5andP7panels.機翼和機身過熱探測系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控增壓系統(tǒng)有無滲漏。探測系統(tǒng)分為左右兩部分。探測器提供信二也MM237組件。過熱指示信號出現(xiàn)在P5和P7板上。(6) Thelavatorysmokedetectorislocatedineach

41、lavatory,thedetectorwillprovideawarninghornandindicationataspecifiedsmokelevel.locatedineachlavatory,beneaththewashbasin,isafireextinguisherbottlewhichrespondstohightemperatureinthetowerchute.廁所煙霧探測器安裝在每個廁所里，探測器將在規(guī)定的煙霧層度發(fā)出警告信號。滅火瓶安裝在每個廁所，洗手池下面，可以對擦手紙斜槽里的高溫情況作出響應。LESSON6OXYGENSYSTEM氧氣系統(tǒng)一、單詞氧氣Oxygen要求

42、、命令Acquire單獨的independent安裝Install氣態(tài)的Gaseous稱為designate稀釋器Diluter要求Demand化學上Chemically服務員Attendant氣缸Cylinder旅客服務設(shè)備Passengersserviceunit囿罩Mask切斷Shutoff數(shù)量Quantity壓強計Gage即使Inaeventof排出Vent緊急情況Emergence鎖定Latch釋放Release作動筒Actuator機構(gòu)Mechanism開動，啟動activate自動地automatically人工地manually、TEXTthepurposeoftheoxyge

43、nsystemistoprovideoxygenfortheflightcrewandpassengerswhenrequired.TwoindependentoxygensystemareinstalledinB737.theflightcrewoxygensystemisahighpressuregaseoussystemforflightcrewuseonly,thistypeofsystem is designated adiluter demstemd . The p assenger oxygen system is achemically-generatedoxygensyste

44、mforusebypassengersandcabinattendants.Thistypeofsystemisdesignateda“continusyssemow”氧氣系統(tǒng)用來為機組及旅客提供氧氣。B737上安裝有兩套氧氣系統(tǒng)。機組氧氣系統(tǒng)是一個僅供機組使用的高壓氣態(tài)系統(tǒng)，這種系統(tǒng)被稱為“稀釋要求”系統(tǒng)。旅客氧氣系統(tǒng)是一供旅客及乘務員使用個化學制氧系統(tǒng)。這種系統(tǒng)被稱為“continuousflow”系統(tǒng)。(2) Theflightcrewoxygensystemconsistsofanoxygencylinder.Valves,indicatingcomponents,distributi

45、ontubingandoxygenmask/regulator.Thecrewoxygensystemcomponentsarelocatedintheforwardcargocompartmentandintheflightcompartment.機組氧氣系統(tǒng)包括一個氧氣瓶，閥門，指示組件，分配管道及氧氣面罩/調(diào)節(jié)器。機組氧氣系統(tǒng)組件安裝在前客艙和駕駛艙內(nèi)。(3) Oxygenflowsthroughthepressurereducingregulatorandshutoffvalvetothemasks.Quantity(pressure)indicationisprovidedbyaga

46、geintheflightcompartment.Intheeventofanoverpressure,thecylinderisventedtoambientthroughtheoverboarddischarge.Thecylinderisservicedafterremovalfromtheaircraft.氧氣通過減壓調(diào)節(jié)器和關(guān)斷活門流向氧氣面罩。流量指示由駕駛艙內(nèi)的壓強計指示。一旦過壓，氣瓶將通過頂部釋放開關(guān)進行釋壓。氣瓶應從飛機上取下進行勤務。(4) Thepassengeroxygensystemprovidesanemergencyoxygensupplytothepassen

47、gersandattendants,thissystemconsistsofpassengerserviceunits,controlandindication.Theseserviceunitscontainthemaskbox,doorlatchreleaseactuator,latchingmechanism,chemicaloxygengeneratorandoxygenmask.旅客氧氣系統(tǒng)為旅客及乘務員提供應急氧氣，系統(tǒng)包括旅客服務設(shè)備，控制及指示器。這個服務設(shè)備包括氧氣面罩盒、門鎖釋放作動筒，鎖定機械裝置、氧氣發(fā)生器及氧氣面罩。(5) Thepassengeroxygensyst

48、emcanbeactivatedautomaticallybyhighcabinaltitude(lowcabinpressure)ormanuallyfromtheflightcompartment.旅客氧氣系統(tǒng)能夠被較高的客艙高度自動啟動，也能在駕駛艙人工啟動。LESSON7ICEANDRAINPROTECTION防冰、防雨一、單詞雨Rain保護Protect幫助Aid為而提供Isprovidedfor雨刷Wiper防雨劑Repellent葉片Vane衛(wèi)生間Toilet排放Drain視線Vision皮托靜壓Pitotstatic探頭Probe迎角葉片Alphavane支柱管Mast堆積Bu

49、ildup碰撞Impact強度Strengthen霧Fog導電的conductive涂層coating暴露expose氣流Airstream形成Formatting結(jié)冰Freeze原因Cause出故障的Faulty損失Loss槽Sink嵌入Embed墊圈gasket裝置Fitting與結(jié)合在一起Areintegratedwith、TEXTtheiceandrainprotectionsystemprotectstheairplaneandaidstheflightcrewwhenoperatingundericeandrainconditions.Iceandrainprotectionisp

50、rovidedfor:1) wingleadingedgeslatsoutboardofeachengine.2) Flightcompartmentwindows(heat,wiper,rainrepellent).3) Pitotstaticandtemperatureprobes.4) Alphavanes.5) Toiletdrains.防冰、防雨系統(tǒng)用于保護飛機及幫助機組在雨雪天氣下操作飛機。此系統(tǒng)為下列部件提供保護：1)發(fā)動機外前緣縫翼；2)駕駛艙玻璃窗(加熱、雨刷、防雨劑)；3)皮托靜壓管及總溫探頭；4)迎角葉片；5)廁所排水。(2) Wingleadingslatsusehot

51、airfromthepneumaticsystem.Flightcompartmentwindowsareelectricallyheated.Thewipersandrainrepellentareusedforprovidingclearvision.Thepitotstaticprobes,alphavanes,drainmasts,andtoiletdrainsuseelectricheaters.前緣縫翼用增壓系統(tǒng)的熱引氣加溫。駕駛艙窗口用電加溫。雨刷和防雨劑用來提供清晰視野。皮托靜壓探頭、迎角葉片、排水管及廁所排水都是用電加溫。(3) Thewinganti-icesystempr

52、eventsicebuilduponthewingleadingedgeslats,thissystemconsistsofairsupplyducts,valves,terminalswitches,controlsandindications.防冰系統(tǒng)可防止冰在縫翼前緣堆積，此系統(tǒng)包括供氣管道、活門、終端開關(guān)、控制及指示器。(4) Thewindowheatsystemimprovestheimpactstrengthoftheflightcompartmentwindowsandpreventsfogandice-buildup,thissystemconsistsofconductiv

53、ecoatinginthewindowstructure,heatcontrolunits,controlsandindications.窗口加熱系統(tǒng)提高了駕駛艙窗口的撞擊強度并防止霧和冰的堆積，此系統(tǒng)包括窗口結(jié)構(gòu)上的導電涂層、加熱控制組件、控制及指示器。(5) Thepitotstaticprobes,temperatureprobeandalphavanesprovideairdatainformationtothevarioususingsystem,theyarelocatedontheleftandrightsidesoftheforwardfuselage.Sinceallthep

54、robesandvanesareexposedtotheairstream,internalheatingisprovidedtopreventiceformation.Freezingcouldcausefaultyinputsorpossiblelossofalldata.皮托靜壓探頭、總溫探頭和迎角葉片用來提供大氣數(shù)據(jù)信息給不同的應用系統(tǒng)，他們位于前機身在右側(cè)。因為所有的探頭及葉片都暴露在氣流里，需要加熱以防止結(jié)冰。結(jié)冰可以導致所有數(shù)據(jù)的丟失或輸入錯誤信息。(6) Thedrainanti-icingsystempreventsicebuilduponthedrainsfromtheto

55、iletsandlavatorysinks.Theafttoiletdrainheaterisembeddedingasketbetweenthedraintubeandthedrainoutletfitting.Thelavatorysinkdrainheaterareintegratedwiththedrainmast.Thepowersupplyforthetoiletdrainheatersis115voltsacandforthelavatorysinkdrainis115voltsacor28voltsac.排水防冰系統(tǒng)防止在衛(wèi)生間及其水池的排水裝置上積冰。后廁所加熱器用墊片嵌入在排水管道與外流排水裝置之間。廁所洗手池加熱器與排水豎管連在一起。為廁所排水管加熱用的是115V直流電，為廁所洗手池加熱用的是1